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Sharma E, Pandey S, Gaur AK. In silico characterization and differential expression pattern analysis of conserved HMG CoA reductase domain isolated from Aconitum balfourii Stapf. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:89. [PMID: 28330159 PMCID: PMC4781813 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) is the key enzyme of mevalonate pathway in plants. A partial genomic DNA fragment encoding HMGR conserved domain (denoted as AbHMGR) is isolated from Aconitum balfourii Stapf. It comprises 871 bp encoding 290 amino acids. In silico analysis reveals that it had extensive similarities to other plant HMGR gene. Domain analysis of AbHMGR showed two highly conserved NADPH and HMG CoA domains. Docking study predicted inhibitor, substrate and cofactor binding sites in the protein. Expression analysis revealed that AbHMGR is similarly expressed in all tested tissues with differential pattern. The highest expression was found in leaf tissue. However, fold expression in root and shoot tissue was almost similar. Enzyme activity of HMGR was found to be much higher in leaf tissue as compared to other tissues. The highest aconitine content (0.015 %) was obtained in root tissues. Our data laid a foundation for further investigation of HMGR role in Aconitum balfourii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eti Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Saurabh Pandey
- Plant Molecular Biology Lab, The International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ICGEB, New Delhi, India
| | - A K Gaur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
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Pandey V, Ansari MW, Tula S, Yadav S, Sahoo RK, Shukla N, Bains G, Badal S, Chandra S, Gaur AK, Kumar A, Shukla A, Kumar J, Tuteja N. Dose-dependent response of Trichoderma harzianum in improving drought tolerance in rice genotypes. Planta 2016; 243:1251-64. [PMID: 26898554 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates a dose-dependent response of Trichoderma harzianum Th-56 in improving drought tolerance in rice by modulating proline, SOD, lipid peroxidation product and DHN / AQU transcript level, and the growth attributes. In the present study, the effect of colonization of different doses of T. harzianum Th-56 strain in rice genotypes were evaluated under drought stress. The rice genotypes treated with increasing dose of T. harzianum strain Th-56 showed better drought tolerance as compared with untreated control plant. There was significant change in malondialdehyde, proline, higher superoxide dismutase level, plant height, total dry matter, relative chlorophyll content, leaf rolling, leaf tip burn, and the number of scorched/senesced leaves in T. harzianum Th-56 treated rice genotypes under drought stress. This was corroborated with altered expression of aquaporin and dehydrin genes in T. harzianum Th-56 treated rice genotypes. The present findings suggest that a dose of 30 g/L was the most effective in improving drought tolerance in rice, and its potential exploitation will contribute to the advancement of rice genotypes to sustain crop productivity under drought stress. Interaction studies of T. harzianum with three aromatic rice genotypes suggested that PSD-17 was highly benefitted from T. harzianum colonization under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Pandey
- Department of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Mohammad W Ansari
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Suresh Tula
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sandep Yadav
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ranjan K Sahoo
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Nandini Shukla
- Department of Plant Pathology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Gurdeep Bains
- Department of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Shail Badal
- Department of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Agronomy, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - A K Gaur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetic Engineering, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Atul Kumar
- Department of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
| | - Alok Shukla
- Department of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India.
| | - J Kumar
- Department of Plant Pathology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India.
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Department of Botany, Zakir Husain Delhi College, University of Delhi, Jawahar Lal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110002, India.
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, 110067, India.
- Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, E2-Block, 4th Floor, Room 404A, Sector 125, Noida, 201313, UP, India.
