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Baros J, Bilik P, Jaros R, Danys L, Strossa J, Hlavaty L, Martinek R. Instrumentation for Verification of Shunt Active Power Filter Algorithms. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8494. [PMID: 37896587 PMCID: PMC10610626 DOI: 10.3390/s23208494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This article presents a comprehensive system for testing and verifying shunt active power filter control methods. The aim of this experimental platform is to provide tools to a user to objectively compare the individual control methods. The functionality of the system was verified on a hardware platform using least mean squares and recursive least squares algorithms. In the experiments, an average relative suppression of the total harmonic distortion of 22% was achieved. This article describes the principle of the shunt active power filter, the used experimental platform of the controlled current injection source, its control system based on virtual instrumentation and control software and ends with experimental verification. The discussion of the paper outlines the extension of the experimental platform with the cRIO RTOS control system to reduce the latency of reference current generation and further planned research including motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Baros
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bilik
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Rene Jaros
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Danys
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Strossa
- Department of Electronics, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Hlavaty
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Martinek
- Department of Cybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, VSB–Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708 33 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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2
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Burda I. Advanced Impedance Spectroscopy for QCM Sensor in Liquid Medium. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:s22062337. [PMID: 35336507 PMCID: PMC8949602 DOI: 10.3390/s22062337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Technological evolution has allowed impedance analysis to become a versatile and efficient method for the precise measurement of the equivalent electrical parameters of the quartz crystal microbalance (QCM). By measuring the dissipation factor, or another equivalent electrical parameter, the QCM sensor provides access to the sample mass per unit area and its physical parameters, thus ensuring a detailed analysis. This paper aims to demonstrate the benefits of advanced impedance spectroscopy concerning the Butterworth–van Dyke (BVD) model for QCM sensors immersed with an electrode in a liquid medium. The support instrument in this study is a fast and accurate software-defined virtual impedance analyzer (VIA) with real-time computing capabilities of the QCM sensor’s electric model. Advanced software methods of self-calibration, real-time compensation, innovative post-compensation, and simultaneous calculation by several methods are the experimental resources of the results presented in this paper. The experimental results validate the theoretical concepts and demonstrate both the capabilities of VIA as an instrument and the significant improvements brought by the advanced software methods of impedance spectroscopy analysis related to the BVD model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Burda
- Physics Department, Babes-Bolyai University, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Burda I. Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Impedance Analysis Based on Virtual Instruments: Experimental Study. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:1506. [PMID: 35214403 DOI: 10.3390/s22041506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The impedance quartz crystal microbalance (QCMI) is a versatile and simple method for making accurate measurements of the QCM sensor electrical parameters. The QCM sensor provides access to the physical parameters of the sample beyond the mass per unit area by measuring the dissipation factor, or another equivalent, ensuring a detailed analysis of the surface. By establishing a cooperative relationship between custom software and modular configurable hardware we obtain a user-defined measurement system that is called a virtual instrument. This paper aims primarily to improve and adapt existing concepts to new electronics technologies to obtain a fast and accurate virtual impedance analyzer (VIA). The second is the implementation of a VIA by software to cover a wide range of measurements for the impedance of the QCM sensor, followed by the calculation of the value of lumped electrical elements in real time. A method for software compensation of the parallel and stray capacitance is also described. The development of a compact VIA with a decent measurement rate (192 frequency points per second) aims, in the next development steps, to create an accurate impedance analyzer for QCM sensors. The experimental results show the good working capacity of QCMI based on VIA.
