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Johnson M, Ou SH, Felip E, Baik C, Besse B, Mazieres J, Camidge D, Gadgeel S, Drilon A, Elamin Y, Liu G, Reuss J, Kehrig T, Pelish H, Zhu V, Lin J. 81TiP NVL-655, a selective anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor, in patients with advanced ALK-positive solid tumors: The phase I/II ALKOVE-1 study. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Hoejgaard M, Drilon A, Lin J, Kummar S, Tan D, Patel J, Leyvraz S, Garcia VM, Rosen L, Solomon B, Yachnin J, Liu Y, Dai MS, Norenberg R, Burcoveanu DI, Yun L, Beckmann G, Mussi C, Shen L. 15MO Efficacy and ctDNA analysis in an updated cohort of patients with TRK fusion lung cancer treated with larotrectinib. J Thorac Oncol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(23)00269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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Repetto M, Crimini E, Belli C, Boscolo Bielo L, Ascione L, Drilon A, Curigliano G. 88P Evaluation of trending drug targets and technologies in current drug development. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Chen M, Yang S, Chang J, Kris M, Drilon A. 74P Tumor agnostic comparison of immunohistochemistry and next-generation sequencing in detecting ALK fusions and assessment of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitor efficacy. ESMO Open 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.100932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Araujo D, Greystoke A, Bates S, Bayle A, Calvo E, Castelo-Branco L, de Bono J, Drilon A, Garralda E, Ivy P, Kholmanskikh O, Melero I, Pentheroudakis G, Petrie J, Plummer R, Ponce S, Postel-Vinay S, Siu L, Spreafico A, Stathis A, Steeghs N, Yap C, Yap TA, Ratain M, Seymour L. Oncology phase I trial design and conduct: time for a change - MDICT Guidelines 2022. Ann Oncol 2023; 34:48-60. [PMID: 36182023 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, the Food and Drug Administration Oncology Center of Excellence announced Project Optimus focusing on dose optimization for oncology drugs. The Methodology for the Development of Innovative Cancer Therapies (MDICT) Taskforce met to review and discuss the optimization of dosage for oncology trials and to develop a practical guide for oncology phase I trials. Defining a single recommended phase II dose based on toxicity may define doses that are neither the most effective nor the best tolerated. MDICT recommendations address the need for robust non-clinical data which are needed to inform trial design, as well as an expert team including statisticians and pharmacologists. The protocol must be flexible and adaptive, with clear definition of all endpoints. Health authorities should be consulted early and regularly. Strategies such as randomization, intrapatient dose escalation, and real-world eligibility criteria are encouraged whereas serial tumor sampling is discouraged in the absence of a strong rationale and appropriately validated assay. Endpoints should include consideration of all longitudinal toxicity. The phase I dose escalation trial should define the recommended dose range for later testing in randomized phase II trials, rather than a single recommended phase II dose, and consider scenarios where different populations may require different dosages. The adoption of these recommendations will improve dosage selection in early clinical trials of new anticancer treatments and ultimately, outcomes for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Araujo
- Hospital de Base, Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - A Greystoke
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle, UK
| | - S Bates
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - A Bayle
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris, France
| | - E Calvo
- START Madrid-CIOCC, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Castelo-Branco
- European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - J de Bono
- Institute of Cancer Research, University of London, London; The Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - A Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - E Garralda
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P Ivy
- National Cancer Institute, USA Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program Investigational Drug Branch (NCI/CTEP/IDB), Bethesda, USA
| | - O Kholmanskikh
- European Medicines Agency, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Federal Agency for Medicines and Health Products, Brussels, Belgium
| | - I Melero
- CUN and CIMA, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - G Pentheroudakis
- European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - J Petrie
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston
| | - R Plummer
- Northern Centre for Cancer Care, Newcastle, UK
| | - S Ponce
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Paris, France
| | | | - L Siu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Spreafico
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - A Stathis
- Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, EOC, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - N Steeghs
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - C Yap
- Institute of Cancer Research, University of London, London
| | - T A Yap
- Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston
| | - M Ratain
- Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA
| | - L Seymour
- Canadian Cancer Trials Group, Queen's University, Kingston.
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Shen L, Hong D, Tahara M, Baik C, Bauman J, Gilbert J, Brose M, Grilley-Olson J, Patil T, McDermott R, Raez L, Johnson J, Norenberg R, Dima L, Mussi C, Le X, Drilon A. 222O Updated efficacy and safety of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion salivary gland tumours. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Cho B, Lin J, Camidge D, Velcheti V, Solomon B, Lu S, Lee K, Kim S, Kao S, Diadziuskzko R, Beg M, Nagasaka M, Felip E, Besse B, Springfeld C, Popat S, Wolf J, Trone D, Stopatschinskaja S, Drilon A. Pivotal topline data from the phase 1/2 TRIDENT-1 trial of repotrectinib in patients with ROS1+ advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)00812-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Fan Y, Drilon A, Chiu CH, Bowles D, Loong H, Siena S, Goto K, Krzakowski M, Ahn MJ, Murakami H, Dziadziuszko R, Zeuner H, Pitcher B, Cheick D, Krebs M. MA13.04 Entrectinib in Patients with ROS1 Fusion-Positive (ROS1-fp) NSCLC: Updated Efficacy and Safety Analysis. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Drilon A, Ou SH, Gadgeel S, Johnson M, Spira A, Lopes G, Besse B, Felip E, van der Wekken A, Calles A, de Miguel M, Camidge D, Elamin Y, Liu S, Bauman J, Haggstrom D, Riley G, Pelish H, Zhu V, Lin J. EP08.02-041 NVL-520, a Highly Selective ROS1 Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced ROS1-Positive Solid Tumors: The Phase 1/2 ARROS-1 Study. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Moreno V, Lin J, Tan D, Lassen U, Leyvraz S, Liu Y, Patel J, Rosen L, Solomon B, Rudolph M, Norenberg R, Schulz A, Fellous M, Brega N, Shen L, Kummar S, Drilon A. 61P Updated efficacy and ctDNA analysis of patients with TRK fusion lung cancer treated with larotrectinib. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Drilon A, Subbiah V, Gautschi O, Tomasini P, De Braud F, Solomon B, Shao-Weng Tan D, Alonso G, Wolf J, Park K, Goto K, Soldatenkova V, Szymczak S, Barker S, Puri T, Lin A, Loong H, Besse B. 27P Durability of efficacy and safety with selpercatinib in patients (pts) with RET fusion+ non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.02.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Smeltzer M, Bunn B, Choi Y, Coate L, Corona-Cruz J, Drilon A, Duma N, Edelman M, Fidler M, Gadgeel S, Goto Y, Herbst R, Hesdorffer M, Higgins K, Labdi B, Leal T, Liu S, Mazotti J, Novello S, Patel S, Popat S, Ramirez R, Reckamp K, Reguart N, Soo R, Tan A, Wolf J, Yano S, Stiles B, Baird A. OA17.04 The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Telehealth and Care for Persons With Thoracic Cancers. