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Fernández H, Zon MA, Maccio SA, Alaníz RD, Di Tocco A, Carrillo Palomino RA, Cabas Rodríguez JA, Granero AM, Arévalo FJ, Robledo SN, Pierini GD. Multivariate Optimization of Electrochemical Biosensors for the Determination of Compounds Related to Food Safety-A Review. Biosensors (Basel) 2023; 13:694. [PMID: 37504093 PMCID: PMC10377565 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
We summarize the application of multivariate optimization for the construction of electrochemical biosensors. The introduction provides an overview of electrochemical biosensing, which is classified into catalytic-based and affinity-based biosensors, and discusses the most recent published works in each category. We then explore the relevance of electrochemical biosensors for food safety analysis, taking into account analytes of different natures. Then, we describe the chemometrics tools used in the construction of electrochemical sensors/biosensors and provide examples from the literature. Finally, we carefully discuss the construction of electrochemical biosensors based on design of experiments, including the advantages, disadvantages, and future perspectives of using multivariate optimization in this field. The discussion section offers a comprehensive analysis of these topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Fernández
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - María Alicia Zon
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Antonella Maccio
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Rubén Darío Alaníz
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Aylen Di Tocco
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Roodney Alberto Carrillo Palomino
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Jose Alberto Cabas Rodríguez
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Adrian Marcelo Granero
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Fernando J Arévalo
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Noel Robledo
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
- Departamento de Tecnología Química (IDAS), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
| | - Gastón Darío Pierini
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud UNRC-CONICET (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Río Cuarto 5800, Argentina
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Blandon-Naranjo L, Alaniz RD, Zon MA, Fernández H, Marcelo Granero A, Robledo SN, Pierini GD. Development of a voltammetric electronic tongue for the simultaneous determination of synthetic antioxidants in edible olive oils. Talanta 2022; 261:124123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Lopez JC, Zon MA, Fernández H, Granero AM. Development of an enzymatic biosensor to determine eugenol in dental samples. Talanta 2020; 210:120647. [PMID: 31987210 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A GCE/CRGO-βCD's/ADA-SPE/AuNPs biosensor was successfully developed to determine eugenol in dental samples. The optimal conditions to construct the biosensor were obtained from an experimental design based on the response surfaces methodology. The GCE/CRGO-βCD/ADA-SPE/AuNPs biosensor exhibited a very good analytical performance for the quantification of eugenol. Thus, it shows a linear range between 1.3 × 10-8 and 1 × 10-5 mol L-1, with a sensitivity of (5.3 ± 0.3) x 10-3 A mol-1 L. The limits of detection and quantification were 4 × 10-9 mol L-1 and 1.3 × 10-8 mol L-1, respectively. Biosensors had an intraday and inter day reproducibility of 5% and 8%, respectively. The repeatability was of 3%, and the stability was 21 days (a decrease of 30% in current responses was observed after the fourth week). Recovery studies were performed in order to validate the proposed method. Recovery percentages were between 94 and 108%. A value of the apparent Michaellis-Menten constant, KMapp, of 3.1 × 10-6 mol L-1 was obtained using both Lineweaver-Burk and Eadi-Hofstee methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Claudia Lopez
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N(o) 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - María Alicia Zon
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N(o) 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Héctor Fernández
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N(o) 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Adrian Marcelo Granero
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Instituto para el Desarrollo Agroindustrial y de la Salud (IDAS), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N(o) 3, 5800, Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Díaz Nieto CH, Granero AM, Garcia D, Nesci A, Barros G, Zon MA, Fernández H. Development of a third-generation biosensor to determine sterigmatocystin mycotoxin: An early warning system to detect aflatoxin B 1. Talanta 2019; 194:253-258. [PMID: 30609527 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A third-generation enzymatic biosensor was developed to quantify sterigmatocystin (STEH). It was based on a glassy carbon electrode modified with a composite of the soybean peroxidase enzyme (SPE) and chemically reduced graphene oxide. The optimal conditions to construct the biosensor were obtained through an experimental design based on the response surfaces methodology. The experiments were performed in 0.1 mol L-1 phosphate buffer solution, pH 5. Amperometric measurements were carried out at - 0.09 V vs Ag/AgCl (3 mol L-1 NaCl). The biosensor showed a lineal response in the concentration range from 6.9 × 10-9 to 5.0 × 10-7 mol L-1. The limit of detection was 2.3 × 10-9 mol L-1 for a signal: noise ratio of 3: 1. Values of the apparent Michaellis-Menten constant, KMapp, obtained by using both Lineweaver-Burk and Eadi-Hofstee methods were (1.5 ± 0.2) × 10-6 and (1.2 ± 0.2) × 10-6 mol L-1, respectively. STEH was analyzed in corn samples spiked with STEH, with an average recovery of 96.5%. The biosensor was also used to determine STEH in corn samples inoculated with the Aspergillus flavus fungus, which is an aflatoxins producer. Considering that STEH is a precursor of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in its biological transformation, its decrease over time was related to the production of AFB1. The STEH concentration determined using the biosensor was in very good agreement with that determined by HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Díaz Nieto
- Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Materiales Avanzados y Almacenamiento de Energía de Jujuy-CIDMEJu (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Jujuy), Centro de Desarrollo Tecnológico General Manuel Savio, Palpalá 4612 Jujuy, Argentina.
