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Reina F, Salemi G, Capizzi M, Lo Cascio S, Marino A, Santangelo G, Santangelo A, Mineri M, Brighina F, Raieli V, Costa CA. Orofacial Migraine and Other Idiopathic Non-Dental Facial Pain Syndromes: A Clinical Survey of a Social Orofacial Patient Group. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:6946. [PMID: 37887684 PMCID: PMC10606289 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20206946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Background: Orofacial pain syndromes (OFPs) are a heterogeneous group of syndromes mainly characterized by painful attacks localized in facial and oral structures. According to the International Classification of Orofacial Pain (ICOP), the last three groups (non-dental facial pain, NDFP) are cranial neuralgias, facial pain syndromes resembling primary headache syndromes, and idiopathic orofacial pain. These are often clinical challenges because the symptoms may be similar or common among different disorders. The diagnostic efforts often induce a complex diagnostic algorithm and lead to several imaging studies or specialized tests, which are not always necessary. The aim of this study was to describe the encountered difficulties by these patients during the diagnostic-therapeutic course. Methods: This study was based on the responses to a survey questionnaire, administered to an Italian Facebook Orofacial Patient Group, searching for pain characteristics and diagnostic-therapeutic care courses. The questionnaire was filled out by patients affected by orofacial pain, who were 18 years and older, using a free online tool available on tablets, smartphones, and computers. Results: The sample was composed of 320 subjects (244F/76M), subdivided by age range (18-35 ys: 17.2%; 36-55 ys: 55.0%; >55 ys 27.8%). Most of the patients were affected by OFP for more than 3 years The sample presented one OFP diagnosis in 60% of cases, more than one in 36.2% of cases, and 3.8% not classified. Trigeminal neuralgia is more represented, followed by cluster headaches and migraines. About 70% had no pain remission, showing persisting background pain (VAS median = 7); autonomic cranial signs during a pain attack ranged between 45 and 65%. About 70% of the subjects consulted at least two different specialists. Almost all received drug treatment, about 25% received four to nine drug treatments, 40% remained unsatisfied, and almost 50% received no pharmacological treatment, together with drug therapy. Conclusion: To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study on an OFP population not selected by a third-level specialized center. The authors believe this represents a realistic perspective of what orofacial pain subjects suffer during their diagnostic-therapeutic course and the medical approach often results in unsatisfactory outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Reina
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (S.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Salemi
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Mariarita Capizzi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (S.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Salvatore Lo Cascio
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (S.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Marino
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit Department, Pro.M.I.S.E. “G D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (F.R.); (M.C.); (S.L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Giuseppe Santangelo
- Child Neuropsychiatry Department, ISMEP—ARNAS Civico Palermo, via dei Benedettini 1, 90100 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Andrea Santangelo
- Pediatric Neurology, Pediatric Department, AOUP Santa Chiara Hospital, 56121 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Mirko Mineri
- Pain Management Department, Humanitas, 95045 Catania, Italy; (M.M.); (C.A.C.)
| | - Filippo Brighina
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences, University of Palermo, 90100 Palermo, Italy; (G.S.); (F.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Raieli
- Child Neuropsychiatry Department, ISMEP—ARNAS Civico Palermo, via dei Benedettini 1, 90100 Palermo, Italy;
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Abstract
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias (TACs) include a spectrum of primary headache syndromes associated with cranial autonomic dysfunction. Other types of headache and facial pain syndromes can be associated with marked localized facial or ear autonomic changes. We report on a group of patients suffering from episodic migraine with cranial autonomic features, patients with different presentations of the ‘red ear syndrome’ (RES), cluster headache with prominent lower facial involvement and crossover cases. In our experience crossover between TACs and migraine, RES and cluster headache is not uncommon. We propose that all these conditions belong to the same group and a unifying causative mechanism is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Al-Din
- Neurosciences Department, Pinderfields General Hospital, Wakefield, UK
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Vedvyas C, Urbanek RW. Hemifacial atrophy. Dermatol Online J 2013; 19:20717. [PMID: 24365008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the case of a 44-year-old woman with a one-year history of en coup de sabre morphea and progressive hemifacial atrophy with ipsilateral hemifacial neuralgia, migraine, and contralateral neurologic abnormalities. While rare, Parry-Romberg syndrome typically presents in the first or second decade of life; this patient's case is unusual in that the onset of her disease is demonstrated at age 43. Common clinical features, laboratory findings, and pathogenetic theories are discussed.
