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Hanafy MM, Lindeque JZ, El-Maraghy SA, Abdel-Hamid AHZ, Shahin NN. Time-based investigation of urinary metabolic markers for Type 2 diabetes: Metabolomics approach for diabetes management. Biofactors 2021; 47:645-657. [PMID: 33836111 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes is considered one of the most important health emergencies worldwide and Egypt has 8.2 million diabetic patients according to the International Diabetes Federation report in 2017. The objective of this study was to monitor the time-course variation in the metabolic profile of diabetic rats to detect urinary metabolic biomarkers using the metabolomics approach. Type 2 diabetes was induced in male Wistar albino rats using a single intraperitoneal injection of 40 mg/kg of streptozotocin following oral administration of 10% fructose in drinking water for 3 weeks. Then, urine was collected for 24 h from rats at three time points (0, 2, and 4 weeks after confirmation of diabetes), and were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (H1 -NMR), followed by multivariate data analysis. The results from H1 -NMR pointed out that d-glucose, taurine, l-carnitine, l-fucose, 1,5-anhydrosorbitol, and d-galactose levels showed consistent significant variation (p < 0.05) between the positive (diabetic) and negative (normal) controls during the whole experimental period. Also, with the disease progression, myoinositol, and l-phenylalanine levels were significantly altered (p < 0.05) after 2 weeks and this alteration was maintained till the end of the 4-week experimental period in the positive control group. From the results of the present study, it could be concluded that we cannot depend only on glucose levels for prognostic purposes since there are other metabolic disturbances in diabetes which need to be tracked for better disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moataz M Hanafy
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jeremie Z Lindeque
- Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Shohda A El-Maraghy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Hamid Z Abdel-Hamid
- Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nancy N Shahin
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Maekawa M. [Urinary free fucose (UFC) and urinary sulfated bile acids (USBA)]. Nihon Rinsho 2010; 68 Suppl 7:814-817. [PMID: 20960878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masato Maekawa
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine
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3
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Mashige F. [Urinary free L-fucose (UFC) and urinary sulfated bile acids (U-SBA)]. Nihon Rinsho 2005; 63 Suppl 8:774-8. [PMID: 16149638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Mashige
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University
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4
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Tsiafoulis CG, Prodromidis MI, Karayannis MI. Development of an amperometric biosensing method for the determination of L-fucose in pretreated urine. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 20:620-7. [PMID: 15494247 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2003] [Revised: 03/10/2004] [Accepted: 03/10/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The first amperometric biosensing method for the determination of L-fucose is described. L-Fucose is the objective of much current research, as it is considered as a potential marker for various pathologic disorders. Recombinant L-fucose dehydrogenase, having as cofactor beta-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAD+P), was cross-linked in a water-soluble photosensitive polymer matrix, that is, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) modified with styrylpyridinium (SbQ), in the presence of BSA and glutaraldehyde. The resulting membrane was sandwiched between two polycarbonate membranes and was mounted in an amperometric cell. The oxidation of the enzymatically produced NADPH was monitored at a platinum anode at +0.25 V versus a silver pseudoreference electrode in the presence of ferricyanide. The system was fully optimized with respect to various analytical parameters. Regarding to the mechanical properties of the membrane and the storage stability of the immobilized enzyme, various parameters were also optimized. Several methods for the pretreatment of urine samples were investigated. Treatment of the samples with PbO2 found to eliminate the interference effect of various electroactive species exist in urine; optimum incubation time was determined since at prolonged incubation times L-fucose is also affected. Calibration curves for the direct and the mediated monitoring of NADPH were liner over the concentration ranges 0.04-1.0 mM (r2=0.9995) and 0.03-3.0 mM (r2=0.9997) fucose, respectively. The detection limits (S/N 3) were 2 and 1.5 microM fucose, respectively. The R.S.D. of the mediated biosensor is better than 1.5% (n=10, 0.5 mM fucose). The proposed biosensor correlates well with a reference enzymatic method and exhibits very good working and storage stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantinos G Tsiafoulis
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Ioannina, Dourouti, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
