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Titouche Y, Hakem A, Houali K, Meheut T, Vingadassalon N, Ruiz-Ripa L, Salmi D, Chergui A, Chenouf N, Hennekinne J, Torres C, Auvray F. Emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST8 in raw milk and traditional dairy products in the Tizi Ouzou area of Algeria. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:6876-6884. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-16208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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2
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Laatamna AK, Belkessa S, Khalil A, Afidi A, Benmahdjouba K, Belalmi R, Benkrour M, Ghazel Z, Hakem A, Aissi M. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in farmed animals from steppe and high plateau regions in Algeria. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:724-735. [PMID: 33601759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and associated potential risk factors in farmed animals from different steppe and high plateau regions in Algeria. A total of 289, 254 and 149 faecal samples of cattle, sheep and dromedary camels respectively, and tracheas of 135 broiler chickens were screened for the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. by formalin-ether concentration method and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Overall, Cryptosporidium spp. was detected in 36.7%, 15%, 8.9% and 2% of examined cattle, sheep, broiler chickens and dromedary camels. In cattle, the highest prevalence was observed in the neonatal calves (52.6%) and the presence of Cryptosporidium spp. was significantly associated with diarrhoea. Ovine cryptosporidiosis was found in more of 80% of sampled farms and lambs aged between 1-6 months (20.3%), followed by neonatal lambs (18.7%) were the most infected. Cryptosporidium excretion in sheep was not associated with presence of diarrhoea. The presence of cryptosporidia in broiler chickens showed a higher rate in birds aged of 16-24 days (30%) than in those of 35-44 days (3.5%). None of broiler chickens more than 44 days was found to be positive for Cryptosporidium. Cryptosporidium in dromedary camels was reported in three females aged more than 6 months, which did not show any signs of diarrhoea at the time of sampling. Cryptosporidium prevalence was not affected by sex in all studied animal species. The results of the present study provide the first data on the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in dromedary camels and broiler chickens from steppe and high plateau regions in Algeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Laatamna
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - S Belkessa
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, BP 145 RP, 07000 Biskra, Algeria
| | - A Khalil
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - A Afidi
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - K Benmahdjouba
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - R Belalmi
- Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, El-Harrach, 16200-16131 Algiers, Algeria
| | - M Benkrour
- Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, El-Harrach, 16200-16131 Algiers, Algeria
| | - Z Ghazel
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - A Hakem
- Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Djelfa, BP 3117 Djelfa, Algeria
| | - M Aissi
- Higher National School of Veterinary, BP 161 Hacène Badi, El-Harrach, 16200-16131 Algiers, Algeria
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3
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Ghamrasni SE, Cardoso R, Li L, Guturi KKN, Bjerregaard VA, Liu Y, Venkatesan S, Hande MP, Henderson JT, Sanchez O, Hickson ID, Hakem A, Hakem R. Rad54 and Mus81 cooperation promotes DNA damage repair and restrains chromosome missegregation. Oncogene 2016; 35:4836-45. [PMID: 26876210 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Rad54 and Mus81 mammalian proteins physically interact and are important for the homologous recombination DNA repair pathway; however, their functional interactions in vivo are poorly defined. Here, we show that combinatorial loss of Rad54 and Mus81 results in hypersensitivity to DNA-damaging agents, defects on both the homologous recombination and non-homologous DNA end joining repair pathways and reduced fertility. We also observed that while Mus81 deficiency diminished the cleavage of common fragile sites, very strikingly, Rad54 loss impaired this cleavage to even a greater extent. The inefficient repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in Rad54(-/-)Mus81(-/-) cells was accompanied by elevated levels of chromosome missegregation and cell death. Perhaps as a consequence, tumor incidence in Rad54(-/-)Mus81(-/-) mice remained comparable to that in Mus81(-/-) mice. Our study highlights the importance of the cooperation between Rad54 and Mus81 for mediating DNA DSB repair and restraining chromosome missegregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S El Ghamrasni
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Cardoso
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - L Li
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K K N Guturi
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - V A Bjerregaard
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Chromosome Stability and Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Chromosome Stability and Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Venkatesan
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Tembusu College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - M P Hande
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine and Tembusu College, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - J T Henderson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Biomolecular Science, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - O Sanchez
