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Alacreu-Crespo A, Innamorati M, Courtet P, Fiorillo A, Pompili M. Are visual analogue scales valid instruments to measure psychological pain in psychiatric patients? J Affect Disord 2024; 358:150-156. [PMID: 38705528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Psychological-Physical-Pain Visual Analogue Scale (PPP-VAS) was thought to probably help in identifying patients at risk of suicide. However, no data on its validity to measure psychological pain was available. Our main aim was to investigate the convergent validity of the PPP-VAS using two well-validated scales of psychological pain, the Orbach and Mikulincer Mental Pain scale (OMMP) and the Holden et al. Psychache Scale. METHODS This multicentre study recruited a total of 1618 adult psychiatric inpatients and outpatients in Italy. Psychological pain was evaluated using the OMMP, Holden et al., and PPP-VAS scales. Psychiatric status, suicidal status, physical pain, depression, and hopelessness were also assessed. RESULTS A structural equation model (SEM) using the items of psychological pain from the PPP-VAS showed that items loaded significantly on the psychological pain factor and showed good fit. Similarly, a second SEM model using the three scales of psychological pain showed acceptable fit and converged into a psychological pain construct. Correlations between the PPP-VAS and depression, hopelessness, and physical pain showed moderate correlations (r = 0.43 to r = 0.67). Finally, psychological pain evaluated with the PPP-VAS was significantly related with recent suicidal ideation in all patients (OR [95 % CI] = 1.07 [1.05, 1.09]) and recent suicide attempts in moderately to severely depressed patients, OR [95 % CI] = 1.01 [1.02, 1.03]. CONCLUSION The PPP-VAS showed good psychometric properties in evaluating psychological pain. The characteristics of the PPP-VAS makes this scale a great option for its use in clinical practice to detect patients at risk of suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.
| | - Marco Innamorati
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Philippe Courtet
- PSNREC, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Suicide Prevention Centre, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Sapieza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Costa R, Molins F, Abad-Tortosa D, SanMiguel N, Courtet P, Serrano MÁ. Do Decision-Making Styles Predict Vagal Control? The Role of Resting Heart Rate Variability. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:369. [PMID: 38785860 DOI: 10.3390/bs14050369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Decision-making styles are a habit-based propensity that drive behavior and affect daily life. Rational and intuitive decision-making styles have been associated with good mental health. However, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In the last decade, high basal levels of heart rate variability (HRV) have been proposed as an index of health and emotional control, and this could be one of the variables involved in the effects of decision making on health. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the capability of decision-making styles to predict resting HRV. A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 199 (119 women) young university students, and a resting ECG was recorded to extract frequency domain HRV variables. Subsequently, participants completed sociodemographic data and the General Decision-Making Style questionnaire (GDMS). Results showed that the intuitive style predicted high-frequency HRV, while the avoidant style predicted less low-frequency HRV. This study presents new data on the relationship between decision-making style and HRV, suggesting that the intuitive style has a cardioprotective effect, while the avoidant style is related to lower HRV, which has been associated with health vulnerability. In conclusion, this study contributes to the understanding of HRV and its potential as a biomarker for cognitive styles that may improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Raquel Costa
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Molins
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Diana Abad-Tortosa
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Noemí SanMiguel
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Universitat de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, University of Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
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Abascal-Peiró S, Alacreu-Crespo A, Peñuelas-Calvo I, López-Castromán J, Porras-Segovia A. Characteristics of Single vs. Multiple Suicide Attempters Among Adult Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2023; 25:769-791. [PMID: 37740850 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-023-01461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We aimed to examine the factors that differentiate single and multiple suicide attempters in adult population. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines to conduct this review and meta-analysis. The review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We carried out a systematic literature search in three databases to identify original studies that explored the differences between single and multiple suicide attempters among adult population. RECENT FINDINGS There might be meaningful differences between those individuals that attempt suicide once in their lifespan and those who make multiple attempts in terms of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. There are no previous meta-analysis addressing this topic in the adult population. A total of 75 studies were included in the review and 69 were included in the meta-analysis. Multiple attempters were more likely to present certain disorders such as mood and psychotic disorders, as well as personality or substance use disorders. Higher suicide ideation and suicide intent scores also characterized this group. Childhood trauma experiences, stressful life events, and higher rates of hopelessness were statistically significant in multiple attempters. Identifying the factors predicting multiple suicide attempts helps to delineate a high-risk suicidal profile that should be taken into account in the clinical and suicide prevention scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Abascal-Peiró
