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Arora M, Satpute K, Verma S, Singh A. Free-floating iris cyst in the anterior chamber. BMJ Case Rep 2022; 15:e253527. [PMID: 36379632 PMCID: PMC9668003 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-253527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Arora
- Ophthalmology, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Kanchangouri Satpute
- Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Saurabh Verma
- Ophthalmology, Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Dr RP Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Bin Sun
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Agarwal R, Tripathy K, Jain M. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography of iridoschisis. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:e246020. [PMID: 34610957 PMCID: PMC8493913 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-246020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mayank Jain
- Paediatric Ophthalmology, Strabismus and Neuro-ophthalmology, ASG Eye Hospitals, Bhopal, India
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Jomaa R, Maadane A, Sekhsoukh R. [Berlin's nodule]. J Fr Ophtalmol 2021; 44:752-754. [PMID: 33549352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Jomaa
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Mohammed VI, BP 4806, 60049 Oujda, Maroc.
| | - A Maadane
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Mohammed VI, BP 4806, 60049 Oujda, Maroc
| | - R Sekhsoukh
- Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Mohammed VI, BP 4806, 60049 Oujda, Maroc
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yangzes
- Advanced Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Gupta
- Advanced Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Thakur
- Advanced Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - S Handa
- Advanced Eye Centre, Department of Ophthalmology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Mayer CS, Laubichler AE, Masyk M, Prahs P, Zapp D, Khoramnia R. Residual Iris Retraction Syndrome After Artificial Iris Implantation. Am J Ophthalmol 2019; 199:159-166. [PMID: 30236771 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2018.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of an artificial iris implant on the remnant iris. DESIGN Interventional case series. METHODS Setting: Single center. PATIENT POPULATION Forty-two consecutive patients. OBSERVATION PROCEDURES Morphologic evaluation over 24 ± 14 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Remnant pupillary aperture, iris color, visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and endothelial cell count. RESULTS In 7 of 42 cases (16.7%), the residual iris aperture dilated from 36.6 ± 15.4 mm2 preoperatively to 61.1 ± 12.5 mm2 1 year postoperatively (66.9% increase). In 5 of 7 affected eyes the artificial iris had been implanted into the ciliary sulcus; in 2 eyes it had been sutured to the sclera. Four of the 7 patients presented with remarkable complications: 2 eyes needed glaucoma shunt surgeries owing to pigment dispersion; 1 suffered from recurrent bleedings; and in 1 case artificial iris explantation was performed owing to chronic inflammation. Anterior chamber depth and angle, endothelial cell count, and visual acuity did not change in this cohort. Changes in color were not observed in the remnant iris. CONCLUSIONS The implantation of an artificial iris prosthesis can lead to a residual iris retraction syndrome. It is likely that residual iris is trapped in the fissure between the artificial iris and the anterior chamber angle, preventing further pupil constriction. Another possibility could be a constriction or atrophy of the residual iris. A scleral-sutured implant and an implantation in the capsular bag were both found to prevent the iris retraction. The study group number is inadequate to allow statistical comparison of these different implantation methods. As the use of artificial irises increases, we may expect more patients with iris retraction syndrome in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian S Mayer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany; David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Andrea E Laubichler
- Department of Ophthalmology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Masyk
- Department of Ophthalmology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Prahs
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Zapp
- Department of Ophthalmology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ramin Khoramnia
- David J. Apple Center for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Shields JA, Shields CL. Cysts of the Iris Pigment Epithelium. What Is New and Interesting? The 2016 Jose Rizal International Medal Lecture. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2017; 6:64-69. [PMID: 28161919 DOI: 10.22608/apo.201613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Cysts of the iris pigment epithelium (IPE) can involve the pupillary margin, midzone, or peripheral location or can be free-floating in the aqueous or vitreous or lodged in the anterior chamber angle. Avariant of IPE cyst, known as iris flocculi, can be a marker for systemic thoracic aneurysm. DESIGN Review of IPE cysts and description of new observations of the lesions. METHODS Review of IPE cysts. RESULTS Lesions in 672 eyes were classified as of the pupillary margin (n = 49; 7%), midzone (n = 188; 28%), peripheral (n = 424; 63%), or dislodged/free-floating (n = 11; 2%). Cysts of the IPE occurred most often in young adults (21-40 years) (n = 229; 34%) manifesting with peripheral or midzonal cysts. The characteristic clinical features of pupillary margin cyst were teardrop configuration at the pupillary margin, midzonal cyst with fusiform brown appearance, peripheral cyst as iris stromal bulge, dislodged cyst as a brown lesion in the angle, and free-floating cyst with round mass moving by gravitational forces in the aqueous or vitreous. Ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography demonstrated the lesions. Surgical intervention for drainage/resection was rarely necessary (<1%). Some (<1%) cysts were associated with iris nevus, iris melanoma, or ciliary body melanoma. Pupillary margin cysts (flocculi) can be found with dissecting thoracic aortic aneurysm, related to genetic mutation in smooth muscle of the iris and aorta. CONCLUSIONS Cysts of the IPE most often affect the peripheral region (iridociliary) and rarely require intervention. These cysts can be associated with underlying iris or ciliary body nevus or melanoma. Patients with iris flocculi should be monitored for dissecting thoracic aneurysm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry A Shields
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Carol L Shields
- Ocular Oncology Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Abreu-González R, Hernández-Marrero D, Kalitovics-Nobregas N, Abdul-Razzak Sultan H. Usefulness of optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of the vitreous cavity dislocated by an iridociliary cyst. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2016; 91:298-299. [PMID: 26944207 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2016.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Abreu-González
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España.