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8523155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Drilon A, Lin J, Lassen U, Leyvraz S, Liu Y, Patel J, Rosen L, Solomon B, Norenberg R, Dima L, Brega N, Shen L, Moreno V, Kummar S, Tan D. P53.02 Efficacy and Safety of Larotrectinib in Patients With Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (TRK) Fusion-Positive Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Laetsch T, van Tilburg C, Kummar S, Dowlati A, Guiver K, Fellous M, Brega N, De La Cuesta E, Shurshalina A, Drilon A, Hong D. 536P Incidence of fractures in TRK fusion cancer patients treated with larotrectinib. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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Paz-Ares L, Barlesi F, Siena S, Ahn MJ, Drilon A, Conley A, Rolfo C, Wolf J, Seto T, Doebele R, Kapre A, Chen D, McCallum S, Osborne S, Demetri G. Patient-reported outcomes from STARTRK-2: a global phase II basket study of entrectinib for ROS1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer and NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours. ESMO Open 2021; 6:100113. [PMID: 33930659 PMCID: PMC8100628 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are increasingly relevant endpoints in clinical trials, contributing to our understanding of risk-benefit profiles, in addition to efficacy and safety data. We investigated the impact of entrectinib on patient-reported symptoms, functioning, and health-related quality of life. PATIENTS AND METHODS STARTRK-2 is a phase II basket study in patients with locally advanced/metastatic neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 1/2/3 (NTRK1/2/3) and ROS proto-oncogene 1 (ROS1) fusion-positive solid tumours. PROs (prespecified secondary endpoint) were evaluated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire (QLQ-C30), lung cancer module (QLQ-LC13), and colorectal cancer module (QLQ-CR29), and the EuroQoL 5-Dimension 3-Level instruments, completed before cycle 1 day 1 and each subsequent 4-week cycle of entrectinib dosing, and the end of treatment. Adverse events and treatment-related symptoms were assessed in the safety analysis (SA)-PRO population. Tumour-related symptoms, functioning, and global health status were assessed in the efficacy analysis (EA)-PRO population. Data cut-offs: 31 October 2018 NTRK cohort; 01 May 2019 ROS1 cohort. RESULTS SA-PRO populations comprised patients with NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours (N = 88) or ROS1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (N = 180) who received one or more doses of entrectinib, completed PRO questionnaires on cycle 1 day 1 and answered one or more questions on-study. EA-PRO populations (N = 71) and (N = 145), respectively, comprised SA-PRO patients with measurable baseline disease. Moderate-to-high baseline global health status scores were maintained in EA-PRO populations during treatment. Role and physical functioning scores were moderate-to-high at baseline, with trends towards clinical improvement during treatment. Both cohorts reported low-to-moderate symptom burden at baseline, which was maintained or trended towards clinically meaningful improvement. Symptoms commonly associated with cancer treatment (e.g. nausea, fatigue) remained stable or improved during treatment. All SA-PRO patients experienced one or more adverse events, most frequently constipation or diarrhoea. CONCLUSIONS PRO findings were consistent with the favourable safety profile of entrectinib, and further reinforce the positive benefit-risk profile of this treatment, indicating minimal overall treatment burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Paz-Ares
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, CNIO-H12o Lung Cancer Clinical Research Unit, Universidad Complutense & Ciberonc, Madrid, Spain.
| | - F Barlesi
- Medical Oncology Department, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - S Siena
- Medical Oncology Department, Niguarda Cancer Center, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M-J Ahn
- Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - A Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Conley
- Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas, Houston, USA
| | - C Rolfo
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - J Wolf
- Department I of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - T Seto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - R Doebele
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado, Aurora, USA
| | - A Kapre
- Department of Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - D Chen
- Product Development Oncology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - S McCallum
- Medication Safety and Risk Management, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, USA
| | - S Osborne
- PDMA Operations (Biometrics), F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - G Demetri
- Department of Oncologic Pathology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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Liu S, De Braud F, Drilon A, Doebele R, Patel M, Cho B, Ahn M, Chiu C, Farago A, Goto K, Lee J, Ohe Y, Ou S, Cassier P, Tan D, Otterson G, Veronese L, Osborne S, Simmons B, Siena S. Corrigendum to “Entrectinib in patients with ROS1 fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours: Analysis of response by line of therapy”. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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17
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Garcia VM, Lin J, Patel J, Lassen U, Solomon B, Rosen L, Leyvraz S, Tan D, Reeves J, Beckmann G, Rudolph M, Wierzbinska J, Dima L, Brega N, Kummar S, Drilon A. 162P Long-term efficacy and genomic characteristics of patients with TRK fusion lung cancer treated with larotrectinib. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)02004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Barrios DM, Phillips GS, Geisler AN, Trelles SR, Markova A, Noor SJ, Quigley EA, Haliasos HC, Moy AP, Schram AM, Bromberg J, Funt SA, Voss MH, Drilon A, Hellmann MD, Comen EA, Narala S, Patel AB, Wetzel M, Jung JY, Leung DYM, Lacouture ME. IgE blockade with omalizumab reduces pruritus related to immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-HER2 therapies. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:736-745. [PMID: 33667669 PMCID: PMC9282165 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) blockade with omalizumab has demonstrated clinical benefit in pruritus-associated dermatoses (e.g. atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, urticaria). In oncology, pruritus-associated cutaneous adverse events (paCAEs) are frequent with immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) and targeted anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) therapies. Thus, we sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of IgE blockade with omalizumab in cancer patients with refractory paCAEs related to CPIs and anti-HER2 agents. Patients and methods: Patients included in this multicenter retrospective analysis received monthly subcutaneous injections of omalizumab for CPI or anti-HER2 therapy-related grade 2/3 pruritus that was refractory to topical corticosteroids plus at least one additional systemic intervention. To assess clinical response to omalizumab, we used the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0. The primary endpoint was defined as reduction in the severity of paCAEs to grade 1/0. Results: A total of 34 patients (50% female, median age 67.5 years) received omalizumab for cancer therapy-related paCAEs (71% CPIs; 29% anti-HER2). All had solid tumors (29% breast, 29% genitourinary, 15% lung, 26% other), and most (n = 18, 64%) presented with an urticarial phenotype. In total, 28 of 34 (82%) patients responded to omalizumab. The proportion of patients receiving oral corticosteroids as supportive treatment for management of paCAEs decreased with IgE blockade, from 50% to 9% (P < 0.001). Ten of 32 (31%) patients had interruption of oncologic therapy due to skin toxicity; four of six (67%) were successfully rechallenged following omalizumab. There were no reports of anaphylaxis or hypersensitivity reactions related to omalizumab. Conclusions: IgE blockade with omalizumab demonstrated clinical efficacy and was well tolerated in cancer patients with pruritus related to CPIs and anti-HER2 therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Barrios
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - G S Phillips
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A N Geisler
