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Synthesis and Optical Properties of the Conformationally Locked Diarylmethene Derivative of the GFP Chromophore. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162022050077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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2
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Optimization of Two- and Three-Cascade Schemes for Efficient Separation of Stable Isotopes. ATOM ENERGY+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10512-022-00862-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ir-192 radioisotope replacement with a hand-portable 1 MeV Ku-band electron linear accelerator. Appl Radiat Isot 2021; 179:110029. [PMID: 34814009 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2021.110029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Although linear accelerators are used in many security, industrial and medical applications, the existing technologies are too large and expensive for several critical applications such as radioactive source replacement, field radiography and mobile cargo scanners. One of the main requirements for these sources is to be highly portable to allow field operation. In response to this problem, RadiaBeam has designed a hand-portable 1 MeV X-ray source, scalable to higher energies, based on Ku-band split electron linac, that can be used for Ir-192 radioisotope replacement. In this paper, we present its multiphysics and engineering design studies, as well as an accelerating structure prototype along with RF measurements.
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A Thiophene Analog of the GFP Chromophore As Fluorogen for FAST Protein. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021050198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
RadiaBeam has developed a 6 MeV accelerator that is compact and light enough to be placed on a robotic arm or light truck. The main drivers of size and weight in conventional accelerators are the power source and the shielding. Small dimensions are enabled by operation at 9.3 GHz frequency (X-band), which allows reducing the size and weight of all accelerator components. Thanks to the robust design of the accelerating structure, the accelerator can be used as a source for novel cargo inspection and radiotherapy techniques. In this paper, we present the linac design and its components, as well the results of the experimental demonstration of beam acceleration.
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Lability of Stationary and Time-Resolved Optical Properties of the Conformationally Locked CFP Chromophore Derivative. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021030043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Security of Export Deliveries of Regenerated-Uranium Light-Water Reactor Fuel from the Standpoint of IAEA Safeguards. ATOM ENERGY+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10512-020-00701-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Synthesis and Optical Properties of the Conformationally Locked Indole and Indoline Derivatives of the GFP Chromophore. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020050040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Synthesis and Optical Properties of the New Acetylene Kaede Chromophore Analog. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020030231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Thermionic microwave gun for terahertz and synchrotron light sources. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2020; 91:044701. [PMID: 32357711 DOI: 10.1063/5.0002765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional thermionic microwave and radio frequency (RF) guns can offer high average beam current, which is important for synchrotron light and terahertz (THz) radiation source facilities, as well as for industrial applications. For example, the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory is a national synchrotron-radiation light source research facility that utilizes thermionic RF guns. However, these existing thermionic guns are bulky, difficult to handle and install, easily detuned, very sensitive to thermal expansion, and due for a major upgrade and replacement. In this paper, we present the design of a new, more stable, and reliable gun with optimized electromagnetic performance, improved thermal engineering, and a more robust cathode mounting technique, which is a critical step to improve the performance of existing and future light sources, industrial accelerators, and electron beam-driven THz sources. We will also present a fabricated gun prototype and show results of high-power and beam tests.
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Synthesis and Optical Properties of the New Kaede Chromophore Analog. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Universal Separation Potential for Multicomponent Mixtures: Reasons for Its Absence. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024419040241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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GDT Device. Recent Results and Future Plans for GDT Upgrade. FUSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.13182/fst03-a11963562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Enrichment of Regenerated Uranium in a Gas Centrifuge Cascade with Simultaneous Dilution of 232,236U by Waste and Low-Enrichment Uranium. ATOM ENERGY+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10512-017-0278-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Structures and optical and electrochemical properties of the Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes with cyclometallated 2-phenylbenzothiazole and 1,4,7-trithiocyclononane. RUSS J COORD CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070328417040029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Isotopically modified molybdenum for safe nuclear power. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579516060154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Features of mass transfer of intermediate components in square gas centrifuge cascade for separating multicomponent mixtures. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579514050248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Q-cascades for obtaining highly concentrated intermediate components of separated mixtures. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579513040313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Evaluation of specific cost of obtainment of lead-208 isotope by gas centrifuges using various raw materials. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579512040161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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A study of the kinetics of phenol oxidation on a fibrous catalyst. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427212020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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28
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Influence of feed flow profile of cascade stages on the mass transfer of intermediate components. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579510060084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Proton transport and torque generation in rotary biomotors. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2008; 78:031921. [PMID: 18851079 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.78.031921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We analyze the dynamics of rotary biomotors within a simple nanoelectromechanical model, consisting of a stator part and a ring-shaped rotor having 12 proton-binding sites. This model is closely related to the membrane-embedded F0 motor of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase, which converts the energy of the transmembrane electrochemical gradient of protons into mechanical motion of the rotor. It is shown that the Coulomb coupling between the negative charge of the empty rotor site and the positive stator charge, located near the periplasmic proton-conducting channel (proton source), plays a dominant role in the torque-generating process. When approaching the source outlet, the rotor site has a proton energy level higher than the energy level of the site, located near the cytoplasmic channel (proton drain). In the first stage of this torque-generating process, the energy of the electrochemical potential is converted into potential energy of the proton-binding sites on the rotor. Afterwards, the tangential component of the Coulomb force produces a mechanical torque. We demonstrate that, at low temperatures, the loaded motor works in the shuttling regime where the energy of the electrochemical potential is consumed without producing any unidirectional rotation. The motor switches to the torque-generating regime at high temperatures, when the Brownian ratchet mechanism turns on. In the presence of a significant external torque, created by ATP hydrolysis, the system operates as a proton pump, which translocates protons against the transmembrane potential gradient. Here we focus on the F0 motor, even though our analysis is applicable to the bacterial flagellar motor.