- Department of pathology, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - I D Hickson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Center for Chromosome Stability and Center for Healthy Ageing, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - A Hakem
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - R Hakem
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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4
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Hakem A, Kadi K, Nafti S. 352 Huit cas de kyste hydatique du poumon observés en 2 ans. Rev Mal Respir 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0761-8425(07)72728-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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5
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Mak TW, Hakem A, McPherson JP, Shehabeldin A, Zablocki E, Migon E, Duncan GS, Bouchard D, Wakeham A, Cheung A, Karaskova J, Sarosi I, Squire J, Marth J, Hakem R. Brca1 required for T cell lineage development but not TCR loci rearrangement. Nat Immunol 2000; 1:77-82. [PMID: 10881179 DOI: 10.1038/76950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Brca1 (breast cancerl, early onset) deficiency results in early embryonic lethality. As Brca1 is highly expressed in the T cell lineage, a T cell-specific disruption of Brca1 was generated to assess the role of Brca1 in relation to T lymphocyte development. We found that thymocyte development in Brca1-/- mice was impaired not as a result of V(D)J T cell receptor (TCR) recombination but because thymocytes had increased expression of tumor protein p53. Chromosomal damage accumulation and abnormal cell death were observed in mutant cells. We found that cell death inhibitor Bcl-2 overexpression, or p53-/- backgrounds, completely restored survival and development of Brca1-/- thymocytes; peripheral T cell numbers were not totally restored in Brcal-/- p53-/- mice; and that a mutant background for p21 (cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A) did not restore Brca1-/- thymocyte development, but partially restored peripheral T cell development. Thus, the outcome of Brca1 deficiency was dependent on cellular context, with the major defects being increased apoptosis in thymocytes, and defective proliferation in peripheral T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- T W Mak
- Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C1
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6
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Woo M, Hakem A, Elia AJ, Hakem R, Duncan GS, Patterson BJ, Mak TW. In vivo evidence that caspase-3 is required for Fas-mediated apoptosis of hepatocytes. J Immunol 1999; 163:4909-16. [PMID: 10528193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-3 is essential for Fas-mediated apoptosis in vitro. We investigated the role of caspase-3 in Fas-mediated cell death in vivo by injecting caspase-3-deficient mice with agonistic anti-Fas Ab. Wild-type controls died rapidly of fulminant hepatitis, whereas the survival of caspase-3-/- mice was increased due to a delay in hepatocyte cell death. Bcl-2 expression in the liver was dramatically decreased in wild-type mice following anti-Fas injection, but was unchanged in caspase-3-/- mice. Hepatocytes from anti-Fas-injected wild-type, but not caspase-3-/-, mice released cytochrome c into the cytoplasm. Western blotting confirmed the lack of caspase-3-mediated cleavage of Bcl-2. Presumably the presence of intact Bcl-2 in caspase-3-/- hepatocytes prevents the release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria, a required step for the mitochondrial death pathway. We also show by Western blot that Bcl-xL, caspase-9, caspase-8, and Bid are processed by caspase-3 in injected wild-type mice but that this processing does not occur in caspase-3-/- mice. This study thus provides novel in vivo evidence that caspase-3, conventionally known for its downstream effector function in apoptosis, also modifies Bcl-2 and other upstream proteins involved in the regulation of Fas-mediated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Woo
- Amgen Institute, Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Canada
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Abstract
Aberrant activation of cell cycle molecules has been postulated to play a role in apoptosis ("catastrophic cell cycle"). Here we show that in noncycling developing thymocytes, the cyclin- dependent kinase Cdk2 is activated in response to all specific and nonspecific apoptotic stimuli tested, including peptide-specific thymocyte apoptosis. Cdk2 was found to function upstream of the tumor suppressor p53, transactivation of the death promoter Bax, alterations of mitochondrial permeability, Bcl-2, caspase activation, and caspase-dependent proteolytic cleavage of the retinoblastoma protein. Inhibition of Cdk2 completely protected thymocytes from apoptosis, mitochondrial changes, and caspase activation. These data provide the first evidence that Cdk2 activity is crucial for the induction of thymocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hakem
- The Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 2C1
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8
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Abstract