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - S R Trelles
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Markova
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - S J Noor
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - E A Quigley
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - H C Haliasos
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - A P Moy
- Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA; Dermatopathology Service, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A M Schram
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - J Bromberg
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - S A Funt
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - M H Voss
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - E A Comen
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA
| | - S Narala
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - A B Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - M Wetzel
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA
| | - J Y Jung
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, USA; Dermatology Service, Department of Medical Oncology, Norton Cancer Institute, Louisville, USA
| | - D Y M Leung
- Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, USA
| | - M E Lacouture
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
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Goto K, Wolf J, Elamin Y, Santini F, Soldatenkova V, Sashegyi A, Lin AB, Lin B, Novello S, Arriola Aperribay E, Perol M, Loong H, Drilon A, Park K, Solomon B, Zhou C. FP14.05 LIBRETTO-431: Selpercatinib in Treatment-Naïve Patients with RET Fusion-Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Belli C, Penault-Llorca F, Ladanyi M, Normanno N, Scoazec JY, Lacroix L, Reis-Filho JS, Subbiah V, Gainor JF, Endris V, Repetto M, Drilon A, Scarpa A, André F, Douillard JY, Curigliano G. ESMO recommendations on the standard methods to detect RET fusions and mutations in daily practice and clinical research. Ann Oncol 2021; 32:337-350. [PMID: 33455880 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant activation of RET is a critical driver of growth and proliferation in diverse solid tumours. Multikinase inhibitors (MKIs) showing anti-RET activities have been tested in RET-altered tumours with variable results. The low target specificity with consequent increase in side-effects and off-target toxicities resulting in dose reduction and drug discontinuation are some of the major issues with MKIs. To overcome these issues, new selective RET inhibitors such as pralsetinib (BLU-667) and selpercatinib (LOXO-292) have been developed in clinical trials, with selpercatinib recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The results of these trials showed marked and durable antitumour activity and manageable toxicity profiles in patients with RET-altered tumours. The European Society for Medical Oncology (ESMO) Translational Research and Precision Medicine Working Group (TR and PM WG) launched a collaborative project to review the available methods for the detection of RET gene alterations, their potential applications and strategies for the implementation of a rational approach for the detection of RET fusion genes and mutations in human malignancies. We present here recommendations for the routine clinical detection of targetable RET rearrangements and mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Belli
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - F Penault-Llorca
- University Clermont Auvergne, INSERM U1240, Centre Jean Perrin, Department of BioPathology, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - M Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology and Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - N Normanno
- Cell Biology and Biotherapy Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale"-IRCCS, Naples, Italy
| | - J-Y Scoazec
- AMMICa, CNRS-UMS 3655 and INSERM-US23, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Pathology and Translational Research, Gustave Roussy Cancer Centre, Villejuif, France
| | - L Lacroix
- Translational Research Laboratory and Biobank, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Inserm U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - J S Reis-Filho
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - V Subbiah
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - J F Gainor
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA
| | - V Endris
- Institute of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - M Repetto
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - A Drilon
- Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Scarpa
- ARC-Net Research Centre and Department of Diagnostics and Public Health - Section of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - F André
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - J-Y Douillard
- Scientific and Medical Division, European Society for Medical Oncology, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - G Curigliano
- Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapies, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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Rotow J, Patel J, Hanley M, Yu H, Goldman J, Nechustan H, Scheffler M, Awad M, Clifford S, Santucci A, Silva L, Tupper R, Oxnard G, Kherani J, Drilon A. FP14.07 Combination Osimertinib plus Selpercatinib for EGFR-mutant Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) with Acquired RET fusions. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Tan D, Farago A, Kummar S, Moreno V, Patel J, Lassen U, Solomon B, Rosen L, Leyvraz S, Reeves J, Brega N, Dima L, Childs B, Drilon A. MA11.09 Efficacy and Safety of Larotrectinib in Patients with Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (TRK) Fusion Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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23
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Wu J, Liu D, Offin M, Lezcano C, Torrisi JM, Brownstein S, Hyman DM, Gounder MM, Abida W, Drilon A, Harding JJ, Sullivan RJ, Janku F, Welsch D, Varterasian M, Groover A, Li BT, Lacouture ME. Characterization and management of ERK inhibitor associated dermatologic adverse events: analysis from a nonrandomized trial of ulixertinib for advanced cancers. Invest New Drugs 2021; 39:785-795. [PMID: 33389388 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-020-01035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Ulixertinib is the first-in-class ERK1/2 kinase inhibitor with encouraging clinical activity in BRAF- and NRAS-mutant cancers. Dermatologic adverse events (dAEs) are common with ulixertinib, so management guidelines like those established for epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor (EGFRi)-associated dAEs are needed. Patients and Methods This was an open-label, multicenter, phase I dose escalation and expansion trial of ulixertinib evaluating data from 135 patients with advanced malignancies enrolled between March 2013 and July 2017. Histopathological features, management, and dAEs in 34 patients are also reported. Twice daily oral ulixertinib was administered at 10 to 900 mg in the dose escalation cohort (n = 27) and at 600 mg in 21-day cycles in the expansion cohort (n = 108). Results The incidence of ulixertinib-induced dAEs and combined rash were 79% (107/135) and 76% (102/135). The most common dAEs included acneiform rash (45/135, 33%), maculopapular rash (36/135, 27%), and pruritus (34/135, 25%). Grade 3 dAEs were observed in 19% (25/135) of patients; no grade 4 or 5 dAEs were seen. The presence of at least 1 dAE was associated with stable disease (SD) or partial response (PR) (OR = 3.64, 95% CI 1.52-8.72; P = .003). Acneiform rash was associated with a PR (OR = 10.19, 95% CI 2.67-38.91; P < .001). Conclusion The clinical spectrum of ulixertinib-induced dAEs was similar to EGFR and MEK inhibitors; dAEs may serve as a surrogate marker of tumor response. We propose treatment algorithms for common ERK inhibitor-induced dAEs to maintain patients' quality of life and dose intensity for maximal clinical benefit. Clinical Trial Registration: NCT01781429.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wu