| | - D Hernández-Marrero
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - N Kalitovics-Nobregas
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
| | - H Abdul-Razzak Sultan
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, España
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Rivero V, Aparicio MJ, Suárez-Leoz M, Fernández A. Hemovítreo secundario a quiste iridociliar. Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología 2015; 90:600-3. [PMID: 26050937 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Rivero
- Clínica Oftalmológica Suárez-Leoz, Madrid, España.
| | - M J Aparicio
- Clínica Oftalmológica Suárez-Leoz, Madrid, España
| | | | - A Fernández
- Clínica Oftalmológica Suárez-Leoz, Madrid, España
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Belovay GW, Alabduljalil T, Pavlin CJ, Hamel P, Ali A. Plateau iris in children. J AAPOS 2015; 19:377-9. [PMID: 26239208 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Narrow iridocorneal angles, a very rare condition in the pediatric population, can lead to visual loss through angle closure glaucoma. In the workup for patients with narrow iridocorneal angles, plateau iris must be considered in the differential diagnosis. We describe 5 children with plateau iris, the youngest 5 years of age. All were confirmed using ultrasound biomicroscopy and were offered iridotomy for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graham W Belovay
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Talal Alabduljalil
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Charles J Pavlin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada; Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Patrick Hamel
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada; Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Asim Ali
- Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Canada; The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.
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Chen YY, Chu D, Chou P. Enhancing the early differential diagnosis of plateau iris and pupillary block using a-scan ultrasonography. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0118811. [PMID: 25689856 PMCID: PMC4331545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To distinguish the frequently misdiagnosed plateau iris eyes from pupillary block group and normal group, we compared the ocular biometrical parameters of them by A-scan ultrasongraphy. Methods In total, we retrospectively reviewed general characteristics and ocular findings including ocular biometric measurements of 71 normal, 39 plateau iris, and 83 pupillary block eyes. Results The normal controls, plateau iris group and pupillary block group were significantly different in age, but not in gender. The anterior chamber depth tended to decrease and the lens thickness tended to increase from normal to plateau iris to pupillary block eyes. Compared to those of plateau iris group, the pupillary block group had significantly shallower anterior chamber depth (2.90mm vs. 2.33mm; p<0.001), thicker lens (4.77mm vs. 5.11mm; p<0.001), shorter axial length (23.16mm vs. 22.63mm; p<0.001), smaller relative lens position (2.28 vs. 2.16; p<0.001) and larger lens/axial length factor (2.06 vs. 2.26; p<0.001). However, when comparing plateau iris and normal eyes, only axial length and lens/axial length factor were significantly different (23.16 vs. 23.54; p<0.05 and 2.06 vs. 1.96; p<0.05). Conclusions Measured by A-scan ultrasonography, the ocular biometrics of plateau iris were significantly different from those of pupillary block eyes. However, our A-scan ultrasongraphy generally found no significant biometric differences between plateau iris and normal eyes. These findings suggest that while A-scan ultrasonography might be used as a practical tool for differentiating plateau iris and papillary block eyes, a more meticulous gonioscopy and other assessments may be necessary to distinguish plateau iris from normal eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yen Chen
- Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yang-Ming University Hospital, Ilan County, Taiwan
| | - Dachen Chu
- Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taipei City Hospital, Zhongxing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pesus Chou
- Community Medicine Research Center and Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Méndez-Cepeda P, Viso E, Sevillano C, Lugo E. [Iris microhaemangiomas: presentation of a case]. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2014; 89:74-76. [PMID: 24269403 DOI: 10.1016/j.oftal.2012.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Revised: 07/03/2012] [Accepted: 07/06/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
CASE REPORT A 74 year-old woman present with blurry vision of 12 hour duration in her right eye, and with no other symptoms. Biomicroscopic examination revealed a 3 mm hyphaema in her right eye and multiple nodular structures in the pupillary margin of both eyes. DISCUSSION Iris tufts are vascular anomalies unrelated to ischaemia that must be included in the differential diagnosis of spontaneous hyphaema.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Méndez-Cepeda
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, España.
| | - E Viso
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, España
| | - C Sevillano
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, España
| | - E Lugo
- Servicio de Oftalmología, Complexo Hospitalario de Pontevedra, Pontevedra, España
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Kulig-Stochmal A, Jedrychowska-Jamborska J, Jakubowska B, Romanowska-Dixon B. [A case of familial pupillary iris pigment epithelium cysts]. Klin Oczna 2014; 116:44-48. [PMID: 25137922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Iris cysts are rare lesions. In some cases, they may mimic melanoma and cause diagnostic difficulties. Through imaging tests such as ultrasound biomicroscopy we can evaluate the structure changes and determine the location for easy diagnosis. Iris cysts often require only observation. In some cases specialist treatment is necessary. One of the methods is transpupillary cystotomy perform using the Nd:YAG laser. The paper presents the case of familial pupillary cysts of the iris pigment epithelium in a father and a daughter.
