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Dapari R, Muniandy K, Fattah Azman AZ, Abu Bakar S, Mohd Desa MN, Hwa LC, Singh Sandhu S, Mustapha NF, Mohd Rosli N, Ahmad Zamzuri M‘AI, Hassan MR, Che Dom N, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Singh Gill B, Ab Hamid N. Effectiveness of the Integrated Dengue Education and Learning (iDEAL) module in improving the knowledge, attitude, practice, environmental cleanliness index, and dengue index among schoolchildren: A randomised controlled trial protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302736. [PMID: 38687755 PMCID: PMC11060578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dengue is a mosquito-borne disease caused by four distinct, closely related dengue viruses (DENV). Global dengue incidence has markedly increased in the past decades. The World Health Organization reported that cases increased from 505,430 in 2000 to 5.2 million in 2019. Similarly, the total dengue cases in Malaysia increased from 7,103 in 2000 to a peak of 130,101 in 2019. Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) remain the most effective dengue prevention and control tools. Furthermore, school-based health education is key to enhancing knowledge and raising awareness of the seriousness of dengue among schoolchildren and transferring knowledge and practice from classrooms to homes. Thus, it is necessary to plan an integrated module for the primary prevention of dengue infection, specifically among schoolchildren. AIMS The present study intends to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based integrated dengue education and learning (iDEAL) module in improving the KAP, environmental cleanliness index, and dengue index among schoolchildren in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. METHODS This study is a single-blinded, cluster randomised controlled trial to be conducted from 1 September 2023 to 31 August 2025. The study will involve 20 primary and 20 secondary schools in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur. The 1600 participants will be randomly allocated to intervention and control groups based on selected clusters to avoid contamination. A cluster is a comparable school that fulfils the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The intervention group will receive the iDEAL module, while the control group will receive standard education. The iDEAL module will be developed following a systematic procedure and delivered in-person by trained researchers to the participants. The outcome will be measured using validated, self-administered questionnaires at baseline (T0), immediately (T1), one month (T2), and three months (T3) post-intervention to measure the intervention module effectiveness. The data will be analysed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 28 and descriptive and inferential statistics. Within-group changes over time will be compared using one-way repeated measure analysis of variance for continuous and normally distributed variables. Within-group analysis of categorical data will use Cochran's Q test. The main effect and interaction between and within the intervention and control groups at T0, T1, T2, and T3 will be tested using the generalised linear mixed model (GLMM). Hypothetically, the KAP, environmental cleanliness index, and dengue index among the intervention group will be significantly improved compared to the control group. The hypothesis will be tested using a significance level with a p-value of 0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%. CONCLUSIONS The study protocol outlines developing and testing an iDEAL module for schoolchildren in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, with no socio-demographic differences expected. The intervention aims to improve KAP, environmental cleanliness index, and dengue index, potentially reducing dengue risk. Results could inform public health policies, emphasizing school-based interventions' importance in combating diseases like dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmat Dapari
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Kalaivani Muniandy
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | | | - Suhaili Abu Bakar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Nasir Mohd Desa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Lim Chee Hwa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Sukhvinder Singh Sandhu
- Selangor State Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Norazman Mohd Rosli
- Kuala Lumpur and Putrajaya Health Department, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohd Rohaizat Hassan
- Department of Community Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Malaysia
| | - Nazri Che Dom
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Bandar Puncak Alam, Malaysia
| | | | - Balvinder Singh Gill
- Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurulhusna Ab Hamid
- Medical Entomology Unit, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
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Sherif Y, Fattah Azman AZ, Said SM, Siddiqah Alimuddin A, Awang H, Mohammadzadeh M. Effect of online intervention based on life skills for mental health, self-efficacy and coping skills among Arab adolescents in the Klang Valley, Malaysia: A cluster randomised controlled trial protocol. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298627. [PMID: 38394185 PMCID: PMC10889627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migrant children and adolescents face a significantly increased risk of mental health issues. Focusing on this population's mental health issues is fundamental and requires more attention to detect and reduce these burdens in adulthood. Nevertheless, life skills intervention can improve mental health. Its effects on Arab migrant adolescents have not been tested. Here, an evaluation protocol of the effect of an online life skills-based intervention for improving depression, anxiety, stress, self-efficacy, and coping skills among Arab adolescents in Malaysia will be examined. MATERIAL AND METHODS This cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) will involve 207 Arab students (14-18 years old) from 12 Arabic schools in the Klang Valley. The schools will be assigned randomly to an intervention (online life skills programme) or control group at a 1:1 ratio. The researcher will deliver eight one-hour sessions to the intervention group weekly. The control group will receive the intervention at the evaluation end. Both groups will complete assessments at baseline, and immediately and three months after the intervention. The primary outcome is anxiety, depression, and stress [Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21)]. The secondary outcomes are self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale) and coping skills (Brief COPE Inventory). Data analysis will involve the Generalised Estimation Equation with a 95% confidence interval. P < .05 will indicate significant inter- and intra-group differences. DISCUSSION This will be the first cluster RCT of an online life skills education programme involving Arab adolescent migrants in Malaysia. The results could support programme effectiveness for improving the participants' mental health problems (depression, anxiety, stress), increasing their self-efficacy, and enhancing their coping skills. The evidence could transform approaches for ameliorating migrant children and adolescents' mental well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study is registered with the Clinical Trial Registry (Identifier: NCT05370443).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Sherif
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Salmiah Md Said
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aishah Siddiqah Alimuddin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidin Awang
- Psychiatry Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia (USIM), Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Marjan Mohammadzadeh
- Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Mohamad Fisal ZA, Abdul Manaf R, Fattah Azman AZ, Karpal Singh GK. Biopsychosocial approach to understanding predictors of depressive symptoms among men who have sex with men living with HIV in Selangor, Malaysia: A mixed methods study protocol. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286816. [PMID: 37267403 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder reported among patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), resulting from the intricate combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Biopsychosocial factors can significantly impact the psychological well-being of men who have sex with men (MSM) living with HIV through social stigma, access and compliance to care, economic insecurity, relationship difficulties, and risky behavior. Compared to MSM without HIV, MSM living with HIV were more likely to be depressed. Despite specific vulnerabilities and health needs, MSM living with HIV remain understudied and underserved in Malaysia owing to legal, ethical, and social challenges. OBJECTIVE This is merely a published protocol, not the findings of a future study. This study aims to determine and explain the predictors of depressive symptoms among MSM living with HIV. Specifically, this study wants to determine the association between depressive symptoms among MSM living with HIV and biological, psychosocial, and social factors. Finally, the mixed methods will answer to what extent the qualitative results confirm the quantitative results of the predictors of depressive symptoms among MSM living with HIV. METHODS The study has ethical approval from the Medical Research Ethics Committee (MREC) of the Ministry of Health (MOH) NMRR ID-21-02210-MIT. This study will apply an explanatory sequential mixed methods study design. It comprised two distinct phases: quantitative and qualitative study design for answering the research questions and hypothesis. This study will randomly recruit 941 MSM living with HIV in the quantitative phase, and at least 20 MSM living with HIV purposively will be selected in the qualitative phase. The study will be conducted in ten public Primary Care Clinics in Selangor, Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire will gather the MSM's background and social, psychological, and biological factors that could be associated with depressive symptoms. For the quantitative study, descriptive analysis and simple logistic regression will be used for data analysis. Then, variables with a P value < 0.25 will be included in multiple logistic regression to measure the predictors of depressive symptoms. In the qualitative data collection, in-depth interviews will be conducted among those with moderate to severe depressive symptoms from the quantitative phase. The thematic analysis will be used for data analysis in the qualitative phase. Integration occurs at study design, method level, and later during interpretation and report writing. RESULT The quantitative phase was conducted between March 2022 to February 2023, while qualitative data collection is from March 2023 to April 2023, with baseline results anticipated in June 2023. CONCLUSION In combination, qualitative and quantitative research provides a better understanding of depressive symptoms among MSM living with HIV. The result could guide us to provide a comprehensive mental healthcare program toward Ending the AIDS epidemic by 2030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zul Aizat Mohamad Fisal
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Rosliza Abdul Manaf
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