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Abstract
Otalgia, pain in the ear, can be a consequence of otologic disease (primary or otogenic otalgia), or can arise from pathologic processes and structures other than the ear (secondary or referred otalgia). In children, ear disease is far and away the most common cause of otalgia, but in adults, secondary or referred otalgia is more common. Otalgia can be the only presenting symptom of several serious conditions, and its etiology should be fully explored. Unfortunately, its workup is complex and no simple algorithm exists. This article outlines the common causes, presentation, and treatment options for primary and secondary otalgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan E Neilan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9035, USA
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Olszewska-Ziaber A, Ziaber J, Rysz J. [Atypical facial pains--sluder's neuralgia--local treatment of the sphenopalatine ganglion with phenol--case report]. Otolaryngol Pol 2007; 61:319-21. [PMID: 17847789 DOI: 10.1016/s0030-6657(07)70434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
AIM Chronic reccuring head and facial pain can be very difficult for successful treatment. Such a pain can be in some rare cases Sluder's sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia. The aim of the study was to obtain the pain relief by local treatment in patients with Sluder's sphenopalatine ganglion neuralgia. METHODS We described three cases of Sluder's neuralgia among all the seventeen patients with reccuring head and face pain that were seen in our department. In all these cases 4% Xylocaine was applied intranasally, into the region of shenopalatine ganglion, behind the posterior tip of the middle turbinate four times for ten minutes. According to Kern, the diagnosis of Sluder's neuralgia was confirmed only in cases where local anesthetic block of the sphenopaltine ganglion was successful. It means the patients were pain-free for at least an hour after application of Xylocaine, so they were qualified for phenolization and 88% phenol was applied on the cotton carriers (number of the applications depended on the patient). RESULTS The total relief of pain of different duration was obtained in all the presented cases. CONCLUSION The relief of pain obtained by intranasal phenolization of sphenopalatine ganglion in three patients shows it could be the effective treatment of Sluder's neuralgia. The patients were totally free from the pain and accompanying symptoms like nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, epiphora or conjunctivitis. The relief period was different but the patients were satisfied with the effectiveness and simplicity of the treatment. They did not need to take the additional medications for months and were able to continue work.
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Kapralova TS. [Physiotherapy of myofascial syndrome complicated with lumbal dorsopathy]. Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult 2007:28. [PMID: 18274116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
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Brinkers M, Petz T, Voigt A, Steinig B, Hoffmeyer D. Kasuistik: Atypische Neuroleptika in der Therapie des idiopathischen Gesichtsschmerzes - Zwei Fallberichte. Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther 2007; 42:606-10. [PMID: 17786865 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-990208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The criteria for the diagnosis of the atypical facial neuralgia make it is possible to classify under this neurological diagnosis also psychiatric disorders as conasthetic depression. In two case reports it is told about patients with both diagnosis. Due to this they were treated with an atypical neurolepticum (Olanzapine) to reach three targets: Therapy of the depression, pain i.e. atypical facial neuralgia and mood stabilizing. Within the last four years there were no side-effects as EPMS to observe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brinkers
- Schmerzambulanz der Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universität Magdeburg, Germany.