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Universidad of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Peñuelas-Calvo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge López-Castromán
- Department of Psychiatry, CNRS-INSERM, University of Montpellier, CHU Nîmes & IGF, Montpellier, France
| | - Alejandro Porras-Segovia
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK
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Ezquerra B, Alacreu-Crespo A, Peñuelas-Calvo I, Abascal-Peiró S, Jiménez-Muñoz L, Nicholls D, Baca-García E, Porras-Segovia A. Characteristics of single vs. multiple suicide attempters among adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023:10.1007/s00787-023-02260-2. [PMID: 37470845 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02260-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
There might be differential characteristics between those who have attempted suicide once in their lifetime (single attempters) and those who have attempted suicide two or more times (multiple attempters). We aimed to identify the factors that differentiate single and multiple attempters in child and adolescents. This study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and the review protocol was registered in PROSPERO. We conducted a systematic literature search in three databases to identify original studies exploring the characteristics of single attempters vs. multiple attempters among adolescents. We considered a wide range for the definition of adolescent, following most recent recommendations: 10-24 years. We carried out a meta-analysis. Fourteen studies were included in the systematic review and 13 in the meta-analysis with a total sample of with a total of 4286 participants. The factors statistically significantly associated with being a multiple attempter in the meta-analysis were: anxiety disorders, depression severity, alcohol abuse, substance abuse, aggressiveness, and hopelessness. Multiple attempters have a more severe clinical profile, with greater severity of symptoms. Knowledge of the risk factors associated with being a multiple attempter could help us to predict which patients are more likely to reattempt suicide and need further monitoring and a tailored treatment. Prevention programs tailored for the adolescent population, along with identification of early risk factors, could help to prevent suicidal behavior among this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berta Ezquerra
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, Universidad of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Peñuelas-Calvo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Sofía Abascal-Peiró
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Enrique Baca-García
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Legal Medicine, Psychiatry and Pathology, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Infanta Elena, Valdemoro, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Central de Villalba, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
- CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
- Université de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alejandro Porras-Segovia
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
- Division of Psychiatry, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Sanz-Gómez S, Alacreu-Crespo A, Fructuoso A, Perea-González MI, Guija JA, Giner L. Pandemics and Suicide Rates in Spain: From the Spanish Flu to COVID-19. J Clin Psychiatry 2023; 84. [PMID: 37074296 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.22m14601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine suicide rates in Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic and the influenza pandemic of 1918-1920. Methods: Data on deaths by cause for the periods 1910-1925 and 2016-2020 were obtained from the National Statistics Institute of Spain. Results: During the Spanish influenza pandemic, a peak of deaths in 1918 due to influenza, acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and other respiratory diseases coincided with an increase in suicides (from 5.9 in 1917 to 6.6 per 100,000 population in 1918). The pattern was repeated in the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020, with an increase in suicides from 7.8 in 2019 to 8.3 per 100,000 population in 2020. In both cases, the male:female suicide ratio was reduced in similar proportion, with a higher net increase in the number of suicides among males but a higher percentage increase among females. Conclusions: Albeit limited, there is evidence that the pandemics may have affected suicide rates. However, the effect was most likely due to precipitation of different diathesis-stressor factors in each setting, given the different historical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Sanz-Gómez