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Sathish Kumar N, Eapen CE, Jeyamani R, Balasubramanian KA. Serum and urinary fucose concentrations in Hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and acute liver diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2004; 342:233-5. [PMID: 15026286 DOI: 10.1016/j.cccn.2003.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2003] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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6
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Takubo T, Aoyama Y, Nakamae H, Tanaka K, Ohta K, Yamane T, Hino M. Combination assay of urinary free L-fucose and trypsin inhibitor may be useful indicators of disease activity in patients with hematologic malignancies. Leuk Lymphoma 2002; 43:2241-3. [PMID: 12533057 DOI: 10.1080/1042819021000032944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
L-Fucose is a monosaccharide located at the non-reducing ends of sugar chains of glycoconjugates. Urinary L-fucose (U-FC) is excreted as free L-fucose, and clinically useful as a tumor marker of digestive organ cancers. We evaluated the clinical usefulness of U-FC levels in patients with various hematologic malignancies because U-FC for hematologic malignancies has only rarely been described. The mean U-FC levels in the acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative disorders (MPD) groups were significantly higher than in the control group (P < 0.05). Recently, we reported that urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI) levels in patients with ANLL, MDS, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma were significantly elevated, compared with those in healthy adult volunteers. Noninvasive combination assays of UTI and U-FC may have a higher accuracy in diagnosis of ANLL and MDS than those of UTI or U-FC alone. UTI and U-FC combination assays, noninvasive for patients, could be expanded as useful indicators in hematologic malignancies.
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7
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Mashige F. [Free L-fucose (UFC) and sulfated bile acids in urine (U-SBA)]. Nihon Rinsho 1999; 57 Suppl:597-601. [PMID: 10778201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Mashige
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tokyo University Hospital
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8
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Liu H, Deng X, Fang W. [A study on the spectra of L-fucose]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi 1998; 18:516-518. [PMID: 15825357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concentration of L-fucose will extraordinarily increase in urine in patients with early stage of cancer. It seems that this is a significant clue for early phase diagnosis of cancer. Unfortunately the sensitive detection of L-fucose is difficult. Thus we carried out researches on IR-spectrum, Raman spectrum, ultraviolet absorption spectrum and ultraviolet fluorescence spectrum. We compared the results from patients and healthy subjects. It is confirmed that the spectroscopic method, especially ultraviolet fluorescence spectrophotometry, may be suitable for early stage screening of some kinds of cancer. This test is rapid, inexpensive and painless.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Liu
- Beijing Normal University, Department of Physics, 100875 Beijing
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9
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Yamaguchi S. [Fucosidosis]. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu 1998:460-2. [PMID: 9645110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Yamaguchi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Saitama Children's Medical Center
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Aman P, Pettersson D, Zhang JX, Tidehag P, Hallmans G. Starch and dietary fiber components are excreted and degraded to variable extents in ileostomy subjects consuming mixed diets with wheat- or oat-bran bread. J Nutr 1995; 125:2341-7. [PMID: 7666251 DOI: 10.1093/jn/125.9.2341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The study was conducted to determine if the excretion of starch and dietary fiber components varies in ileostomy subjects consuming diets high or low in dietary fiber. Excretion of starch, enzyme-resistant starch and dietary fiber components was studied in nine human subjects with ileostomies, who consumed (in a crossover design) a wheat bread-based diet (daily intake 274 g starch, 2.4 g enzyme-resistant starch and 14.4 g total dietary fiber) and a high fiber diet based on oat-bran bread (daily intake 243 g starch, 2.7 g enzyme-resistant starch and 40.2 g total dietary fiber). Food and excreta were collected on d 3 and 17. No significant differences in excretion of starch, enzyme-resistant starch or dietary fiber components were found on these 2 d in each dietary period. When subjects consumed the wheat bread-based diet they excreted (mean +/- SD) 3.3 +/- 1.7 g starch and 2.4 +/- 0.4 g enzyme-resistant starch daily, whereas when consuming the oat bran-based diet they excreted 4.5 +/- 3.1 g starch and 2.5 +/- 0.4 g enzyme-resistant starch. During both dietary periods subjects excreted significantly greater amounts of certain dietary fiber polysaccharide residues (fucose, galactose and uronic acid) than they ingested. This indicates a contribution of endogenous and/or microbial material to the dietary fiber value in ileostomy effluents. However, significantly less excretion of some dietary fiber polysaccharide residues, especially glucose residues, during the oat-bran bread-based dietary period was also noted. This was presumably caused by a degradation of mixed-linked (1,3),(1,4)-beta-D-glucans.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Aman
- Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala
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Yamauchi M, Kimura K, Maezawa Y, Ohata M, Mizuhara Y, Hirakawa J, Nakajima H, Toda G. Urinary level of L-fucose as a marker of alcoholic liver disease. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1993; 17:268-71. [PMID: 8488966 DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1993.tb00761.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The urinary levels of L-fucose were measured in 93 alcoholics; 20 of these were without liver disease, 57 with noncirrhotic alcoholic liver disease, and 16 with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. In addition, patients with cirrhosis due to viral infection, and healthy subjects were evaluated. The mean urinary L-fucose concentration showed significantly higher values in patients with alcoholic liver disease and alcoholic liver cirrhosis when compared with the healthy subjects or the chronic alcoholics without liver disease (p < 0.001). The urinary L-fucose level was also significantly higher (p < 0.001) in cases of alcoholic liver cirrhosis than in noncirrhotic alcoholic liver disease (384 +/- 97 vs. 240 +/- 95 mumol/g of creatinine). No difference was observed between the healthy subjects and chronic alcoholics without liver disease (143 +/- 29 vs. 155 +/- 60 mumol/g of creatinine). The urinary level of L-fucose was significantly higher with alcoholic cirrhosis (384 +/- 97 mumol/g of creatinine) than with viral cirrhosis (265 +/- 42 mumol/g of creatinine) (p < 0.001). The measurement of urinary L-fucose may be a useful marker of alcoholic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamauchi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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12
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Volkov EI. [Level of certain carbohydrate components in blood serum and urine of patients stomach and duodenal ulcer patients in the late post-vagotomy period]. Vopr Med Khim 1993; 39:55-6. [PMID: 8498072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Estimation of protein-bound hexoses, fucose and sialic acids in the blood and urine of 64 patients with gastroduodenal ulcers within later periods after various types of gastric vagotomy showed that the denervation inhibited the protective barrier of gastric and duodenal mucosal membrane. Protective functions of gastroduodenal mucosal membrane were most distinctly inhibited after selective proximal vagotomy which may be responsible for higher amounts of recurrences of ulcerous disease after this type of vagotomy than other types of denervation.
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13
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Araki E, Kamiya K, Kawauchi A, Koike T, Takatsuka J, Takeuchi S, Namba M, Shida S, Ishiguro T, Tomoyoshi T. [Clinical assessment of urinary free L-fucose levels]. Rinsho Byori 1992; 40:868-74. [PMID: 1404961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We measured urinary levels of free L-fucose in healthy subjects, patients with benign diseases, and patients with cancer using an automated analyzer and a newly isolated L-fucose dehydrogenase, and evaluated the clinical usefulness of the results. The values obtained were corrected for urinary creatinine as micromoles per gram of creatinine. The cutoff value, set at the mean + 2SD for the healthy subjects, was 250 mumol/g.Cr. Patients with gallbladder cancer, bile-duct cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, or cirrhosis of the liver had significantly higher levels of L-fucose than the healthy subjects. The diagnostic sensitivity for these five diseases, taken together, was 68% (144/213). Specificity for the detection of cancer was calculated by use of false positives for patients with cholelithiasis, hepatitis, and pancreatitis: it was 73% (76/104). Diagnostic accuracy for these seven diseases taken together was therefore 69% (220/317). We compared the positive ratio of the L-fucose level with that of the tumor markers AFD and CA19-9. The positive ratio of an L-fucose value above the cutoff was higher than the positive ratio of either marker in bile-duct cancer, gallbladder cancer, liver cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The results suggested that the urinary levels of free L-fucose reflected the metabolism of sugar chains of glycoconjugates, and may be usefully clinically as a tumor marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Araki
- Clinical Laboratory, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo
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Suzuki J, Kondo A, Kato I, Hase S, Ikenaka T. Assay of urinary free fucose by fluorescence labeling and high-performance liquid chromatography. Clin Chem 1992; 38:752-5. [PMID: 1582029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The concentrations of free fucose and other sugars in urine of cancer patients and healthy subjects were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography. After the urine samples were dried, we coupled the sugars in the residue with 2-aminopyridine to be detected as fluorescent derivatives. We then analyzed the pyridylamino derivatives of the sugars with an anion-exchange column and borate buffer. The difference between cancer patients and healthy subjects for the mean concentrations of fucose corrected for creatinine was significant (P less than 0.001). We checked the relationship between the concentrations of other sugars and the presence of cancer. This method is highly sensitive, and neither a cleanup procedure before labeling nor purification before injection into the column is needed. Not only fucose but also other sugars can be detected simultaneously, so this method should be useful for studying any changes in sugars in urine in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Suzuki
