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Hassanein W, Kane L, Lezberg P, Hassanein A, Dang N, LaFrancesca S, Kaw A, Brann S, Omara M, Reddy S, Ihnken K, Salihi MA, Zafar F, Khayal T. First Report on the Performance of the National OCS Program (NOP) in U.S. Heart and Lung Transplants. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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2
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Abd-El Raouf R, AwadAlla S, Hassanin M, Hassanein A. EFFECT OF SOME METHODS FOR CONTROLLING WEEDS AND WILT DISEASES ON THE PRODUCTIVITY OF GERANIUM PLANTS. Scient J of Flowers and Ornament Plants 2022; 9:373-395. [DOI: 10.21608/sjfop.2022.293100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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3
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Sizyuk V, Hassanein A. New proposed ITER divertor design using carbon insert on tungsten to mitigate ELMs and secondary radiation effects on nearby components. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4698. [PMID: 35304581 PMCID: PMC8933477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08837-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Building a successful device for the magnetic fusion energy production is a great challenge. ITER is an international project of the tokamak based magnetic fusion design being developed for the demonstration of the feasibility of thermonuclear technologies for future realization of successful commercial fusion energy. A key obstacle to a successful magnetic fusion energy production is however, the performance during abnormal events including plasma disruptions and edge-localized modes (ELMs). A credible reactor design must tolerate at least a few of these transient events without serious consequences such as melting of the structure. This paper investigates and compares the performance of the current ITER tokamak design during two types of transient events, i.e., ELMs occurring at normal operation and disruptions during abnormal operation. We simulated the divertor components response using our integrated 3D HEIGHTS package. The simulations include self-consistent modeling of the interaction of the released core plasma particles with the initial solid divertor material, energy deposition processes, vaporization of divertor material, secondary plasma formation and MHD evolution, incident core particles collisions and scattering from this dense secondary plasma, photon radiation of secondary plasma, and the resulting heat loads on nearby components. Our simulations showed that using a small carbon insert around the strike point can significantly reduce the overall expected damage on the tungsten dome structure, reflector plates, and prevent tungsten vaporization and its potential core plasma contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Sizyuk
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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4
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Abstract
The international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) is a worldwide project currently being built in France for the demonstration of the feasibility of thermonuclear technologies for future realization of successful commercial fusion energy. ITER is of the tokamak based design using strong magnetic fields to confine the very hot plasma needed to induce the fusion reaction. Tokamak devices are currently the front leading designs. Building a successful magnetic fusion device for energy production is of great challenge. A key obstacle to such design is the performance during abnormal events including plasma disruptions and so-called edge-localized modes (ELMs). In these events, a massive and sudden release of energy occurs quickly, due to loss of full or partial plasma confinement, leading to very high transient power loads on the reactor surface boundaries. A successful reactor design should tolerate several of these transient events without serious damages such as melting and vaporization of the structure. This paper highlights, through comprehensive state-of-the-art computer simulation of the entire ITER interior design during such transient events, e.g., ELMs occurring at normal operation and disruptions during abnormal operation, potential serious problems with current plasma facing components (PFCs) design. The HEIGHTS computer package is used in these simulations. The ITER reactor design was simulated in full and exact 3D geometry including all known relevant physical processes involved during these transient events. The current ITER divertor design may not work properly and may requires significant modifications or new innovative design to prevent serious damage and to ensure successful operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
| | - V Sizyuk
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
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5
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Hassanein A, Salahuddin N, Matsuda A, Hattori T, Elfiky M. Fabrication of Electrochemical Sensor Based on Layered Double Hydroxide/Polypyrrole/Carbon Paste for Determination of an Alpha-adrenergic Blocking Agent Terazosin. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Hassanein
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Tanta University; Egypt
| | - N. Salahuddin
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Tanta University; Egypt
| | - A. Matsuda
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering; Toyohashi University of Technology; Japan
| | - T. Hattori
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering; Toyohashi University of Technology; Japan
| | - M. Elfiky
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science; Tanta University; Egypt
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Information Engineering; Toyohashi University of Technology; Japan