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Corresponding author: Sergio Sanz-Gómez, MSc, Departamento de Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Avda Sánchez Pizjuán S/N, 41009 Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Ana Fructuoso
- Grupo de Investigación en Neurociencia Clínica de Castilla y León (GINCYL), Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Julio Antonio Guija
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Forensic Psychiatry Service, Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Lucas Giner
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
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6
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Ducasse D, Alacreu-Crespo A, Lacourt L, Jung C, Hidalgo M, Brand-Arpon V, Courtet P, Olié E. Sexual orientation, gender: Where is the problem? Nowhere! Correct self-identification and minority stigma. Encephale 2022; 48:714-718. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Guillaume S, Richard-Devantoy S, Cazals A, Olié E, Courtet P. Clinical Dimensions Associated With Psychological Pain in Suicidal Patients: One-Year Follow-up Study. J Clin Psychiatry 2022; 83. [PMID: 35143124 DOI: 10.4088/jcp.21m14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Psychological pain is a transdiagnostic factor in mental health and a key clinical dimension to understand suicide in patients with mood disorders. However, less is known about the clinical characteristics that predict high psychological pain. The aim of this study was to fill this gap in a sample of patients with mood disorders. Methods: Inpatients admitted for a major depressive episode, according to DSM-IV criteria, from 2010 to 2017 were divided into 3 groups: 178 recent suicide attempters (within the last 7 days), 101 past suicide attempters (lifetime history of suicide attempt), and 93 nonattempters (no lifetime history of suicidal act). At inclusion, current psychopathology, medication, personality traits (impulsivity, anxiety, hopelessness), and childhood trauma were assessed. At inclusion and at 1-year follow-up, depressive symptomatology and current and maximal (within the 15 last days) psychological and physical pain were assessed. Results: At baseline, maximal psychological pain was higher in recent than in past suicide attempters (odds ratio [OR] = 1.18 [1.04-1.35]) and nonattempters (OR = 1.32 [1.16-1.50]). In the multivariate model, depression severity (OR = 1.11 [1.08-1.16]) and worst physical pain (OR = 2.53 [1.28-5.02]) predicted high psychological pain, whereas bipolar disorder (OR = 0.54 [0.29-0.98]) predicted low psychological pain. During the follow-up, the change in maximal psychological pain was predicted by changes in depressive symptomatology (β = 0.46, P < .001) and maximal physical pain (β = 0.42, P < .003). Finally, among depressive symptoms, guilt, lack of initiative, and loss of appetite better explained maximal psychological pain, both at inclusion and at 1 year (all P < .050). Conclusions: Psychological pain is associated with a recent suicidal act and depressive severity. Due to the strong link between psychological pain and physical pain, future studies should investigate whether psychotropic drugs with analgesic effects protect from psychological pain and therefore from suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Corresponding author: Adrián Alacreu-Crespo, PhD, Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Lapeyronie Hospital, IGF, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France, 371 Av. du Doyen Gaston Giraud, Montpellier, Occitanie, 34090, France
| | - Sebastien Guillaume
- Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Stephane Richard-Devantoy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, McGill University and Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aurelie Cazals
- Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Institute of Functional Genomics (IGF), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; and Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Trejo-Gabriel Y Galán JM, Alacreu-Crespo A, Cubo-Delgado E. Phases in the decision to request euthanasia and brain structures involved. Rev Neurol 2022; 74:61-65. [PMID: 35014021 DOI: 10.33588/rn.7402.2021416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Euthanasia laws do not mention as an obstacle brain diseases other than dementia that damage circuits involved in decision-making. DEVELOPMENT Narrative review of the stages of the decision to request euthanasia and the brain areas involved. The amygdala, the cingulate and insular cortex, and different parts of the prefrontal lobes are activated during decisions with similarities to that of requesting euthanasia. CONCLUSIONS When an injury or malfunction of any of the structures involved in making decisions is known, a specific evaluation should be made of the influence it may have on the competence of the patient to request euthanasia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Alacreu-Crespo
- Facultad Psicología, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España.,Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia.,Hospital Lapeyronie. CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia
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Sastre-Buades A, Alacreu-Crespo A, Courtet P, Baca-Garcia E, Barrigon ML. Decision-making in suicidal behavior: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:642-662. [PMID: 34619171 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Impaired decision-making (DM) is well-known in suicidal behavior (SB). We aimed to review the evidence on DM and its mediating factors in SB and perform a meta-analysis on DM assessed using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). We conducted a search on databases of papers published on DM and SB up to 2020: 46 studies were included in the systematic review, and 18 in the meta-analysis. For meta-analysis, we compared DM performance between suicide attempters (SAs) and patients (PCs) or healthy controls (HCs). The systematic review showed that SAs have greater difficulties in all DM domains. The meta-analysis found worse IGT performance among SAs in comparison with PCs and HCs. A meta-regression did not find differences for age, gender, psychiatric disorder, and clinical status. Our findings indicate that SAs exhibited deficits in DM under conditions of risk though not ambiguity. Worse DM was independent of age, gender, psychiatric disorder, and suggested that DM impairment could be considered a cognitive trait of suicidal vulnerability, a risk factor and an attribute of SAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Sastre-Buades
- Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Department of Neurology, Son Llatzer University Hospital, Palma, Spain.
| | - Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, France; IGF, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
| | - Enrique Baca-Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Fundación Jimenez Diaz Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Rey Juan Carlos University Hospital, Móstoles, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villalba, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Infanta Elena University Hospital, Valdemoro, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
| | - Maria Luisa Barrigon
- Department of Psychiatry, Fundación Jimenez Diaz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain; Fundación Jimenez Diaz Health Research Institute, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spain.
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Cazals A, Courtet P, Olié E. Brief Assessment of Psychological Pain to Predict Suicidal Events at One Year in Depressed Patients. Psychother Psychosom 2021; 89:320-323. [PMID: 32268339 DOI: 10.1159/000506957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France, .,PSNREC INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France, .,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France,
| | - Aurélie Cazals
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PSNREC INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PSNREC INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,PSNREC INSERM U1061, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
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11
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Giner L, Courtet P. Psychiatric patients are more vulnerable to the Spanish euthanasia law? Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment (Engl Ed) 2021; 14:S1888-9891(21)00020-3. [PMID: 33497858 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpsm.2021.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia; Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, España.
| | - Lucas Giner
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, España; Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, España
| | - Philippe Courtet
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, Francia
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12
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Rodgers RRF, Schaefer LM, Seneque M, Alacreu-Crespo A, Moreno-Padilla M, Courtet P, Thompson JK, Guillaume FLS. Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4: Psychometric properties among a French clinical eating disorder sample and normative comparisons. Eat Behav 2021; 40:101466. [PMID: 33450445 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2020.101466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although the Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire-4 (SATAQ-4) has been shown to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing appearance pressures and appearance ideal internalization among French college students, to date its psychometric properties among French clinical populations have not been examined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factor structure, reliability, and validity of the SATAQ-4 among a French female clinical eating disorder sample, and to compare the mean SATAQ-4 scores from this clinical sample to previously published means observed among French female college women. The current sample included 192 French women consecutively recruited from an outpatient eating disorders unit in France. Participants completed the SATAQ-4, as well as validated measures of body image and eating pathology. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the original 22-item five-factor solution provided less than adequate fit to the data. In contrast, the reduced 20-item five-factor solution identified among French college students provided a good fit to the data. The SATAQ-4 subscales generally exhibited moderate positive associations with convergent measures of body image and eating disturbance, consistent with expectations. Differences in SATAQ-4 subscale means across diagnostic groups were observed. In addition, the clinical group reported higher scores on the Internalization: Thin/Low Body Fat and Internalization: Muscular/Athletic subscales compared to a non-clinical French sample. Findings support the SATAQ-4 as a valuable tool for assessing sociocultural influences on body image and eating concerns among French women with eating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Rachel F Rodgers
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France.
