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Chang KYJ, Angell B, Rogers K, Jan S, Keay L. Cost-benefit analysis of orientation and mobility programs for adults with vision disability: a contingent valuation study. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:857-865. [PMID: 35249435 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2044523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to conduct a cost-benefit analysis of orientation and mobility (O&M) programs from three perspectives: the general public, the experienced, and the potential users of O&M programs. METHODS Willingness-to-pay (WTP) for O&M programs was collected via a contingent valuation survey using a double-bound dichotomous choice approach. WTP was estimated using interval regression analyses, accounting for study arm, sex, occupation, income, and self-rated health. The cost data were estimated from a service provider's perspective. The net present value (NPV), variation if delivered by tele-O&M, was investigated. RESULTS The adjusted mean NPV of O&M programs was $3857 (95% CI: $3760-$3954) per client, with highest NPV from the general public ($4289, 95% CI: $4185-$4392), followed by the experienced users ($3158, 95% CI: $2897-$3419) and the potential users ($2867, 95% CI: $2680-$3054). The NPV reached break-even for tele-O&M. CONCLUSIONS There was strong community support for investment into O&M programs considering benefits for clients over and above the cost of providing the services.Implications for rehabilitationThis study demonstrates the feasibility of using cost-benefit analysis with a contingent valuation approach to economically assess a rehabilitation intervention, where its multi-dimensional benefits cannot be fully captured by a conventional appraisal technique such as cost-effectiveness analysis.The high willingness-to-pay (WTP) values amongst the general public suggests that Australians perceive government's investment in orientation and mobility (O&M) rehabilitation as value for money and that individuals would be prepared to contribute to its costs.The lower WTP for O&M partially delivered via tele-practice (tele-O&M) indicates a lower acceptance of this innovation in comparison with the traditional face-to-face O&M.The estimated net present values of O&M programs, positive for traditional O&M and break-even for tele-O&M, can be of assistance to service planning and investment decisions within the Australian context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Yi Jade Chang
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Blake Angell
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- UCL Institute for Global Health, London, UK
| | - Kris Rogers
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephen Jan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lisa Keay
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Qin S, Huang L, Zhou J, Wang H, Li Q, Wu H, Wu J. Prevalence and Related Risk Factors Associated with Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) Among Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Vision Impairment (VI). Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:6125-6133. [PMID: 34611427 PMCID: PMC8485921 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s330726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the prevalence and related risk factors associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) among middle-aged and elderly patients with vision impairment (VI). Patients and Methods The study was conducted with 1355 visually impaired adults over 45 years old, recruited from a Rehabilitation Hospital in China. Visual impairment is diagnosed by a doctor according to guidelines. Data were analyzed using multiple correspondence and logistic regression analysis. This research represents an important step towards the development of empirically based practical suggestions for decision-makers and health professionals that support visually impaired middle-aged and elderly people to participate in physical exercise and weight management when needed. Results Of the 1335 middle-aged and elderly adults (mean age ± SD, 63.56 ± 7.74 years; 45.6% male) with VI, a total of 154 (11.5%) developed CHD. In all people with VI, age (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.16–2.02), hypertension (OR 2.14; 95% CI 1.46–3.14), diabetes (OR 3.79; 95% CI 2.29–6.27), blindness (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.16–2.43), moderate activity (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.69–0.98), and HR <60 beats/min (OR 1.43; 95% CI 1.08–2.48) are significantly related to CHD. Statistical analysis based on age grouping indicated that fasting plasma glucose, hypertension, diabetes, blindness, heart rate (<60 beats/min), and moderate activity were shown to have a strong association with development of CHD in age group <65 years (p < 0.05). Conclusion Compared with historical data, poorer vision degree, resting heart rate below 60 beats a minute and low physical activity level are emerging as new and increasing threats to CHD in middle-aged and elderly VI population. Interventions to enhance physical functioning and risk screening may be effective in the prevention of CHD in VI population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengmei Qin
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Huang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hengjing Wu
- Clinical Center for Intelligent Rehabilitation Research, Shanghai YangZhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Aslan E, Acar Z, Yılmaz B. Reproductive and Sexual Health in Males with Physical, Hearing, and Vision Disabilities. Int J Sex Health 2021; 33:210-221. [PMID: 38596751 PMCID: PMC10929575 DOI: 10.1080/19317611.2021.1884164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to determine reproductive health, sexual functions, and sexual satisfaction levels of males with disabilities. Methods: The study had a cross-sectional, descriptive, and correlational design and was conducted on 136 males with disabilities. Data was collected using an introduction form, International Index of Erectile Function, the Erectile Performance Anxiety Index (EPAI), the Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP), and the Sexual Satisfaction Scale (SSS). Results: The total EPAI score was 19.86 ± 8.98(10-50), the total PEP score was 9.91 ± 4.20(0-16) and the total SSS score was 86.79 ± 18.20(44-119). Conclusions: Education and counseling on reproductive and sexual health should be given based on their individual needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ergül Aslan
- Department of Women Health and Gynecologic Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Zehra Acar
- Department of Women Health and Gynecologic Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Büşra Yılmaz
- Department of Women Health and Gynecologic Nursing, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Istanbul, Turkey