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Shiga, Japan
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Michalski JC, Wieruszeski JM, Alonso C, Cache P, Montreuil J, Strecker G. Characterization and 400-MHz 1H-NMR analysis of urinary fucosyl glycoasparagines in fucosidosis. Eur J Biochem 1991; 201:439-58. [PMID: 1935941 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1991.tb16302.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Fucosyl glycoasparagines accumulating in the urine of a patient with fucosidosis were isolated using reverse-phase HPLC. Structural analysis of 25 glycoasparagines was carried out by combination of methylation and 400-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy analyses. The compounds represent different steps in the incomplete catabolism of N-glycosidically linked glycans, as the result of an alpha-L-fucosidase deficiency. All of the glycoasparagines possess a fucose residue alpha-1,6-linked to the GlcNAc 1 residue attached to asparagine. Fucose residues on the peripheral branches were linked either alpha-1,3 to GlcNAc residues (X determinant) or alpha-1,2 to galactose residues (H determinant). The present study allows precise assignments of the NMR parameters for most of the fucosyl linkages occurring in N-glycosidically linked glycans of the N-acetyllactosamine type.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Michalski
- Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Lille Flandres-Artois, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Sakai T, Yamamoto K, Yokota H, Hakozaki-Usui K, Hino F, Kato I. Rapid, simple enzymatic assay of free L-fucose in serum and urine, and its use as a marker for cancer, cirrhosis, and gastric ulcers. Clin Chem 1990; 36:474-6. [PMID: 2311216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We devised a kit for use with automated analyzers, for assay of urinary free L-fucose by means of a newly isolated L-fucose dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.122), and we measured L-fucose in healthy subjects, cancer patients, and patients with other diseases. It takes 10 min to complete one assay. Absorbance and L-fucose concentration were linearly related up to at least 3.0 mmol/L, analytical recovery was 90-104%, and intra- and interassay coefficients of variation were less than 4.2% and 7.8%, respectively. The concentrations of L-fucose, corrected for creatinine, were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects in nine of 18 patients with gastric ulcers, 19 of 21 patients with cirrhosis of the liver, and 206 of 366 patients with some type of cancer, reflecting a changed L-fucose metabolism. Because urine specimens are analyzed and the test is rapid and inexpensive, this method may be suitable for mass screening for some kinds of cancer, cirrhosis, and gastric ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Sakai
- Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd., Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Shiga, Japan
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17
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Sakai T, Yamamoto K, Hino F, Kato I. [Clinical significance of L-fucose assay as a tumor marker]. Nihon Rinsho 1990; 48 Suppl:1025-7. [PMID: 2355500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Sakai
- Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd
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Sirotkin EA, Rabinovich PD, Egorova MF. [Indicators of carbohydrate-containing biopolymers in children and adults with peptic ulcer and in their relatives]. Pediatriia 1984:37-40. [PMID: 6483544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Rabinovich PD, Domracheva NI. [Characteristics of the fucoglycoproteins in Buryats]. Genetika 1982; 18:668-673. [PMID: 7200928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The peptic ulcer is observed among the Transbaikalian Buryats 3 to 4 times less frequently than among the Russians living in the same environments. The national difference in the frequency of this disease is determined genetically. Revealing its cause is the most perspective way to determine the mechanism of the hereditary predisposition to the peptic ulcer. For this purpose, the Buryats and the Russians were investigated for peculiarities of fucoglycoproteids (FGP), the main chemical protective agents of gastroduodenal system. The blood group, the presence of antigenic properties of ABH(0) system, fucosuria as the intensity index of the secretion have been determined. It was found that the Buryats have the A (II) blood group less frequently than the Russians. Inability to secrete the "A" group FGP (which prevents the peptic ulcer development) into the mucus was observed more frequently for the Buryats. the quantity of the fucose discharged by the Buryats in the urine is twice as much as that discharged by the Russians. The results obtained suggest that the rare occurrence of the peptic ulcer among the Buryats is due to the excessive formation of FGPs, which compensates the defects of quality.