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Drug Hypersensitivity Clinical and Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Linkou, Taipei, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - D Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - M Offin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - C Lezcano
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - J M Torrisi
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - S Brownstein
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - D M Hyman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - M M Gounder
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - W Abida
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Thoracic Oncology and Early Drug Development Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 74th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - J J Harding
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - R J Sullivan
- Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - F Janku
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - D Welsch
- BioMed Valley Discoveries, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA
| | - M Varterasian
- BioMed Valley Discoveries, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA
| | - A Groover
- BioMed Valley Discoveries, Kansas City, MO, 64111, USA
| | - B T Li
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Thoracic Oncology and Early Drug Development Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 74th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
| | - M E Lacouture
- Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA. .,Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medicine, 530 East 74th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
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Drilon A, Moreno V, Patel J, Lassen U, Solomon B, Rosen L, Leyvraz S, Tan D, Reeves J, Dima L, Brega N, Kummar S, Farago A. MO01.35 Efficacy and Safety of Larotrectinib in Patients with Tropomyosin Receptor Kinase (TRK) Fusion Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2020.10.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Barlesi F, Wolf J, Ahn MJ, Doebele R, Paz-Ares L, Rolfo C, Siena S, Seto T, Ohe Y, Ou S, Krebs M, Kapre A, Piault-Louis E, McCallum S, Osborne S, Aziez A, Drilon A. 385P Patient reported outcomes (PROs) analysis for patients with ROS1 fusion-positive (ROS1+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving entrectinib in the global phase II STARTRK-2 study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.10.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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26
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Lebow E, Murciano-Goroff Y, Razavi P, Reis-Filho J, Flynn J, Zhang Z, Tu H, Bertucci C, Lim L, Li M, Drilon A, Riely G, Rudin C, Jones D, Yang T, Rimner A, Arcila M, Isbell J, Li B, Gomez D. Circulating Tumor DNA as a Biomarker in Oligometastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2020.07.952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Laskin J, Liu SV, Tolba K, Heining C, Schlenk RF, Cheema P, Cadranel J, Jones MR, Drilon A, Cseh A, Gyorffy S, Solca F, Duruisseaux M. NRG1 fusion-driven tumors: biology, detection, and the therapeutic role of afatinib and other ErbB-targeting agents. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1693-1703. [PMID: 32916265 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic gene fusions are hybrid genes that result from structural DNA rearrangements, leading to deregulated activity. Fusions involving the neuregulin-1 gene (NRG1) result in ErbB-mediated pathway activation and therefore present a rational candidate for targeted treatment. The most frequently reported NRG1 fusion is CD74-NRG1, which most commonly occurs in patients with invasive mucinous adenocarcinomas (IMAs) of the lung, although several other NRG1 fusion partners have been identified in patients with lung cancer, including ATP1B1, SDC4, and RBPMS. NRG1 fusions are also present in patients with other solid tumors, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. In general, NRG1 fusions are rare across different types of cancer, with a reported incidence of <1%, with the notable exception of IMA, which represents ≈2%-10% of lung adenocarcinomas and has a reported incidence of ≈10%-30% for NRG1 fusions. A substantial proportion (≈20%) of NRG1 fusion-positive non-small-cell lung cancer cases are nonmucinous adenocarcinomas. ErbB-targeted treatments, such as afatinib, a pan-ErbB tyrosine kinase inhibitor, are potential therapeutic strategies to address unmet treatment needs in patients harboring NRG1 fusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Laskin
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - S V Liu
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, USA
| | - K Tolba
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - C Heining
- Department of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Dresden, Germany; Center for Personalized Oncology, NCT Dresden and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden at Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Dresden, Germany
| | - R F Schlenk
- National Center of Tumor Diseases Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital and German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - P Cheema
- William Osler Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Cadranel
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon and Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - M R Jones
- QIAGEN Digital Insights, QIAGEN Inc., Redwood City, CA, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - A Cseh
- Boehringer Ingelheim International GmbH, Ingelheim, Germany
| | - S Gyorffy
- AstraZeneca Canada Ltd, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - F Solca
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Duruisseaux
- Hospices Civils de Lyon Cancer Institute, Anticancer Antibodies Lab Cancer Research Center of Lyon INSERM 1052 CNRS 528, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Mazieres J, Tomasini P, Lusque A, Boucekine M, Gautschi O, Cortot A, Couraud S, Thai A, Ng T, Greillier L, Veillon R, Neal J, Popat S, Gounant V, Mhanna L, Drilon A, Baron JM, Barlesi F. 1279P Impact of KRAS mutations and subtypes on efficacy of immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Cabanillas M, Drilon A, Farago A, Brose M, McDermott R, Sohal D, Oh DY, Almubarak M, Bauman J, Chu E, Kummar S, Leyvraz S, Park K, Reeves J, Dima L, Maeda P, Rodrigues L, Brega N, Hong D, Waguespack S. 1916P Larotrectinib treatment of advanced TRK fusion thyroid cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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John T, Chiu CH, Cho B, Fakih M, Farago A, Demetri G, Goto K, Doebele R, Siena S, Drilon A, Patel M, Liu S, Ahn MJ, Bazhenova L, Overbeck T, Nieva J, Kim SW, Veronese L, Day BM, De Braud F. 364O Intracranial efficacy of entrectinib in patients with NTRK fusion-positive solid tumours and baseline CNS metastases. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Conley A, Demetri G, Doebele R, Drilon A, Paz-Ares L, Cassier P, Siena S, Ahn MJ, Buchschacher G, Seto T, Chee C, Krzakowski M, Ou SH, Grohé C, Zagonel V, Spira A, Cheng A, Kapre A, Piault E, Rolfo C. 539P Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) from patients (Pts) with NTRK fusion-positive (NTRK-fp) solid tumours receiving entrectinib in the global phase II STARTRK-2 study. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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32
