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Zhao X, Wang H, Li B, Zhang W, Li X, Zhao W, Janiak C, Heard AW, Yang XJ, Wu B. A Hydrogen-Bonded Ravel Assembled by Anion Coordination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202115042. [PMID: 34850515 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202115042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Anion-coordination-driven assembly (ACDA) is showing increasing power in the construction of anionic supramolecular architectures. Herein, by expanding the anion centers from oxoanion (phosphate or sulfate) to organic tris-carboxylates, an Archimedean solid (truncated tetrahedron) and a highly entangled, double-walled tetrahedron featuring a ravel topology have been assembled with tris-bis(urea) ligands. The results demonstrate the promising ability of tris-carboxylates as new anion coordination centers in constructing novel topologies with increasing complexity and diversity compared to phosphate or sulfate ions on account of the modifiable size and easy functionalization character of these organic anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Boyang Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Christoph Janiak
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Strukturchemie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, 40204, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrew W Heard
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiao-Juan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Biao Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering, Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 102488, China
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Singh A, Kast J, Dirain MLS, Huang H, Haskell-Luevano C. Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Substituted Urea Derivatives on Mouse Melanocortin Receptors. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:196-205. [PMID: 26645732 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin system is involved in the regulation of several complex physiological functions. In particular, the melanocortin-3 and -4 receptors (MC3R/MC4R) have been demonstrated to regulate body weight, energy homeostasis, and feeding behavior. Synthetic and endogenous melanocortin agonists have been shown to be anorexigenic in rodent models. Herein, we report synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of 27 nonpeptide small molecule ligands based on an unsymmetrical substituted urea core. Three templates containing key residues from the lead compounds, showing diversity at three positions (R(1), R(2), R(3)), were designed and synthesized. The syntheses were optimized for efficient microwave-assisted chemistry that significantly reduced total syntheses time compared to a previously reported room temperature method. The pharmacological characterization of the compounds on the mouse melanocortin receptors identified compounds 1 and 12 with full agonist activity at the mMC4R, but no activity was observed at the mMC3R when tested up to 100 μM concentrations. The SAR identified compounds possessing aliphatic or saturated cyclic amines at the R(1) position, bulky aromatic groups at the R(2) position, and benzyl group at the R(3) position resulted in mMC4R selectivity over the mMC3R. The small molecule template and SAR knowledge from this series may be helpful in further design of MC3R/MC4R selective small molecule ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Singh
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Johannes Kast
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Marvin L. S. Dirain
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Huisuo Huang
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Carrie Haskell-Luevano
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department
of Pharmacodynamics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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