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Alabdulwahhab KM, Ahmad MS. Visual Impairment and Blindness in Saudi Arabia's School for the Blind: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Optom (Auckl) 2020; 12:169-173. [PMID: 33117027 PMCID: PMC7553034 DOI: 10.2147/opto.s265293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM Visual impairment and blindness are important global health issues as they are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and decreased quality of life, leading to substantial economic loss and productivity. There are only a few published articles on vision impairment and blindness in Saudi Arabia to compare the range of estimated global prevalence of low vision, blindness, and their causes. This study aims to find out the important causes of vision impairment and blindness in schools for the blind in Qassim province, Saudi Arabia. METHODS The cross-sectional study was conducted at the blind schools in Buraidah city of Qassim province. A total of 278 registered cases were included in this study using a systematic random sampling of registered cases. Based on the definitions, the cases were classified as having vision impairment and/or blindness. The data were entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS 25. RESULTS The mean age was 30 years (range: 6 to 83 years) and 174 (76.4%) were males and 84 (32.6%) being females. The male:female ratio was 2:1. All the respondents were of Saudi ethnicity. Mild to moderate visual impairment was found in 6%, severe visual impairment in 27%, and blindness was seen in 64% of registered cases. The causes of blindness in these registered cases from blind school were retinitis pigmentosa (26%), optic atrophy (16%), glaucoma (7%), head trauma (6%), nystagmus (6%), retinopathy of prematurity (6%), ocular albinism (4%), corneal opacities (4%), amblyopia (3%) and other causes (22%). Overall, retinal disorders (retinitis pigmentosa and retinopathy of prematurity) were the leading causes of disability followed by optic atrophy. CONCLUSION The findings of this study are useful in planning and implementing screening programs in this area for early identification and corrections, thus preventing permanent loss of sight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid M Alabdulwahhab
- Department of Opthalmology, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah11952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad S Ahmad
- Department of Community Medicine/ Public Health, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al Majmaah11952, Saudi Arabia
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Hsueh CM, Wey JH, Yeh JS, Wu CH, Liou TH, Chang KH. Incidence and risk of major heart diseases in middle-aged adults with moderate to severe vision impairment: a population-based cohort study. Br J Ophthalmol 2018; 103:1054-1059. [PMID: 30201734 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-312471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM To estimate the incidence and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including heart failure and ischaemic heart disease, among middle-aged people with a visual disability (VD). METHODS We used a national health insurance research database to conduct a population-based cohort study from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2013. Patients with VD aged 35~65 years were recruited. For each VD patient, five age-matched, sex-matched and comorbidity-matched patients were randomly selected and recruited as controls. Control patients had no documented disability. RESULTS This study recruited 978 patients with VD (mean age±SD, 55.1±7.8 years; 48.9% male) and 4677 controls. Compared with the same sex of the controls, women with VD had higher incidence of MACE 1 (7.9 vs 2.8/1000 person-years, p<0.001), MACE 2 (27.5 vs 16.9/1000 person-years, p<0.001), MACE 3 (3.7 vs 1.4/1000 person-years, p<0.005) and MACE 4 (4.5 vs 2.5/1000 person-years, p<0.05), and men with VD had higher incidence of MACE 1 (4.6 vs 2.0/1000 person-years, p<0.005). Compared with the controls, patients with VD had lower cumulative MACE 1~MACE 4-free probabilities and had an independently higher risk of MACE 1~MACE 4 during the 13-year study, yielding an adjusted hazard ratio range of 1.31~2.75. Those persons with VD who had diabetes and hypertension had greater risks of MACE 1~MACE 4. CONCLUSIONS Middle-aged adults with VD were at risk of MACEs. A programme for MACE prevention is important for middle-aged people with VD. This is especially true for women and for those who also have diabetes and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Mei Hsueh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Hwa Wey
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jong-Shiuan Yeh
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hua Wu
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Chung-Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsan-Hon Liou
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Hwa Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan .,Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Madhusudhan AP, Evelyn-Tai LM, Zamri N, Adil H, Wan-Hazabbah WH. Open globe injury in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia - A 10-year review. Int J Ophthalmol 2014; 7:486-90. [PMID: 24967196 DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.2222-3959.2014.03.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the aetiology of open globe injuries at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia over a period of 10y and the prognostic factors for visual outcome. METHODS Retrospective review of medical records of open globe injury cases that presented from January 2000 to December 2009. Classification of open globe injury was based on the Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology (BETT). Records were obtained with hospital permission via the in-house electronic patient management system, and the case notes of all patients with a diagnosis of open globe injury were scrutinised. Patients with prior ocular trauma, pre-existing ocular conditions affecting the visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, central vision or corneal thickness, as well as those with a history of previous intraocular or refractive surgery were excluded. Analysis of data was with SPSS version 20.0. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between prognostic factors and visual outcome. RESULTS This study involved 220 patients (n=222 eyes). The most common place of injury was the home (51.8%), followed by the workplace (23.4%). Among children aged less than 16y of age, domestic-related injury was the predominant cause (54.6%), while in those aged 16y and above, occupational injuries were the most common cause (40.0%). Most eyes (76.5%) had an initial visual acuity worse than 3/60, and in half of these, the visual acuity improved. The visual outcome was found to be significantly associated with the initial visual acuity (P<0.005), posterior extent of wound (P<0.001), length of wound (P<0.001), presence of hyphaema (P<0.001) and presence of vitreous prolapse ((P<0.005). CONCLUSION The most common causes of open globe injury are domestic accidents and occupational injuries. Significant prognostic factors for final visual outcome in patients with open globe injury are initial visual acuity, posterior extent and length of wound, presence of hyphaema and presence of vitreous prolapse. Awareness of the factors predicting a poor visual outcome may be helpful during counselling of patients with open globe injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- A/L Paramananda Madhusudhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia ; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Li Min Evelyn-Tai
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia ; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Noordin Zamri
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia ; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Hussein Adil
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia ; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hitam Wan-Hazabbah
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia ; Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan 16150, Malaysia
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