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Zidane W, Wassima Z, Laissaoui K, Amal S, Sbaï K, Kissani N. [Naevus of Ota and idiopathic facial neuralgia: association or coincidence?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2007; 134:77-8. [PMID: 17384554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
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Kalkişim C, Ozkul MD, Cukurova I, Arslan IB. [Arterial blood gas abnormalities during attacks of dizziness]. Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg 2007; 17:143-7. [PMID: 17873504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated arterial blood gas abnormalities in patients presenting with dizziness. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 58 patients (39 females, 19 males; mean age 46 years; range 22 to 74 years) who presented during attacks of dizziness. The duration of vertigo complaints ranged from one day to 30 years. Arterial gas measurements were performed at presentation and one month after treatment. The patients were examined in five groups according to the diagnoses: Meniere's disease (n=14), benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (n=13), vertebrobasilar insufficiency (n=12), vestibular neuritis (n=4), and craniocervical myofascial syndromes (n=15). RESULTS At presentation, pH was low (acidosis) in two patients (3.5%), and high (alkalosis) in 15 patients (25.9%). After treatment, all abnormal pH values returned to normal. Twenty-four patients had high or low HCO3- values. High HCO3- values persisted in three patients together with dizziness. Patients with vestibular neuritis had significantly higher PO2 values compared to those with craniocervical myofascial syndrome and vertebrobasilar insufficiency (p<0.05). However, one month after treatment, there were no significant differences between five groups with respect to PO2 levels (p>0.05). Consecutive blood gas measurements did not differ significantly within each diagnosis group (p>0.05). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that arterial blood gas abnormalities may be related to vertigo attacks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celal Kalkişim
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
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Abstract
Occipital neuralgia is a pain syndrome which may usually be induced by spasms of the cervical muscles or trauma to the greater or lesser occipital nerves. We report a patient with occipital neuralgia followed by facial herpes lesion. A 74-year-old male experienced sudden-onset severe headache in the occipital area. The pain was localized to the distribution of the right side of the greater occipital nerve, and palpation of the right greater occipital nerve reproduces the pain. He was diagnosed with occipital neuralgia according to ICHD-II criteria. A few days later, the occipital pain was followed by reddening of the skin and the appearance, of varying size, of vesicles on the right side of his face (the maxillary nerve and the mandibular nerve region). This was diagnosed as herpes zoster. This case represents a combination of facial herpes lesions and pain in the C2 and C3 regions. The pain syndromes can be confusing, and the classic herpes zoster infection should be considered even when no skin lesions are established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kihara
- Department of Neuroscience for Drug Discovery, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Shimoadachi-cho 46-29, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Haanpää M, Truini A. Neuropathic facial pain. Suppl Clin Neurophysiol 2006; 58:153-70. [PMID: 16623329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maija Haanpää
- Pain Clinic, Department of Neurosurgery, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
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Abstract
Trigeminal neuralgia is the most common craniofacial pain syndrome of neuropathic origin. Although the diagnosis remains based exclusively on history and symptomatology, modern diagnostic techniques, particularly high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging, provides valuable new insight into the pathophysiology of these cases with additional implications for therapeutic strategies. Other neuropathic syndromes affect the trigeminal nerve and warrant different treatments with varied rates of success. Rarely, neuralgias of other cranial nerves mimic trigeminal neuralgia. Finally, it is imperative to distinguish atypical facial pains from these neuropathic syndromes to avoid unsuccessful therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Jeffrey Elias
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 S.W. Sam Jackson Park Road, L472, Portland, OR 97201-3098, USA
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Kissani N, Belaidi H, Ouazzani R, Chkili T. [Flat angioma and idiopathic facial neuralgia. Association or coincidence?]. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2001; 128:1350-1. [PMID: 11908144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Abstract