| | - A M Granero
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - D Garcia
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - A Nesci
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - G Barros
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - M A Zon
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - H Fernández
- Departamento de Química, Grupo GEANA, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal No 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Lopez JC, Zon MA, Fernández H, Granero AM, Robledo SN. Determination of kinetic parameters of the enzymatic reaction between soybean peroxidase and natural antioxidants using chemometric tools. Food Chem 2019; 275:161-168. [PMID: 30724183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.08.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of eugenol, isoeugenol and vanillin natural antioxidants catalyzed by the soybean peroxidase enzyme was studied using uv-vis spectroscopy. An experimental design was used to optimize the different variables. The multivariate curve resolution method was used to obtain the profiles of antioxidant absorbance's as a function of time due to uv-vis absorption bands of both antioxidants and the enzymatic reaction product/s show a strong overlap. From these results, apparent Michaelis-Menten constants as well as the kinetic parameters k1 and k3 involved in the catalytic cycle of peroxidases were calculated. The antioxidant apparent acidity constants were also determined at different pH's from uv-vis spectrophotometric measurements. Values of k1 were (0.6 ± 0.1) × 105 M-1 s-1, (2.0 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 s-1 and (7.0 ± 0.5) × 106 M-1 s-1 and k3 (4.0 ± 0.2) × 105 M-1 s-1, (6.0 ± 0.6) × 105 M-1 s-1 and (6.0 ± 0.9) × 106 M-1 s-1 for eugenol, isoeugenol and vanillin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Claudia Lopez
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - María Alicia Zon
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Héctor Fernández
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Adrian Marcelo Granero
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
| | - Sebastián Noel Robledo
- Grupo de Electroanalítica (GEANA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físico-Químicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina; Departamento de Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N° 3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Argentina.
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Díaz Nieto CH, Granero AM, Zon MA, Fernández H. Sterigmatocystin: A mycotoxin to be seriously considered. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 118:460-470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Pierini GD, Robledo SN, Zon MA, Di Nezio MS, Granero AM, Fernández H. Development of an electroanalytical method to control quality in fish samples based on an edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode. Simultaneous determination of hypoxanthine, xanthine and uric acid. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Robledo SN, López JC, Granero AM, Zensich MA, Morales GM, Fernández H, Zon MA. Characterization of the surface redox process of caffeic acid adsorbed at glassy carbon electrodes modified with partially reduced graphene oxide. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nieto CHD, Granero AM, Zon MA, Fernández H. Novel electrochemical properties of an emergent mycotoxin: sterigmatocystin. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tesio AY, Granero AM, Fernández H, Zón MA. Characterization of the surface redox process of adsorbed morin at glassy carbon electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Granero AM, Fernández H, Agostini E, Zón MA. An amperometric biosensor based on peroxidases from Brassica napus for the determination of the total polyphenolic content in wine and tea samples. Talanta 2010; 83:249-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Revised: 09/10/2010] [Accepted: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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