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Li GG, Ji CN, Li XY, Hu WK, Hu J, Wang JM, Li T, Li B, Zhang H. [Analysis of anatomy features for patients with narrow anterior chamber angle and primary iridociliary body cysts]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2012; 48:725-727. [PMID: 23141513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and anatomy features of iridociliary body cysts in patients with narrow anterior chamber angle. METHODS Retrospective case series study. The prevalence and anatomy features of iridociliary body cysts in 223 patients (402 eyes) were analyzed retrospectively with ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). All of the patients were examined for susceptive narrow anterior chamber angle without complaint. The age of the patients, the site, diameter and number of cysts, the anterior chamber angle and the central anterior chamber depth were measured. RESULTS Iridociliary body cysts were found in 19 patients (23 eyes) out of 223 patients (402 eyes), the prevalence is 5.7%. Fifteen patients were unilateral and four patients bilateral. Two cases originated from the ciliary process, eighteen cases from the iris root, and three from both the root and posterior surface of the iris. Twenty one cases were single cysts while two cases were multiple cysts. The diameter of the cysts ranged from 0.5 to 3.1 mm, averaged (0.71 ± 0.53) mm. The average age and the central anterior chamber depth of the eyes with iridociliary body cysts were (55.32 ± 10.74) years and (2.25 ± 0.39) mm, with no significant difference (t = 0.534, 0.783; P > 0.05) as compared to that of patients without cysts, which were (57.46 ± 10.52) years and (2.14 ± 0.34) mm. The anterior chamber angle in iridociliary body cysts group was 8.2° (21.0°, 0.0°), with no significant difference (Z = -0.062, P > 0.05) as compared to that of patients without cysts, which was 8.9° (21.4°, 0.0°). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence rate of iridociliary body cysts in this study is 5.7%, central anterior chamber depth and anterior chamber angle in patients with cysts do not differ form patients without cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-gang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kiumehr S, Schor KS, De Moraes CGV, Liebmann JM, Ritch R. Ultrasound biomicroscopy of congenital iris flocculi. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2011; 40:323-5. [PMID: 21575126 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2011.02600.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Maca SM, Firbas U, Hauff W, Zettinig G, Horvat R, Barisani-Asenbauer T. Semicircular tumor of the iris and uveitis as unilocal manifestation of sarcoidosis. Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2009; 12:237-40. [PMID: 15385200 DOI: 10.1080/092739490500156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe an unusual manifestation of sarcoidosis as a large tumor of the iris and ciliary body without any other involvement of the body. METHODS We describe a 20-year-old female presenting with a granulomatous tumor of the right iris and ciliary body and concomitant uveitis. RESULTS Extensive ocular and systemic workup revealed the tumor to be a large solitary sarcoid granuloma. As systemic steroids were not able to control the activity of the uveitis and granuloma, only the initiation of immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine A achieved a lasting remission. CONCLUSION The possibility of an exclusively ocular sarcoidosis should always be kept in mind despite negative regular screening tests. In these cases, a biopsy should be considered and immunosuppressive agents like cyclosporine A should be evaluated in cases not responding to first-line treatment with systemic steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Maca
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Avetisov SE, Ambartsumian AR. [Ultrasound biomicroscopy in the monitoring of iridocorneal endothelial syndrome]. Vestn Oftalmol 2009; 125:27-31. [PMID: 19566045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Detailed analysis of scanning images obtained at ultrasound biomicroscopy (USBM) in 11 patients with iridocorneal endothelial syndrome revealed the USBM signs reflecting pathological changes in the anterior eyeball. The value of USBM is that the technique permits evaluation of the involvement of anatomic structures into the pathological process in corpore as this is the only mode of lifetime imaging of high-resolution silent eyeball areas. It is also important that USBM can differentiate the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome from other abnormalities with the same clinical picture. The authors recommend that USBM be used to diagnose and to monitor different types of the iridocorneal endothelial syndrome.
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Wang BH, Nie X, Zhou CX, Yao YF. [Primary iris-ciliary body cyst and its relevancy with the change of anterior chamber angle]. Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2008; 44:993-997. [PMID: 19176094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of the size and distribution of primary iris-ciliary body cysts and its associated with the change of anterior chamber angle. METHODS It was a cross sectional study. Patients with shallow anterior chambers found in routine health examinations were evaluated with UBM scan. Any primary iris-ciliary body cysts detected were recorded in the parameters of quantity, size, location, and quadrant. The shape of the angle in the UBM was compared to the surrounding area of angle without the cyst, and also whether the angle was narrowed or closed was recorded. The factors related to the corresponding narrowed or closed angle were analyzed. RESULTS The 502 cysts were detected in 134 (29.32%) of the 457 patients, which were all primary iris-ciliary body cysts. The cysts were located in the iridociliary sulcus (41.24%) and pars plicata (58.37%) and distributions were 44.22% situated at the inferotemporal quadrant, 26.88% at the inferonasal quadrant, 23.11% at the superotemporal quadrant and 5.38% at the superonasal quadrant. The largest base size of the cysts was 0.6289 +/- 0.2329 mm and most were mid-sized cysts (86.05%). The incidence of the cysts with corresponding chamber angle narrowing or closure in the iridociliary sulcus was 82.13% (170/207), and in the pars plicata was 22.87% (67/293). The difference between them was statistical significant (chi2 = 170.83, P < 0.01). The relationship between the cyst size and the proportion of the cysts which caused corresponding angles narrowing or closure was analyzed by way of rectilinear correlation, and it was found to be a positive correlation (r = 0.9939, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of primary iris-ciliary body cysts in the normal population is high and some may cause corresponding angle narrowing or closure; The location and size of the cysts are the factors to induce narrowing or closure of the angle in the corresponding area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-hong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310005, China
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Kumar RS, Baskaran M, Chew PTK, Friedman DS, Handa S, Lavanya R, Sakata LM, Wong HT, Aung T. Prevalence of Plateau Iris in Primary Angle Closure Suspects. Ophthalmology 2008; 115:430-4. [PMID: 17900691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2007] [Revised: 07/08/2007] [Accepted: 07/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of plateau iris in a cohort of primary angle closure suspects (PACSs) using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. PARTICIPANTS Subjects over the age of 50 years diagnosed as PACSs. INTERVENTION Subjects were randomized to undergo laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) in one eye. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed before and a week after LPI. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Ultrasound biomicroscopy images were qualitatively assessed using standardized criteria. Plateau iris was defined in a quadrant by the presence of an anteriorly directed ciliary body, an absent ciliary sulcus, a steep iris root from its point of insertion followed by a downward angulation from the corneoscleral wall, presence of a central flat iris plane, and irido-angle contact. At least 2 quadrants had to fulfil the above criteria for an eye to be defined as plateau iris. RESULTS Two hundred five subjects were enrolled; UBM images of 167 subjects were available for analysis. Plateau iris was found in 54 of 167 (32.3%) PACS eyes after LPI. Quadrantwise analysis showed that 44 of 167 (26.3%) eyes had plateau iris in 1 quadrant, 36 (21.5%) in 2 quadrants, 16 (9.5%) in 3 quadrants, and 2 (1.2%) in all 4 quadrants. Plateau iris was most commonly observed in the superior and inferior quadrants. CONCLUSIONS Using standardized UBM criteria, plateau iris was found in about a third of PACS eyes after LPI. Prospective longitudinal studies are required to determine the clinical significance of this finding for the management of PACSs.