| | - Lauren M Schaefer
- Sanford Center for Bio-behavioral Research, 120 Eighth Street South, Fargo, ND 58103, USA
| | - Maude Seneque
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France
| | - J Kevin Thompson
- Department of Psychology, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA
| | - F L Sebastien Guillaume
- Department of Psychiatric Emergency & Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHRU, Montpellier, France
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13
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Olié E, Le Bars E, Cyprien F, Deverdun J, Courtet P. Prefrontal activation in suicide attempters during decision making with emotional feedback. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:313. [PMID: 32948747 PMCID: PMC7501865 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotional feedback, such as faces showing emotions, can influence decision making. Decision making and emotional face processing, mainly mediated by the prefrontal and cingulate cortices, are impaired in suicide attempters. Here, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to study prefrontal activation in suicide attempters during a modified version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) that included emotional face feedback. We randomly distributed the 116 euthymic women (n = 45 suicide attempters, n = 41 affective controls with history of depression without suicide attempt, and n = 30 healthy controls) included in the study in three emotional IGT groups: concordant (safe and risky choices followed by happy and angry faces, respectively), discordant (safe and risky choices followed by angry and happy faces, respectively), and neutral condition (safe and risky choices followed by neutral faces). Considering the two IGT phases (ambiguous and risky), we then analyzed five regions of interest during the risky vs. safe choices: orbitofrontal (OFC), anterior cingulate (ACC), ventrolateral (VLPFC), medial (MPFC) and dorsal prefrontal (DPFC) cortices. We found: (1) impaired decision making and increased DPFC and OFC activation in suicide attempters vs. controls in the discordant condition during the risky phase; (2) reduced VLPFC activation in suicide attempters in the concordant condition during the ambiguous phase; and (3) decreased OFC, ACC and DPFC activation in both control groups in the concordant condition during the ambiguous phase. Suicide attempters showed prefrontal alterations during reward-learning decision making with emotional feedback. Suicide attempters may guide their decisions to avoid social negative feedback despite the expected outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France. .,PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.
| | - Emilie Olié
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Emmanuelle Le Bars
- grid.464046.40000 0004 0450 3123Department of Neuroradiology, Academic hospital of Montpellier & U1051, Institut of Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,I2FH, Institut d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Fabienne Cyprien
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérémy Deverdun
- I2FH, Institut d’Imagerie Fonctionnelle Humaine, Montpellier University Hospital, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- grid.157868.50000 0000 9961 060XDepartment of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France ,PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Guillaume S, Sénèque M, Olié E, Courtet P. Cognitive modelling to assess decision-making impairments in patients with current depression and with/without suicide history. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 36:50-59. [PMID: 32456851 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that decision making is impaired in suicide attempters. Decision making is a complex process and little is known about its different components. Yet, this information would help to understand the functioning of suicidal minds. In this study, the Prospect Valence-Learning (PVL) computational model was applied to the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to investigate and compare decision-making components in patients with affective disorder and with/without history of suicide attempts and in healthy controls. To this aim, 116 inpatients with current major depressive episode (among whom 62 suicide attempters) and 38 healthy controls were recruited. Decision-making performance was measured using the IGT. The Bayesian computational PVL model was applied to compare the feedback sensitivity, loss aversion, learning/memory, and choice consistency components of decision making in the different groups. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory short form (BDI-SF). The total IGT net score and the loss aversion and learning/memory scores were lower in suicide attempters than in healthy controls. The choice consistency score was low in all patients (with/without suicide history) compared with healthy controls. Moreover, patients with high BDI score showed a positive relationship between the choice consistency score and suicide attempt. These findings suggest that decision-making impairment in depressed patients with and without suicidal history might be the result of underlying problems in feedback processing and task learning, which influence the building of long-term strategies. All these impairments should be targeted in therapeutic strategies for suicidal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Alacreu-Crespo
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France.