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Brunngraber EG, Davis LG, Rieser C, Reddy MV. Urinary glycoconjugates in schizophrenic patients. Biol Psychiatry 1981; 16:741-51. [PMID: 7284509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The level of glycoconjugates excreted in the urine of five schizophrenic patients was compared to that excreted by six controls. Urinary samples were fractionated by means of gel filtration and anion exchange chromatography to yield (i) fraction I consisting of basic, neutral, or slightly acidic glycopeptides and/or oligosaccharides, (ii) fraction II consisting of acidic glycopeptides and/or oligosaccharides, and (iii) fraction III consisting of glycosaminoglycans (acidic mucopolysaccharides). The hexose levels of fraction II (p less than 0.05) and uronate levels of fraction III (p less than 0.025) were significantly reduced in schizophrenic patients. The ratio of galactose/mannose in the glycoconjugates of fraction II was lower than normal in the urine from schizophrenic patients. Significantly (p less than 0.05) lower levels of rhamnose and higher levels of fucose were found in the glycoconjugates of fraction I from schizophrenic patients. Contrary to a previous report, we found no evidence for the presence of an abnormally elevated rhamnose-containing glycoprotein or glycoconjugate in fraction II. I appears that the pattern of metabolism of glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans in schizophrenic patients deviates from the normal.
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Abstract
To elucidate precise chemical nature of urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG), GAG in the seven major acidic subfractions in a previous paper (Endo et al. 1980a) were analyzed for the chemical compositions and studied on the linkage between carbohydrate and peptide. All the subfractions examined contained galactosamine, hexuronic acid as the major constituent sugars, and xylose, galactose, L-fucose as the minor ones. Some of the subfractions contained additional glucosamine. Sulfate was also found in all the subfractions as their major constituent. The contents of total amino acids ranged from 1.20 to 17.9%. Serine, threonine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, alanine and leucine were found as major amino acids. Pronase digestion did not significantly change their molecular size. The presence of O-xylosyl-serine linkage between carbohydrate chains and peptide moieties ws verified byan alkali treatment. Nevertheless, the presence of small portions of galactose and xylose residues at the reducing ends of the carbohydrate chains suggested a possibility of exertion of endo-beta-galactosidase and endo-beta-xylosidase activities for the linkage regions.
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Abstract
Conditions necessary for the precise measurement of free L-fucose in urine by an enzymic method using L-fucose dehydrogenase have been studied. The normal urinary levels of L-fucose were 16.4 /+- 9.1 micrograms/ml in children (22.2 /+- 6.5 micrograms/mg of creatinine) and 17.7 /+- 8.5 micrograms/ml in adults (16.6 /+- 5.7 micrograms/mg of creatinine). There was a close correlation between the concentration of free L-fucose and that of creatinine. A close correlation was also found between the concentration of free L-fucose and alpha-L-fucosidase activity. Thus, it was suggested that the free L-fucose in urine reflected the metabolism of L-fucose or L-fucose-containing glycoconjugates. In a preliminary screening test, several urine samples which showed high concentrations of free L-fucose, namely cases of "fucosuria" were found.
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Renlund M, Chester MA, Lundblad A, Aula P, Raivio KO, Autio S, Koskela SL. Increased urinary excretion of free N-acetylneuraminic acid in thirteen patients with Salla disease. Eur J Biochem 1979; 101:245-50. [PMID: 510308 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb04237.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Thirteen severely retarded patients with Salla disease, a new type of lysosomal storage disorder, have been studied biochemically. All patients excreted approximately ten times more free sialic acid than normal individuals. The isolated sialic acid was characterized by paper chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, optical rotation, 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry of its permethylated derivative. The results clearly indicated that the excreted sialic acid was identical to N-acetylneuraminic acid. The main sialylated trisaccharide present in the urine of the patients was identified as 3'-sialyllactose by sugar and methylation analysis. The excreted amounts were found to be within normal range.