Patients who experience chronic recurring head and face pain present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Treatment options for Sluder's neuralgia, an uncommon cause for recurring head and face pain, are controversial. We reviewed the outcomes of patients who underwent intranasal phenolization of the sphenopalatine ganglion for the treatment of Sluder's neuralgia. Eight patients were treated with intranasal cauterization of the sphenopalatine ganglion between 1990 and 1995. Patients were treated an average of 13 times. Overall, patients experienced a 90% decrease in head and face pain for an average of 9.5 months duration. Interestingly, the patients described recurrent pain as less severe, less frequent, and of shorter duration. Intranasal phenolization of the sphenopalatine ganglion appears to be a safe and effective, although temporary, treatment for patients with Sluder's neuralgia. This article will review the symptomatology, differential diagnosis, and phenolization technique for treatment of Sluder's neuralgia.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Puig
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
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Abstract
Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia is an uncommon craniofacial pain syndrome that is occasionally associated with cardiac syncope. Involvement of the glossopharyngeal nerve may be painless or may be marked by true episodic neuralgia, and this justifies the term neuralgia reported here. We present 5 cases of this uncommon syndrome, of a total of 15 observed cases of glossopharyngeal neuralgia, successfully treated by section of the rootlets of Cranial Nerves IX and X or by microvascular decompression in the posterior cranial fossa. We also analyze the relevant literature and discuss the pathogenesis and treatment of the syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ferrante
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Neurosurgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy
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Abstract
Pain about the bridge of the nose is often a diagnostic dilemma. There is an important recognizable subgroup who may, as a consequence of involvement of the external nasal nerve in nasal injury, exhibit neuralgic pain after a latent interval. Temporary relief by anaesthesia can be achieved and cure is possible by division of the anterior ethmoidal nerve. This rare cause of facial pain is presented using two illustrative cases.
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Bellotti C, Medina M, Oliveri G, Ettorre F, Barrale S, Sturiale C, Melcarne A. Neuralgia of the intermediate nerve combined with trigeminal neuralgia: case report. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1988; 91:142-3. [PMID: 2457298 DOI: 10.1007/bf01424571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
An unusual case of a combination of trigeminal and intermediate nerve neuralgia is presented, caused by vascular compression of both of the nerve roots by different vessels. Because the neuralgia of the intermediate nerve could be cured by a vascular decompression operation, it is suggested to include it among the hyperactive dysfunction syndromes of cranial nerves caused by vascular compression at the root entry zone of the nerves. Therefore also for treatment of this neuralgia the non-destructive vascular decompression operation should be taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bellotti
- Neurosurgery Division, Ospedale Civile S. Croce, Cuneo, Italy
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Terrahe K. [The cervico-cranial syndrome in the practice of the otorhinolaryngologist]. Laryngol Rhinol Otol (Stuttg) 1985; 64:292-9. [PMID: 4033308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The craniocervical syndrome is an entity whose symptoms: vertigo, cephalea, tinnitus, facial pain, otalgia, dysphagia, pain of the carotid artery are thought to be caused by cervical factors. In the majority of cases the cranio-cervical syndrome is caused by a spondylarthrogenic segmental dysfunction whose pathophysiology is explained. In the pathogenesis lesions of the joints of the skull which may be responsible for pain and dysfunction in the segmental areas are of great importance. The neurology of the joints of the skull, as well as the pathological mechanisms of spondylarthrogenic disturbances, responsible for the different kinds of dysfunction of the equilibrium and for cephalea are discussed. The pathophysiological basis of manual diagnosis is explained; also the radiological findings of the upper cervical vertebral column are principally discussed. A short review of therapeutic recommendations is given.
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Gibilisco JA. Management of temporomandibular joint disorders associated with systemic disease. Dent Clin North Am 1983; 27:457-78. [PMID: 6578960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Nolph MB, Dion MW. Raeder's syndrome associated with internal carotid artery dilation and sinusitis. Laryngoscope 1982; 92:1144-8. [PMID: 7132515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Raeder's syndrome consists of ipsilateral ptosis, miosis and facial pain with intact facial sweating. When not associated with other neurologic signs, the clinical course of this conditions is self-limited. Patients will have resolution of facial pain but persistence of miosis and ptosis. Treatment is symptomatic with arteriography reserved for those patients with protracted symptoms or atypical presentations. A case of Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome is presented with abnormal dilation of the subcavernous portion of the internal carotid artery thought to be secondary to inflammation of the adjacent sphenoid sinus. Facial pain and the abnormal dilation of the carotid artery resolved, but miosis and ptosis persisted. Because of the therapeutic indication and prognostic value, an awareness of Raeder's syndrome is stressed when evaluating patients with facial pain or possible Horner's syndrome.