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Abstract
PURPOSE Post-traumatic cysts of the iris pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for ophthalmic surgeons. This prospective case series highlights the clinical spectrum and longterm outcomes of different modes of treatment in these cases. METHODS Eleven cases of post-traumatic iris inclusion cysts, treated with Nd:YAG laser and/or surgical excision were evaluated prospectively over periods ranging from 6 months to 3 years. Ultrasound biomicroscopy features and postoperative outcomes in each were evaluated. RESULTS Laser iridotomy of the cyst offers a non-invasive method of therapy in these cases but has a high rate of recurrence. The outcomes in most cases were poor, with worse results and more complications encountered in younger age groups. CONCLUSIONS Iris inclusion cysts have overall poor surgical outcomes as the result of the extensive proliferation of epithelial cells, which may explain why the condition takes a rapid course in younger patients and why severe complications are encountered postoperatively in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viney Gupta
- Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Gündüz K, Hoşal BM, Zilelioğlu G, Günalp I. The Use of Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in the Evaluation of Anterior Segment Tumors and Simulating Conditions. Ophthalmologica 2007; 221:305-12. [PMID: 17728552 DOI: 10.1159/000104760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 09/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) findings of anterior segment tumors and simulating conditions. METHODS Thirty-five patients underwent UBM. Of those, 16 had histopathologically or cytopathologically diagnosed tumors, and 19 had clinically diagnosed lesions. RESULTS The study material comprised 13 iris pigment epithelial (IPE) cysts, 7 ciliary body melanomas, 4 iris melanomas, 4 iris nevi, 3 intraocular invasions of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma, 2 ring melanomas of the anterior chamber angle, 1 medulloepithelioma and 1 pars plana cyst. On UBM, all IPE cysts presented as cystic lesions with a thin cyst wall and no solid components. All ciliary body melanomas showed low to medium reflectivity, with cavitation in one case and extraocular extension in another. Iris melanomas presented as anterior (stromal) iris lesions with medium to high internal reflectivity. There was irregularity and convex bowing of the posterior iris plane in iris melanomas, a feature not seen in iris nevi. Intraocular invasion of conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma was evidenced as areas of medium to high reflectivity in the ciliary body and iris, loss of the acute angle shape and highly reflective spots in the anterior chamber. CONCLUSIONS UBM was particularly useful in the diagnosis of IPE cysts, in the visualization of small ciliary body melanomas, in the differentiation of iris melanomas from iris nevi and in the demonstration of intraocular invasion from conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaan Gündüz
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Sukavatcharin S, Cursino S, Li G, Green RL, Lim JI, Rao NA. Xanthogranuloma of the iris simulating melanoma in an adult. Am J Ophthalmol 2007; 143:529-31. [PMID: 17317408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2006] [Revised: 10/05/2006] [Accepted: 10/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case in an adult of xanthogranuloma of the iris that clinically simulated iris melanoma. DESIGN Observational case report. METHODS Clinical and histopathologic examination of iris mass obtained from a 77-year-old white woman. RESULTS High-frequency ultrasonography of the right eye revealed a small, echodense lesion involving the iris root. The mass revealed histopathologic features identical to juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG), including histiocytes and lymphocytes mixed with multinucleated giant cells, and eosinophilic leukocytes. The histiocytes stained positive for CD68, CD45, and factor XIIIa and negative for S-100 and CD1a. CONCLUSIONS Xanthogranuloma of the iris can occur in elderly patients. Such lesions should be considered in the differential diagnosis of iris melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somsiri Sukavatcharin
- Doheny Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA
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Abstract
AIMS Iris epithelial cysts, congenital or acquired, are rare tumors of the anterior chamber. The use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and high-resolution echography (50 MHz) specified the diagnosis and confirmed the developmental hypothesis. METHODS UBM examination with general anesthesia can provide very good vision of cysts and iris structure similar to histological examination. Successive slices are systematically produced. We report two cases: one in a 3-month-old boy with a pupillary type of pigment epithelial cyst and one in a 23-month-old boy with stromal iris cyst provides new information on iris cysts. RESULTS UBM can clearly differentiate two types of cyst, with results similar to histological slice examination. UBM slices of iris edge cysts show small cellular parietal groups with stromal echogenicity, with no visible tissular continuity. The stromal cyst has no particularity and no echogenicity. DISCUSSION The pupillary type of pigment epithelial cyst was generally recognized very early. The great majority of primary iris cysts, particularly those that arise from the iris pigment epithelial layers, are stable lesions that rarely progress or cause visual complications. Their slow progression could be explained by embryological history. Based on a comparison between the aspects of the two observations, the absence of enlargement of the cyst could be explained by the developmental mechanism. CONCLUSION The advantage of the UBM in diagnosis is confirmed for very young patients, but also in developmental investigations. These case reports also corroborate the migration cellular theory during eye development to explain the appearance of the pupillary type of pigment epithelial cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Roche
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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McWhae JA, Rinke M, Crichton ACS, Van Wyngaarden C. Measurement of anterior lens growth after acute primary angle-closure glaucoma. Can J Ophthalmol 2007; 42:268-71. [PMID: 17392851 DOI: 10.3129/can] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To describe the utility of ultrasound biomicroscopy in diagnosing multiple bilateral iridociliary cysts and to determine the clinical significance of this condition. METHODS A retrospective review of 73 patients referred for ultrasound biomicroscopy who were found to have bilateral iridociliary cysts. RESULTS Seventy-three patients were identified who demonstrated 2 or more cysts in 1 eye and at least 1 in the other with ultrasound biomicroscopy. A solitary iris elevation was the most common reason for referral (84.9%). There were 44 patients for whom sufficient follow-up data were available, with a mean follow-up of 40.4 months. Clinical sequelae included 1 case of sectoral cataract (2.3%) and 4 cases of cyst-related glaucoma (9.1%). INTERPRETATION Multiple bilateral iridociliary cysts is a common condition with occasional clinical significance. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a valuable technique in diagnosing this condition. Patients who have significant angle compromise should be followed and treated as required for glaucoma.