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6
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Sadek S, Mohran M, Abd- El Rahim A, Hassanein A. Influence of Cumin and Thyme Aqueous Extracts on the Activity of some Starter Cultures. Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences 2017; 8:405-409. [DOI: 10.21608/jfds.2017.38922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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7
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Sinclair G, Tripathi JK, Diwakar PK, Hassanein A. Melt layer erosion during ELM-like heat loading on molybdenum as an alternative plasma-facing material. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12273. [PMID: 28947746 PMCID: PMC5612961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12418-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient events that occur during plasma instabilities in fusion reactors impart large heat fluxes onto the surrounding plasma-facing components (PFCs). Erosion and splashing of PFCs can contaminate the plasma and shorten material lifetime. Although tungsten is currently considered the most promising candidate material for future PFCs, concerns over the thermal shock performance during type-I ELMs (transient events expected in fusion devices) necessitate the study of other comparable materials. ELM-like heat loading was applied via a pulsed Nd:YAG millisecond laser on a pristine molybdenum (Mo) surface to measure surface melting and mass loss. One potential advantage of Mo is its higher specific heat of vaporization, which could lead to reduced particle emission. Imaging of the surface after loading revealed that complete surface melting began at 1.0 MJ m-2 (heat load parameter of 31.62 MJ m-2 s-1/2). Photon excitation also increased significantly above 1.0 MJ m-2, indicating possible phase change. At 1.4 MJ m-2 (44.27 MJ m-2 s-1/2), in situ mass loss measurements found an exponential increase in particle emission, indicating the presence of droplet formation and boiling. Direct comparisons of erosion during pulsed heat loading between PFC candidate materials will ensure that future fusion devices design components with optimal thermal strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sinclair
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - J K Tripathi
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - P K Diwakar
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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Najmabadi F, Conn RW, Bathke CG, Baxi CB, Bromberg L, Brooks J, Cheng ET, Davis F, Ehst DA, El-Guebaly LA, Emmert GA, Dolan TJ, Hasan MZ, Hassanein A, Herring JS, Holmes JA, Hua T, Hull A, Jardin SC, Kessel C, Khater HY, Krakowski RA, Leuer JA, Lousteau DC, Mattis R, Mau TK, McQuillan BW, Picologlou B, Puhn FA, Santarius JF, Sawan M, Schultz J, Schultz KR, Sharafat S, Snead L, Steiner D, Strickler DJ, Sviatoslavsky IN, Sze DK, Valenti M, Werley KA, Wong CPC. The ARIES-II and ARIES-IV Second-Stability Tokamak Reactors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst92-a29970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - R. W. Conn
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - L. Bromberg
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | - J. Brooks
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | | | - F. Davis
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
| | - D. A. Ehst
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | | | | | - T. J. Dolan
- Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, I
| | | | | | - J. S. Herring
- Idaho National Engineering Laboratory, Idaho Falls, I
| | | | - T. Hua
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | - A. Hull
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | - S. C. Jardin
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ
| | - C. Kessel
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ
| | | | | | | | | | - R. Mattis
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | - T-K. Mau
- University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Sawan
- University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
| | - J. Schultz
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
| | | | | | - L. Snead
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | - D. Steiner
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
| | | | | | - D-K. Sze
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
| | - M. Valenti
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
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9
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Sinclair G, Tripathi J, Diwakar P, Wirtz M, Linke J, Hassanein A. Structural evolution of tungsten surface exposed to sequential low-energy helium ion irradiation and transient heat loading. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Gonderman S, Tripathi J, Novakowski T, Sizyuk T, Hassanein A. Effect of dual ion beam irradiation (helium and deuterium) on tungsten–tantalum alloys under fusion relevant conditions. Nuclear Materials and Energy 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nme.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Denisov E, Kanashenko S, Causey R, Grishechkin S, Glugla M, Hassanein A, Kompaniets T, Kurdyumov A, Malkov I, Yukhimchuk A. Effect of Radiogenic Helium on Stainless Steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti Structural Changes and Hydrogen Sorption. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst08-a1861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Denisov
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - S. Kanashenko
- – Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - R. Causey
- – Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - S. Grishechkin
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - M. Glugla
- – Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Tritium Laboratory (TLK), PO Box 3640, D 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - A. Hassanein
