1
|
Cacioppo JA, Oh SW, Kim HY, Cho J, Lin PCP, Yanagisawa M, Ko C. Loss of function of endothelin-2 leads to reduced ovulation and CL formation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e96115. [PMID: 24763822 PMCID: PMC3999112 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-2 (EDN2), a potent vasoconstrictive peptide, is transiently produced by periovulatory follicles at the time of ovulation when corpus luteum (CL) formation begins. EDN2 induces contraction of ovarian smooth muscles ex vivo via an endothelin receptor A-mediated pathway. In this study, we aimed to determine if EDN2 is required for normal ovulation and subsequent CL formation in?vivo. In the ovaries of a mouse model that globally lacks the Edn2 gene (Edn2 knockout mouse; Edn2KO), histology showed that post-pubertal Edn2KO mice possess follicles of all developmental stages, but no corpora lutea. When exogenous gonadotropins were injected to induce super-ovulation, Edn2KO mice exhibited significantly impaired ovulation and CL formation compared to control littermates. Edn2KO ovaries that did ovulate in response to gonadotropins did not contain histologically and functionally identifiable CL. Intra-ovarian injection of EDN2 peptide results suggest partial induction of ovulation in Edn2KO mice. Endothelin receptor antagonism in wild type mice similarly disrupted ovulation, CL formation, and progesterone secretion. Overall, this study suggests that EDN2 is necessary for normal ovulation and CL formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A. Cacioppo
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Sang Wook Oh
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Biology Education, Institute of Fusion Science, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Hey-young Kim
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jongki Cho
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejon, South Korea
| | - Po-Ching Patrick Lin
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Masashi Yanagisawa
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Departments of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - CheMyong Ko
- Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Affiliation(s)
- Keith L Parker
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jeyasuria P, Ikeda Y, Jamin SP, Zhao L, De Rooij DG, Themmen APN, Behringer RR, Parker KL. Cell-specific knockout of steroidogenic factor 1 reveals its essential roles in gonadal function. Mol Endocrinol 2004; 18:1610-9. [PMID: 15118069 DOI: 10.1210/me.2003-0404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Knockout (KO) mice lacking the orphan nuclear receptor steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1, officially designated Nr5a1) have a compound endocrine phenotype that includes adrenal and gonadal agenesis, impaired expression of pituitary gonadotropins, and structural abnormalities of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus. To inactivate a conditional SF-1 allele in the gonads, we targeted the expression of Cre recombinase with a knock-in allele of the anti-Müllerian hormone type 2 receptor locus. In testes, Cre was expressed in Leydig cells. The testes of adult gonad-specific SF-1 KO mice remained at the level of the bladder and were markedly hypoplastic, due at least partly to impaired spermatogenesis. Histological abnormalities of the testes were seen from early developmental stages and were associated with markedly decreased Leydig cell expression of two essential components of testosterone biosynthesis, Cyp11a and the steroidogenic acute regulatory protein. In females, the anti-Müllerian hormone type 2 receptor-Cre allele directed Cre expression to granulosa cells. Although wild-type and SF-1 KO ovaries were indistinguishable during embryogenesis and at birth, adult females were sterile and their ovaries lacked corpora lutea and contained hemorrhagic cysts resembling those in estrogen receptor alpha and aromatase KO mice. Collectively, these studies establish definitively that SF-1 expression in the gonads is essential for normal reproductive development and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pancharatnam Jeyasuria
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8857, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abstract
Cholesterol is imported and processed to provide substrate for ovarian steroidogenesis. The Niemann Pick type C-1 gene codes for a glycoprotein that processes low-density lipoproteinimported cholesterol. Mutation of this gene causes marked impairment of export of low-density lipoprotein-derived cholesterol from endosomes, and consequent lysosomal accumulation of the sterol. The BALB/c npc(nih-/-) mouse line, bearing spontaneous mutation of the NPC-1 gene, provides a model for investigation of aberrant endosomal cholesterol transfer in the ovary. Female homozygote mutant mice are infertile, with underdeveloped ovarian follicles, reduced steroidogenesis, no ovulation, and no corpora lutea. Mutant ovaries transplanted under wild-type kidney capsules display both ovulation and formation of corpora lutea. Gonadotropin treatment induces ovulation and restores expression of steroidogenic proteins. Pituitary glands of mutants are hypoplastic, and prolactin expression is dramatically reduced compared with wild-type mice. Both long and short splice variants of the dopamine-D2 receptors are overexpressed in the pituitary of BALB/c npc(nih-/-) mice. Chronic treatment of mutant mice with 17beta-estradiol restores pituitary volume, prolactin expression, and folliculogenetic capability. We conclude that inactivating mutation of Niemann Pick C-1 perturbs the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian feedback loop. Reduced estrogens attenuate prolactin expression and alter gonadotropin secretion patterns and interfere with normal ovarian follicular development and ovulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Y Gévry