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Abstract
CASE REPORT Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations in the case of a 57-year-old man with multiple iris cysts in both eyes. COMMENTS Small and hidden from view, most primary iris cysts of the iris pigment epithelium remain clinically silent. Larger cysts may be noted on examination, but often remain difficult to visualize due to their location. By providing a high-resolution view of the iris and ciliary body, ultrasound biomicroscopy is a useful adjunct to the clinical examination in distinguishing primary cysts of the iris pigment epithelium from solid uveal neoplasms.
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Xiao Y, Wang Y, Niu G, Li K. Transpupillary argon laser photocoagulation and Nd:YAG laser cystotomy for peripheral iris pigment epithelium cyst. Am J Ophthalmol 2006; 142:691-3. [PMID: 17011872 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2006.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2006] [Revised: 04/14/2006] [Accepted: 04/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the use of a combination of transpupillary argon laser photocoagulation and Nd:YAG laser cystotomy in the treatment of peripheral iris pigment epithelium (IPE) cyst. DESIGN Case report. METHODS A 23-year-old man presented with a one-month history of blurred vision and pain in the right eye. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy and gonioscopy revealed, in the iridociliary sulcus, a large clear IPE cyst, which was demonstrated by ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). A combination of transpupillary photocoagulation to devitalize the epithelial lining and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser cystotomy to drain the cyst was engaged. RESULTS Laser treatment resulted in vanishing of the cyst and disappearance of the subject symptoms. Two months postoperatively, no evidence existed of the iris pigment cyst regrowth. CONCLUSIONS The minimal invasiveness of the combination of transpupillary laser photocoagulation and cystotomy yielded a favorable result. This procedure may be an alternative to conservative regimen if IPE cyst is clearly defined and readily seen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (West Campus), Affiliate of Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Srinivasan S, Batterbury M, Hiscott P. Bullous keratopathy and corneal decompensation secondary to iridoschisis: a clinicopathological report. Cornea 2005; 24:867-9. [PMID: 16160507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report a case of localized bullous keratopathy and total corneal decompensation secondary to iridocorneal touch in iridoschisis. DESIGN Single interventional case report with pathologic correlation. METHODS An 80-year-old man with bilateral iridoschisis presented with loss of vision in the left eye (OS). Examination of the OS showed shallow anterior chamber (AC), cortical cataract, and free-floating iris fibers causing iridocorneal touch, leading to localized bullous keratopathy and total corneal decompensation. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) confirmed the area of iridocorneal contact. RESULTS Penetrating keratoplasty combined with cataract extraction and posterior chamber lens implantation was performed in the OS. Histopathology of the corneal button showed features of corneal edema and endothelial cell loss with evidence of iridocorneal contact. CONCLUSIONS Iridoschisis is an uncommon cause of bullous keratopathy and corneal decompensation. Patients with iridoschisis may need specular microscopy to determine the status of the corneal endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathish Srinivasan
- St Paul's Eye Unit, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals, NHS Trust, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
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31
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Polikoff LA, Chanis RA, Toor A, Ramos-Esteban JC, Fahim MM, Gagliuso DJ, Serle JB. The Effect of Laser Iridotomy on the Anterior Segment Anatomy of Patients With Plateau Iris Configuration. J Glaucoma 2005; 14:109-13. [PMID: 15741810 DOI: 10.1097/01.ijg.0000151687.96785.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if laser iridotomy altered the anterior segment anatomy of patients with plateau iris configuration. METHODS Twenty eyes of 9 female and 1 male patients were imaged using an ultrasound biomicroscope within 19 weeks before and 52 weeks after laser iridotomy. Measurements obtained included the anterior chamber depth (ACD), trabecular-ciliary process distance (TCPD), iris thickness (IT), angle opening distance at 500 micrometers (AOD), iridozonular distance (IZD), and trabecular-iris angle (TIA). Comparisons of the pre- and post- iridotomy measurements were made using a two-tailed paired t test. RESULTS Laser iridotomy elicited no statistically significant change in ACD, TCPD, IT, AOD, or TIA. However, IZD was decreased (P < 0.05) in both eyes after laser iridotomy. Configuration of the irides was flat before and after laser iridotomies. CONCLUSION This study suggests that laser iridotomy did not alter anterior segment anatomy, probably because of the fixed anterior insertion of the iris and ciliary body in plateau iris configuration. The decrease in IZD distance may be the result of a small posterior movement of the iris due to a reduction in relative pupillary block, secondary to laser iridotomy. The small reduction in relative papillary block in plateau iris configuration does not alter the width of the anterior chamber angle as measured by AOD and TIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee A Polikoff
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA
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Crowston JG, Medeiros FA, Mosaed S, Weinreb RN. Argon laser iridoplasty in the treatment of plateau-like iris configuration as result of numerous ciliary body cysts. Am J Ophthalmol 2005; 139:381-3. [PMID: 15734017 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2004.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report the use of argon laser peripheral iridoplasty in the treatment of plateau-like iris configuration as a result of iris and ciliary body cysts. DESIGN Case report. METHODS A 43-year-old male with plateau iris syndrome was demonstrated by high frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM), to have numerous iris and ciliary body cysts. Bilateral argon laser peripheral iridoplasty was performed. RESULTS Argon laser iridoplasty opened the drainage angle in both eyes. CONCLUSION Argon laser iridoplasty is an effective and safe treatment for plateau iris syndrome and may also prove valuable in the treatment of plateau-like iris configuration resulting from iridociliary cysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan G Crowston