- – Argonne National Laboratory, South Cass Avenue, Bldg.362, Argonne 9700, USA
| | - T. Kompaniets
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - A. Kurdyumov
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - I. Malkov
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - A. Yukhimchuk
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
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12
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Brooks JN, Allain JP, Bastasz R, Doerner R, Evans T, Hassanein A, Kaita R, Luckhardt S, Maingi R, Majeski R, Morley NB, Narula M, Rognlien T, Ruzic D, Stubbers R, Ulrickson M, Wong C, Whyte D, Ying A. Overview of the ALPS Program. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. N. Brooks
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | - J. P. Allain
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | | | | | | | - A. Hassanein
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | - R. Kaita
- Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
| | | | | | | | | | - M. Narula
- University of California Los Angeles
| | | | - D. Ruzic
- University of Illinois Urbana Champaign
| | | | | | | | - D. Whyte
- University of California San Diego
| | - A. Ying
- University of California Los Angeles
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13
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Tanaka KA, Hassanein A, Hirooka Y, Kono T, Misaki S, Ohishi T, Sunahara A, Tanaka S. Carbon Plume Stagnation: Platform for Vapor Shield Study. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Tanaka
- Purdue University, 500 Central Drive West Lafayette, IN 47907 U.S.A
| | - A. Hassanein
- Purdue University, 500 Central Drive West Lafayette, IN 47907 U.S.A
| | - Y. Hirooka
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kono
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Misaki
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ohishi
- National Institute of Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Sunahara
- Institute for Laser Technology, 2-6 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan
| | - S. Tanaka
- Ritsumeikan Univ. College. of Information Science and Engineering, Higashi 1-1-1, Noji, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577 Japan
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14
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Genco F, Hassanein A. Modeling of Damage and Lifetime Analysis of Plasma Facing Components During Plasma Instabilities in Tokamaks. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Genco
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - A. Hassanein
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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15
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Hassanein A, Allain JP, Insepov Z, Konkashbaev I. Plasma/Liquid-Metal Interactions During Tokamak Operation. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst05-a765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Hassanein
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | - J. P. Allain
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | - Z. Insepov
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
| | - I. Konkashbaev
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439, USA
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16
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Insepov Z, Hassanein A, Bazhirov T, Norman G, Stegailov V. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Bubble Formation and Cavitation in Liquid Metals. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Z. Insepov
- Argonne National Laboratory: 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439
| | - A. Hassanein
- Argonne National Laboratory: 9700 South Cass Ave, Argonne IL, 60439
| | - T.T. Bazhirov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS: Izhorskaya st. 13/19, Moscow 125412, Russia
| | - G.é. Norman
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS: Izhorskaya st. 13/19, Moscow 125412, Russia
| | - V.V. Stegailov
- Joint Institute for High Temperatures of RAS: Izhorskaya st. 13/19, Moscow 125412, Russia
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17
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Novakowski TJ, Tripathi JK, Hassanein A. Effect of high-flux, low-energy He + ion irradiation on Ta as a plasma-facing material. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39746. [PMID: 28008976 PMCID: PMC5180095 DOI: 10.1038/srep39746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work is to assess Ta as a potential plasma-facing material for future fusion reactors in terms of its response to high-flux, low-energy He+ ion irradiation. Ta samples were irradiated with 100 eV He+ ions at various fluences up to 3.5 × 1025 ions m−2 while simultaneously heated at constant temperatures in the range 823–1223 K. SEM studies show that irradiated Ta surfaces undergo significant morphology changes that have a strong dependence on both ion fluence and sample temperature. Optical reflectivity complements SEM and demonstrates a vertical growth of surface structures with increasing fluence. Ex situ XPS and XRD both show significant oxidation of the irradiated Ta surfaces, giving further qualitative information on the extent of surface modification. Overall, these irradiation-induced structures on Ta are similar to early-stage “fuzz” structures observed in W. However, Ta exhibits a higher fluence threshold for structure formation. While Ta may have less desirable bulk properties (e.g., thermal conductivity) when compared to W, its higher resilience to He+ ion-induced surface modification suggests that surface thermal and mechanical properties may not degrade as quickly in extreme fusion environments; this quality may be a redeeming factor for Ta as a plasma-facing material.