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Abstract
Chronic Aspergillus meningitis and cerebral vasculitis occurred in a 67-year-old man. He experienced periorbital pain that increased in severity during a ten-month period. Although no focal neurologic deficits were initially present, oculosympathetic paresis, corneal hypesthesia, and optic neuropathy developed. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of paratrigeminal syndrome with optic neuropathy due to aspergillosis. The case was also unusual because it was chronic and there was no extracerebral infection or predisposing factors, such as underlying malignancy or collagen vascular disease.
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Haller P. [Headaches. Differential diagnosis and therapy]. ZFA (Stuttgart) 1982; 58:383-9. [PMID: 7090511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Rao VA, Srinivasan R. Raeder's paratrigeminal syndrome. Indian J Ophthalmol 1981; 29:59-61. [PMID: 7287130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Eadie MJ. Chronic facial pain. Aust Fam Physician 1980; 9:353-7. [PMID: 7406770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The diagnosis of the cause of facial pain can be made clinically in the great majority of cases, if the physician is aware of the gamut of manifestations of the various disorders which may produce the symptom. Therapeutic tests are sometimes helpful in diagnosis, but extensive ancillary investigation often is unnecessary. The management of facial pain is one area of medicine in which the knowledgeable clinician can more than hold his own with the contemporary proliferation of specialized investigational tools.
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Abstract
Cryotherapy has been clinically applied to relieve pain using a new cryosurgical probe to block peripheral nerve function to achieve analgesia. Sixty-four patients with intractable pain were treated with cryoanalgesia. Fifty-two obtained relief of pain for a median duration of 11 days and a range of up to 224 days.
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Schwartz JN, Cashwell F, Hawkins HK, Klintworth GK. Necrotizing retinopathy with herpes zoster ophthalmicus: a light and electron microscopical study. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1976; 100:386-91. [PMID: 180930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A necrotizing retinopathy following a vesicular cutaneous eruption in the distribution of the right trigeminal nerve developed in a patient who had been receiving systemic corticosteroid therapy one week prior to the onset of herpes zoster ophthalmicus. Seven weeks after the herpetic symptoms began, the patient died of pneumonia following an intracerebral hematoma. At postmortem examination, unexpected multiple focal and confluent lesions, which corresponded to areas of extensive retinal necrosis, were observed in the fundus of the right eye. Intranuclear inclusions with a perinuclear halo were identified within the affected sensory retina. Electron microscopy of the retinal lesions disclosed round to oval enveloped viral particles that were characteristic of the herpes viruses. A mild lymphocytic infiltrate was evident in a demyelinated right Gasserian ganglion. Demyelination and necrosis of the right trigeminal sensory tract and adjacent areas were evident within the brain stem.
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Alling CC, Burton HN. Diagnosis of chronic maxillofacial pain. Ala J Med Sci 1973; 10:71-82. [PMID: 4703039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Grunert V. [Surgical treatment of combined trigeminal and glossopharyngeal neuralgia]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1971; 83:925-6. [PMID: 5134522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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30
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Ekbom K, Lindahl J. [A patient with Horton's syndrome and angina pectoris. Clinical and physiological observations]. Nord Med 1971; 86:1322-3. [PMID: 5117799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Seltzer AP. Facial pain. J Natl Med Assoc 1971; 63:354-6. [PMID: 5121152 PMCID: PMC2608624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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MacGregor JM. Some ophthalmological aspects of headache. S Afr Med J 1971; 45:406-7. [PMID: 5579348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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Dahl E. [Neurological aspects of jaw and facial pains]. Nor Tannlaegeforen Tid 1970; 80:830-7. [PMID: 5275721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Litwiński T, Cislo M. [Ramsay-Hunt syndrome]. Przegl Dermatol 1969; 56:203-6. [PMID: 5790578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Facial pain and depression. Br Med J 1967; 1. [PMID: 6016580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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