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Wiemels JL, Wang R, Feng Q, Clark CJ, Amatruda JF, Rubin E, Yee AC, Morimoto LM, Metayer C, Ma X. Birth Characteristics and Risk of Early-Onset Synovial Sarcoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2020; 29:1162-1167. [PMID: 32245786 PMCID: PMC7605594 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-0093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma is a rare cancer with peak incidence in the young adult period. Despite poor outcomes of this aggressive cancer, there is little epidemiologic research addressing its etiology. METHODS We collected birth characteristic data on synovial sarcoma cases born during 1978-2015 and diagnosed during 1988-2015 in California (n = 244), and 12,200 controls frequency-matched on year of birth. We also constructed a dataset of cancer cases in siblings of sarcoma subjects to assess familial risk. RESULTS In multivariable logistic regression analyses, synovial sarcoma was more frequent in Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites [OR, 1.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06-2.08]. Higher birth weight was a risk factor in Hispanics; each 500 g increase in birth weight was associated with a 22% increase in disease risk (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.00-1.48). Also, a strong role for birth order was suggested, with highest risk for the first born (second child compared with first: OR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.44-0.84; third or later compared with first: OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36-0.77). Siblings of patients with synovial sarcoma did not display elevated cancer incidence, suggesting the low likelihood that strong familial predisposition alleles play a significant role in this disease. CONCLUSIONS The associations with birth weight and birth order suggest that nutritional, developmental, and environmental factors may play a role in the etiology of synovial sarcoma. IMPACT Further epidemiologic research on synovial sarcoma should evaluate epigenetic and developmental mechanisms and the formation of the archetypical t(X;18) translocation that defines this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Wiemels
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Qianxi Feng
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Cassandra J Clark
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | | | - Elyssa Rubin
- Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, California
| | - Amy C Yee
- Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Libby M Morimoto
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Catherine Metayer
- School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California
| | - Xiaomei Ma
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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Ray-Coquard I, Le Cesne A, Whelan JS, Schoffski P, Bui BN, Verweij J, Marreaud S, van Glabbeke M, Hogendoorn P, Blay JY. A phase II study of gefitinib for patients with advanced HER-1 expressing synovial sarcoma refractory to doxorubicin-containing regimens. Oncologist 2008; 13:467-73. [PMID: 18448563 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2008-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Advanced synovial sarcomas (SyS) refractory to doxorubicin and ifosfamide are highly resistant to the currently available cytotoxic agents. Based on a report showing a specific overexpression of HER-1 in SyS, we investigated an HER-1 inhibitor, gefitinib, in refractory SyS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS To establish the efficacy and safety of gefitinib in HER-1 - positive SyS refractory to one or two lines of doxorubicin- and ifosfamide-based chemotherapy, a phase II study was conducted from December 2002 to October 2005 by 12 centers of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group. Gefitinib was given at a 500-mg/day oral dose until progression or intolerance. RESULTS Forty-eight patients were included (46 eligible). All patients had previously received chemotherapy for metastatic disease, with a median number of two lines (range, 1-4). The most frequent metastatic sites were the lungs (n = 44, 92%), lymph nodes (n = 11, 23%), and soft tissues (n = 10, 21%). The median duration of treatment was 43 days (range, 13-315). Treatment was interrupted in five patients (10%). Treatment was halted for progression in 45 (94%) patients. The best response was stable disease in 10 patients (21%). Disease progression occurred in 32 patients (70%), with a median time to disease progression of 6 weeks. Progression-free survival at 4 and 6 months was 21% and 6%, respectively. CONCLUSION The results show that gefitinib monotherapy in advanced SyS refractory to conventional chemotherapy did not demonstrate sufficient activity to warrant further investigation in this setting. This may suggest that HER-1 is not a critical protein in tumor progression in this disease.
