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Tralongo AC, Danova M. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) and Covid-19: a double-edged sword? Infez Med 2020; 28:459-460. [PMID: 32920586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino C Tralongo
- Medical Oncology Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, ASST dei Sette Laghi, University of Pavia, Varese Italy
| | - Marco Danova
- Internal Medicine and Medical Oncology ASST di Pavia, Italy
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Carr AC, Spencer E, Das A, Meijer N, Lauren C, MacPherson S, Chambers ST. Patients Undergoing Myeloablative Chemotherapy and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Exhibit Depleted Vitamin C Status in Association with Febrile Neutropenia. Nutrients 2020; 12:E1879. [PMID: 32599718 PMCID: PMC7353216 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing myeloablative chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) experience profound neutropenia and vulnerability to infection. Previous research has indicated that patients with infections have depleted vitamin C status. In this study, we recruited 38 patients with hematopoietic cancer who were undergoing conditioning chemotherapy and HSCT. Blood samples were collected prior to transplantation, at one week, two weeks and four weeks following transplantation. Vitamin C status and biomarkers of inflammation (C-reactive protein) and oxidative stress (protein carbonyls and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) were assessed in association with febrile neutropenia. The vitamin C status of the study participants decreased from 44 ± 7 µmol/L to 29 ± 5 µmol/L by week one (p = 0.001) and 19 ± 6 µmol/L by week two (p < 0.001), by which time all of the participants had undergone a febrile episode. By week four, vitamin C status had increased to 37 ± 10 µmol/L (p = 0.1). Pre-transplantation, the cohort comprised 19% with hypovitaminosis C (i.e., <23 µmol/L) and 8% with deficiency (i.e., <11 µmol/L). At week one, those with hypovitaminosis C had increased to 38%, and at week two, 72% had hypovitaminosis C, and 34% had outright deficiency. C-reactive protein concentrations increased from 3.5 ± 1.8 mg/L to 20 ± 11 mg/L at week one (p = 0.002), and 119 ± 25 mg/L at week two (p < 0.001), corresponding to the development of febrile neutropenia in the patients. By week four, these values had dropped to 17 ± 8 mg/L (p < 0.001). There was a significant inverse correlation between C-reactive protein concentrations and vitamin C status (r = -0.424, p < 0.001). Lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)) increased significantly from 2.0 ± 0.3 µmol/L at baseline to 3.3 ± 0.6 µmol/L by week one (p < 0.001), and remained elevated at week two (p = 0.003), returning to baseline concentrations by week four (p = 0.3). Overall, the lowest mean vitamin C values (recorded at week two) corresponded with the highest mean C-reactive protein values and lowest mean neutrophil counts. Thus, depleted vitamin C status in the HSCT patients coincides with febrile neutropenia and elevated inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anitra C. Carr
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
| | - Emma Spencer
- Nutrition in Medicine Research Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
| | - Andrew Das
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
| | - Natalie Meijer
- Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; (N.M.); (C.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Carolyn Lauren
- Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; (N.M.); (C.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Sean MacPherson
- Department of Haematology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand; (N.M.); (C.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Stephen T. Chambers
- The Infection Group, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand;
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Imashioya T, Kodama Y, Ooka T, Nakagawa S, Nishikawa T, Tanabe T, Okamoto Y, Imuta N, Kirishima M, Tanimoto A, Koriyama T, Nishi J, Kawano Y. Liver abscess due to Sterigmatomyces halophilus in a boy with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J Infect Chemother 2019; 25:1047-1049. [PMID: 31196773 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2019.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of liver abscess due to Sterigmatomyces halophilus. Because this pathogen grows poorly in culture medium without added salts, it was identified by sequencing analysis targeting the rRNA gene internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. This method could be useful for pathogens that cannot be cultured using standard methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshinobu Imashioya
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yuichi Kodama
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.