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Abstract
We present the first experimental results on a device with more than two superconducting qubits. The circuit consists of four three-junction flux qubits, with simultaneous ferro- and antiferromagnetic coupling implemented using shared Josephson junctions. Its response, which is dominated by the ground state, is characterized using low-frequency impedance measurement with a superconducting tank circuit coupled to the qubits. The results are found to be in excellent agreement with the quantum-mechanical predictions.
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Neutrino oscillations in low density medium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:241801. [PMID: 15697793 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.241801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have solved the evolution equation for neutrinos in a low density medium, V<<Deltam(2)/2E, where V is the matter potential, developing the perturbation theory in epsilon identical with2VE/Deltam(2). Simple and physically transparent formulas for the oscillation probabilities have been derived in the lowest order in epsilon which are valid for an arbitrary density profile. The formulas can be applied for propagation of the solar and supernova neutrinos in matter of the Earth, substantially simplifying numerical calculations. Using these formulas we study sensitivity of the oscillations to structures of the density profile situated at different distances d from a detector. For the mass-to-flavor transitions, e.g., nu(2)-->nu(e), we have found the attenuation effect: a decrease of the sensitivity to remote structures, d>l(nu)E/DeltaE, where l(nu) is the oscillation length and DeltaE/E is the energy resolution of a detector.
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Evidence for entangled states of two coupled flux qubits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:037003. [PMID: 15323858 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.037003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We have studied the low-frequency magnetic susceptibility of two inductively coupled flux qubits using the impedance measurement technique (IMT), through their influence on the resonant properties of a weakly coupled high-quality tank circuit. In a single qubit, an IMT dip in the tank's current-voltage phase angle at the level anticrossing yields the amplitude of coherent flux tunneling. For two qubits, the difference (IMT deficit) between the sum of single-qubit dips and the dip amplitude when both qubits are at degeneracy shows that the system is in a mixture of entangled states (a necessary condition for entanglement). The dependence on temperature and relative bias between the qubits allows one to determine all the parameters of the effective Hamiltonian and equilibrium density matrix, and confirms the formation of entangled eigenstates.
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Quasiparticle decoherence in d-wave superconducting qubits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 92:017001. [PMID: 14754010 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.92.017001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
It is usually argued that the presence of gapless quasiparticle excitations at the nodes of the d-wave superconducting gap should strongly decohere the quantum states of a d-wave qubit, making quantum effects practically unobservable. Using a self-consistent linear response nonequilibrium quasiclassical formalism, we show that this is not necessarily true. We find quasiparticle conductance of a d-wave grain boundary junction to be strongly phase dependent. Midgap states as well as nodal quasiparticles contribute to the conductance and therefore decoherence. Quantum behavior is estimated to be detectable in a qubit containing a d-wave junction with appropriate parameters.
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Continuous monitoring of Rabi oscillations in a Josephson flux qubit. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:097906. [PMID: 14525214 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.097906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Under resonant irradiation, a quantum system can undergo coherent (Rabi) oscillations in time. We report evidence for such oscillations in a continuously observed three-Josephson-junction flux qubit, coupled to a high-quality tank circuit tuned to the Rabi frequency. In addition to simplicity, this method of Rabi spectroscopy enabled a long coherence time of about 2.5 micros, corresponding to an effective qubit quality factor approximately 7000.
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Comment on "New conditions for a total neutrino conversion in a medium". PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 85:3978. [PMID: 11041975 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.85.3978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Quasi Goldstone fermion as a sterile neutrino. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1996; 54:4654-4661. [PMID: 10021147 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.54.4654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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High-energy cosmic neutrinos and the equivalence principle. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1996; 54:3698-3705. [PMID: 10021047 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.54.3698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Neutrino spin-flip effects in collapsing stars. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1995; 51:6647-6662. [PMID: 10018428 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.51.6647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Persistent correlations in the motion of a Brownian particle interacting with a finite-size random environment. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 49:5859-5862. [PMID: 9961916 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.5859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Seesaw enhancement of lepton mixing. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1993; 48:3264-3270. [PMID: 10016583 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.3264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Neutrinos with mixing in twisting magnetic fields. PHYSICAL REVIEW. D, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 1993; 48:2167-2181. [PMID: 10016455 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.48.2167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Abstract
There is a strong prima facie case linking the abuse of psychiatry with difficulties about the concept of mental illness. However, a survey of recent Soviet literature showed that the concept of disease employed in the former USSR (where abuse was for a time widespread) was similar to its counterparts in the UK and USA in being strongly scientific in nature. A number of factors--legal, bureaucratic and professional--are important in abuse becoming widespread. These, however, fail to explain why psychiatry, rather than physical medicine, should be vulnerable to abuse. It is here that the concept of disease could be important. A scientific model of disease suggests that a significant vulnerability factor is the relatively underdeveloped status of psychiatry as a science. This leaves room for poor standards of scientific work in clinical research and practice, factors which are recognised as important in the Soviet case. In addition to the scientific element, there is an evaluative element of meaning in the concept of disease. Hence a second vulnerability factor could be the evaluatively problematic nature of judgements of mental illness. It is concluded that a failure to recognise this factor greatly increases the vulnerability of psychiatry, not only to gross abuses, but also to inadvertent misuses of involuntary treatment in everyday practice. This conclusion, far from undermining the role of science in psychiatry, is a step towards clarifying its proper role.
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Resonant amplification of ν oscillations in matter and solar-neutrino spectroscopy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02508049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1134] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Determination of retinoids in the livers of inbred mice by the method of high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharm Chem J 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00773085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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