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Abstract
Macrodystrophia lipomatosa is a rare form of congenital disorder in which there is localized gigantism characterized by progressive overgrowth of all mesenchymal elements with a disproportionate increase in the fibroadipose tissues. The adipose tissue infiltration involves subcutaneous tissue, periosteum, nerves and bone marrow. Most of the cases reported have hand or foot involvement. Patient seeks medical help for improving cosmesis or to get the size of the involved part reduced in order to reduce mechanical problems. We report a case of macrodystrophia lipomatosa involving medial side of foot with significant enlargement of great toe causing concern for cosmesis and inconvenience due to mechanical problems. The X-rays showed increased soft tissue with more of adipose tissue and increased size of involved digits with widening of ends. Since the patient's mother did not want any surgical intervention he was educated about foot care and proper footwear design was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Gaur
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haji Ali, Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400034, India.
| | - A S Mhambre
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haji Ali, Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400034, India
| | - H Popalwar
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haji Ali, Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400034, India.
| | - R Sharma
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Haji Ali, Mahalaxmi, Mumbai 400034, India
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Sambi RS, Gaur AK, Hotchandani R, Aggarwal KK, Kaur S, Gupta M, Jain S, Krishna CK, Chopra HK, Anand V, Srivastava S, Gupta R, Parashar SK. Patterns of left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease: an echocardiographic evaluation. Indian Heart J 2011; 63:259-268. [PMID: 22734347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We evaluated the chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients having different degree of uremia for the prevalence of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), different patterns of left Ventricular Hypertrophy by echocardiographic variables to define the most sensitive and powerful predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature morbidity and mortality. METHODS We used clinical and biochemical data from the prospective study done by us to evaluate "The Echocardiographic assessment of cardiac functions in patients with chronic kidney disease". The diagnosis of CKD was made on the basis of serum creatinine (sCr) concentration of more than 1.5 mg/dl, persistent and with no evidence of recovery over a period of 3 months. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation and cut-off for CKD was taken to be < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 as per existing guidelines. The study population consisted of a total of 75 subjects divided into three groups of 25 subjects each, all between the age of 20-65 yrs: GROUP A Healthy normal controls (sCr < 1.5 mg/dl); GROUP B Patients with mild to moderate CKD (sCr 1.5 - 6.0 mg/dl); GROUP C: Patients with severe CKD (sCr > 6.0 mg/dl). RESULTS A progressive rise in prevalence of LVH was observed with the severity of kidney disease from 64% (mild/ moderate CKD group) to 96% (severe CKD group) and higher prevalence of LVH in females than males in the severe CKD group. The mean LVMI in both the groups of CKD was significantly higher than the healthy controls (76.62 +/- 10.97). Also, mean LVMI in severe CKD (139.23 +/- 17.47) patients was significantly higher than in mild/moderate CKD (114.91 +/- 15.20) patients. The prevalence of concentric remodeling in both the CKD groups was alike (20%). While that of concentric hypertrophy in severe CKD patients (68%) was significantly higher than in mild/moderate CKD group (40%) (p < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed for eccentric pattern of hypertrophy between the two CKD groups. This suggests that concentric hypertrophy is more prevalent in CKD patients. CONCLUSIONS The mean left ventricular mass index (LVMI) showed a proportionate increase with the severity of renal failure and a progressive rise with increase in severity of disease. Patients of CKD groups revealed occurrence of concentric remodeling which is a predictor of high vulnerability for progressing into concentric and eccentric hypertrophy. Hence early medical intervention may reverse the concentric remodeling, thereby preventing the advancement to concentric or eccentric LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder S Sambi
- Department of Medicine and Cardiology, Moolchand Medcity, Escorts Heart Institute, JROP Healthcare, Metro Heart, New Delhi, India