Apoptosis is essential for the precise regulation of cellular homeostasis and development. The role in vivo of Apaf1, a mammalian homolog of C. elegans CED-4, was investigated in gene-targeted Apaf1-/- mice. Apaf1-deficient mice exhibited reduced apoptosis in the brain and striking craniofacial abnormalities with hyperproliferation of neuronal cells. Apaf1-deficient cells were resistant to a variety of apoptotic stimuli, and the processing of Caspases 2, 3, and 8 was impaired. However, both Apaf1-/- thymocytes and activated T lymphocytes were sensitive to Fas-induced killing, showing that Fas-mediated apoptosis in these cells is independent of Apaf1. These data indicate that Apaf1 plays a central role in the common events of mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in most death pathways and that this role is critical for normal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Yoshida
- The Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
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9
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Hakem R, Hakem A, Duncan GS, Henderson JT, Woo M, Soengas MS, Elia A, de la Pompa JL, Kagi D, Khoo W, Potter J, Yoshida R, Kaufman SA, Lowe SW, Penninger JM, Mak TW. Differential requirement for caspase 9 in apoptotic pathways in vivo. Cell 1998; 94:339-52. [PMID: 9708736 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81477-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1022] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Mutation of Caspase 9 (Casp9) results in embryonic lethality and defective brain development associated with decreased apoptosis. Casp9-/- embryonic stem cells and embryonic fibroblasts are resistant to several apoptotic stimuli, including UV and gamma irradiation. Casp9-/- thymocytes are also resistant to dexamethasone- and gamma irradiation-induced apoptosis, but are surprisingly sensitive to apoptosis induced by UV irradiation or anti-CD95. Resistance to apoptosis is accompanied by retention of the mitochondrial membrane potential in mutant cells. In addition, cytochrome c is translocated to the cytosol of Casp9-/- ES cells upon UV stimulation, suggesting that Casp9 acts downstream of cytochrome c. Caspase processing is inhibited in Casp9-/- ES cells but not in thymocytes or splenocytes. Comparison of the requirement for Casp9 and Casp3 in different apoptotic settings indicates the existence of at least four different apoptotic pathways in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hakem
- Amgen Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Woo M, Hakem R, Soengas MS, Duncan GS, Shahinian A, Kägi D, Hakem A, McCurrach M, Khoo W, Kaufman SA, Senaldi G, Howard T, Lowe SW, Mak TW. Essential contribution of caspase 3/CPP32 to apoptosis and its associated nuclear changes. Genes Dev 1998; 12:806-19. [PMID: 9512515 PMCID: PMC316633 DOI: 10.1101/gad.12.6.806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 667] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/1997] [Accepted: 01/09/1998] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caspases are fundamental components of the mammalian apoptotic machinery, but the precise contribution of individual caspases is controversial. CPP32 (caspase 3) is a prototypical caspase that becomes activated during apoptosis. In this study, we took a comprehensive approach to examining the role of CPP32 in apoptosis using mice, embryonic stem (ES) cells, and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) deficient for CPP32. CPP32(ex3-/-) mice have reduced viability and, consistent with an earlier report, display defective neuronal apoptosis and neurological defects. Inactivation of CPP32 dramatically reduces apoptosis in diverse settings, including activation-induced cell death (AICD) of peripheral T cells, as well as chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of oncogenically transformed CPP32(-/-) MEFs. As well, the requirement for CPP32 can be remarkably stimulus-dependent: In ES cells, CPP32 is necessary for efficient apoptosis following UV- but not gamma-irradiation. Conversely, the same stimulus can show a tissue-specific dependence on CPP32: Hence, TNFalpha treatment induces normal levels of apoptosis in CPP32 deficient thymocytes, but defective apoptosis in oncogenically transformed MEFs. Finally, in some settings, CPP32 is required for certain apoptotic events but not others: Select CPP32(ex3-/-) cell types undergoing cell death are incapable of chromatin condensation and DNA degradation, but display other hallmarks of apoptosis. Together, these results indicate that CPP32 is an essential component in apoptotic events that is remarkably system- and stimulus-dependent. Consequently, drugs that inhibit CPP32 may preferentially disrupt specific forms of cell death.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis/drug effects
- Apoptosis/genetics
- Apoptosis/physiology
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- B-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Bone Marrow Cells/cytology
- Bone Marrow Cells/physiology
- CD3 Complex/pharmacology
- Caspase 3
- Caspases
- Cell Death/physiology
- Cell Division/physiology
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/deficiency
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/genetics
- Cysteine Endopeptidases/physiology
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/genetics
- Cytotoxicity, Immunologic/physiology
- Embryo, Mammalian/cytology
- Embryo, Mammalian/physiology
- Embryonic and Fetal Development
- Female
- Gene Expression/genetics
- Gene Expression/physiology
- Longevity/genetics
- Longevity/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred Strains
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Mutation/genetics
- Mutation/physiology
- Neutrophils/physiology
- Osmotic Pressure
- Stem Cells/radiation effects
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/cytology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/physiology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/radiation effects
- Ultraviolet Rays
- fas Receptor/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Woo
