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Konishi KI, Mizuochi T, Takei H, Yasuda R, Sakaguchi H, Ishihara J, Takaki Y, Kinoshita M, Hashizume N, Fukahori S, Shoji H, Miyano G, Yoshimaru K, Matsuura T, Sanada Y, Tainaka T, Uchida H, Kubo Y, Tanaka H, Sasaki H, Murai T, Fujishiro J, Yamashita Y, Nio M, Nittono H, Kimura A. A Japanese prospective multicenter study of urinary oxysterols in biliary atresia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4986. [PMID: 33654186 PMCID: PMC7925559 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-84445-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) can involve uncertainties. In the present prospective multicenter study, we considered whether urinary oxysterols represent a useful marker for diagnosis of BA in Japanese children. Subjects under 6 months old at 7 pediatric centers in Japan were prospectively enrolled, including patients with cholestasis and healthy controls (HC) without liver disease. Patients with cholestasis constituted 2 groups representing BA patients and others with cholestasis from other causes (non-BA). We quantitatively analyzed 7 oxysterols including 4β-, 20(S)-, 22(S)-, 22(R)-, 24(S)-, 25-, and 27-hydroxycholesterol by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. Enrolled subjects included 14 with BA (median age 68 days; range 26-170) and 10 non-BA cholestatic controls (59; 14-162), as well as 10 HC (57; 25-120). Total urinary oxysterols were significantly greater in BA (median, 153.0 μmol/mol creatinine; range 24.1-486.7; P < 0.001) and non-BA (36.2; 5.8-411.3; P < 0.05) than in HC (2.7; 0.8-7.6). In patients with BA, urinary 27-hydroxycholesterol (3.61; 0.42-11.09; P < 0.01) was significantly greater than in non-BA (0.71; 0-5.62). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis for distinguishing BA from non-BA, the area under the ROC curve for urinary 27-hydroxycholesterol was 0.83. In conclusion, this first report of urinary oxysterol analysis in patients with BA indicated that 27-hydroxycholesterol may be a useful marker for distinguishing BA from other causes of neonatal cholestasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Konishi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Mizuochi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan.
| | - Hajime Takei
- Junshin Clinic Bile Acid Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Yasuda
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Sakaguchi
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Jun Ishihara
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Yugo Takaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kinoshita
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Naoki Hashizume
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Suguru Fukahori
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Shoji
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Go Miyano
- Department of Pediatric General and Urogenital Surgery, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yoshimaru
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Matsuura
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Sanada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterological, General and Transplant Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Takahisa Tainaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroo Uchida
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yumiko Kubo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiromu Tanaka
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sasaki
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Murai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Jun Fujishiro
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yushiro Yamashita
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
| | - Masaki Nio
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | - Akihiko Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 8300011, Japan
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Li WW, Yang Y, Dai QG, Lin LL, Xie T, He LL, Tao JL, Shan JJ, Wang SC. Non-invasive urinary metabolomic profiles discriminate biliary atresia from infantile hepatitis syndrome. Metabolomics 2018; 14:90. [PMID: 30830373 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-018-1387-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Neonatal cholestatic disorders are a group of hepatobiliary diseases occurring in the first 3 months of life. The most common causes of neonatal cholestasis are infantile hepatitis syndrome (IHS) and biliary atresia (BA). The clinical manifestations of the two diseases are too similar to distinguish them. However, early detection is very important in improving the clinical outcome of BA. Currently, a liver biopsy is the only proven and effective method used to differentially diagnose these two similar diseases in the clinic. However, this method is invasive. Therefore, sensitive and non-invasive biomarkers are needed to effectively differentiate between BA and IHS. We hypothesized that urinary metabolomics can produce unique metabolite profiles for BA and IHS. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterize urinary metabolomic profiles in infants with BA and IHS, and to identify differences among infants with BA, IHS, and normal controls (NC). METHODS Urine samples along with patient characteristics were obtained from 25 BA, 38 IHS, and 38 NC infants. A non-targeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics method was used in conjunction with orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) to explore the metabolomic profiles of BA, IHS, and NC infants. RESULTS In total, 41 differentially expressed metabolites between BA vs. NC, IHS vs. NC, and BA vs. IHS were identified. N-acetyl-D-mannosamine and alpha-aminoadipic acid were found to be highly accurate at distinguishing between BA and IHS. CONCLUSIONS BA and IHS infants have specific urinary metabolomic profiles. The results of our study underscore the clinical potential of metabolomic profiling to uncover metabolic changes that could be used to discriminate BA from IHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- TCM Department, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Gang Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tong Xie
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li-Li He
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia-Lei Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Shan
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
- Medical Metabolomics Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