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Affiliation(s)
- T J Novakowski
- Center for Materials Under eXtreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - J K Tripathi
- Center for Materials Under eXtreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under eXtreme Environment (CMUXE), School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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18
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Suslova A, El-Atwani O, Sagapuram D, Harilal SS, Hassanein A. Corrigendum: recrystallization and grain growth induced by ELMs-like transient heat loads in deformed tungsten samples. Sci Rep 2015; 5:8950. [PMID: 25762483 PMCID: PMC5390912 DOI: 10.1038/srep08950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Suslova
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - O El-Atwani
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - D Sagapuram
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - S S Harilal
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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19
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Suslova A, El-Atwani O, Sagapuram D, Harilal SS, Hassanein A. Recrystallization and grain growth induced by ELMs-like transient heat loads in deformed tungsten samples. Sci Rep 2014; 4:6845. [PMID: 25366885 PMCID: PMC4219166 DOI: 10.1038/srep06845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tungsten has been chosen as the main candidate for plasma facing components (PFCs) due to its superior properties under extreme operating conditions in future nuclear fusion reactors such as ITER. One of the serious issues for PFCs is the high heat load during transient events such as ELMs and disruption in the reactor. Recrystallization and grain size growth in PFC materials caused by transients are undesirable changes in the material, since the isotropic microstructure developed after recrystallization exhibits a higher ductile-to-brittle transition temperature which increases with the grain size, a lower thermal shock fatigue resistance, a lower mechanical strength, and an increased surface roughening. The current work was focused on careful determination of the threshold parameters for surface recrystallization, grain growth rate, and thermal shock fatigue resistance under ELM-like transient heat events. Transient heat loads were simulated using long pulse laser beams for two different grades of ultrafine-grained tungsten. It was observed that cold rolled tungsten demonstrated better power handling capabilities and higher thermal stress fatigue resistance compared to severely deformed tungsten. Higher recrystallization threshold, slower grain growth, and lower degree of surface roughening were observed in the cold rolled tungsten.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Suslova
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - O El-Atwani
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - D Sagapuram
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - S S Harilal
- School of Materials Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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20
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García Sáez D, Elbetanony A, Lezberg P, Hassanein A, Zych B, Sabashnikov A, Mohite P, Patil N, Weymann A, Simon A. Heart Transplantation With Organs Procured After Cardio-Circulatory Death and the Organ Care System. Assessment and Reconditioning of Hearts in a Porcine Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2014.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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21