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Sherif Y, Azman AZF, Awang H, Mokhtar SA, Mohammadzadeh M, Alimuddin AS. Effectiveness of Life Skills Intervention on Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review. Malays J Med Sci 2023; 30:42-59. [PMID: 37425380 PMCID: PMC10325125 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.3.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Children and adolescents are at a significantly high risk of mental health problems during their lifetime, among which are depression and anxiety, which are the most common. Life skills education is one of the intervention programmes designed to improve mental well-being and strengthen their ability to cope with the daily stresses of life. This review aimed to identify and evaluate the effect of life skills intervention on the reduction of depression, anxiety and stress among children and adolescents. Following the Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) model and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2009 checklist, eight databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, Cochrane, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science) were systematically reviewed from 2012 to 2020. The search was limited to English papers only. It included published experimental and quasi-experimental studies addressing the effect of life skills interventions on the reduction of at least one of the following mental health disorders: depression, anxiety and stress among children and adolescents (from the age of 5 years old to 18 years old). We used the Joanna Briggs Institute checklist for experimental and quasi-experimental studies to evaluate the quality of the included studies. This study was registered in PROSPERO [CRD42021256603]. The search identified only 10 studies (three experimental and seven quasi-experimental) from 2,160 articles. The number of the participants was 6,714 aged between 10 years old and 19 years old. Three studies in this review focused on depression and anxiety, whereas one study investigated depression and the other anxiety. Three studies targeted only stress and two examined the three outcomes, namely, depression, anxiety and stress. Almost in all studies, the life skills intervention positively impacted mental disorders, considering the differences among males and females. The overall methodological quality of the findings was deemed to be moderate to high. Our results clearly indicated the advantages of life skills programmes among adolescents in different settings and contexts. Nonetheless, the results highlight some important policy implications by emphasising the crucial roles of developers and policymakers in the implementation of appropriate modules and activities. Further research examining life skills intervention with a cultural, gender perspective, age-appropriate and long-term effect is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosra Sherif
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamidin Awang
- Psychiatry Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisha Mokhtar
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Marjan Mohammadzadeh
- Institute of Health and Nursing Sciences, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aisha Siddiqah Alimuddin
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Shaharul NA, Ahmad Zamzuri M‘AI, Ariffin AA, Azman AZF, Mohd Ali NK. Digitalisation Medical Records: Improving Efficiency and Reducing Burnout in Healthcare. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:3441. [PMID: 36834136 PMCID: PMC9966407 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: electronic medical record (EMR) systems remain a significant priority for the improvement of healthcare services. However, their implementation may have resulted in a burden on healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine the prevalence of burnout symptoms among HCWs who use EMRs at their workplace, as well as burnout-associated factors. (2) Methods: an analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at six public health clinics equipped with an electronic medical record system. The respondents were from a heterogeneity of job descriptions. Consent was obtained before enrolment into the study. A questionnaire was distributed through an online platform. Ethical approval was secured. (3) Results: a total of 161 respondents were included in the final analysis, accounting for a 90.0% response rate. The prevalence of burnout symptoms was 10.7% (n = 17). Three significant predictors were obtained in the final model: experiencing ineffective screen layouts and navigation systems, experiencing physical or verbal abuse by patients, and having a poor relationship with colleagues. (4) Conclusions: the prevalence of burnout symptoms among healthcare workers working with electronic medical record systems was low. Despite several limitations and barriers to implementation, a paradigm shift is needed to equip all health sectors with electronic medical record systems to improve healthcare service delivery. Continuous technical support and financial resources are important to ensure a smooth transition and integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Adibah Shaharul
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad Azuhairi Ariffin
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Noor Khalili Mohd Ali
- Seremban District Health Office, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Seremban 70590, Malaysia
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Lim PY, Md Said S, Kadir Shahar H, Azman AZF, Mokhtar SA, Mahmud A. COVID-19 Inpatient Deaths and Brought-in-Dead Cases in Malaysia. Front Public Health 2022; 10:872838. [PMID: 35875031 PMCID: PMC9298663 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.872838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths can occur in hospitals or otherwise. In Malaysia, COVID-19 deaths occurring outside of the hospital and subsequently brought to the hospital are known as brought-in-dead (BID) cases. To date, the characteristics of BID COVID-19 cases in Malaysia are not clear. The objectives of this study are 2-fold: to explore the characteristics of 29,155 mortality cases in Malaysia and determine the factors associated with the high probability of BID, using the multilevel logistic regression model. Data on COVID-19 mortality cases from the entire country between March 17, 2020 and November 3, 2021 were retrieved from a national open data source. Of the 29,155 COVID-19 mortality cases, 5,903 (20.2%) were BID. A higher probability of BID (p < 0.05) was seen among individuals aged between 18 and 59 years, non-Malaysians, had no comorbidities, did not receive COVID-19 vaccination, and the interval between the date of death and diagnosis. A high prevalence of BID is an alarming public health issue, as this may signal health system failure at one or several levels and, hence, need urgent attention from relevant stakeholders. Based on the findings of this study, increasing the intensity of the vaccination campaign, addressing any issues faced by noncitizens about to COVID-19 management in- and out-of-hospital, increasing the awareness of signs and symptoms of worsening COVID-19 and, hence, the significance of self-monitoring, and determining the potential gaps in the health system may contribute to their increased risk of deaths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Salmiah Md Said