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Chester MA, Hallgren P, Lundblad A, Messeter L. Urinary excretion of oligosaccharides induced by galactose given orally or intravenously. Eur J Biochem 1979; 100:385-92. [PMID: 510288 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb04181.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The effect of oral administration of galactose, lactose, and sucrose and intravenous injection of galactose on the urinary excretion of blood-group-active oligosaccharides has been studied. Galactose given either as the free sugar, a glycoside (lactose) or a constituent of normal diet was an absolute requirement for the formation and excretion of A-trisaccharide, B-trisaccharide and 2'-fucosylgalactose in blood group A, B and O(H) secretors, respectively. Great individual variation was seen in the amounts of galactose-dependent oligosaccharides excreted. Injection of galactose resulted in excretion of 3-59% of the amount of oligosaccharide formed after oral administration to the same individual. The mean ratio A-trisaccharide/B-trisaccharide was 2.7 in four blood-group-A1B secretors and 0.22 in three A2B secretors and can thus serve as a parameter for chemical differentiation between the two blood groups. The excretion of larger blood-group-active oligosaccharides, including the A-pentasaccharide, the B-pentasaccharide and lactodifucotetraose, that are normal components in urine from, respectively, starved A, B, and H secretors, was about the same after oral administration of galactose or lactose. The B-trisaccharide was the only oligosaccharide detected in plasma after oral galactose administration to a blood-group-B secretor individual. The concentration was 0.38 mg/l of plasma.
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Tchilian MJ, Lemonnier M, Font J, Bourrillon R, Cartron J, Bamberger J. [Fucosidosis and blood group substances in the urine]. C R Seances Acad Sci D 1979; 289:193-6. [PMID: 117924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycopeptide and oligosaccharide fractions obtained from fucosidosis urine contains more Lea activity (4-8 fold) than control urine. Both fucosidosis fractions also contained Leb and H activities, no A activity in contrast to the salivary and erythrocyte phenotypes (A, Le a+ b-). The amount of Leb activity is lower in both fractions (1) and (2) than that of Leb control children (4-16 fold decrease). Blood group A activity was not detected at any concentration used (less than or equal to 50 fold-concentrated urine) whereas A activity was found in (A, Le a- b+) control urine. On the contrary, both fucosidosis fractions contained H activity, whereas A (Le a- b+) control children fractions had none (less than or equal to 50-fold concentrated urine). H and Leb activity might originate from Lea precursor apart from the "non-secretory" type of the patient.
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Lemonnier M, Derappe C, Bourrillon R. Sialic acid-containing glycoconjugates in human lactation urine. Biomedicine 1978; 29:146-50. [PMID: 687758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The excretion rate of neutral hexoses, fucose and sialic acid of oligosaccharide and glycopeptide fraction has been determined in lactation urine. Thin layer chromatography has been used to investigate the excretion pattern of oligosaccharides, specially sialyl-oligosaccharides, during the course of lactation and after weaning. Lactation urine contains sialyloligosaccharides which are not present in normal urine and their presence has been studied up to the 3rd week after weaning. These results indicate a mammary origin for most of these compounds and confirm the hypothesis of previous research.
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Strecker G, Trentesaux-Chauvet C, Poitau A, Montreuil J. [Study of the fucose-rich oligosaccharides in the urine of healthy and melituric subjects with A, B and O blood groups]. Biochimie 1976; 58:805-14. [PMID: 61768 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(76)80311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The application of adsorption chromatography on charcoal-Celite leads the authors to characterize in normal urines a class of fucose-rich oligosaccharides which possess blood group activities and are related to the phenotypes ABH, Le and secretor. Most of these oligosaccharides have a glucose residue in reducing terminal positions. Excretion of some oligosaccharides increases in the urine of diabetic and lactosuric subjects. In spontaneous or induced galactosurias, the elimination of oligosaccharides with a glucose residue in reducing terminal position decreases while appears a large amount of new oligosaccharides which all possess a galactose residue in reducing terminal position. These results lead to the conclusion that urinary oligosaccharides do not originate from glycosphingolipids, but from transglycosylation on carbohydrates which exist free in the organism: glucose for normal and diabetic subjects, lactose or galactose for lactosuric and galactosuric subjects, respectively.