- Amgen Institute Ontario Cancer Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G2C1, Canada
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11
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Penninger JM, Sirard C, Mittrücker HW, Chidgey A, Kozieradzki I, Nghiem M, Hakem A, Kimura T, Timms E, Boyd R, Taniguchi T, Matsuyama T, Mak TW. The interferon regulatory transcription factor IRF-1 controls positive and negative selection of CD8+ thymocytes. Immunity 1997; 7:243-54. [PMID: 9285409 DOI: 10.1016/s1074-7613(00)80527-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the molecular mechanisms and transcriptional regulation that govern T cell selection processes and the differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Mice lacking the interferon regulatory transcription factor-1 (IRF-1) have reduced numbers of mature CD8+ cells within the thymus and peripheral lymphatic organs. Here we show that positive and negative T cell selection of two MHC class I-restricted TCR alphabeta transgenes, H-Y and P14, are impaired in IRF-1-/- mice. The absence of IRF-1 resulted in decreased expression of LMP2, TAP1, and MHC class I on thymic stromal cells. Despite decreased MHC class I expression on IRF-1-/- thymic stromal cells, the defect in CD8+ T cells development did not reside in the thymic environment, and IRF-1-/- stromal cells can fully support development of CD8+ thymocytes in in vivo bone marrow chimeras and in vitro reaggregation cultures. Moreover, IRF-1-/- thymocytes displayed impaired TCR-mediated signal transduction, and the induction of negative selection in TCR Tg thymocytes from IRF-1-/- mice required a 1000-fold increase in selecting peptide. We also provide evidence that IRF-1 is mainly expressed in mature, but not immature, thymocytes and that expression of IRF-1 in immature thymocytes is induced after peptide-specific TCR activation. These results indicate that IRF-1 regulates gene expression in developing thymocytes required for lineage commitment and selection of CD8+ thymocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Penninger
- Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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12
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Hakem R, de la Pompa JL, Sirard C, Mo R, Woo M, Hakem A, Wakeham A, Potter J, Reitmair A, Billia F, Firpo E, Hui CC, Roberts J, Rossant J, Mak TW. The tumor suppressor gene Brca1 is required for embryonic cellular proliferation in the mouse. Cell 1996; 85:1009-23. [PMID: 8674108 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 510] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mutations of the BRCA1 gone in humans are associated with predisposition to breast and ovarian cancers. We show here that Brca1+/- mice are normal and fertile and lack tumors by age eleven months. Homozygous Brca1(5-6) mutant mice die before day 7.5 of embryogenesis. Mutant embryos are poorly developed, with no evidence of mesoderm formation. The extraembryonic region is abnormal, but aggregation with wild-type tetraploid embryos does not rescue the lethality. In vivo, mutant embryos do not exhibit increased apoptosis but show reduced cell proliferation accompanied by decreased expression of cyclin E and mdm-2, a regulator of p53 activity. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 is dramatically increased in the mutant embryos. Buttressing these in vivo observations is the fact that mutant blastocyst growth is grossly impaired in vitro. Thus, the death of Brca1(5-6) mutant embryos prior to gastrulation may be due to a failure of the proliferative burst required for the development of the different germ layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hakem
- Amgen Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Amakawa R, Hakem A, Kundig TM, Matsuyama T, Simard JJ, Timms E, Wakeham A, Mittruecker HW, Griesser H, Takimoto H, Schmits R, Shahinian A, Ohashi P, Penninger JM, Mak TW. Impaired negative selection of T cells in Hodgkin's disease antigen CD30-deficient mice. Cell 1996; 84:551-62. [PMID: 8598042 DOI: 10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
CD30 is found on Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin's disease and on a variety of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells and is up-regulated on cells after Epstein-Barr virus, human T cell leukemia virus, and HIV infections. We report here that the thymus in CD30-deficient mice contains elevated numbers of thymocytes. Activation-induced death of thymocytes after CD3 cross-linking is impaired both in vitro and in vivo. Breeding the CD30 mutation separately into alpha beta TCR-or gamma delta TCR-transgenic mice revealed a gross defect in negative but not positive selection. Thus, like TNF-receptors and Fas/Apo-1, the CD30 receptor is involved in cell death signaling. It is also an important coreceptor that participates in thymic deletion.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- B-Lymphocytes/cytology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Base Sequence
- Cell Death/immunology
- Cell Differentiation/genetics
- Cell Differentiation/immunology
- Cell Separation
- Gene Deletion
- Gene Expression/immunology
- Hodgkin Disease/immunology
- Ki-1 Antigen/genetics
- Ki-1 Antigen/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Mutant Strains
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology
- Signal Transduction/immunology
- Superantigens/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/cytology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/ultrastructure
- Thymus Gland/cytology
- Thymus Gland/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- R Amakawa
- Amgen Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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