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LaHaye NL, Harilal SS, Diwakar PK, Hassanein A, Kulkarni P. The effect of ultrafast laser wavelength on ablation properties and implications on sample introduction in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Appl Phys 2013; 114:023103. [PMID: 26640294 PMCID: PMC4668957 DOI: 10.1063/1.4812491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the role of femtosecond (fs) laser wavelength on laser ablation (LA) and its relation to laser generated aerosol counts and particle distribution, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) signal intensity, detection limits, and elemental fractionation. Four different NIST standard reference materials (610, 613, 615, and 616) were ablated using 400 nm and 800 nm fs laser pulses to study the effect of wavelength on laser ablation rate, accuracy, precision, and fractionation. Our results show that the detection limits are lower for 400 nm laser excitation than 800 nm laser excitation at lower laser energies but approximately equal at higher energies. Ablation threshold was also found to be lower for 400 nm than 800 nm laser excitation. Particle size distributions are very similar for 400 nm and 800 nm wavelengths; however, they differ significantly in counts at similar laser fluence levels. This study concludes that 400 nm LA is more beneficial for sample introduction in ICP-MS, particularly when lower laser energies are to be used for ablation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N L LaHaye
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - S S Harilal
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - P K Diwakar
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - A Hassanein
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - P Kulkarni
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45213, USA
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Harilal SS, Miloshevsky GV, Sizyuk T, Hassanein A. Effects of excitation laser wavelength on Ly-α and He-α line emission from nitrogen plasmas. Phys Plasmas 2013; 20:13105. [PMID: 23405037 PMCID: PMC3555915 DOI: 10.1063/1.4775725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Laser-produced nitrogen plasmas emitting radiation at 2.48 nm (Ly-α) and 2.88 nm (He-α) are considered potential efficient sources for water-window (WW) microscopy. The atomic and optical properties of nitrogen plasma and influence of the laser wavelength on the line emission in the WW range are investigated. It is found that the optimal temperatures for maximum emission from Ly-α and He-α spectral lines are 40-60 eV and 80-100 eV, respectively. The WW line emission and the conversion efficiency (CE) are estimated for three distinct Nd:YAG laser wavelengths (1064 nm, 532 nm, and 266 nm). The calculated CEs are compared with experimentally observed CE values. It is found that 1064 nm wavelength provides the highest CE from laser to Ly-α and He-α radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Harilal
- Center for Materials Under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Brooks J, Hassanein A, Sizyuk T, Allain J. Modeling of plasma/lithium-surface interactions in NSTX: Status and key issues. Fusion Engineering and Design 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2011.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Miloshevsky GV, Hassanein A. Self-confinement of finite dust clusters in isotropic plasmas. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2012; 85:056405. [PMID: 23004877 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.85.056405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Finite two-dimensional dust clusters are systems of a small number of charged grains. The self-confinement of dust clusters in isotropic plasmas is studied using the particle-in-cell method. The energetically favorable configurations of grains in plasma are found that are due to the kinetic effects of plasma ions and electrons. The self-confinement phenomenon is attributed to the change in the plasma composition within a dust cluster resulting in grain attraction mediated by plasma ions. This is a self-consistent state of a dust cluster in which grain's repulsion is compensated by the reduced charge and floating potential on grains, overlapped ion clouds, and depleted electrons within a cluster. The common potential well is formed trapping dust clusters in the confined state. These results provide both valuable insights and a different perspective to the classical view on the formation of boundary-free dust clusters in isotropic plasmas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G V Miloshevsky
- Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2017, USA.