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Hayati Kadir Shahar
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute of Ageing (MyAgeing), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aisah Mokhtar
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Aidalina Mahmud
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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Mohd Suan MA, Said SM, Lim PY, Azman AZF, Abu Hassan MR. Risk factors for hepatitis C infection among adult patients in Kedah state, Malaysia: A case-control study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224459. [PMID: 31661525 PMCID: PMC6818779 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C infection is a global public health problem. This study was designed to identify the risk factors associated with hepatitis C infection among adult patients in Kedah state, Malaysia. A matched, hospital-based, case–control study was conducted at a tertiary hospital. Cases were adult (aged ≥ 18 years) patients with positive serology test results for hepatitis C virus antibody and detectable hepatitis C virus RNA from January 2015 to December 2018, and controls were age-, sex- and ethnicity-matched patients who were not infected with hepatitis C virus. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics and previous exposure to selected risk factors among the study participants. Associations between hepatitis C and demographic and risk factors were assessed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A total of 255 case–control patient pairs were enrolled. The multivariable analysis indicated that having a history of blood or blood product transfusion before 1992 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.99, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.73–13.81), injection drug use (AOR = 6.60, 95% CI: 3.66–12.43), imprisonment (AOR = 4.58, 95% CI: 1.62–16.40), tattooing (AOR = 3.73, 95% CI: 1.37–12.00), having more than one sexual partner (AOR = 2.06, 95% CI: 1.16–3.69), piercing (AOR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.04–2.80), and having only secondary education (AOR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.06–3.57) were independently associated with hepatitis C. No associations were found between health care occupation, needle-prick injury, surgical procedures, haemodialysis, acupuncture, cupping, or contact sports and hepatitis C infection. These findings demonstrate that hepatitis C risk is multifactorial. Having a history of blood or blood product transfusion before 1992, injection drug use, imprisonment, tattooing, having more than one sexual partner, piercing, and having only secondary education were associated with increased odds of hepatitis C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Azri Mohd Suan
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Salmiah Md Said
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| | - Poh Ying Lim
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Radzi Abu Hassan
- Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
- Department of Medicine, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
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Ahmadi S, Amin-Nordin S, Neela VK, Hamat RA, Goh BL, Nor LAM, Azman AZF. Evaluation of Modified Laboratory Processes for Isolation of Bacteria and Fungi in Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis Patients with Peritonitis. Perit Dial Int 2015; 35:767-9. [PMID: 26703853 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2013.00154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Syafinaz Amin-Nordin
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vasantha Kumari Neela
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rukman Awang Hamat
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Mahmud MH, Nordin AJ, Ahmad Saad FF, Azman AZF. Impacts of biological and procedural factors on semiquantification uptake value of liver in fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2015; 5:700-7. [PMID: 26682140 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.05.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased metabolic activity of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in tissue is not only resulting of pathological uptake, but due to physiological uptake as well. This study aimed to determine the impacts of biological and procedural factors on FDG uptake of liver in whole body positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging. METHODS Whole body fluorine-18 ((18)F) FDG PET/CT scans of 51 oncology patients have been reviewed. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of lesion-free liver was quantified in each patient. Pearson correlation was performed to determine the association between the factors of age, body mass index (BMI), blood glucose level, FDG dose and incubation period and liver SUVmax. Multivariate regression analysis was established to determine the significant factors that best predicted the liver SUVmax. Then the subjects were dichotomised into four BMI groups. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was established for mean difference of SUVmax of liver between those BMI groups. RESULTS BMI and incubation period were significantly associated with liver SUVmax. These factors were accounted for 29.6% of the liver SUVmax variance. Statistically significant differences were observed in the mean SUVmax of liver among those BMI groups (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS BMI and incubation period are significant factors affecting physiological FDG uptake of liver. It would be recommended to employ different cut-off value for physiological liver SUVmax as a reference standard for different BMI of patients in PET/CT interpretation and use a standard protocol for incubation period of patient to reduce variation in physiological FDG uptake of liver in PET/CT study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hafizi Mahmud