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Loong H, Goto K, Elamin Y, Solomon B, Santini F, Soldatenkova V, Sashegyi A, Lin AB, Lin B, Wolf J, Oxnard G, Zhou C, Drilon A, Park K. 1413TiP LIBRETTO-431: Selpercatinib in treatment (Tx)-naïve patients with RET fusion-positive (RET+) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Italiano A, Hong D, Briggs A, Garcia-Foncillas J, Lassen U, Vassal G, Kummar S, van Tilburg C, Keating K, Reeves J, Fellous M, Nogai H, Laetsch T, Drilon A. 542P Growth modulation index (GMI) of larotrectinib versus prior systemic treatments for TRK fusion cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Liu D, Flory J, Lin A, Offin M, Falcon CJ, Murciano-Goroff YR, Rosen E, Guo R, Basu E, Li BT, Harding JJ, Iyer G, Jhaveri K, Gounder MM, Shukla NN, Roberts SS, Glade-Bender J, Kaplanis L, Schram A, Hyman DM, Drilon A. Characterization of on-target adverse events caused by TRK inhibitor therapy. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1207-1215. [PMID: 32422171 PMCID: PMC8341080 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) pathway controls appetite, balance, and pain sensitivity. While these functions are reflected in the on-target adverse events (AEs) observed with TRK inhibition, these AEs remain under-recognized, and pain upon drug withdrawal has not previously been reported. As TRK inhibitors are approved by multiple regulatory agencies for TRK or ROS1 fusion-positive cancers, characterizing these AEs and corresponding management strategies is crucial. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with advanced or unresectable solid tumors treated with a TRK inhibitor were retrospectively identified in a search of clinical databases. Among these patients, the frequency, severity, duration, and management outcomes of AEs including weight gain, dizziness or ataxia, and withdrawal pain were characterized. RESULTS Ninety-six patients with 15 unique cancer histologies treated with a TRK inhibitor were identified. Weight gain was observed in 53% [95% confidence interval (CI), 43%-62%] of patients and increased with time on TRK inhibition. Pharmacologic intervention, most commonly with glucagon-like peptide 1 analogs or metformin, appeared to result in stabilization or loss of weight. Dizziness, with or without ataxia, was observed in 41% (95% CI, 31%-51%) of patients with a median time to onset of 2 weeks (range, 3 days to 16 months). TRK inhibitor dose reduction was the most effective intervention for dizziness. Pain upon temporary or permanent TRK inhibitor discontinuation was observed in 35% (95% CI, 24%-46%) of patients; this was more common with longer TRK inhibitor use. TRK inhibitor reinitiation was the most effective intervention for withdrawal pain. CONCLUSIONS TRK inhibition-related AEs including weight gain, dizziness, and withdrawal pain occur in a substantial proportion of patients receiving TRK inhibitors. This safety profile is unique relative to other anticancer therapies and warrants careful monitoring. These on-target toxicities are manageable with pharmacologic intervention and dose modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J Flory
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Lin
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Offin
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - C J Falcon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - Y R Murciano-Goroff
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - E Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - R Guo
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - E Basu
- Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - B T Li
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - J J Harding
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - G Iyer
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - K Jhaveri
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - M M Gounder
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - N N Shukla
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - S S Roberts
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J Glade-Bender
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - L Kaplanis
- Department of Nursing, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Schram
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - D M Hyman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
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Leyvraz S, Yang JH, Casali P, Castro G, Kim E, Lassen U, Lopez-Rios F, Penault-Llorca F, Pappo A, Rudzinski E, Tabatabai G, Vassal G, Reeves J, Nogai H, Fellous M, Drilon A, Brose M, Trent J. 604TiP ON-TRK: A non-interventional study of larotrectinib in patients with TRK fusion cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Krebs M, De Braud F, Siena S, Drilon A, Doebele R, Patel M, Cho B, Liu S, Ahn MJ, Chiu CH, Farago A, Lin CC, Karapetis C, Li YC, Barlesi F, Simmons B, Pitcher B, Dziadziuszko R. 1287P Efficacy and safety of entrectinib in locally advanced/metastatic ROS1 fusion-positive NSCLC: An updated integrated analysis. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Luo J, Rizvi H, Preeshagul IR, Egger JV, Hoyos D, Bandlamudi C, McCarthy CG, Falcon CJ, Schoenfeld AJ, Arbour KC, Chaft JE, Daly RM, Drilon A, Eng J, Iqbal A, Lai WV, Li BT, Lito P, Namakydoust A, Ng K, Offin M, Paik PK, Riely GJ, Rudin CM, Yu HA, Zauderer MG, Donoghue MTA, Łuksza M, Greenbaum BD, Kris MG, Hellmann MD. COVID-19 in patients with lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:1386-1396. [PMID: 32561401 PMCID: PMC7297689 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with lung cancers may have disproportionately severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. Understanding the patient-specific and cancer-specific features that impact the severity of COVID-19 may inform optimal cancer care during this pandemic. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined consecutive patients with lung cancer and confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 (n = 102) at a single center from 12 March 2020 to 6 May 2020. Thresholds of severity were defined a priori as hospitalization, intensive care unit/intubation/do not intubate ([ICU/intubation/DNI] a composite metric of severe disease), or death. Recovery was defined as >14 days from COVID-19 test and >3 days since symptom resolution. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles were inferred from MSK-IMPACT (n = 46) and compared with controls with lung cancer and no known non-COVID-19 (n = 5166). RESULTS COVID-19 was severe in patients with lung cancer (62% hospitalized, 25% died). Although severe, COVID-19 accounted for a minority of overall lung cancer deaths during the pandemic (11% overall). Determinants of COVID-19 severity were largely patient-specific features, including smoking status and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [odds ratio for severe COVID-19 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.07-9.44 comparing the median (23.5 pack-years) to never-smoker and 3.87, 95% confidence interval 1.35-9.68, respectively]. Cancer-specific features, including prior thoracic surgery/radiation and recent systemic therapies did not impact severity. Human leukocyte antigen supertypes were generally similar in mild or severe cases of COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 controls. Most patients recovered from COVID-19, including 25% patients initially requiring intubation. Among hospitalized patients, hydroxychloroquine did not improve COVID-19 outcomes. CONCLUSION COVID-19 is associated with high burden of severity in patients with lung cancer. Patient-specific features, rather than cancer-specific features or treatments, are the greatest determinants of severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Luo
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - H Rizvi
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - I R Preeshagul
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J V Egger
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - D Hoyos
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C Bandlamudi
- Marie-Josee and Henry R. Kravis Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C G McCarthy
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - C J Falcon
- Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A J Schoenfeld
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - K C Arbour
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J E Chaft
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - R M Daly
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - J Eng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Iqbal
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - W V Lai
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - B T Li
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P Lito
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - A Namakydoust
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - K Ng
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - P K Paik
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - G J Riely
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - C M Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Druckenmiller Center for Lung Cancer Research, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - H A Yu
