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Martin Ginis KA, Sinden AR, Bonaccio S, Labbé D, Guertin C, Gellatly IR, Koch L, Ben Mortenson W, Routhier F, Basham CA, Jetha A, Miller WC. Experiential Aspects of Participation in Employment and Mobility for Adults With Physical Disabilities: Testing Cross-Sectional Models of Contextual Influences and Well-Being Outcomes. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:303-313. [PMID: 37607656 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To use structural equation modeling to test research- and theory-informed models of potential predictors and outcomes of subjective experiences of employment and mobility participation in a national sample of people with physical disabilities. DESIGN Cross-sectional survey. SETTING Canada. PARTICIPANTS English or French-speaking adults with a physical impairment affecting mobility and restricting activities or participation, and who participated in employment (n=457) or mobility (n=711) life domains. INTERVENTIONS N/A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants completed standardized measures of perceived health, and employment-specific and/or mobility-specific measures of perceived abilities, social support, accessibility and policies (predictor variables); the Measure of Experiential Aspects of Participation (MeEAP) in employment and/or mobility; and standardized measures of emotional well-being, social well-being and life satisfaction (outcome variables). RESULTS Analyses using structural equation modeling showed that in both employment and mobility domains, perceived health, abilities, social support, and accessibility were positively related to experiential aspects of participation. Participation experiences were positively related to social well-being, emotional well-being, and life satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Results support and extend current theorizing on participation experiences among adults with physical disabilities. Intrapersonal and environmental factors may play a role in optimizing participation experiences in employment and mobility which, in turn, may lead to better well-being and life satisfaction. These results emphasize the importance of conceptualizing participation from an experiential perspective and provide a basis for advancing theory and practice to understand and improve the participation experiences and well-being of adults living with physical disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, Kelowna, Canada; School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Adrienne R Sinden
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Silvia Bonaccio
- Telfer School of Management, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Delphine Labbé
- Disability and Human Development Department, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL
| | - Camille Guertin
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada
| | - Ian R Gellatly
- Department of Strategy, Entrepreneurship, and Management, Alberta School of Business, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Laura Koch
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - W Ben Mortenson
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - François Routhier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration, Quebec, Canada; Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Andrew Basham
- School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Arif Jetha
- Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - William C Miller
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Martin Ginis KA, Gee CM, Sinden AR, Tomasone JR, Latimer-Cheung AE. Relationships between sport and exercise participation and subjective well-being among adults with physical disabilities: Is participation quality more important than participation quantity? Psychol Sport Exerc 2024; 70:102535. [PMID: 37696314 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2023.102535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Sport and exercise participation are associated with small, albeit positive changes in subjective well-being (SWB). Recent theorizing has emphasized the importance of distinguishing between performance aspects (i.e., frequency, intensity, time engaged) and the experiential aspects of sport and exercise participation among people with disabilities. This study assessed the relative contributions of time spent participating in sport and exercise (a performance measure) versus measures of participation experiences, in explaining variance in SWB. Participants were 535 adults with physical disabilities, recruited through a nation-wide survey, who participated in sport (n = 271; 62% male; 44 ± 14 years) or exercise (n = 264; 42% male; 57 ± 14 years). They completed measures of minutes/week of sport or exercise participation, experiential aspects of participation, and SWB (overall life satisfaction, satisfaction with physical, psychological and social life-domains, and positive/negative affect). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses showed minutes/week of sport did not explain significant variance in any SWB measure, but sport participation experiences explained significant variance (9.2%-20.9%) in all SWB measures (p < 0.05). Similarly, minutes/week of exercise explained significant variance only in physical life-domain satisfaction (ΔR2 = 2.6%, p = 0.026), but exercise participation experiences explained significant variance (4.8%-10.7%) in all SWB measures (p < 0.05). Experiences of belonging and mastery were particularly strong, consistent predictors across SWB outcomes. These results suggest participation experiences better explain relationships between sport and exercise participation and SWB than time spent performing sport and exercise. Findings have implications for designing future studies to test the effects of sport and exercise on SWB, and developing theories and interventions to explain and maximize the use of sport and exercise to improve SWB in adults with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention and Management, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada; School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada; International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Cameron M Gee
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Department of Orthopaedics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Adrienne R Sinden
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada.
| | - Jennifer R Tomasone
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Amy E Latimer-Cheung
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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Jetha A, Shaw R, Sinden AR, Mahood Q, Gignac MA, McColl MA, Martin Ginis KA. Work-focused interventions that promote the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions: a systematic review. Occup Environ Med 2019; 76:189-198. [PMID: 30635432 PMCID: PMC6581100 DOI: 10.1136/oemed-2018-105454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Objective Young adulthood is an important transitional life phase where careers are established. Young adults with chronic disabling health conditions are underrepresented in the labour market. Our study aims to examine the effectiveness of work-focused interventions that support the labour market transition of young adults with chronic disabling health conditions; and to examine whether the effectiveness of work-focused interventions differ across work transition phase (eg, preparation, entry and sustaining work, employment advancement) and disability type. Methods A systematic review of articles published between January 1990 and July 2018 was conducted. Medline, EMBASE and PsycInfo were searched, and titles/abstracts and full texts of articles were reviewed for eligibility. Relevant articles were appraised for methodological quality. A best evidence synthesis was applied to medium-quality/high-quality studies to develop recommendations. Results 5816 articles were identified; 10 articles were relevant and of moderate–high methodological quality. Six intervention categories were identified which focused on young adults with mental health or intellectual/learning disabilities (n=3) and addressed employment preparation (n=10) and/or work entry (n=9). No interventions addressed at-work issues or career advancement. Strong evidence existed for tailored supported employment (SE) interventions having a positive impact on preparation and entry into competitive employment. Also, moderate evidence existed for the positive impact of SE on preparation and entry into competitive employment for young adults with mental health conditions. Conclusions Tailored SE is recommended to foster preparation and entry into the labour market. Evidence-based interventions are needed to facilitate sustained work and career advancement of young adults living with different disabling health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Jetha
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Shaw
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Quenby Mahood
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Monique Am Gignac
- Institute for Work and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mary Ann McColl
- School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen A Martin Ginis
- School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
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