Favourable outcomes for high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (IPI 3-5) treated with front-line R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC chemotherapy: results of a phase 2 UK NCRI trial.
Ann Oncol 2020;
31:1251-1259. [PMID:
32464282 PMCID:
PMC7487775 DOI:
10.1016/j.annonc.2020.05.016]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Outcomes for patients with high-risk diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy are suboptimal but, to date, no alternative regimen has been shown to improve survival rates. This phase 2 trial aimed to assess the efficacy of a Burkitt-like approach for high-risk DLBCL using the dose-intense R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC regimen.
Patients and methods
Eligible patients were aged 18–65 years with stage II–IV untreated DLBCL and an International Prognostic Index (IPI) score of 3–5. Patients received alternating cycles of CODOX-M (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate) alternating with IVAC chemotherapy (ifosfamide, etoposide and high-dose cytarabine) plus eight doses of rituximab. Response was assessed by computed tomography after completing all four cycles of chemotherapy. The primary end point was 2-year progression-free survival (PFS).
Results
A total of 111 eligible patients were registered; median age was 50 years, IPI score was 3 (60.4%) or 4/5 (39.6%), 54% had a performance status ≥2 and 9% had central nervous system involvement. A total of 85 patients (76.6%) completed all four cycles of chemotherapy. There were five treatment-related deaths (4.3%), all in patients with performance status of 3 and aged >50 years. Two-year PFS for the whole cohort was 67.9% [90% confidence interval (CI) 59.9–74.6] and 2-year overall survival was 76.0% (90% CI 68.5–82.0). The ability to tolerate and complete treatment was lower in patients with performance status ≥2 who were aged >50 years, where 2-year PFS was 43.5% (90% CI 27.9–58.0).
Conclusions
This trial demonstrates that R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC is a feasible and effective regimen for the treatment of younger and/or fit patients with high-risk DLBCL. These encouraging survival rates demonstrate that this regimen warrants further investigation against standard of care.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT00974792) and EudraCT (2005-003479-19).
R-CODOX-M/R-IVAC is an effective regimen for treatment of high-risk DLBCL and high-grade B-cell lymphoma (IPI score 3–5).
Treatment was well tolerated in patients aged <50 years, or aged 50–65 with performance status 0 or 1.
The 2-year PFS was 67.9% (90% CI: 59.9–74.6) for the whole cohort.
This regimen warrants further evaluation against standard of care in high-risk DLBCL.
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