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Zauderer
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M T A Donoghue
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M Łuksza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - B D Greenbaum
- Computational Oncology, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M G Kris
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, USA; Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
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Mazieres J, Drilon A, Lusque A, Mhanna L, Cortot AB, Mezquita L, Thai AA, Mascaux C, Couraud S, Veillon R, Van den Heuvel M, Neal J, Peled N, Früh M, Ng TL, Gounant V, Popat S, Diebold J, Sabari J, Zhu VW, Rothschild SI, Bironzo P, Martinez-Marti A, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Rosell R, Lattuca-Truc M, Wiesweg M, Besse B, Solomon B, Barlesi F, Schouten RD, Wakelee H, Camidge DR, Zalcman G, Novello S, Ou SI, Milia J, Gautschi O. Immune checkpoint inhibitors for patients with advanced lung cancer and oncogenic driver alterations: results from the IMMUNOTARGET registry. Ann Oncol 2020; 30:1321-1328. [PMID: 31125062 PMCID: PMC7389252 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 759] [Impact Index Per Article: 189.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Anti-PD1/PD-L1 directed immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are widely used to treat patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The activity of ICI across NSCLC harboring oncogenic alterations is poorly characterized. The aim of our study was to address the efficacy of ICI in the context of oncogenic addiction. Patients and methods We conducted a retrospective study for patients receiving ICI monotherapy for advanced NSCLC with at least one oncogenic driver alteration. Anonymized data were evaluated for clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes for ICI therapy: best response (RECIST 1.1), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) from ICI initiation. The primary end point was PFS under ICI. Secondary end points were best response (RECIST 1.1) and OS from ICI initiation. Results We studied 551 patients treated in 24 centers from 10 countries. The molecular alterations involved KRAS (n = 271), EGFR (n = 125), BRAF (n = 43), MET (n = 36), HER2 (n = 29), ALK (n = 23), RET (n = 16), ROS1 (n = 7), and multiple drivers (n = 1). Median age was 60 years, gender ratio was 1 : 1, never/former/current smokers were 28%/51%/21%, respectively, and the majority of tumors were adenocarcinoma. The objective response rate by driver alteration was: KRAS = 26%, BRAF = 24%, ROS1 = 17%, MET = 16%, EGFR = 12%, HER2 = 7%, RET = 6%, and ALK = 0%. In the entire cohort, median PFS was 2.8 months, OS 13.3 months, and the best response rate 19%. In a subgroup analysis, median PFS (in months) was 2.1 for EGFR, 3.2 for KRAS, 2.5 for ALK, 3.1 for BRAF, 2.5 for HER2, 2.1 for RET, and 3.4 for MET. In certain subgroups, PFS was positively associated with PD-L1 expression (KRAS, EGFR) and with smoking status (BRAF, HER2). Conclusions : ICI induced regression in some tumors with actionable driver alterations, but clinical activity was lower compared with the KRAS group and the lack of response in the ALK group was notable. Patients with actionable tumor alterations should receive targeted therapies and chemotherapy before considering immunotherapy as a single agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Mazieres
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| | - A Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A Lusque
- Biostatistics Unit, Institut Claudius Regaud, IUCT-O, Toulouse
| | - L Mhanna
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - A B Cortot
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Lille University Hospital, Lille University, Lille
| | - L Mezquita
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris Sud University Orsay, Paris France
| | - A A Thai
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - C Mascaux
- Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Marseille
| | - S Couraud
- Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Oncology Department, Lyon Sud Hospital, Cancer Institute of Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon 1 University
| | - R Veillon
- CHU Bordeaux, Respiratory Diseases Department, Bordeaux, France
| | - M Van den Heuvel
- Faculty of Medical Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Neal
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - N Peled
- Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - M Früh
- Department of Oncology, Haematology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - T L Ng
- Thoracic Oncology Department, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, USA
| | - V Gounant
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, CIC1425-CLIP2 Paris-Nord, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - S Popat
- Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - J Diebold
- Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - J Sabari
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - V W Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, USA
| | - S I Rothschild
- Department Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Medical Oncology, Basel, Switzerland
| | - P Bironzo
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - A Martinez-Marti
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - R Rosell
- Catalan Institute of Oncology, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona; Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Badalona, Spain
| | - M Lattuca-Truc
- Pulmonology Department, Grenoble University Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | - M Wiesweg
- Department of Medical Oncology, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - B Besse
- Cancer Medicine Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, Paris Sud University Orsay, Paris France
| | - B Solomon
- Medical Oncology Department, Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - F Barlesi
- Multidisciplinary Oncology and Therapeutic Innovations Department, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Aix Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM, CRCM, Marseille
| | - R D Schouten
- Faculty of Medical Science, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - H Wakelee
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, USA
| | - D R Camidge
- Thoracic Oncology Department, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, USA
| | - G Zalcman
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, CIC1425-CLIP2 Paris-Nord, Bichat-Claude Bernard Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - S Novello
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - S I Ou
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, USA
| | - J Milia
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Toulouse University Hospital, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - O Gautschi
- University of Bern and Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Ross DS, Liu B, Schram AM, Razavi P, Lagana SM, Zhang Y, Scaltriti M, Bromberg JF, Ladanyi M, Hyman DM, Drilon A, Zehir A, Benayed R, Chandarlapaty S, Hechtman JF. Enrichment of kinase fusions in ESR1 wild-type, metastatic breast cancer revealed by a systematic analysis of 4854 patients. Ann Oncol 2020; 31:991-1000. [PMID: 32348852 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kinase fusions are rare and poorly characterized in breast cancer (BC). We aimed to characterize kinase fusions within a large cohort of advanced BC. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 4854 patients with BC were analyzed by Memorial Sloan Kettering-Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets (MSK-IMPACT) targeted DNAseq and MSK-Fusion targeted RNAseq during the study time period. RESULTS Twenty-seven of 4854 (0.6%) patients harbored fusions: 11 FGFR (five FGFR2, three FGFR3, three FGFR1), five BRAF, four NTRK1, two RET, two ROS1, one ALK, one ERBB2, and one MET. A history of endocrine therapy was present in 15 (56%) of fusion-positive BC; eight of the 15 cases had available pre-treatment samples, of which six were fusion-negative. None of the fusion-positive BC samples harbored ESR1 hotspot mutations. Two patients with acquired LMNA-NTRK1 fusions and metastatic disease received larotrectinib and demonstrated clinical benefit. CONCLUSION Kinase fusions in BC are extremely rare, and appear to be enriched in hormone-resistant, metastatic carcinomas and mutually exclusive with ESR1 mutations. The present study expands the spectrum of genetic alterations activating mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling that can substitute for ESR1 mutations in this setting. Molecular testing at progression after endocrine therapy should include fusion testing, particularly in the absence of ESR1 hotspot alterations, in an effort to identify additional therapeutic options which may provide substantial clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Ross