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0946, USA
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Matsunaga K, Ito K, Esaki K, Sugimoto K, Sano T, Miura K, Sasoh M, Uji Y. Evaluation and Comparison of Indentation Ultrasound Biomicroscopy Gonioscopy in Relative Pupillary Block, Peripheral Anterior Synechia, and Plateau Iris Configuration. J Glaucoma 2004; 13:516-9. [PMID: 15534480 DOI: 10.1097/01.ijg.0000141366.45974.3a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate and compare the findings and changes of the anterior chamber angle configuration with indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) gonioscopy in relative pupillary block (RPB), peripheral anterior synechia (PAS), and plateau iris configuration (PIC). METHODS This study included 73 eyes of 52 patients with RPB (n = 26), PAS (n = 21), or PIC (n = 26). First, a conventional UBM scan was performed using a normal size standard eye cup before indentation. Then, for indentation UBM gonioscopy, scans were performed using a new eye cup that we designed. For evaluation of the angle, angle opening distance 500 and angle recess area were recorded and evaluated with regard to the effect of expansion on the anterior chamber angle. RESULTS Indentation UBM gonioscopy showed the characteristic images in each of the eyes. The angle of all examined eyes was significantly widened with indentation (P < 0.01). The angle changes in eyes with RPB were significantly greater than in eyes with PAS or PIC (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Indentation UBM gonioscopy is a very useful method for observing the angle and diagnosis of RPB, PAS, and PIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Matsunaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University School of Medicine, Japan
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Kodjikian L, Gain P, Donate D, Gambrelle J, Rouberol F, de la Fouchardiere A, Burillon C, Grange JD. Cataract formation with a primary iris stromal cyst. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus 2004; 41:232-5. [PMID: 15305534 DOI: 10.3928/0191-3913-20040701-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
An 11-year-old boy was diagnosed with a primary acquired iris stromal cyst. A 5-year follow-up showed growth of the cyst with visual impairment. An inferior iridectomy was performed including the whole cystic lesion. The presence of a cataract is rare, especially in adolescents, but requires treatment to preserve the globe and vision.
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Li PSH, Lai JSM, Lam DSC. Anterior chamber depth in plateau iris syndrome and pupillary block as measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy. Am J Ophthalmol 2004; 137:1169; author reply 1169-70. [PMID: 15183837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2004.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Abstract
We report the case of a 2-day-old child with buphthalmia caused by a congenital pigmented epithelial iris cyst. The use of ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and high-resolution echography (20MHz) specified the diagnosis before general anesthesia for complete examination and treatment. Surgery can control intraocular pressure and the opening of the visual axis; there is, however, relative amblyopia. This case confirms the advantage of UBM in examining tumors of the anterior segment. The early diagnosis, facilitated by use of the UBM, provided quick and well-adapted treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Donate
- Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 5, place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon.
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37
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Abstract
Plateau iris syndrome is considered to be a rare entity and has been classified into two subtypes, the complete and the incomplete forms. Herein a case is reported of plateau iris syndrome that had a postmydriatic rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) in one eye (complete syndrome) and no increase in IOP in the other (incomplete syndrome). The pre- and post-mydriasis ultrasound biomicroscopic findings were documented. These findings suggest that incomplete plateau iris syndrome may be caused by a difference in the extent of closure of the angle circumferentially over the 360 degrees of the angle.
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Mendez-Hernandez C, Garcia-Feijoo J, Garcia-Sanchez J. Listeria monocytogenes-induced endogenous endophthalmitis: bioultrasonic findings. Am J Ophthalmol 2004; 137:579-81. [PMID: 15013893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2003.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To report bioultrasonic findings in Listeria monocytogenes-induced endophthalmitis (LMIE) that have not been described previously. DESIGN Interventional case report. METHODS To rule out intraocular tumor, ultrasound biomicroscopy was performed in a patient referred for a 2-day history of uveitis with elevated intraocular pressure, dark hypopyon, and pigment dispersion in the anterior chamber. RESULTS Ultrasound biomicroscopy examination showed increased iris thickness with rarefaction of tissue and irregular echogenicity as well as iris pigment epithelial detachment. A small choroidal detachment was also detected. The anterior chamber and vitreous sample confirmed the LMIE diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS The detection of both pigment epithelial detachment and changes in the iris tissue could explain why black hypopyon frequently develops in LMIE with significant pigment dispersion in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Mendez-Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmologicas Ramón Castro viejo, Glaucoma Department, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Guadalajara, Spain.