| | - S Guillaume
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - M Sénèque
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - E Olié
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - P Courtet
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France; FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
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15
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Núñez D, Ulloa JL, Guillaume S, Olié E, Alacreu-Crespo A, Courtet P. Suicidal ideation and affect lability in single and multiple suicidal attempters with Major Depressive Disorder: An exploratory network analysis. J Affect Disord 2020; 272:371-379. [PMID: 32553380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A better understanding of the specific contribution of risk factors to suicidal behavior could arise from analyzing suicidal ideation (SI) in clinical samples, and comparing single versus multiple suicide attempters through contemporary methods allowing complex and dynamical analyses of multiple and simultaneously interacting suicide risk factors. METHOD We explored associations among suicidal ideation (SI), affect lability and other suicide risk factors in 323 suicidal attempters diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). We analyzed the network structure and centrality of the total sample, and compared single versus multiple attempters and subjects with low and high suicidal ideation. RESULTS SI was connected with anxiety (trait) and hopelessness. Central nodes for global and specific groups were affect lability (from anxiety to depression), anxiety as a trait, and harm avoidance. We observed some specific differences between clinical profiles of repeaters and non-repeaters and significant network density between high and low SI. LIMITATIONS Because our cross-sectional design, we cannot establish casual relationships among variables. We only examined associations at group level but not at single subject level. CONCLUSIONS Affect lability (mainly the shifts from anxiety to depression) and trait anxiety were central in each estimated network. These symptoms might be suitable targets for early detecting and treating suicidal patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Núñez
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Chile.; Millennium Nucleus to Improve the Mental Health of Adolescents and Youths, Imhay.
| | - J L Ulloa
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad de Talca, Chile
| | - S Guillaume
- Département d'Urgences & Post Urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
| | - E Olié
- Département d'Urgences & Post Urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
| | - A Alacreu-Crespo
- Département d'Urgences & Post Urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
| | - P Courtet
- Département d'Urgences & Post Urgence Psychiatrique, CHU Montpellier, University of Montpellier, France
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16
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Olié E, Seneque M, Béziat S, Guillaume S, Costa R, Courtet P. Decision-Making Skills Moderate the Relationship between Psychological and Physical Pain with Suicidal Behavior in Depressed Patients. Psychother Psychosom 2020; 88:190-191. [PMID: 30763941 DOI: 10.1159/000496572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France, .,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France,
| | - Emilie Olié
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Maude Seneque
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Séverine Béziat
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sébastien Guillaume
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Raquel Costa
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Philippe Courtet
- Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Post-Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, INSERM, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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17
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Olié E, Guillaume S, Girod C, Cazals A, Chaudieu I, Courtet P. Dexamethasone Suppression Test May Predict More Severe/Violent Suicidal Behavior. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:97. [PMID: 32194449 PMCID: PMC7065044 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies demonstrated that the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is dysregulated in suicide attempters. Prospective studies found that people with an abnormal response at the dexamethasone suppression test (DST) are more likely to commit suicide. However, whether DST may predict suicide attempts remains less clear. A possible strategy to address this question is to consider the suicide attempt lethality. OBJECTIVES (1) To compare the pre- and post-DST cortisol levels in serious/violent suicide attempters and in non-serious/non-violent suicide attempters, and (2) to investigate whether cortisol level can predict new suicide attempts or their lethality. METHODS The study included 70 recent suicide attempters (25 with a serious or violent attempt) who were followed for two years. Three saliva samples for cortisol measurement were obtained at 8a.m., 3p.m., and 9p.m. before the DST (pre-DST). Then, at 11 p.m., 1 mg of dexamethasone was given orally. The following day (post-DST), three saliva samples were collected at the same hours as before. The post-DST-pre-DST salivary cortisol Δ index was calculated for each collection time. The Risk-Rescue Ratio Scale (RRRS) and the Suicidal Intent Scale (SIS) were used to characterize the suicide attempt at inclusion and those occurring during the follow-up. RESULTS Post-DST cortisol level at 9 p.m. was higher in patients with an initial violent or serious suicide attempt than in non-violent/non-serious attempters (p < .010). Higher post-DST cortisol at 9p.m. was associated with lower RRRS rescue score and higher clinical impression of suicide severity at inclusion. Among the 66 patients who completed the follow-up, 26 attempted suicide again at least once. Higher pre-DST cortisol at 8a.m. predicted new suicide attempts during the follow-up (OR = 2.15 [1.11, 4.15]), and higher cortisol Δ index at 9p.m. was associated with higher suicide intent during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that HPA axis hyper-reactivity monitored with the DST is a marker of violent/serious suicide attempt with lower rescue possibility. Furthermore, higher changes between pre-DST and post-DST cortisol levels may predict higher suicide intent. These findings might help to characterize the biological features of nearest suicide phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Sebastien Guillaume