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
| | - B Liu
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
| | - A M Schram
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - P Razavi
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - S M Lagana
- Department of Pathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Scaltriti
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
| | - J F Bromberg
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - M Ladanyi
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program
| | - D M Hyman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Zehir
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - R Benayed
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - S Chandarlapaty
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program; Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
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Sabari JK, Leonardi GC, Shu CA, Umeton R, Montecalvo J, Ni A, Chen R, Dienstag J, Mrad C, Bergagnini I, Lai WV, Offin M, Arbour KC, Plodkowski AJ, Halpenny DF, Paik PK, Li BT, Riely GJ, Kris MG, Rudin CM, Sholl LM, Nishino M, Hellmann MD, Rekhtman N, Awad MM, Drilon A. PD-L1 expression, tumor mutational burden, and response to immunotherapy in patients with MET exon 14 altered lung cancers. Ann Oncol 2019; 29:2085-2091. [PMID: 30165371 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background MET exon 14 alterations are actionable oncogenic drivers. Durable responses to MET inhibitors are observed in patients with advanced MET exon 14-altered lung cancers in prospective trials. In contrast, the activity of immunotherapy, PD-L1 expression and tumor mutational burden (TMB) of these tumors and are not well characterized. Patients and methods Patients with MET exon 14-altered lung cancers of any stage treated at two academic institutions were identified. A review of clinicopathologic and molecular features, and an analysis of response to single-agent or combination immune checkpoint inhibition were conducted. PD-L1 immunohistochemistry was carried out and TMB was calculated by estimation from targeted next-generation sequencing panels. Results We identified 147 patients with MET exon 14-altered lung cancers. PD-L1 expression of 0%, 1%-49%, and ≥50% were 37%, 22%, and 41%, respectively, in 111 evaluable tumor samples. The median TMB of MET exon 14-altered lung cancers was lower than that of unselected non-small-cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) in both independently evaluated cohorts: 3.8 versus 5.7 mutations/megabase (P < 0.001, n = 78 versus 1769, cohort A), and 7.3 versus 11.8 mutations/megabase (P < 0.001, n = 62 versus 1100, cohort B). There was no association between PD-L1 expression and TMB (Spearman's rho=0.18, P = 0.069). In response-evaluable patients (n = 24), the objective response rate was 17% (95% CI 6% to 36%) and the median progression-free survival was 1.9 months (95% CI 1.7-2.7). Responses were not enriched in tumors with PD-L1 expression ≥50% nor high TMB. Conclusion A substantial proportion of MET exon 14-altered lung cancers express PD-L1, but the median TMB is lower compared with unselected NSCLCs. Occasional responses to PD-1 blockade can be achieved, but overall clinical efficacy is modest.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Sabari
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - G C Leonardi
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - C A Shu
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, USA
| | - R Umeton
- Department of Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - J Montecalvo
- Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - A Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - R Chen
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - J Dienstag
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - C Mrad
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - I Bergagnini
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - W V Lai
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - M Offin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - K C Arbour
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - A J Plodkowski
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - D F Halpenny
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - P K Paik
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - B T Li
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Department of Early Drug Development Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - G J Riely
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - M G Kris
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - C M Rudin
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - L M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M Nishino
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Department of Radiology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M D Hellmann
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - N Rekhtman
- Department of Informatics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - M M Awad
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - A Drilon
- Thoracic Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA; Department of Early Drug Development Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
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Pietrantonio F, Di Nicolantonio F, Schrock AB, Lee J, Morano F, Fucà G, Nikolinakos P, Drilon A, Hechtman JF, Christiansen J, Gowen K, Frampton GM, Gasparini P, Rossini D, Gigliotti C, Kim ST, Prisciandaro M, Hodgson J, Zaniboni A, Chiu VK, Milione M, Patel R, Miller V, Bardelli A, Novara L, Wang L, Pupa SM, Sozzi G, Ross J, Di Bartolomeo M, Bertotti A, Ali S, Trusolino L, Falcone A, de Braud F, Cremolini C. RET fusions in a small subset of advanced colorectal cancers at risk of being neglected. Ann Oncol 2019. [PMID: 29538669 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recognition of rare molecular subgroups is a challenge for precision oncology and may lead to tissue-agnostic approval of targeted agents. Here we aimed to comprehensively characterize the clinical, pathological and molecular landscape of RET rearranged metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Patients and methods In this case series, we compared clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics of 24 RET rearranged mCRC patients with those of a control group of 291 patients with RET negative tumors. RET rearranged and RET negative mCRCs were retrieved by systematic literature review and by taking advantage of three screening sources: (i) Ignyta's phase 1/1b study on RXDX-105 (NCT01877811), (ii) cohorts screened at two Italian and one South Korean Institutions and (iii) Foundation Medicine Inc. database. Next-generation sequencing data were analyzed for RET rearranged cases. Results RET fusions were more frequent in older patients (median age of 66 versus 60 years, P = 0.052), with ECOG PS 1-2 (90% versus 50%, P = 0.02), right-sided (55% versus 32%, P = 0.013), previously unresected primary tumors (58% versus 21%, P < 0.001), RAS and BRAF wild-type (100% versus 40%, P < 0.001) and MSI-high (48% versus 7%, P < 0.001). Notably, 11 (26%) out of 43 patients with right-sided, RAS and BRAF wild-type tumors harbored a RET rearrangement. At a median follow-up of 45.8 months, patients with RET fusion-positive tumors showed a significantly worse OS when compared with RET-negative ones (median OS 14.0 versus 38.0 months, HR: 4.59; 95% CI, 3.64-32.66; P < 0.001). In the multivariable model, RET rearrangements were still associated with shorter OS (HR: 2.97; 95% CI, 1.25-7.07; P = 0.014), while primary tumor location, RAS and BRAF mutations and MSI status were not. Conclusions Though very rare, RET rearrangements define a new subtype of mCRC that shows poor prognosis with conventional treatments and is therefore worth of a specific management.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pietrantonio