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Sanaullah, Baig H, Madsen J, Lee JA. A Parallel Approach to Perform Threshold Value and Propagation Delay Analyses of Genetic Logic Circuit Models. ACS Synth Biol 2020; 9:3422-3428. [PMID: 33225698 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.0c00379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Experiments with synthetic genetic logic circuits can be time-consuming and expensive. Accordingly, advances in the field of computer-aided design and simulation of genetic circuits have reduced the cost and time required for experimentation. D-VASim is the first genetic circuit simulation tool that allows users to interact with the model during run-time. In contrast to electronic circuits, genetic circuits have different threshold values for different circuits, which need to be estimated prior to simulation. D-VASim allows the user to perform threshold concentration and propagation delay analysis before simulating the circuit. The algorithm currently used in D-VASim has considerable scope for improvements. Thus, we propose a parallel implementation of the algorithm, significantly faster by up to 16 times. In adddition, we improve the algorithm for consistent runtimes across multiple simulation runs under the same parameter settings, reducing the worst-case standard deviation in runtime from 6.637 to 1.841. Our algorithm also estimates the threshold value more accurately, as evident from experimentation for long runtimes. With these modifications, the utility of D-VASim as a virtual laboratory environment has been significantly enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaullah
- Computer Engineering Department, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
| | - Hasan Baig
- Center for Quantitative Medicine, UConn Health, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-6033, United States
| | - Jan Madsen
- Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Department, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Jeong-A Lee
- Computer Engineering Department, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, South Korea
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Adeluyi O, Risco-Castillo MA, Liz Crespo M, Cicuttin A, Lee JA. A Computerized Bioinspired Methodology for Lightweight and Reliable Neural Telemetry. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20226461. [PMID: 33198191 PMCID: PMC7696551 DOI: 10.3390/s20226461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Personalized health monitoring of neural signals usually results in a very large dataset, the processing and transmission of which require considerable energy, storage, and processing time. We present bioinspired electroceptive compressive sensing (BeCoS) as an approach for minimizing these penalties. It is a lightweight and reliable approach for the compression and transmission of neural signals inspired by active electroceptive sensing used by weakly electric fish. It uses a signature signal and a sensed pseudo-sparse differential signal to transmit and reconstruct the signals remotely. We have used EEG datasets to compare BeCoS with the block sparse Bayesian learning-bound optimization (BSBL-BO) technique-A popular compressive sensing technique used for low-energy wireless telemonitoring of EEG signals. We achieved average coherence, latency, compression ratio, and estimated per-epoch power values that were 35.38%, 62.85%, 53.26%, and 13 mW better than BSBL-BO, respectively, while structural similarity was only 6.295% worse. However, the original and reconstructed signals remain visually similar. BeCoS senses the signals as a derivative of a predefined signature signal resulting in a pseudo-sparse signal that significantly improves the efficiency of the monitoring process. The results show that BeCoS is a promising approach for the health monitoring of neural signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olufemi Adeluyi
- Ministry of Communications and Digital Economy, Federal Secretariat, Abuja 900001, Nigeria;
| | - Miguel A. Risco-Castillo
- Engineering Physics, Department of Science, National University of Engineering, Av. Tupac Amaru 210, Cercado de Lima 15333, Peru;
| | - María Liz Crespo
- Multidisciplinary Lab, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Via Beirut 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (M.L.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Andres Cicuttin
- Multidisciplinary Lab, International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Via Beirut 31, 34100 Trieste, Italy; (M.L.C.); (A.C.)
| | - Jeong-A Lee
- Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-Daero, Dong-Gu, Gwangju 61452, Korea
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González B, Jiménez FJ, De Frutos J. A Virtual Instrument for Road Vehicle Classification Based on Piezoelectric Transducers. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:s20164597. [PMID: 32824339 PMCID: PMC7472151 DOI: 10.3390/s20164597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a virtual instrument capable of the automatic and quasi-instantaneous classification of a vehicle according to category when it is driving along the road. The vehicle’s classification is based on accurate measurements of both the vehicle’s speed and its wheelbase. Our research is focused on achieving accurate speed and wheelbase measurements and then determining the category of the vehicle through the developed software. The vehicle categorization is based on the wheelbase measurements and the number of axles and metal masses of the vehicle. The system has a complementary magnetic sensor, which helps in classifying the vehicle when the wheelbase measurement could be representative of different categories, and a camera to confirm the results of the experiment. The proposed measurement system presents a novel method for classifying vehicles according to type using piezoelectric transducers (piezo sensors). In addition, no system references have been found that encompass the functionalities of the presented system based on the information of only two piezoelectric transducers. The system has important advantages over current alternatives (systems based on inductive loops, cameras, fiber optic sensors or lasers), the installation is simple and non-invasive and with a success rate of the classification greater than 90%. The system consists of a signal acquisition point on the pavement, signal conditioning hardware and a data acquisition (DAQ) module, which links the hardware and the virtual instrument developed in LabVIEW®. Finally, the system has been tested on the road with real traffic, and the experimental results are presented and discussed in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardino González
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Sistemas en Ingeniería de Telecomunicación (ETSIST), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Carretera de Valencia, km 7, 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-639-763-800
| | - Francisco J. Jiménez
- Departamento de Electrónica—Física, Ingeniería Eléctrica y Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Carretera de Valencia, km 7, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.J.); (J.D.F.)