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Pazzaglia L, Benassi MS, Ragazzini P, Gamberi G, Ponticelli F, Chiechi A, Hattinger CM, Morandi L, Alberghini M, Zanella L, Picci P, Mercuri M. Molecular alterations of monophasic synovial sarcoma: loss of chromosome 3p does not alter RASSF1 and MLH1 transcriptional activity. Histol Histopathol 2006; 21:187-95. [PMID: 16329043 DOI: 10.14670/hh-21.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Differential diagnosis of monophasic synovial sarcoma requires the detection of specific biological markers. In this study we evaluated the presence of molecular alterations in 15 monophasic synovial sarcomas. Multiple changes affecting chromosome arms were detected by CGH-array in all microdissected cases available, and an association between gain or loss of specific regions harbouring cancer progression-associated genes and aneuploid status was found. The most frequent alteration was loss of 3p including 3p21.3-p23 region that, however, did not involve the promoter regions of the corresponding genes, RASSF1 and MLH1. Using Real-Time PCR, mRNA levels of both resulted moderately high compared to normal tissue; however, the weak to absent protein expression suggests RASSF1 and MLH1 post-transcription deregulation. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that both mesenchymal and epithelial antigens were present in diploid tumours. These findings confirm the genetic complexity of monophasic synovial sarcoma and underline the need to integrate different analyses for a better knowledge of this tumour, essential to investigate new diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Adult
- Aged
- Biomarkers, Tumor
- Carrier Proteins/analysis
- Carrier Proteins/genetics
- Carrier Proteins/physiology
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3/genetics
- DNA, Neoplasm/analysis
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Keratins/analysis
- Keratins/genetics
- Male
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Middle Aged
- Mucin-1/analysis
- Mucin-1/genetics
- MutL Protein Homolog 1
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/chemistry
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/genetics
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/pathology
- Neoplasms, Connective Tissue/physiopathology
- Nuclear Proteins/analysis
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/physiology
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Prognosis
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Sarcoma, Synovial/chemistry
- Sarcoma, Synovial/genetics
- Sarcoma, Synovial/pathology
- Sarcoma, Synovial/physiopathology
- Transcription, Genetic
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/analysis
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/physiology
- Vimentin/analysis
- Vimentin/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- L Pazzaglia
- Laboratory of Oncologic Research, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy
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Kawauchi S, Fukuda T, Tsuneyoshi M. Angiogenesis does not correlate with prognosis or expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in synovial sarcomas. Oncol Rep 1999; 6:959-64. [PMID: 10425286 DOI: 10.3892/or.6.5.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the significance of tumour angiogenesis in synovial sarcoma on prognosis, we analysed the correlation between microvessel density (MVD) and various clinicopathological factors or immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 54 primary and recurrent synovial sarcomas. MVD in synovial sarcomas did not correlate with prognosis or VEGF expression. Furthermore, VEGF expression in synovial sarcomas did not have any prognostic value on overall survival. Our results indicate that angiogenesis does not play an important role in metastasis of synovial sarcoma and overall survival. Angiogenesis in synovial sarcoma may be controlled by angiogenesis activators other than VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kawauchi
- Department of Pathology, National Kyushu Cancer Centre, Fukuoka, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Rosenberg
- Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
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Abstract
AIM To evaluate the oncological and functional result of the treatment of patients with a synovial sarcoma. This paper gives a retrospective review of 20 patients (15 male and five female) treated for synovial sarcoma at the Nijmegen University Hospital, The Netherlands. METHODS The median age of the patients was 30 years (range: 14-71, mean 37 years). RESULTS The tumour locations were: lower extremity in 12 patients; upper extremity in three; pelvic and groin region in four; and the retroperitoneal space in one. Surgical stages according to Enneking (Clin Orthop 1986; 204: 9-24) were IIA in five cases; IIB in seven; and IIIB in eight. The surgical margin was intralesional in three cases; marginal in three; wide in six; and radical in six. In one case the surgical margin could not be assessed and one patient was not operated. One patient developed a recurrent tumour and one developed nodal metastases. Eight patients who did not have metastases at the time of diagnosis developed metastase during follow-up. Fourteen patients died of metastatic disease; one patient died of diabetes; one is alive with disease; and four presently do not have evidence of disease. CONCLUSIONS The outcome was poor, especially due to the occurrence of pulmonary metastases. The functional result according to the MSTS was 100% in four patients; in one the result was 93% because of the scar and venous insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J van der Heide
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Abstract
Tumor-induced hypercalcemia (TIH) is a frequent complication of advanced cancer, but it has been rarely reported in patients with sarcoma. We describe the case of a young female patient with TIH and with an extensive synoviosarcoma of the left lower limb destroying the bony structures. Hypercalcemia was severe (18.3 mg/dl) and accompanied by low serum Pi and suppressed parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1,25(OH)2 vit D3 serum concentrations. Hypercalcemia was successfully treated with ibandronate, a new third-generation bisphosphonate, and radical surgery was performed when the patient was normocalcemic. Circulating levels of PTH-related protein (PTHrP) were elevated at 22.5 pmol/L (NI < 9). PTHrP levels did not change after successful therapy of TIH, in contrast with PTH, which increased sharply. PTHrP levels were normalized after radical surgery. Moreover, low serum Pi with reduced threshold for phosphate excretion and increased tubular calcium reabsorption supported the notion that PTHrP was indeed the essential mediator of paraneoplastic hypercalcemia in this case despite the extensive bone destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Oleffe
- Bone Metabolism Unit, Clinique H.J. Tagnon, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium