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Chopra HK, Aggarwal KK, Krishna CK, Sambi RS, Parashar SK, Gupta R, Kasliwal RR, Mittal S, Bansal M, Gaur AK, Anand V, Bali AK, Langer V, Vermani A, Jagadeesh KN, Mishra S, Nanda NC. 3D echocardiography: "The most powerful predictor of masked CVD in metabolic syndrome". Indian Heart J 2009; 61:231-241. [PMID: 20503826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED AIMS & OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) on various echo variables by 3D Echocardiography. MATERIALS AND METHODS 100 patients of MetS from indoor and outdoor patient departments were subjected to Echocardiographic and Carotid Doppler evaluation. They were divided into three groups: Group A, Group B and Group C on the basis of age <40 yrs, 40-60 yrs and >60 yrs respectively. The echo variables included left ventricular myocardial performance index (LVMPI), left ventricular mass index (LVMi), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD), systolic function (LVEF), left atrial volume index (LAVi) and composite common carotid intima media thickness (CCIMT). RESULTS The mean LVMPI was abnormal in all the groups and showed an increasing trend with prolonged LVMPI (> 0.4) in 74% of the total population. Prolonged LVMPI in Group A, Group B and Group C were 12.1%, 52.7% and 35.1% respectively. There was also a strong correlation between LVMPI & LVDD (p-value < 0.0001). Only 9% had systolic dysfunction (LVEF < 50%), but 68% of patients had abnormal diastolic function, of which 53% had grade I LVDD, 12% had grade II LVDD and 3% had grade III diastolic dysfunction. None of our patients had grade IV diastolic dysfunction. The mean LA Vi was normal in all the groups, but LAVi increased with worsening LVDD. The mean LVMi indexed to Body Surface Area (BSA) was normal in all the groups, but showed a statistically significant increasing trend from Group A to Group C (p-value < 0.05). Statistically significant higher LVMi values were observed for males as compared to females (p-value < 0.0001). On analysis of patients having left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 76% had concentric remodeling; only 11 % had concentric hypertrophy, but none had eccentric hypertrophy. Most of our patients in Group B & Group C had higher mean Composite CCIMT (0.73 +/- 0.33 & 0.84 +/- 0.42 respectively) which was statistically very significant (p-value < 0.001) CONCLUSION Metabolic Syndrome is associated with masked cardiovascular disease (CVD) as evident by 3D Echo in this series of patients. LVMPI was an early indicator and the most robust marker of early LVDD. Impaired relaxation was highly prevalent; while LAVi was less robust predictor of LVDD in this series of patients. Concentric left ventricular remodeling was the most common pattern of LVH. Most of our series of patients had increased Composite CCIMT. Thus 3D Echocardiography has great potential and is very useful for early detection and timely therapeutic interventions in patients with subclinical CVD in MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- H K Chopra
- Department of Cardiology, Moolchand Medcity, New Delhi-110024, India.
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Verma AK, Chaudhary U, Kumar R, Pant AK, Gaur AK, Lakhchaura BD. Anthocyanin, bisabolol and phenylammonialyase activity in cell cultures of Populus deltoides. Indian J Exp Biol 2000; 38:1050-3. [PMID: 11324159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Phenolics, anthocyanin and alpha-bisabolol production from poplar (Populus delotides) in tissue culture was determined. A number of phenolic acids were identified by HPLC. PAL activity in response to phytohormones, cells growth and anthocyanin production showed a positive correlation. A component, alpha-bisabolol, was identified using gas chromatography and UV spectroscopy. In vitro production of said metabolites was influenced by phytohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, India
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Mehdi H, Bardhan P, Gaur AK, Garg NK. Enzyme changes in virulent and avirulent strains of Acanthamoeba culbertsoni during chlorophenoxyisobutyrate- or cholesterol-passage. Indian J Exp Biol 1987; 25:412-5. [PMID: 3440579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Gaur AK, Bajpai VK, Rastogi AK, Shipstone AC, Garg NK. Physiochemical alteration of surface membrane of axenic Entamoeba histolytica during repeated cholesterol passage. Indian J Biochem Biophys 1987; 24:34-8. [PMID: 2887508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Singha SS, Shukla RK, Garg RL, Gaur AK, Srivastava VK, Bhardwaj RP, Bhatnagar VM, Jain SC. Valvular heart disease and familial hyperlipoproteinaemic xanthomatosis. Indian Heart J 1976; 28:210-5. [PMID: 1022665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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