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Bongers WA, Goede APH, Westerhof E, Oosterbeek JW, Doelman NJ, SchÜller FC, de Baar MR, Kasparek W, Wubie W, Wagner D, Stober J. Magnetic Island Localization for NTM Control by ECE Viewed Along the Same Optical Path of the ECCD Beam. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst09-a4071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. A. Bongers
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. P. H. Goede
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - E. Westerhof
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - J. W. Oosterbeek
- bInstitut für Energieforschung—Plasmaphysik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Association EURATOM-FZJ, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - N. J. Doelman
- cTNO-Institute, Stieltjesweg 1, PO Box 155, 2600 AD Delft, The Netherlands
| | - F. C. SchÜller
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. R. de Baar
- aFOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - W. Kasparek
- dInstitut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - W. Wubie
- dInstitut für Plasmaforschung, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - D. Wagner
- eMax Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association EURATOM-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
| | - J. Stober
- eMax Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, Association EURATOM-IPP, D-85748 Garching, Germany
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Graswinckel MF, Van den Berg MA, Bongers WA, Donné AJH, Goede APH, Lopes Cardozo N, Ronden DMS, Verhoeven AGA. Design of the ITER Upper Port Electron Cyclotron Heating and Current Drive System Based on Remote Steering. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst08-a1666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Graswinckel
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M. A. Van den Berg
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - W. A. Bongers
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. J. H. Donné
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. P. H. Goede
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - N. Lopes Cardozo
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - D. M. S. Ronden
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - A. G. A. Verhoeven
- FOM Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM Partner in the Trilateral Euregio Cluster, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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Bongers WA, van Beveren V, Thoen DJ, Nuij PJWM, de Baar MR, Donné AJH, Westerhof E, Goede APH, Krijger B, van den Berg MA, Kantor M, Graswinckel MF, Hennen BA, Schüller FC. Intermediate frequency band digitized high dynamic range radiometer system for plasma diagnostics and real-time Tokamak control. Rev Sci Instrum 2011; 82:063508. [PMID: 21721692 DOI: 10.1063/1.3594101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
An intermediate frequency (IF) band digitizing radiometer system in the 100-200 GHz frequency range has been developed for Tokamak diagnostics and control, and other fields of research which require a high flexibility in frequency resolution combined with a large bandwidth and the retrieval of the full wave information of the mm-wave signals under investigation. The system is based on directly digitizing the IF band after down conversion. The enabling technology consists of a fast multi-giga sample analog to digital converter that has recently become available. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) are implemented to accomplish versatile real-time data analysis. A prototype system has been developed and tested and its performance has been compared with conventional electron cyclotron emission (ECE) spectrometer systems. On the TEXTOR Tokamak a proof of principle shows that ECE, together with high power injected and scattered radiation, becomes amenable to measurement by this device. In particular, its capability to measure the phase of coherent signals in the spectrum offers important advantages in diagnostics and control. One case developed in detail employs the FPGA in real-time fast Fourier transform (FFT) and additional signal processing. The major benefit of such a FFT-based system is the real-time trade-off that can be made between frequency and time resolution. For ECE diagnostics this corresponds to a flexible spatial resolution in the plasma, with potential application in smart sensing of plasma instabilities such as the neoclassical tearing mode (NTM) and sawtooth instabilities. The flexible resolution would allow for the measurement of the full mode content of plasma instabilities contained within the system bandwidth.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Bongers
- FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, PO Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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Thoen DJ, Bongers WA, Westerhof E, Oosterbeek JW, de Baar MR, van den Berg MA, van Beveren V, Bürger A, Goede APH, Graswinckel MF, Hennen BA, Schüller FC. Development and testing of a fast Fourier transform high dynamic-range spectral diagnostics for millimeter wave characterization. Rev Sci Instrum 2009; 80:103504. [PMID: 19895061 DOI: 10.1063/1.3244091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A fast Fourier transform (FFT) based wide range millimeter wave diagnostics for spectral characterization of scattered millimeter waves in plasmas has been successfully brought into operation. The scattered millimeter waves are heterodyne downconverted and directly digitized using a fast analog-digital converter and a compact peripheral component interconnect computer. Frequency spectra are obtained by FFT in the time domain of the intermediate frequency signal. The scattered millimeter waves are generated during high power electron cyclotron resonance heating experiments on the TEXTOR tokamak and demonstrate the performance of the diagnostics and, in particular, the usability of direct digitizing and Fourier transformation of millimeter wave signals. The diagnostics is able to acquire 4 GHz wide spectra of signals in the range of 136-140 GHz. The rate of spectra is tunable and has been tested between 200,000 spectra/s with a frequency resolution of 100 MHz and 120 spectra/s with a frequency resolution of 25 kHz. The respective dynamic ranges are 52 and 88 dB. Major benefits of the new diagnostics are a tunable time and frequency resolution due to postdetection, near-real time processing of the acquired data. This diagnostics has a wider application in astrophysics, earth observation, plasma physics, and molecular spectroscopy for the detection and analysis of millimeter wave radiation, providing high-resolution spectra at high temporal resolution and large dynamic range.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Thoen
- Association EURATOM-FOM, Trilateral Euregio Cluster, FOM-Institute for Plasma Physics Rijnhuizen, P.O. Box 1207, 3430 BE Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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Frankenberg C, Meirink JF, Bergamaschi P, Goede APH, Heimann M, Körner S, Platt U, van Weele M, Wagner T. Satellite chartography of atmospheric methane from SCIAMACHY on board ENVISAT: Analysis of the years 2003 and 2004. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2005jd006235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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de Valk JPJMM, Goede APH, de Jonge ARW, Mees J, Franke B, Crewell S, Küllmann H, Urban J, Wohlgemuth J, Chipperfield MP, Lee AM. Airborne heterodyne measurements of stratospheric ClO, HCl, O3, and N2O during SESAME 1 over northern Europe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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