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Avsar M, Warnecke G, Ius F, Haverich A, Abdel Fattah I, Hassanein A, Iraniha M, O'Connor H. 398 Successful 24-Hour Ex-Vivo Maintenance of Swine Lungs Using the Organ Care System (OCS™). J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Avsar M, Ius F, Fattah I, Iraniha M, Hassanein A, Sommer W, Haverich A, Warnecke G. 417 Evaluating a Novel Albumin Free Lung Perfusion Solution in a Swine Lung Transplant Model. J Heart Lung Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2012.01.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Polek M, Harilal SS, Hassanein A. Two-dimensional mapping of the electron density in laser-produced plasmas. Appl Opt 2012; 51:498-503. [PMID: 22307121 DOI: 10.1364/ao.51.000498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We performed two-dimensional (2D) mapping of the electron density in a laser-produced plasma with high spatial and temporal resolution. The plasma was produced by irradiating an aluminum target with 1064 nm, 6 ns pulses from a Nd:YAG laser under vacuum conditions. Stark broadening of the lines was used to estimate the electron density at various locations inside the plasma. The 2D spectral images were captured at different spatial points in the plasma using an imaging spectrograph coupled to an intensified CCD at various times during the plasma expansion. A comparison between radially averaged and radially resolved electron density profiles showed differences in the estimated values at the earlier times of plume evolution and closer distances to the target. However, the measured radially averaged values are consistent with 2D radial profiles at later times and/or farther distances from the target surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Polek
- School of Nuclear Engineering and Center for Materials under Extreme Environment, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
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Crank M, Harilal SS, Hassan SM, Hassanein A. Excitation wavelength dependence of water-window line emissions from boron-nitride laser-produced plasmas. J Appl Phys 2012; 111:33301-333016. [PMID: 22396624 PMCID: PMC3293343 DOI: 10.1063/1.3682087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2011] [Accepted: 01/03/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of laser excitation wavelength on water-window emission lines of laser-produced boron-nitride plasmas. Plasmas are produced by focusing 1064 nm and harmonically generated 532 and 266 nm radiation from a Nd:YAG laser on BN target in vacuum. Soft x-ray emission lines in the water-window region are recorded using a grazing-incidence spectrograph. Filtered photodiodes are used to obtain complementary data for water-window emission intensity and angular dependence. Spectral emission intensity changes in nitrogen Ly-α and He-α are used to show how laser wavelength affects emission. Our results show that the relative intensity of spectral lines is laser wavelength dependent, with the ratio of Ly-α to He-α emission intensity decreasing as laser wavelength is shortened. Filtered photodiode measurements of angular dependence showed that 266 and 532 nm laser wavelengths produce uniform emission.
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Kompaniets T, Yukhimchuk A, Denisov E, Kanashenko S, Causey R, Glugla M, Grishechkin S, Hassanein A, Kurdyumov A, Malkov I. Hydrogen Interaction with Nickel Containing Radiogenic Helium. Fusion Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Kompaniets
- – St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya St., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198904, Russia
| | - A. Yukhimchuk
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region, 607188, Russia
| | - E. Denisov
- – St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya St., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198904, Russia
| | - S. Kanashenko
- – Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr., 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - R. Causey
- - Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - M. Glugla
- – ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon 13115, St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - S. Grishechkin
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region, 607188, Russia
| | - A. Hassanein
- – Purdue University, 400 Central Drive, West Lafayette IN 47907-2017, USA
| | - A. Kurdyumov
- – St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya St., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg, 198904, Russia
| | - I. Malkov
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region, 607188, Russia
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Yukhimchuk A, Boitsov I, Grishechkin S, Denisov E, Causey R, Glugla M, Hassanein A, Kanashenko S, Kompaniets T, Malkov I, Shikin I. Hydrogen Interaction with Stainless Steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti Containing Radiogenic 3He. Fusion Science and Technology 2011. [DOI: 10.13182/fst11-a12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Yukhimchuk
- - Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188
| | - I. Boitsov
- - Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188
| | - S. Grishechkin
- - Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188
| | - E. Denisov
- - St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia
| | - R. Causey
- - Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - M. Glugla
- - ITER Organization, Route de Vinon-sur-Verdon 13115, St. Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - A. Hassanein
- – Purdue University, 400 Central Drive, West Lafayette IN 47907-2017, USA
| | - S. Kanashenko
- - Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr., 31, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - T. Kompaniets
