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Eichhoff AM, Börner K, Albrecht B, Schäfer W, Baum N, Haag F, Körbelin J, Trepel M, Braren I, Grimm D, Adriouch S, Koch-Nolte F. Nanobody-Enhanced Targeting of AAV Gene Therapy Vectors. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2019; 15:211-220. [PMID: 31687421 PMCID: PMC6819893 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A limiting factor for the use of adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) as vectors in gene therapy is the broad tropism of AAV serotypes, i.e., the parallel infection of several cell types. Nanobodies are single immunoglobulin variable domains from heavy chain antibodies that naturally occur in camelids. Their small size and high solubility allow easy reformatting into fusion proteins. Herein we show that a membrane protein-specific nanobody can be inserted into a surface loop of the VP1 capsid protein of AAV2. Using three structurally distinct membrane proteins—a multispan ion channel, a single-span transmembrane protein, and a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored ectoenzyme—we show that this strategy can dramatically enhance the transduction of specific target cells by recombinant AAV2. Moreover, we show that the nanobody-VP1 fusion of AAV2 can be incorporated into the capsids of AAV1, AAV8, and AAV9 and thereby effectively redirect the target specificity of other AAV serotypes. Nanobody-mediated targeting provides a highly efficient AAV targeting strategy that is likely to open up new avenues for genetic engineering of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Marei Eichhoff
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, INSERM U1234, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Kathleen Börner
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Birte Albrecht
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Waldemar Schäfer
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Baum
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Haag
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Körbelin
- Center for Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Trepel
- Center for Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingke Braren
- Institute of Pharmacology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Grimm
- Department of Infectious Diseases/Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.,BioQuant, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sahil Adriouch
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institute for Research and Innovation in Biomedicine, INSERM U1234, Normandy University, Rouen, France
| | - Friedrich Koch-Nolte
- Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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