- Cemdatic-Poemma R&D Group, Avenida. Complutense, 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José De Frutos
- Departamento de Electrónica—Física, Ingeniería Eléctrica y Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Carretera de Valencia, km 7, 28031 Madrid, Spain; (F.J.J.); (J.D.F.)
- Cemdatic-Poemma R&D Group, Avenida. Complutense, 30, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Jenkins DM, Kurasaki R. ABE-VIEW: Android Interface for Wireless Data Acquisition and Control. Sensors (Basel) 2018; 18:E2647. [PMID: 30104474 DOI: 10.3390/s18082647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Advances in scientific knowledge are increasingly supported by a growing community of developers freely sharing new hardware and software tools. In this spirit we have developed a free Android app, ABE-VIEW, that provides a flexible graphical user interface (GUI) populated entirely from a remote instrument by ascii-coded instructions communicated wirelessly over Bluetooth. Options include an interactive chart for plotting data in real time, up to 16 data fields, and virtual controls including buttons, numerical controls with user-defined range and resolution, and radio buttons which the user can use to send coded instructions back to the instrument. Data can be recorded into comma delimited files interactively at the user’s discretion. Our original objective of the project was to make data acquisition and control for undergraduate engineering labs more modular and affordable, but we have also found that the tool is highly useful for rapidly testing novel sensor systems for iterative improvement. Here we document the operation of the app and syntax for communicating with it. We also illustrate its application in undergraduate engineering labs on dynamic systems modeling, as well as for identifying the source of harmonic distortion affecting electrochemical impedance measurements at certain frequencies in a novel wireless potentiostat.
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Abstract
Constructing genetic logic circuits is an application of synthetic biology in which parts of the DNA of a living cell are engineered to perform a dedicated Boolean function triggered by an appropriate concentration of certain proteins or by different genetic components. These logic circuits work in a manner similar to electronic logic circuits, but they are much more stochastic and hence much harder to characterize. In this article, we introduce an approach to analyze the threshold value and timing of genetic logic circuits. We show how this approach can be used to analyze the timing behavior of single and cascaded genetic logic circuits. We further analyze the timing sensitivity of circuits by varying the degradation rates and concentrations. Our approach can be used not only to characterize the timing behavior but also to analyze the timing constraints of cascaded genetic logic circuits, a capability that we believe will be important for design automation in synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Baig
- Department of Applied
Mathematics
and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jan Madsen
- Department of Applied
Mathematics
and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Lin CH, Chen WL, Li CM, Wu MJ, Huang PT, Chen YS. Assistive technology using integrated flexible sensor and virtual alarm unit for blood leakage detection during dialysis therapy. Healthc Technol Lett 2016; 3:290-296. [PMID: 30800319 DOI: 10.1049/htl.2016.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood leakages and blood loss are both serious complications during dialysis therapies. According to dialysis survey reports, these events are life-threatening issues for nephrology nurses, medical staff, and patients. When venous needle dislodgement occurs, it takes only <2.5 min of reaction time for blood loss in an adult patient, resulting in mortality. As an early-warning design, a wireless assistive technology using an integrated flexible sensor and virtual alarm unit was developed to detect blood leakage during dialysis therapies. The flexible sensor was designed using a screen print technique with printing electronic circuits on a plastic substrate. A self-organising algorithm was used to design a virtual alarm unit, consisting of a virtual direct current grid and a virtual alarm driver. In other words, this warning device was employed to identify the blood leakage levels via wireless fidelity wireless network in cloud computing. The feasibility was verified, and commercialisation designs can also be implemented in an embedded system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hung Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kao-Yuan University, Kaohsiung City 82151, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ling Chen
- Department of Engineering and Maintenance, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City 81362, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Ming Li
- Department of Division of Infectious Diseases, Medicine of Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan City 710, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jui Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Tainan Branch, Tainan City 71051, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Tzan Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Shin Chen
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Kao-Yuan University, Kaohsiung City 82151, Taiwan
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