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Chloé Girod
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Aurélie Cazals
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Isabelle Chaudieu
- Univ. Montpellier, Inserm, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- PSNREC, Univ. Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
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18
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Ferrer I, Alacreu-Crespo A, Salvador A, Genty C, Dubois J, Sénèque M, Courtet P, Olié E. I Cannot Read Your Eye Expression: Suicide Attempters Have Difficulties in Interpreting Complex Social Emotions. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:543889. [PMID: 33240116 PMCID: PMC7683427 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.543889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The ability to differentiate emotions in social contexts is important for dealing with challenging social situations. Suicide attempters show some difficulties in emotion recognition that may result in hypersensitivity to social stress. However, other studies on the recognition of social complex emotions found that suicide attempters have similar performances as depressed non-attempters. Objectives: To investigate differences in social emotion recognition in patients with current Major Depressive Episode (MDE) with and without history of suicide attempt. Methods: Two hundred and ten patients with MDE were recruited among whom 115 had lifetime history of suicide attempt (suicide attempters, SA) and 95 did not (affective controls, AC). Recognition of complex social emotions was assessed using the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET). Emotions were separated in three valence categories: positive, negative, and neutral. Verbal intelligence quotient (IQ) and attention were measured with the National Adult Reading Task (NART) and the d2 test, respectively. Results: Mixed logistic regression models adjusted for sex, lifetime bipolar disorder, verbal IQ and attention showed that the RMET performance for neutral emotions was worse in the SA than AC group (OR = 0.87 [0.75, 0.99]). Furthermore, when violent/serious SA were compared to non-violent/non-serious SA and AC, the RMET neutral valence category showed a trend for group factor (p < 0.059) and RMET scores were lower in the violent/serious SA than AC group (OR = 0.79 [0.64, 0.96]). Conclusion: Recognition of neutral emotions is poor in SA and this may complicate their daily life. Interventions to improve the understanding of complex emotions may be helpful to prevent suicidal risk in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Ferrer
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Psychobiology-IDOCAL, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Catherine Genty
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Jonathan Dubois
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Maude Sénèque
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Philippe Courtet
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
| | - Emilie Olié
- PSNREC, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, Lapeyronie Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,FondaMental Foundation, Créteil, France
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19
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Peñarroja V, Hidalgo V, Martínez-Tur V, Salvador A, Serrano MÁ. Sex differences in the psychophysiological response to an intergroup conflict. Biol Psychol 2019; 149:107780. [PMID: 31605726 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conflict induces psychophysiological responses, but less is known about responses to intergroup conflict. Intergroup relationships activate social processes, adding complexity to people's physiological responses. This study analyzes the psychophysiological responses to intergroup conflict considering sex differences. Thus, 150 young people were distributed in 50 groups in two conditions (conflict vs. non-conflict). Conflict was created in the interaction between two groups (three people each) in the laboratory. Their responses were compared to a control group. Mood, heart rate variability, cortisol, and testosterone were measured. Results showed that intergroup conflict induced a less pronounced decrease in negative and positive mood, and a reduction in parasympathetic activity (RMSSD of IBI). Moreover, women in conflict showed lower testosterone levels than men in conflict and control women. Finally, women's conflict perception correlated with their psychophysiological response. Results suggest that intergroup conflict induces emotional, cardiovascular, and endocrine responses, and that men and women interpret conflict differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Alacreu-Crespo
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibañez, 21, Valencia, 46010, Spain; Department of Emergency Psychiatry and Acute Care, CHU Montpellier, INSERM Unit 1061, Neuropsychiatry, Epidemiological and Clinical Research, Montpellier, France
| | - Vicente Peñarroja
- Faculty of Economics and Business. Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (UOC), Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Area of Psychobiology, University of Zaragoza, Aragon Health Research Institute, Aragon, Teruel, Spain; Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel-Ángel Serrano
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibañez, 21, Valencia, 46010, Spain.