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2 Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia ; 3 Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia ; 4 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Jalil Nordin
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2 Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia ; 3 Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia ; 4 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fathinul Fikri Ahmad Saad
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2 Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia ; 3 Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia ; 4 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- 1 Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2 Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia ; 3 Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia ; 4 Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Shaharuddin S, Azman AZF, Ali KH, Mohamad AL, Saad FFA, Nordin AJ. Vulnerable plaque detection: The role of 18-fluorine fluorodeoxyglucose in identifying high risk patients. Alexandria Journal of Medicine 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajme.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shazreen Shaharuddin
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Zaid Fattah Azman
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia
- Faculty Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia
| | - Katiza Haida Ali
- Department of Physiology, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) , Malaysia
| | | | | | - Abdul Jalil Nordin
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia , Malaysia
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Syazwan AI, Hafizan J, Baharudin MR, Azman AZF, Izwyn Z, Zulfadhli I, Syahidatussyakirah K. Gender, airborne chemical monitoring, and physical work environment are related to indoor air symptoms among nonindustrial workers in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2013; 9:87-105. [PMID: 23526736 PMCID: PMC3596155 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s39136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship of airborne chemicals and the physical work environment risk element on the indoor air symptoms of nonindustrial workers. Design: A cross-sectional study consisting of 200 office workers. A random selection of 200 buildings was analyzed for exposure and indoor air symptoms based on a pilot study in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Methods: A set of modified published questionnaires by the Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), Malaysia and a previous study (MM040NA questionnaire) pertaining to indoor air symptoms was used in the evaluation process of the indoor air symptoms. Statistical analyses involving logistic regression and linear regression were used to determine the relationship between exposure and indoor air symptoms for use in the development of an indoor risk matrix. Results: The results indicate that some indoor air pollutants (carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, total volatile organic compound, and dust) are related to indoor air symptoms of men and women. Temperature and relative humidity showed a positive association with complaints related to the perceived indoor environmental condition (drafts and inconsistency of temperature). Men predominantly reported general symptoms when stratification of gender involved exposure to formaldehyde. Women reported high levels of complaints related to mucosal and general symptoms from exposure to the dust level indoors. Conclusion: Exposure to pollutants (total volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, and formaldehyde) and physical stressors (air temperature and relative humidity) influence reported symptoms of office workers. These parameters should be focused upon and graded as one of the important elements in the grading procedure when qualitatively evaluating the indoor environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aizat Ismail Syazwan
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia
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Ahmad Z, Rasouli M, Azman AZF, Omar AR. Evaluation of insulin expression and secretion in genetically engineered gut K and L-cells. BMC Biotechnol 2012; 12:64. [PMID: 22989329 PMCID: PMC3469342 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6750-12-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gene therapy could provide an effective treatment of diabetes. Previous studies have investigated the potential for several cell and tissue types to produce mature and active insulin. Gut K and L-cells could be potential candidate hosts for gene therapy because of their special features. Results In this study, we isolated gut K and L-cells to compare the potential of both cell types to produce insulin when exposed to similar conditions. The isolated pure K and L-cells were transfected with recombinant plasmids encoding insulin and with specific promoters for K or L-cells. Insulin expression was studied in response to glucose or meat hydrolysate. We found that glucose and meat hydrolysate efficiently induced insulin secretion from K and L-cells. However, the effects of meat hydrolysate on insulin secretion were more potent in both cells compared with glucose. Results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays showed that L-cells secreted more insulin compared with K-cells regardless of the stimulator, although this difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion The responses of K and L-cells to stimulation with glucose or meat hydrolysate were generally comparable. Therefore, both K and L-cells show similar potential to be used as surrogate cells for insulin gene expression in vitro. The potential use of these cells for diabetic gene therapy warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zalinah Ahmad
- Laboratory of Vaccines and Immunotherapeutics, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor 43400, Malaysia.
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