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Wang M, Ge B, Li R, Wang X, Lao J, Huang F. Milligram production and biological activity characterization of the human chemokine receptor CCR3. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65500. [PMID: 23755240 PMCID: PMC3670934 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Human chemokine receptor CCR3 (hCCR3) belongs to the G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) superfamily of membrane proteins and plays major roles in allergic diseases and angiogenesis. In order to study the structural and functional mechanism of hCCR3, it is essential to produce pure protein with biological functions on a milligram scale. Here we report the expression of hCCR3 gene in a tetracycline-inducible stable mammalian cell line. A cell clone with high hCCR3 expression was selected from 46 stably transfected cell clones and from this cell line pure hCCR3 on a milligram scale was obtained after two-step purification. Circular dichroism spectrum with a characteristic shape and magnitude for α-helix indicated proper folding of hCCR3 after purification. The biological activity of purified hCCR3 was verified by its high binding affinity with its endogenous ligands CCL11 and CCL24, with K D in the range of 10(-8) M to 10(-6) M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Renmin Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jun Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum (Huadong), Qingdao, Shandong, PR China
- * E-mail:
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Ren H, Yu D, Ge B, Cook B, Xu Z, Zhang S. High-level production, solubilization and purification of synthetic human GPCR chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR3, CXCR4 and CX3CR1. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4509. [PMID: 19223978 PMCID: PMC2637981 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemokine receptors belong to a class of integral membrane G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are responsible for transmitting signals from the extracellular environment. However, the structural changes in the receptor, connecting ligand binding to G-protein activation, remain elusive for most GPCRs due to the difficulty to produce them for structural and functional studies. We here report high-level production in E.coli of 4 human GPCRs, namely chemokine receptors (hCRs) CCR5, CCR3, CXCR4 and CX3CR1 that are directly involved in HIV-1 infection, asthma and cancer metastasis. The synthetic genes of CCR5, CCR3, CXCR4 and CX3CR1 were synthesized using a two-step assembly/amplification PCR method and inserted into two different kinds of expression systems. After systematic screening of growth conditions and host strains, TB medium was selected for expression of pEXP-hCRs. The low copy number pBAD-DEST49 plasmid, with a moderately strong promoter tightly regulated by L-arabinose, proved helpful for reducing toxicity of expressed membrane proteins. The synthetic Trx-hCR fusion genes in the pBAD-DEST49 vector were expressed at high levels in the Top10 strain. After a systematic screen of 96 detergents, the zwitterionic detergents of the Fos-choline series (FC9-FC16) emerged as the most effective for isolation of the hCRs. The FC14 was selected both for solubilization from bacterial lysates and for stabilization of the Trx-hCRs during purification. Thus, the FC-14 solubilized Trx-hCRs could be purified using size exclusion chromatography as monomers and dimers with the correct apparent MW and their alpha-helical content determined by circular dichroism. The identity of two of the expressed hCRs (CCR3 and CCR5) was confirmed using immunoblots using specific monoclonal antibodies. After optimization of expression systems and detergent-mediated purification procedures, we achieved large-scale, high-level production of 4 human GPCR chemokine receptor in a two-step purification, yielding milligram quantities of CCR5, CCR3, CXCR4 and CX3CR1 for biochemical, biophysical and structural analysis.
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MESH Headings
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1
- Cloning, Molecular/methods
- Escherichia coli/genetics
- Humans
- Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptors, CCR3/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR3/genetics
- Receptors, CCR3/isolation & purification
- Receptors, CCR5/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CCR5/genetics
- Receptors, CCR5/isolation & purification
- Receptors, CXCR4/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/isolation & purification
- Receptors, Chemokine/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Chemokine/genetics
- Receptors, Chemokine/isolation & purification
- Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Ren
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Daoyong Yu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Baosheng Ge
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Brian Cook
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zhinan Xu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Shuguang Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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