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Siva Venkatesh IP, Majumdar A, Basu A. Prophylactic Administration of Gut Microbiome Metabolites Abrogated Microglial Activation and Subsequent Neuroinflammation in an Experimental Model of Japanese Encephalitis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:1712-1727. [PMID: 38581382 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbial metabolic derivatives produced during the fermentation of ingested complex carbohydrates. SCFAs have been widely regarded to have a potent anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective role and have implications in several disease conditions, such as, inflammatory bowel disease, type-2 diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a neurotropic flavivirus, is associated with life threatening neuro-inflammation and neurological sequelae in infected hosts. In this study, we hypothesize that SCFAs have potential in mitigating JEV pathogenesis. Postnatal day 10 BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with either a SCFA mixture (acetate, propionate, and butyrate) or PBS for a period of 7 days, followed by JEV infection. All mice were observed for onset and progression of symptoms. The brain tissue was collected upon reaching terminal illness for further analysis. SCFA-supplemented JEV-infected mice (SCFA + JEV) showed a delayed onset of symptoms, lower hindlimb clasping score, and decreased weight loss and increased survival by 3 days (p < 0.0001) upon infection as opposed to the PBS-treated JEV-infected animals (JEV). Significant downregulation of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-6, and IFN-Υ in the SCFA + JEV group relative to the JEV-infected control group was observed. Inflammatory mediators, phospho-NF-kB (P-NF-kB) and iba1, showed 2.08 ± 0.1 and 3.132 ± 0.43-fold upregulation in JEV versus 1.19 ± 0.11 and 1.31 ± 0.11-fold in the SCFA + JEV group, respectively. Tissue section analysis exhibited reduced glial activation (JEV group─42 ± 2.15 microglia/ROI; SCFA + JEV group─27.07 ± 1.8 microglia/ROI) in animals that received SCFA supplementation prior to infection as seen from the astrocytic and microglial morphometric analysis. Caspase-3 immunoblotting showed 4.08 ± 1.3-fold upregulation in JEV as compared to 1.03 ± 0.14-fold in the SCFA + JEV group and TUNEL assay showed a reduced cellular death post-JEV infection (JEV-6.4 ± 1.5 cells/ROI and SCFA + JEV-3.7 ± 0.73 cells/ROI). Our study critically contributes to the increasing evidence in support of SCFAs as an anti-inflammatory and neuro-protective agent, we further expand its scope as a potential supplementary intervention in JEV-mediated neuroinflammation.
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MESH Headings
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome/physiology
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/drug therapy
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/immunology
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/metabolism
- Neuroinflammatory Diseases/microbiology
- Microglia/drug effects
- Microglia/immunology
- Encephalitis, Japanese/drug therapy
- Encephalitis, Japanese/immunology
- Encephalitis, Japanese/microbiology
- Encephalitis, Japanese/prevention & control
- Encephalitis, Japanese/virology
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/pharmacology
- Fatty Acids, Volatile/therapeutic use
- Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese/drug effects
- Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese/immunology
- Encephalitis Viruses, Japanese/pathogenicity
- Survival Analysis
- Chemokines/immunology
- Chemokines/metabolism
- Inflammation Mediators/immunology
- Inflammation Mediators/metabolism
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/immunology
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/metabolism
- Cytokine Release Syndrome/prevention & control
- Humans
- Female
- Animals
- Mice
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Brain/drug effects
- Brain/metabolism
- Brain/virology
- Viral Load/drug effects
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Atreye Majumdar
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
| | - Anirban Basu
- National Brain Research Centre, Manesar, Haryana 122052, India
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Seo DO, O’Donnell D, Jain N, Ulrich JD, Herz J, Li Y, Lemieux M, Cheng J, Hu H, Serrano JR, Bao X, Franke E, Karlsson M, Meier M, Deng S, Desai C, Dodiya H, Lelwala-Guruge J, Handley SA, Kipnis J, Sisodia SS, Gordon JI, Holtzman DM. ApoE isoform- and microbiota-dependent progression of neurodegeneration in a mouse model of tauopathy. Science 2023; 379:eadd1236. [PMID: 36634180 PMCID: PMC9901565 DOI: 10.1126/science.add1236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tau-mediated neurodegeneration is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Primary tauopathies are characterized by pathological tau accumulation and neuronal and synaptic loss. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-mediated neuroinflammation is involved in the progression of tau-mediated neurodegeneration, and emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiota regulates neuroinflammation in an APOE genotype-dependent manner. However, evidence of a causal link between the microbiota and tau-mediated neurodegeneration is lacking. In this study, we characterized a genetically engineered mouse model of tauopathy expressing human ApoE isoforms reared under germ-free conditions or after perturbation of their gut microbiota with antibiotics. Both of these manipulations reduced gliosis, tau pathology, and neurodegeneration in a sex- and ApoE isoform-dependent manner. The findings reveal mechanistic and translationally relevant interrelationships between the microbiota, neuroinflammation, and tau-mediated neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-oh Seo