| | - Shou-Chuan Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Yousef IM, Perwaiz S, Lamireau T, Tuchweber B. Urinary bile acid profile in children with inborn errors of bile acid metabolism and chronic cholestasis; screening technique using electrospray tandem mass-spectrometry (ES/MS/MS). Med Sci Monit 2003; 9:MT21-31. [PMID: 12640349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that urine becomes the major route for bile acid excretion in liver diseases and thus we examined bile acid profile in urine obtained from normal children and children having chronic liver diseases using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ES/MS/MS). MATERIAL/METHODS Bile acid were extracted from 5 ml of urine obtained from five healthy children or from twenty patients with various liver diseases including patients with unknown chronic liver diseases, Zellweger syndrome, peroxisomal bifunctional protein deficiency disease, tyrosinema type 1, biliary atresia, and patients with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) of undetermined type. Identification and quantification of bile acids were achieved in 5 minutes using electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (ES/MS/MS). RESULTS Urinary bile acid excretion increased in liver diseases an average of 100 times as compared to control values. There was a specific profile for different liver disease which confirms the pathology of the disease and could be used for its diagnosis. The results also show that the ions used for the diagnosis of oxo-steroid reductase deficiency disease were present in other chronic liver diseases suggesting that these atypical bile acids may not be a result of an inborn error of bile acid metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The urinary bile acid profile obtained in this study by ES/MS/MS can be of use for the diagnosis of certain chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M Yousef
- Department of Pharmacology, Universite de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Amagai T, Mouri T, Kirii K, Hori T, Kaneko M, Ohkawa H. Clinical significance of measurement of resting energy expenditure in childhood. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol Suppl 2002:S19-22. [PMID: 12355909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
1. Biliary atresia (BA), as a common disease in Japan, and cystic fibrosis (CF), as an extremely uncommon disease in Japan, were selected to assess the clinical significance of measurement of energy expenditure (EE). 2. Energy expenditure was significantly higher in children with BA than in normal children. 3. Measurement of EE in BA lead to clues to resolving its mechanism by novel assessment of interleukin-6 and leptin. 4. Energy expenditure in children with CF is also higher, but this has been addressed by nutritional intervention with additional calories. 5. Individualization of EE measurement is necessary in the analysis of pathological mechanisms and nutritional management of patients with both common and uncommon diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruyoshi Amagai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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Kimura A, Suzuki M, Murai T, Kurosawa T, Tohma M, Sata M, Inoue T, Hoshiyama A, Nakashima E, Yamashita Y, Fujisawa T, Kato H. Urinary 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acids in infants with cholestasis. J Hepatol 1998; 28:270-9. [PMID: 9514540 DOI: 10.1016/0168-8278(88)80014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids have been detected in infants who ultimately died of liver disease. We used qualitative and quantitative methods to compare urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in liver disease, determining their composition and evaluating the prognostic implication in patients of various ages with various liver diseases. METHODS Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to measure 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in the urine of patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Patients with a deficiency of 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase and acute hepatic failure exhibited a significantly higher percentage of 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in total bile acids in urine than the healthy controls or other patient groups, including those with neonatal cholestasis or biliary atresia (p<0.0001). The urinary 3-oxo-delta4 bile acids in patients with 3-oxo-delta4-steroid 5beta-reductase deficiency who had a poor prognosis were mainly 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that an increase in the 7alpha-hydroxy-3-oxochol-4-en-24-oic acid and 3-oxochola-4,6-dien-24-oic acid in the urine of patients with hepatobiliary disease indicates a poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kimura
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Abstract
To investigate the association of glomerular involvement with biliary atresia, we carried out the following studies: (1) review of the clinical records of 120 patients, (2) histologic study of the kidneys obtained at autopsy from 28 patients, and (3) measurements of circulating immune complexes. Of 90 patients with adequate follow-up information, 40 (44.4%) had hematuria, proteinuria, or both. All the kidney specimens showed a wide variety of mesangial proliferation, and immunoglobulins were present in 23 of 26 cases. There was a good correlation between the glomerular alterations and the period of reduced hepatic function. When IgA was present in the mesangium, IgA2 and secretory components were detected. Elevated serum IgA and circulating IgA-containing immune complex levels were found in patients with prolonged obstructive jaundice. These findings indicate that glomerular alterations may occur subsequently in patients with biliary atresia, and that IgA of intestinal mucosal origin plays some role in the development of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ohtomo
- Department of Pediatrics, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Abstract
To assess whether clinicopathological features other than the age at operation influence prognosis after surgery for extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and to determine whether the age at referral has fallen since a previous survey, 50 consecutive cases with EHBA referred between February, 1985, and December, 1987, were reviewed. Liver or spleen size, liver function tests, or histological appearance of liver biopsy specimen before surgery were not predictive of outcome. The jaundice cleared up in 12 of 14 children operated on by age 8 weeks, but in only 13 of 36 operated on later. In 41 referral was delayed. All 25 children in whom surgery was successful are alive and well, while 13 of 25 with unsuccessful surgery have died, at a median age of 1 year. To improve the prognosis of infants with EHBA parents and health staff need a better awareness of the early clinical features of EHBA and of the necessity for prompt referral. Liver disease should be suspected in any infant jaundiced after 14 days of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mieli-Vergani
- Department of Child Health, King's College School of Medicine, Denmark Hill, London
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