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Matsunaga K, Ito K, Esaki K, Sugimoto K, Sano T, Miura K, Sasoh M, Uji Y. Evaluation of eyes with relative pupillary block by indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy gonioscopy. Am J Ophthalmol 2004; 137:552-4. [PMID: 15013880 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2003.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate changes in anterior chamber angle configuration with indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy gonioscopy of relative pupillary block (RPB). DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS This study included 26 eyes of 26 patients with RPB. We determined angle opening distance 500 and angle recess area using indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy gonioscopy and compared a small-sized standard eye cup with a new eye cup with an area for inducing pressure. RESULTS Indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy images documented concavity of the iris in eyes with RPB. Both the new and the small standard eye cups widened the anterior chamber angle significantly (P <.0001) without causing corneal damage. Angle changes were significantly greater for the new eye cup design. CONCLUSIONS Indentation ultrasound biomicroscopy gonioscopy is a useful technique for observation and diagnosis of RPB. Using a small standard or the newly designed eye cup, the procedure can be performed easily and without causing corneal damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Matsunaga
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.
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40
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Mandell MA, Pavlin CJ, Weisbrod DJ, Simpson ER. Anterior chamber depth in plateau iris syndrome and pupillary block as measured by ultrasound biomicroscopy. Am J Ophthalmol 2003; 136:900-3. [PMID: 14597043 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(03)00578-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To quantitatively analyze the anterior chamber depth (ACD) in patients with pupillary block and plateau iris syndrome. DESIGN Retrospective, consecutive, observational case series. METHODS We measured the ACD in 318 eyes of 318 patients who had been diagnosed by ultrasound biomicroscopy as having either pupillary block or plateau iris syndrome. Pupillary block patients were all preiridotomy and plateau iris patients were all postiridotomy. Anterior chamber depth was measured axially from the internal corneal surface to the lens surface using the ultrasound instrument's internal measuring capability. RESULTS The mean ACD in patients with plateau iris syndrome (n = 181) was significantly smaller than the hypothesized normal ACD (2.04 +/- 0.30 mm vs 3.0 mm, P =.0001). The mean ACD in patients with pupillary block (n = 137) was also significantly smaller than the hypothesized normal ACD (2.17 +/- 0.30 mm vs 3.0 mm, P =.0001). The mean ACD in patients with plateau iris syndrome was significantly smaller than the ACD in patients with pupillary block (2.04 +/- 0.30 mm vs 2.17 +/- 0.30 mm, P =.001). CONCLUSIONS Review of the literature suggests that patients with plateau iris have a normal or deeper axial ACD compared with pupillary block. This study found that the ACD associated with plateau iris syndrome is shallower than normal and also shallower than in pupillary block.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Mandell
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ontario Cancer Institute, Princess Margaret Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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41
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Sony P, Sudan R, Pangtey MS, Khokhar S, Kumar H. Iris retraction and retroflexion after transscleral contact diode laser photocoagulation. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging 2003; 34:470-1. [PMID: 14620751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A 9-year-old girl with refractory glaucoma with an anterior chamber intraocular lens underwent transscleral contact diode laser cyclophotocoagulation. Slit-lamp examination and ultrasound biomicroscopy revealed iris retraction and retroflexion at 2 weeks of follow-up. The probable cause of this complication is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parul Sony
- Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, AIIMS, New Delhi, India
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report a free-floating dislodged pigmented cyst in the anterior chamber and to describe the ultrasound biomicroscopic (UBM) features of the lesion. METHODS Case report. RESULTS A 26-year-old man presented with noise in his left eye in the prone position. Slit-lamp examination revealed a small pigmented mass lesion at the 6 o'clock position in the anterior chamber, slowly moving with changing head postures. UBM revealed an unfixed dislodged pigmented cyst with a thin wall and no internal reflectivity, changing its shape from ovoid to circular. Five years later, the anterior segment does not show any modification and the cyst has not changed in size or appearance. CONCLUSIONS Cysts of the iris pigment epithelium arise in the posterior iris layer. They may be central, midzonal, peripheral, or dislodged. Dislodged cysts may be repositioned and fixed or free-floating in the vitreous or in the anterior chamber. Surgical removal must be considered only for a rapid enlargement or significant reduction in endothelial cell count. UBM can distinguish solid from cystic lesions, giving detailed information on internal structure, reflectivity, shape, and thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Figus
- Neurosciences Department, Ophthalmology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
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44
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe a case of plateau iris associated with bilateral Adie's pupil. DESIGN Interventional case report. METHODS A 54-year-old woman presented with pain in her right eye and headache. Intraocular pressure was 34 mm Hg in the right eye. Light reflex was defective bilaterally. RESULTS Ultrasound biomicroscopic imaging revealed normal anterior chamber depth and narrow angle. The ciliary processes were situated anteriorly. The eyes showed supersensitivity to 0.125% pilocarpine. The patient was diagnosed as having bilateral angle-closure glaucoma induced by Adie's pupil and plateau iris. CONCLUSION Mild pupillary dilation caused by Adie's pupil may have played a role in the development of angle closure in the plateau iris configuration of our patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Kawana
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
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45
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Wu SC. Ultrasound biomicroscopy in the diagnosis of a primary peripheral iris cyst. Chang Gung Med J 2003; 26:299-302. [PMID: 12846531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
A primary peripheral cyst behind the iris is difficult to detect during a routine slit lamp examination. It is usually asymptomatic unless the cyst is sufficiently large. We report on a 73-year-old woman who underwent phacoemulsification of a cataract and incidentally presented a small dark mass behind the peripheral iris. The lesion was initially suspected of being a melanoma, but it could not be localized by conventional techniques postoperatively. A diagnosis of primary iris cyst was not made until 1 year later when high-frequency ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) was employed. UBM displayed a distinct thin-wall cystic lesion (0.5 x 0.8 x 0.6 mm) with low internal reflectivity at the iridociliary sulcus of the inferotemporal quadrant. UBM allows good imaging access to a lesion behind the iris that is otherwise difficult to detect with traditional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiu-Chen Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5, Fushing Street, Gueishan, Taoyuan, Taiwan 333, ROC.