- Centre de Recherche en Reproduction Animale, Faculté de Médécine Vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada J2S 7C6
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Henkes LE, Davis JS, Rueda BR. Mutant mouse models and their contribution to our knowledge of corpus luteum development, function and regression. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2003; 1:87. [PMID: 14613537 PMCID: PMC293426 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-1-87] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2003] [Accepted: 11/10/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The corpus luteum is a unique organ, which is transitory in nature. The development, maintenance and regression of the corpus luteum are regulated by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine signaling events. Defining the specific mediators of luteal development, maintenance and regression has been difficult and often perplexing due to the complexity that stems from the variety of cell types that make up the luteal tissue. Moreover, some regulators may serve dual functions as a luteotropic and luteolytic agent depending on the temporal and spatial environment in which they are expressed. As a result, some confusion is present in the interpretation of in vitro and in vivo studies. More recently investigators have utilized mutant mouse models to define the functional significance of specific gene products. The goal of this mini-review is to identify and discuss mutant mouse models that have luteal anomalies, which may provide some clues as to the significance of specific regulators of corpus luteum function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luiz E Henkes
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - John S Davis
- Olson Center for Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198; VA Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68105, USA
| | - Bo R Rueda
- Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Amiridis GS, Robertson L, Jeffcoate IA, Belibasaki S, Boyd JS, O'Shaughnessy PJ. Formation of a secondary corpus luteum after ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration in cows. Acta Vet Hung 2001; 48:193-8. [PMID: 11402702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports the observed formation of a secondary corpus luteum (CL) in the presence of the cyclic corpus luteum, on the ovaries of a cow after ultrasound-guided follicular aspiration for oocyte recovery. The secondary structure, although smaller and lighter (4.97 g vs. 6.02 g) than the natural one, had the typical macroscopic appearance of a corpus luteum. Histological examination of the structure using electron microscopy revealed typical structural features of a natural CL. Mean tissue progesterone concentration was significantly lower in the secondary CL (31.15 +/- 3.11 compared with 58.29 +/- 6.32 micrograms/g tissue of the cyclic CL) and oestradiol-17 beta significantly higher than in the natural CL (108 +/- 11.6 compared with 74.2 +/- 7.81 pg/g tissue). P450scc and P450(17 alpha) mRNA was detected in both structures while P450arom and full-length mRNA FSH receptor were detected only in the secondary structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G S Amiridis
- Department of Reproduction and Obstetrics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Thessaly, Terma Trikalon, 43100 Karditsa, Greece.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Reproductive organs from mature Small East African zebu (SEAZ) heifers and cows slaughtered at the Morogoro abattoir were collected twice a month and evaluated over a period of 12 months. Out of the 402 animals from which reproductive organs were taken, 54% were pregnant, 24% were actively cycling and 22% were non-cycling. Various gross abnormalities were observed in the reproductive organs of about 16% of the cattle, and the major reproductive abnormality in both total and the non-cycling animals was various degrees of fibrous adhesion between the ovary and the infundibulum and mesosalpinx. It is concluded that, contrary to common belief, a majority of the female SEAZ cattle that are slaughtered are fertile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Assey
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Immature female mice of the NMRI strain were treated with 20 micrograms/day of tamoxifen or vehicle for the first 3 days after birth. At 90 days of age, vaginas, uteri, and ovaries were examined histologically. A benign epithelial change, vaginal adenosis characterized by abnormal growth of columnar epithelium with glandular structures, was found in all of the tamoxifen-treated mice. Anatomic anomalies such as hypospadias, cervical hypoplasia, uterine hypoplasia, and absence of corpora lutea also were commonly observed. Such abnormalities were not found in the control mice.
Collapse
|
9
|
Apró G, Sas M. [Significance, incidence and diagnosis of luteal deficiency]. Orv Hetil 1982; 123:1909-11. [PMID: 7133686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
10
|
Jean C. [Genital malformations in adult mice resulting from prenatal estrogenic action. II. The female]. Arch Anat Microsc Morphol Exp 1968; 57:191-226. [PMID: 5753098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
|