- - St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia
| | - I. Malkov
- - Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188
| | - I. Shikin
- - St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia
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Padwa B, Hassanein A, Greene A, Arany P. Intra-Operative Cooling of Iliac Bone Graft. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2011.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Shi Y, Miloshevsky G, Hassanein A. Boiling induced macroscopic erosion of plasma facing components in fusion devices. Fusion Engineering and Design 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hassanein A, Sizyuk T, Sizyuk V, Miloshevsky G. Impact of various plasma instabilities on reliability and performance of tokamak fusion devices. Fusion Engineering and Design 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2010.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Hassanein A, El - Hawary M, Abd El-Rhman A, Dowiadar G. EFFECT OF IRRIGATION WATER DEFICIT AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZATION ON SOME RICE VARIETIES. Journal of Plant Production 2009; 34:8081-8092. [DOI: 10.21608/jpp.2009.118793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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35
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Hassanein A, Sizyuk T, Ulrickson M. Vertical displacement events: A serious concern in future ITER operation. Fusion Engineering and Design 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2008.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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36
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Enders S, Hassanein A, Haase M. Phasengleichgewichte von Arzneimitteln in Wasser. CHEM-ING-TECH 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.200750484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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37
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Boitsov I, Kanashenko S, Causey R, Denisov E, Glugla M, Grishechkin S, Hassanein A, Lebedev B, Kompaniets T, Kurdyumov A, Malkov I, Yukhimchuk A. Effect of Radiogenic Helium on Stainless Steel 12Cr18Ni10Ti Mechanical Properties and Hydrogen Permeability. Fusion Science and Technology 2008. [DOI: 10.13182/fst08-a1862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- I. Boitsov
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - S. Kanashenko
- – Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr., 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - R. Causey
- – Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 969, MS 9161, Livermore, CA 94551-0969, USA
| | - E. Denisov
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - M. Glugla
- – Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Tritium Laboratory (TLK), PO Box 3640, D 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S. Grishechkin
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - A. Hassanein
- – Argonne National Laboratory, South Cass Avenue, Bldg.362, Argonne 9700, USA
| | - B. Lebedev
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - T. Kompaniets
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - A. Kurdyumov
- – V.A. Fock Research Institute of Physics, St. Petersburg State University, Ulyanovskaya st., 1, Peterhof, St. Petersburg 198904, Russia,
| | - I. Malkov
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
| | - A. Yukhimchuk
- – Russian Federal Nuclear Center – All-Russian Research Institute of Experimental Physics, Mira av., 37, Sarov, Nizhny Novgorod Region 607188, Russia
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Hassanein A, Depick-Smith N, Magill M, Bandarchi B. Focal Regression-Like Changes in Dysplastic Back Nevi :A Diagnostic Pitfall for Malignant Melanoma. J Cutan Pathol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.0303-6987.2005.320cn.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Allain JP, Nieto M, Hendricks MR, Plotkin P, Harilal SS, Hassanein A. IMPACT: a facility to study the interaction of low-energy intense particle beams with dynamic heterogeneous surfaces. Rev Sci Instrum 2007; 78:113105. [PMID: 18052463 DOI: 10.1063/1.2805677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The Interaction of Materials with Particles and Components Testing (IMPACT) experimental facility is furnished with multiple ion sources and in situ diagnostics to study the modification of surfaces undergoing physical, chemical, and electronic changes during exposure to energetic particle beams. Ion beams with energies in the range between 20 and 5000 eV can bombard samples at flux levels in the range of 10(10)-10(15) cm(-2) s(-1); parameters such as ion angle of incidence and exposed area are also controllable during the experiment. IMPACT has diagnostics that allow full characterization of the beam, including a Faraday cup, a beam imaging system, and a retarding field energy analyzer. IMPACT is equipped with multiple diagnostics, such as electron (Auger, photoelectron) and ion scattering spectroscopies that allow different probing depths of the sample to monitor compositional changes in multicomponent and/or layered targets. A unique real-time erosion diagnostic based on a dual quartz crystal microbalance measures deposition from an eroding surface with rates smaller than 0.01 nm/s, which can be converted to a sputter yield measurement. The monitoring crystal can be rotated and placed in the target position so that the deposited material on the quartz crystal oscillator surface can be characterized without transfer outside of the vacuum chamber.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Allain
- Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA.