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Pappo AS, Fontanesi J, Luo X, Rao BN, Parham DM, Hurwitz C, Avery L, Pratt CB. Synovial sarcoma in children and adolescents: the St Jude Children's Research Hospital experience. J Clin Oncol 1994; 12:2360-6. [PMID: 7964951 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1994.12.11.2360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS We reviewed the clinical records and pathologic findings of 37 children and adolescents with synovial sarcoma treated at our institution over a 30-year period to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor size, invasiveness, histology, and other features. RESULTS The 20 male and 17 female patients with synovial sarcoma had a median age of 13.7 years at diagnosis. Primary tumor sites were the extremities (n = 27), trunk (n = 8), and head and neck (n = 2). Disease stage (clinical group) was as follows: group I, n = 21; group II, n = 7; group III, n = 4; and group IV, n = 5. Nineteen patients had invasive (T2) lesions, 20 had tumors more than 5 cm in diameter, and 14 had histologic grade 3 lesions. The estimated 5-year survival rate (+/- SE) for patients with group I or II disease was 80% +/- 9%, compared with 17% +/- 15% for those with group III or IV tumors (P = .0003). An exact log-rank test, adjusted for clinical group, showed that tumor invasiveness and grade independently predicted overall and progression-free survival (P < .05); tumor size was significantly correlated with progression-free survival. A borderline significant relationship with overall survival was found for both tumor size and histologic subtype (P = .09). CONCLUSION A controlled trial of adjuvant chemotherapy is merited in children with resected synovial sarcoma (clinical group I or II) who present with unfavorable clinicopathologic features such as large, invasive, or grade 3 lesions. Children with unresected or metastatic disease fare poorly despite multimodality therapy and require novel treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Pappo
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38101-0318
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Raleigh JA, Zeman EM, Rathman M, LaDine JK, Cline JM, Thrall DE. Development of an ELISA for the detection of 2-nitroimidazole hypoxia markers bound to tumor tissue. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1992; 22:403-5. [PMID: 1310494 DOI: 10.1016/0360-3016(92)90841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Canine and rodent tumors covalently bind the fluorinated 2-nitroimidazole, CCI-103F, in a way that immunohistochemical analysis shows is consistent with the location of tumor hypoxia. We have now developed a rapid, quantitative, and non-radioactive enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for the binding of CCI-103F in biopsy samples of spontaneous canine tumors. Issues of antigen stability during tissue processing, calibration of the ELISA, and the use of biopsy samples for measuring tumor hypoxia by the ELISA approach are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Raleigh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill 27599
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Abstract
The antigenic phenotype, ultrastructure and bone resorbing ability of mononuclear and multinucleated giant cells of four giant cell tumour of tendon sheath (GCTTS) lesions was assessed. Both the giant cells and the mononuclear cells exhibited the antigenic phenotype of cells of the monocyte/macrophage lineage. The giant cells, unlike osteoclasts, did not respond morphologically to calcitonin and showed ultrastructural and immunophenotypic features of macrophage polykaryons. However, like osteoclasts, the giant cells showed direct evidence of resorption pit formation on bone slices. This indicates that the GCTTS is composed of cells of histiocytic differentiation with the giant and mononuclear cell components expressing a similar antigenic phenotype. Bone resorption by macrophage polykaryons shows that this is not a unique defining characteristic of osteoclasts. Qualitative differences in the degree and pattern of bone resorption by macrophage polykaryons distinguish it from that of osteoclasts and may underlie the clinical behaviour of osteolytic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Athanasou
- Nuffield Department of Pathology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK
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11
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Michiels I, Antoniadis A, Palme E. [Unclear foot pain: initial symptom of a malignant synovioma]. Fortschr Med 1990; 108:604-8. [PMID: 2175728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Four cases of malignant synovialoma (synonym: synovial sarcoma) of the sole of the foot are reported. A striking feature of all four cases was the long delay before the final diagnosis was made. Although this condition is rare, our cases nevertheless show that chronic neuralgiform pain close to the joint should prompt consideration of this tumor in the differential diagnosis. However, even surgical revision or explorations do not always reveal the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Michiels
- Orthopädische Klinik und Poliklinik, Universität Mainz
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12
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Ibáñez Esquembre V, Becerra Lopez A, González Rios J, Collado Bueno G, Masegosa A, Cabrera Garrido AL, García García C, Herrera F, García Montes I. [Phlebectasic edema caused by synovial sarcoma]. Angiologia 1986; 38:212-21. [PMID: 3017153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Abstract
The light microscopy and ultrastructural features of two maxillofacial synovial sarcomas are presented. By light microscopy, one of the tumors revealed the typical biphasic pattern while the other was predominantly fibrosarcomatous. Ultrastructurally, both cases revealed a biphasic pattern. Epithelial-like cells displayed abundant mitochondria, Golgi profiles, electron-dense bodies, cytolysosomes, and thin filaments. Stromal cells were spindle-shaped and provided with smaller cytoplasm and scant organelles, mainly consisting of profiles of rough endoplasmic retuculum, mitochondria, and free ribosomes. Pseudoglandular spaces lined by cuboidal to flattened epithelial-like cells with apical microvilli were numerous. Basal lamina and intercellular junctions were prominent in one case, but sparse in the other. The most undifferentiated tumor revealed many intercellular clefts containing filopodia among the epithelial-like cells; occasional intracyltoplasmic lumina were also present. These findings are somewhat similar to those reported in normal and nonneoplastic diseases of the synovium. However, the location of the tumors in areas normally devoid of synovium suggests one more that they might arise from nonspecialized primitive mesenchyme.
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Bahners W, Burkhardt K. [Clinical picture, disease course and prognosis of malignant synovialomas]. Chirurg 1974; 45:507-10. [PMID: 4374343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Pear BL. The histiocyte in radiology; with case reports of retroperitoneal xanthogranuloma and malignant fibrous xanthoma. Am J Roentgenol Radium Ther Nucl Med 1970; 110:159-65. [PMID: 4319042 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.110.1.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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