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
| | - F Di Nicolantonio
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - A B Schrock
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - F Morano
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Fucà
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - P Nikolinakos
- Medical Oncology, University Cancer & Blood Center, Athens
| | - A Drilon
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | - J F Hechtman
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA
| | | | - K Gowen
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - G M Frampton
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - P Gasparini
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - D Rossini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Gigliotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - S T Kim
- Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Prisciandaro
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - J Hodgson
- Medical Oncology, University Cancer & Blood Center, Athens
| | - A Zaniboni
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fondazione Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy
| | - V K Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
| | - M Milione
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - R Patel
- Department of Diagnostics, Ignyta, Inc., San Diego, USA
| | - V Miller
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - A Bardelli
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - L Novara
- ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - L Wang
- Department of Pathology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, USA
| | - S M Pupa
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Sozzi
- Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - J Ross
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - M Di Bartolomeo
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Bertotti
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - S Ali
- Clinical Development, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - L Trusolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Candiolo, Italy; ECMO, Candiolo Cancer Institute-FPO, IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - A Falcone
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - F de Braud
- Medical Oncology Department, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - C Cremolini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Ziegler D, Doz F, Geoerger B, Dubois S, Grilley-Olson J, van Tilburg C, Italiano A, Lissat A, Kang JH, Tahara M, Boni V, Perreault S, Capra M, Nanda S, Brega N, Holynskyj A, Hong D, Hyman D, Drilon A. Activity of larotrectinib in TRK fusion cancer patients with primary central nervous system tumours. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz431.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Abstract
TRK fusions are oncogenic drivers of various adult and paediatric cancers. The first-generation TRK inhibitors, larotrectinib and entrectinib, were granted landmark, tumour-agnostic regulatory approvals for the treatment of these cancers in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Brisk and durable responses are achieved with these drugs in patients, including those with locally advanced or metastatic disease. In addition, intracranial activity has been observed with both agents in TRK fusion-positive solid tumours with brain metastases and primary brain tumours. While resistance to first-generation TRK inhibition can eventually occur, next-generation agents such as selitrectinib (BAY 2731954, LOXO-195) and repotrectinib were designed to address on-target resistance, which is mediated by emergent kinase domain mutations, such as those that result in substitutions at solvent front or gatekeeper residues. These next-generation drugs are currently available in the clinic and proof-of-concept responses have been reported. This underscores the utility of sequential TRK inhibitor use in select patients, a paradigm that parallels the use of targeted therapies in other oncogenic driver-positive cancers, such as ALK fusion-positive lung cancers. While TRK inhibitors have a favourable overall safety profile, select on-target adverse events, including weight gain, dizziness/ataxia and paraesthesias, are occasionally observed and should be monitored in the clinic. These side-effects are likely consequences of the inhibition of the TRK pathway that is involved in the development and maintenance of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Drilon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
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Hyman D, Tan D, van Tilburg C, Albert C, Geoerger B, Farago A, Laetsch T, Kummar S, Doz F, Lassen U, Dubois S, McDermott R, Mascarenhas L, Berlin J, Rudzinski E, Nanda S, Childs B, Drilon A, Hong D. Durability of response with larotrectinib in adult and pediatric patients with TRK fusion cancer. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz431.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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de Braud F, Siena S, Barlesi F, Drilon A, Simmons B, Huang X, Osborne S, Doebele R. Entrectinib in locally advanced/metastatic ROS1 and NTRK fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Updated integrated analysis of STARTRK-2, STARTRK-1 and ALKA-372-001. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz420.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Wirth L, Sherman E, Drilon A, Solomon B, Robinson B, Lorch J, McCoach C, Patel J, Leboulleux S, Worden F, Owonikoko T, Brose M, Taylor M, Italiano A, Gautschi O, Garcia ME, Rothenberg S, Subbiah V, Shah M, Cabanillas M. Registrational results of LOXO-292 in patients with RET-altered thyroid cancers. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz394.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tu H, Xu C, Tong-Li C, Offin M, Razavi P, Schapira E, Namakydoust A, Lee A, Pavlakis N, Clarke S, Diakos C, Chan D, Myers M, Makhnin A, Jain H, Martinez A, Iqbal Z, Adamski A, Li H, Hernandez J, Watford S, Hosseini A, Shaffer T, Lim L, Li M, Drilon A, Ladanyi M, Arcila M, Rusch V, Jones D, Rudin C, Rimner A, Isbell J, Li B. P1.01-122 A Clinical Utility Study of Plasma DNA Next Generation Sequencing Guided Treatment of Uncommon Drivers in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancers. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Drilon A, Oxnard G, Wirth L, Besse B, Gautschi O, Tan S, Loong H, Bauer T, Kim Y, Horiike A, Park K, Shah M, McCoach C, Bazhenova L, Seto T, Brose M, Pennell N, Weiss J, Matos I, Peled N, Cho B, Ohe Y, Reckamp K, Boni V, Satouchi M, Falchook G, Akerley W, Daga H, Sakamoto T, Patel J, Lakhani N, Barlesi F, Burkard M, Zhu V, Moreno Garcia V, Medioni J, Matrana M, Rolfo C, Lee D, Nechushtan H, Johnson M, Velcheti V, Nishio M, Toyozawa R, Ohashi K, Song L, Han J, Spira A, De Braud F, Staal Rohrberg K, Takeuchi S, Sakakibara J, Waqar S, Kenmotsu H, Wilson F, B.Nair, Olek E, Kherani J, Ebata K, Zhu E, Nguyen M, Yang L, Huang X, Cruickshank S, Rothenberg S, Solomon B, Goto K, Subbiah V. PL02.08 Registrational Results of LIBRETTO-001: A Phase 1/2 Trial of LOXO-292 in Patients with RET Fusion-Positive Lung Cancers. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Doebele R, Dziadziuszko R, Drilon A, Shaw A, Wolf J, Farago A, Dennis L, Riehl T, Simmons B, Wu C, Chang CW, Choeurng V, Wilson T. Genomic landscape of entrectinib resistance from ctDNA analysis in STARTRK-2. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz394.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Italiano A, Nanda S, Keating K, Childs B, Fellous M, Drilon A, Hyman D. Growth modulation index (GMI) as a comparative measure of clinical activity of larotrectinib versus prior systemic treatments in adult and pediatric TRK fusion cancer patients. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz244.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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