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Allain JP, Nieto M, Hassanein A, Titov V, Plotkin P, Hendricks M, Hinson E, Chrobak C, van der Velden MHL, Rice B. Effect of charged-particle bombardment on collector mirror reflectivity in EUV lithography devices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1117/12.656652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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Nygren R, Cowgill D, Ulrickson M, Nelson B, Fogarty P, Rognlien T, Rensink M, Hassanein A, Smolentsev S, Kotschenreuther M. Design integration of liquid surface divertors. Fusion Engineering and Design 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fusengdes.2004.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hassanein A, Morozov V. Chamber wall response to target implosion in inertial fusion reactors: new and critical assessments. Fusion Engineering and Design 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(02)00280-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Konkashbaev I, Hassanein A. MHD problems in free liquid surfaces as plasma-facing materials in magnetically confined reactors. Fusion Engineering and Design 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(02)00231-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abdou M, TEAM TAPEX, Ying A, Morley N, Gulec K, Smolentsev S, Kotschenreuther M, Malang S, Zinkle S, Rognlien T, Fogarty P, Nelson B, Nygren R, McCarthy K, Youssef M, Ghoniem N, Sze D, Wong C, Sawan M, Khater H, Woolley R, Mattas R, Moir R, Sharafat S, Brooks J, Hassanein A, Petti D, Tillack M, Ulrickson M, Uchimoto T. On the exploration of innovative concepts for fusion chamber technology. Fusion Engineering and Design 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00433-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Mattas R, Allain J, Bastasz R, Brooks J, Evans T, Hassanein A, Luckhardt S, McCarthy K, Mioduszewski P, Maingi R, Mogahed E, Moir R, Molokov S, Morely N, Nygren R, Rognlien T, Reed C, Ruzic D, Sviatoslavsky I, Sze D, Tillack M, Ulrickson M, Wade P, Wooley R, Wong C. ALPS–advanced limiter-divertor plasma-facing systems. Fusion Engineering and Design 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(00)00385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Cyclic voltammetry was used to explore the adsorption behavior of secnidazole on a hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE). The effects of various operational parameters on the accumulation behavior of the adsorbed species were tested. Thus, a sensitive stripping voltammetry procedure for the determination of secnidazole with an adsorptive accumulation on the surface of HMDE has been developed. Measurements were taken by differential-pulse voltammetry after determination of the optimum conditions. The linear concentration range was 1 x 10(-8)-1 x 10(-7) s when using a 120 s preconcentration at -0.1 V vs. Ag/AgCl in acetate buffer of pH 4.0. The detection limit of secnidazole was 5 x 10(-9) M. The precision, expressed by the coefficient of variation, was 2.5% (n = 10) at a concentration of 1 x 10(-7) m. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of secnidazole in urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Radi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Demiatta, Egypt
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49
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Abstract
The authors report an example of pleomorphic fibroma in a unique site: the subungual space of the thumb. A 54-year-old man presented with paronychia and markedly thickened hyperkeratotic nail. The nail plate was removed, and an exophytic, red, friable, granulation tissue-like lesion was revealed subungually. The lesion was diagnosed clinically as pyogenic granuloma. Excisional biopsy was performed. Histologically, the lesion showed a hypocellular fibroma with myxoid areas and dilated blood vessels. Interspersed with ordinary appearing fibroblasts, there were bizarre, atypical fibroblasts with hyperchromatic and large, pleomorphic nuclei and multinucleated floret-like giant cells. These atypical cells showed strong immunoreactivity with antibodies against CD34 and vimentin. Occasional positivity was noted with factor XIIIa and alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, whereas no reactivity occurred with alpha-1-antitrypsin, actin, or S-100 protein. The entity of pleomorphic fibroma has been reported in many body sites; however, this is the first case to be reported in the subungual space.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hassanein
- Department of Dermatology, Allegheny University of the Health Sciences (Hahnemann Campus), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Bolt H, Scholz T, Boedo J, Finken K, Hassanein A, Linke J. Response of plasma-facing materials to high transient heat loads in a tokamak. Fusion Engineering and Design 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0920-3796(98)00130-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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