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - David O’Donnell
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Nimansha Jain
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jason D. Ulrich
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jasmin Herz
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Yuhao Li
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Mackenzie Lemieux
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jiye Cheng
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Javier R. Serrano
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Xin Bao
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Emily Franke
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Maria Karlsson
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Martin Meier
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Su Deng
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Chandani Desai
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Hemraj Dodiya
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Janaki Lelwala-Guruge
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Scott A. Handley
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Jonathan Kipnis
- Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - Sangram S. Sisodia
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Jeffrey I. Gordon
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA; Center for Gut Microbiome and Nutrition Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
| | - David M. Holtzman
- Department of Neurology, Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
- Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO. USA
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Wu Y, Zhang Y, Xie B, Abdelgawad A, Chen X, Han M, Shang Y, Yuan S, Zhang J. RhANP attenuates endotoxin-derived cognitive dysfunction through subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve-mediated gut microbiota-brain axis. J Neuroinflammation 2021; 18:300. [PMID: 34949194 PMCID: PMC8697447 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-021-02356-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) secreted from atrial myocytes is shown to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of ANP on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endotoxemia-derived neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment. METHODS LPS (5 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally to mice. Recombinant human ANP (rhANP) (1.0 mg/kg) was injected intravenously 24 h before and/or 10 min after LPS injection. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDV) was performed 14 days before LPS injection or 28 days before fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). ANA-12 (0.5 mg/kg) was administrated intraperitoneally 30 min prior to rhANP treatment. RESULTS LPS (5.0 mg/kg) induced remarkable splenomegaly and an increase in the plasma cytokines at 24 h after LPS injection. There were positive correlations between spleen weight and plasma cytokines levels. LPS also led to increased protein levels of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule (iba)-1, cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the hippocampus. LPS impaired the natural and learned behavior, as demonstrated by an increase in the latency to eat the food in the buried food test and a decrease in the number of entries and duration in the novel arm in the Y maze test. Combined prophylactic and therapeutic treatment with rhANP reversed LPS-induced splenomegaly, hippocampal and peripheral inflammation as well as cognitive impairment. However, rhANP could not further enhance the protective effects of SDV on hippocampal and peripheral inflammation. We further found that PGF mice transplanted with fecal bacteria from rhANP-treated endotoxemia mice alleviated the decreased protein levels of hippocampal polyclonal phosphorylated tyrosine kinase receptor B (p-TrkB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and cognitive impairment, which was abolished by SDV. Moreover, TrkB/BDNF signaling inhibitor ANA-12 abolished the improving effects of rhANP on LPS-induced cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that rhANP could mitigate LPS-induced hippocampal inflammation and cognitive dysfunction through subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve-mediated gut microbiota-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | | | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Mengqi Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shiying Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, 430022, Wuhan, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Sauer AK, Malijauskaite S, Meleady P, Boeckers TM, McGourty K, Grabrucker AM. Zinc is a key regulator of gastrointestinal development, microbiota composition and inflammation with relevance for autism spectrum disorders. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:46. [PMID: 34936034 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04052-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) problems and microbiota alterations have been frequently reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In addition, abnormal perinatal trace metal levels have been found in ASD. Accordingly, mice exposed to prenatal zinc deficiency display features of ASD-like behavior. Here, we model GI development using 3D intestinal organoids grown under zinc-restricted conditions. We found significant morphological alterations. Using proteomic approaches, we identified biological processes affected by zinc deficiency that regulate barrier permeability and pro-inflammatory pathways. We confirmed our results in vivo through proteomics studies and investigating GI development in zinc-deficient mice. These show altered GI physiology and pro-inflammatory signaling, resulting in chronic systemic and neuroinflammation, and gut microbiota composition similar to that reported in human ASD cases. Thus, low zinc status during development is sufficient to compromise intestinal barrier integrity and activate pro-inflammatory signaling, resulting in changes in microbiota composition that may aggravate inflammation, altogether mimicking the co-morbidities frequently observed in ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Katrin Sauer
- Cellular Neurobiology and Neuro-Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Bernal Institute, Analog Devices Building AD3-018, Castletroy, Limerick, V94PH61, Ireland
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sigita Malijauskaite
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Paula Meleady
- School of Biotechnology and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
- DZNE, Ulm Unit, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kieran McGourty
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Andreas M Grabrucker
- Cellular Neurobiology and Neuro-Nanotechnology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, Bernal Institute, Analog Devices Building AD3-018, Castletroy, Limerick, V94PH61, Ireland.
- Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
- Health Research Institute (HRI), University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
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Cossu D, Watson RO, Farina C. Editorial: A Microbial View of Central Nervous System Disorders: Interplay Between Microorganisms, Neuroinflammation and Behaviour. Front Immunol 2021; 12:816227. [PMID: 34975927 PMCID: PMC8716445 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.816227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Cossu
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Sassari University, Sassari, Italy
| | - Robert O. Watson
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, College of Medicine, Texas Agricultural and Mechanical (A&M) Health Science Center, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Cinthia Farina
- Institute of Experimental Neurology and Division of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Petrella C, Strimpakos G, Torcinaro A, Middei S, Ricci V, Gargari G, Mora D, De Santa F, Farioli-Vecchioli S. Proneurogenic and neuroprotective effect of a multi strain probiotic mixture in a mouse model of acute inflammation: Involvement of the gut-brain axis. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105795. [PMID: 34339837 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation can severely affect brain homeostasis and adult hippocampal neurogenesis with detrimental effects on cognitive processes. Brain and gut are intimately connected via the "gut-brain axis", a bidirectional communication system, and the administration of live bacteria (probiotics) has been shown to represent an intriguing approach for the prevention or even the cure of several diseases. In the present study we evaluated the putative neuroprotective effect of 15-days consumption of a multi-strain probiotic formulation based on food-associated strains and human gut bacteria at the dose of 109 CFU/mouse/day in a mouse model of acute inflammation, induced by an intraperitoneal single injection of LPS (0.1 mg/kg) at the end of probiotic administration. The results indicate that the prolonged administration of the multi-strain probiotic formulation not only prevents the LPS-dependent increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines in specific regions of the brain (hippocampus and cortex) and in the gastrointestinal district but also triggers a potent proneurogenic response capable of enhancing hippocampal neurogenesis. This effect is accompanied by a potentiation of intestinal barrier, as documented by the increased epithelial junction expression in the colon. Our hypothesis is that pre-treatment with the multi-strain probiotic formulation helps to create a systemic protection able to counteract or alleviate the effects of LPS-dependent acute pro-inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Petrella
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Georgios Strimpakos
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Torcinaro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Middei
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy; European Brain Research Institute (EBRI), Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Ricci
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gargari
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Diego Mora
- Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca De Santa
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, IBBC, CNR, Monterotondo, Rome, Italy
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