| | - Tadasuke Ooka
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Nakagawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Nishikawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tanabe
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Okamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Naoko Imuta
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mari Kirishima
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- Department of Pathology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toyoyasu Koriyama
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Junichiro Nishi
- Department of Microbiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Kawano
- Department of Pediatrics, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Grateau A, Le Maréchal M, Labussière-Wallet H, Ducastelle-Leprêtre S, Nicolini FE, Thomas X, Morisset S, Michallet M, Ader F. Chronic disseminated candidiasis and acute leukemia: Impact on survival and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation agenda. Med Mal Infect 2018; 48:202-206. [PMID: 29307444 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the management of chronic disseminated candidiasis (CDC) in patients presenting with acute leukemia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Single-center retrospective study of acute leukemia patients (2006-2015) to investigate three aspects of CDC: its impact on the time interval between diagnosis and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, when required (non-parametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test); its impact on overall survival (Cox proportional hazard regression model); antifungal therapeutic strategies implemented. RESULTS A total of 639 patients presenting with acute leukemia were included; 144 were transplanted and 29 developed CDC. CDC did not significantly increase the time interval between diagnosis and transplantation, nor did it impact the overall survival of recipients. An improved overall survival was observed in non-transplanted acute leukemia patients presenting with CDC. CONCLUSION CDC should not postpone transplantation if antifungal treatment is optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grateau
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - M Le Maréchal
- Université de Lorraine, EA 4360 APEMAC, Nancy, France; Département de santé publique, CHU de Nice, Nice, France
| | - H Labussière-Wallet
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - S Ducastelle-Leprêtre
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - F-E Nicolini
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - X Thomas
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - S Morisset
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - M Michallet
- Département d'hématologie, centre hospitalier Lyon-Sud, hospices civils de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France; Département de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hospices civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - F Ader
- Département de maladies infectieuses et tropicales, hospices civils de Lyon, 69004 Lyon, France; Inserm U1111 CIRI, université Claude-Bernard-Lyon 1, Lyon, France.
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Čolović N, Arsić-Arsenijević V, Barać A, Suvajdžić N, Leković D, Tomin D. Mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia. SRP ARK CELOK LEK 2016; 144:657-660. [PMID: 29659234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Invasive fungal infection is among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden for patients with acute leukemia after induction of chemotherapy. In the past few decades, the incidence of invasive fungal infection has increased dramatically. Its management has been further complicated by the increasing frequency of infection by non-Aspergillus molds (e.g. Mucorales). Neutropenic patients are at a high risk of developing an invasive mucormycosis with fulminant course and high mortality rate (35–100%). CASE OUTLINE We are presenting the case of a 72-year-old male with an acute monoblastic leukemia. The patient was treated during five days with hydroxycarbamide 2 × 500 mg/day, followed by cytarabine 2 × 20 mg/sc over the next 10 days. He developed febrile neutropenia, headache, and edema of the right orbital region of the face. Computed tomography of the sinuses revealed shadow in sinuses with thickening of mucosa of the right paranasal sinuses. Lavage and aspirate from the sinuses revealed Rhizopus oryzae. Mucormycosis was successfully treated with amphotericin B (5 mg/kg/day) followed by ketoconazole (400 mg/day). Two months later the patient died from primary disease. CONCLUSION In patients with acute leukemia who developed aplasia, febrile neutropenia, and pain in paranasal sinuses, fungal infection should be taken into consideration. New and non-invasive methods for taking samples from sinuses should be standardized in order to establish an early and accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis with the source in paranasal sinuses, and to start early treatment by a proper antifungal drug. Clear communication between physician and mycologist is critical to ensure proper and timely sampling of lavage and aspirate from sinuses and correct specimen processing when mucormycosis is suspected clinically.
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Botten J, Beard J, Zorzi A, Thompson A. A simple intervention to improve antibiotic treatment times for neutropenic sepsis. Acute Med 2016; 15:3-6. [PMID: 27116580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with suspected Neutropenic sepsis require rapid antibiotic administration, but despite extensive education, only 67% of patients received antibiotics within 60 minutes . METHODS A Neutropenic Sepsis Alert Card was created, as a Patient Specific Directive - this allows nurses to administer antibiotics to specific patients without prior medical review. RESULTS Since the intervention, 301 patients presented with suspected neutropenic sepsis. 277 patients (92%) received their first dose of intravenous antibiotics within 1 hour of arrival into hospital, compared to 95 out of 143 patients (67%) presenting between January and June of 2014 (p=0.036). CONCLUSION The Neutropenic Sepsis Alert Card can significantly improve door to antibiotic needle time for chemotherapy patients with suspected neutropenic sepsis. This intervention is inexpensive and easily replicable in other health care organisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Botten
- Musgrove Park Hospital, Parkfield Drive, Taunton, Somerset, TA1 5AD
| | - J Beard
- Musgrove Park Hospital, Parkfield Drive, Taunton, Somerset, TA1 5AD
| | - A Zorzi
- Musgrove Park Hospital, Parkfield Drive, Taunton, Somerset, TA1 5AD
| | - A Thompson
- Musgrove Park Hospital, Parkfield Drive, Taunton, Somerset, TA1 5AD
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