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Berman ER, Kohn G, Yatziv S, Stein H. Acid hydrolase deficiencies and abnormal glycoproteins in mucolipidosis. 3 (pseudo-Hurler polydystrophy). Clin Chim Acta 1974; 52:115-24. [PMID: 4208016 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(74)90394-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lundblad A, Svensson S. Letters: The structure of a urinary difucosyl pentasaccharide, characteristic of secretors with the blood-group A gene. Carbohydr Res 1973; 30:187-9. [PMID: 4755278 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)82187-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lundblad A, Hallgren P, Rudmark A, Svensson S. Structures and serological activities of three oligosaccharides isolated from urines of nonstarved secretors and from secretors on lactose diet. Biochemistry 1973; 12:3341-5. [PMID: 4126062 DOI: 10.1021/bi00741a030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Kollberg H, Lundblad A, Ekbohm G. Studies in cystic fibrosis. Urinary excretion of hexosamine, sialic acid and fucose. Acta Paediatr Scand 1973; 62:279-88. [PMID: 4267340 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1973.tb08104.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Lundblad A, Svensson S. Isolation and characterization of 3-O- -D-xylopyranosyl-D-glucose and 2-O- -L-fucopyranosyl-D-glucose from normal human urine. Biochemistry 1973; 12:306-9. [PMID: 4683006 DOI: 10.1021/bi00726a020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Borisenko NA. [Effect of certain antirheumatic substances on the content of fucose combined with biopolymers in the gastric juice, blood and urine in patients with rheumatism]. TERAPEVT ARKH 1973; 45:34-7. [PMID: 4770018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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37
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Bell DJ, Talukder MQ. Rates of urinary excretion of free aldopentoses and fucose by fasting healthy adults: effects of ingested pentose-containing foods. Clin Chim Acta 1972; 40:13-20. [PMID: 5056621 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(72)90245-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Fedianin IP, Rabinovich PD, Vaĭstukh SI. [Balance of fucose bound with biopolymers in patients with epidemic hepatitis]. TERAPEVT ARKH 1972; 44:43-7. [PMID: 5069074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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39
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Rabinovich PD, Vaĭstukh SI, Lonshakova NM, Kalinovskiĭ II, Fefelova ED. [Content of some biopolymer-bound sugars in gastric secretion and tissues, blood serum and urine in patients with ulcers]. Vopr Med Khim 1972; 18:52-8. [PMID: 5060350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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40
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Rosenfeld L. Urinary excretion of constituents of acid mucopolysaccharides and other carbohydrate polymers in man following surgery. Surgery 1971; 70:378-84. [PMID: 4254963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Strecker G, Montreuil J. [Oligosaccharide excretion in a case of GM 2 gangliosidosis due to total N-acetylhexosaminidase deficiency]. Clin Chim Acta 1971; 33:395-401. [PMID: 5119315 DOI: 10.1016/0009-8981(71)90498-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Talukder MQ. A rapid quantitative thin-layer chromatographic separation of fucose from other neutral monosaccharides. An application to separate other sugars of physiological interest. J Chromatogr A 1971; 57:391-5. [PMID: 5091947 DOI: 10.1016/0021-9673(71)80059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Durand P, Borrone C. Fucosidosis and mannosidosis, glycoprotein and glycosylceramide storage diseases. Helv Paediatr Acta 1971; 26:19-27. [PMID: 5577874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Vaĭstukh SI, Rabinovich PD. [The level of deoxyhexose fucose in the urine in healthy subjects and patients with peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, and stomach cancer]. TERAPEVT ARKH 1969; 41:107-10. [PMID: 4907441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Lundblad A. Two urinary oligosaccharides characteristic of A1 and B secretors: isolation and partial characterization. Biochim Biophys Acta 1967; 148:151-7. [PMID: 6077035 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90290-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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