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46
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Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the ultrasound biomicroscopic appearance of the anterior segment before and after cataract extraction in eyes with plateau iris syndrome and to determine the effect of postoperative zonular relaxation on ciliary body position. DESIGN Interventional case series. METHODS Eyes with plateau iris syndrome scanned before and after cataract extraction between January 1994 and September 2001 were enrolled. The iridociliary relationship and the anterior chamber depth at a distance of 3 mm from the scleral spur were assessed. RESULTS We examined six eyes of six patients. Mean patient age was 74.2 +/- 6.4 years (standard deviation [SD]) (range, 65-81 years). Mean refractive error was + 1.0 +/- 3.9 diopters [D] (range, -5.75-+5.50), and mean axial length was 21.85 +/- 0.77 mm (range, 20.90-22.95 mm). All eyes had undergone laser iridotomy and argon laser peripheral iridoplasty before cataract extraction. Ultrasound biomicroscopy examination revealed a narrow angle and absence of a ciliary body sulcus in all eyes with focal areas of iridotrabecular apposition in three eyes. Following cataract extraction, the anterior chamber depth increased (P =.0006, paired t test), while the iridociliary contact remained unchanged. CONCLUSIONS Iridociliary apposition persists after cataract extraction in plateau iris syndrome. Whether the cause is congenital or acquired, or both, remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Viet Tran
- Department of Ophthalmology The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, New York, New York 10003, USA
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47
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple cysts of iris and ciliary body may cause many complications such as acute or chronic angle closure glaucoma. PATIENT We present a boy with multiple congenital cysts of the iris pigment epithelium and a voluminous cyst of the unpigmented ciliary body epithelium of the right eye. This resulted in lenticular astigmatism, concomitant strabismus divergens and subsequently to anisometropia. The voluminous cyst (8 x 12 mm in diameter) was folded around the lens, reached the optic axis and resulted in displacement of the lens and contact between the iris and the corneal endothelium from 6.30 to 11. After puncture and partial resection of the cyst at the age of 8 months the boy developed a subcapsular multivesicular cataractic clouding of the temporal lens and a progredient myopia (up to - 14.0/- 2.0/0 degrees ); in contrast the left eye was hyperopic (+ 3.5/- 3.75/0 degrees ). The lens was subluxated superonasally due to congenital damage of the zonular fibres. Because development of visual acuity seemed limited by these determinants (20/200 at the right eye), cataract surgery with posterior capsulorhexis, anterior vitrectomy, and implantation of a capsular tension ring and posterior chamber intraocular lens was performed at the age of nearly five. Actually, there is an orthotropia, best corrected visual acuity in the distance of 20/32 in the right and 20/20 in the left eye; binocular vision is somewhat restricted. CONCLUSION Usually congenital cysts are clinically not very relevant; occasionally surgical intervention is required to ensure adequate development of visual acuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike B Kottler
- Augenklinik und Poliklinik der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Germany.
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Sato S, Maeda N, Watanabe H, Tano Y, Inoue Y, Shimomura Y, Tanaka A. Multiple iridociliary cysts in patients with mucopolysaccharidoses. Br J Ophthalmol 2002; 86:933-4. [PMID: 12140222 PMCID: PMC1771251 DOI: 10.1136/bjo.86.8.933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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49
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Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the benefit of the three-dimensional ultrasound biomicroscopy in examination of the posterior iris and ciliary body. METHODS Three-dimensional visualisation of the anterior eye section was achieved through extension of the existing ultrasound biomicroscope system (Humphrey Instruments). Visualisation of posterior iris and ciliary body pathologies in three patients was performed with a three-dimensional reconstruction technique of B-scans. RESULTS The extended ultrasound system provided three-dimensional visualisation of alterations of the posterior iris region, i.e. iris cysts, ciliary body cysts and solid tumours of the ciliary body and iris. CONCLUSIONS The three-dimensional ultrasound biomicroscopy yields extended diagnostic findings regarding iris and ciliary body pathology. This method offers an improved assessment of the posterior surface of the iris and the volume of the ciliary body. Furthermore, these data can be useful for procedures in computer simulation and calculation for a better understanding of the function of the ciliary body in the accommodation process.
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50
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Abstract
PURPOSE To report the ultrasound biomicroscopic appearance of the anterior chamber angle before and after successful goniosynechialysis. METHODS Interventional case report. Ultrasound biomicroscopy using a 50-MHz transducer was performed in the supine position preoperatively and postoperatively in a 76-year-old woman with angle-closure glaucoma. RESULTS Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the anterior chamber angle demonstrated restoration of an open anterior chamber angle after goniosynechialysis. CONCLUSION High-resolution imaging of the anterior segment to evaluate preoperative and postoperative anatomy may be useful in eyes undergoing goniosynechialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Canlas
- Department of Ophthalmology, The New York Eye And Ear Infirmary, 310 East 14 St., New York, NY 10003, USA
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