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Alacreu-Crespo A, Costa R, Abad-Tortosa D, Salvador A, Serrano MÁ. Good decision-making is associated with an adaptive cardiovascular response to social competitive stress. Stress 2018; 21:528-537. [PMID: 29932804 DOI: 10.1080/10253890.2018.1483329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Competition elicits different psychological and cardiovascular responses depending on a person's skills. Decision-making has been considered a distal factor that influences competition, but there are no studies analyzing this relationship. Our objective was to analyze whether decision-making affects the response to competition. Specifically, we aimed to test whether good performers on a decision-making test, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), showed an adaptive cardiovascular response to competition. In all, 116 participants (44 women) performed the IGT and were classified into Good or Poor decision-makers. Subsequently, they were exposed to a stress task in two different conditions: a face-to-face competition (winners/losers) or a control condition, while an electrocardiogram was recorded. In the competition group, good decision-makers increased their high-frequency respect to the total heart rate variability (HF/HRV) levels during the task, compared to Poor decision-makers. Again, competition group good decision-makers, showed lower LF and higher HF/HRV reactivity than the control group, which represents lower HRV stress pattern. Moreover, in the group of losers, good decision-makers had a decline in low frequency (LF) during the task and faster recovery than poor decision-makers. In conclusion, good decision-makers have a more adaptive stress response and higher levels of mental effort, based on total HRV interpretation. Decision-making skills could be a factor in a more adaptive cardiovascular response to competition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Costa
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Cognitive Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Peñarroja V, Serrano MA, Gracia E, Alacreu-Crespo A, González P, Martínez-Tur V. Rational-experiential thinking style and rational intergroup cooperation: the moderating role of intergroup conflict / Estilos de pensamiento racional-experiencial y la cooperación intergrupal racional: el rol modulador del conflicto intergrupal. Revista de Psicología Social 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2016.1248028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Martínez-Tur V, Peñarroja V, Serrano MA, Hidalgo V, Moliner C, Salvador A, Alacreu-Crespo A, Gracia E, Molina A. Intergroup conflict and rational decision making. PLoS One 2014; 9:e114013. [PMID: 25461384 PMCID: PMC4252077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature has been relatively silent about post-conflict processes. However, understanding the way humans deal with post-conflict situations is a challenge in our societies. With this in mind, we focus the present study on the rationality of cooperative decision making after an intergroup conflict, i.e., the extent to which groups take advantage of post-conflict situations to obtain benefits from collaborating with the other group involved in the conflict. Based on dual-process theories of thinking and affect heuristic, we propose that intergroup conflict hinders the rationality of cooperative decision making. We also hypothesize that this rationality improves when groups are involved in an in-group deliberative discussion. Results of a laboratory experiment support the idea that intergroup conflict –associated with indicators of the activation of negative feelings (negative affect state and heart rate)– has a negative effect on the aforementioned rationality over time and on both group and individual decision making. Although intergroup conflict leads to sub-optimal decision making, rationality improves when groups and individuals subjected to intergroup conflict make decisions after an in-group deliberative discussion. Additionally, the increased rationality of the group decision making after the deliberative discussion is transferred to subsequent individual decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel A. Serrano
- Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology and IDOCAL, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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