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Sasaki M, Tanaka M, Kojima Y, Nomoto A, Shimmasu A, Narumi A, Yano S, Ozeki K, Shimura T, Kubota E, Kataoka H. Metal-conjugated Maltotriose Chlorins as Novel Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy. Anticancer Res 2024; 44:1011-1021. [PMID: 38423643 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.16896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a relatively non-invasive anti-cancer therapy that employs a photosensitizer with a specific wavelength of light, causing a photochemical reaction that releases free radicals, thereby inducing tumor cell necrosis via oxidative stress. The oxygen molecule reaches the singlet excited state through efficient energy transfer from an excited triplet state of the photosensitizer. Heavy atoms are frequently introduced in photosensitizers for efficiently generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) in PDT, known as the heavy atom effect. However, metal-complexed photosensitizers often show low water-solubility. To overcome this limitation and produce ROS effectively, we focused on the better solubility of photosensitizers with heavy metals bound within the chlorin skeleton and conjugated with glucose in this study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established maltotriose (Mal3)-conjugation with heavy metallochlorins [M (Mal3-chlorin), M=Pt or Pd)] and evaluated its anti-tumor effect. RESULTS M (Mal3-chlorin) showed effective ROS production and singlet oxygen induction. Consequently, these cytotoxic factors caused effective anti-tumor effects and induced morphological changes, followed by cell death in vitro. In a xenograft tumor mouse model, PDT with M (Mal3-chlorin) showed tumor growth suppression. CONCLUSION M (Mal3-Chlorin) might be an excellent glucose-conjugated chlorin because of its strong anti-tumor PDT effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan;
| | - Yuki Kojima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ayako Shimmasu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women's University, Nara, Japan
| | - Keiji Ozeki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaya Shimura
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eiji Kubota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, Nagoya, Japan
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Mizobuchi T, Nomoto A, Wada H, Yamamoto N, Nakajima M, Fujisawa T, Suzuki H, Yoshino I. Outcomes of carbon ion radiotherapy compared with segmentectomy for ground glass opacity-dominant early-stage lung cancer. Radiat Oncol 2023; 18:201. [PMID: 38110971 PMCID: PMC10726495 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-023-02387-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to compare the outcomes of patients with ground-grass opacity (GGO)-dominant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who were treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) versus segmentectomy. METHODS A retrospective review of medical records was conducted. The study included 123 cases of clinical stage 0/IA peripheral NSCLC treated with single-fraction CIRT from 2003 to 2012, 14 of which were determined to be GGO-dominant and were assigned to CIRT group. As a control, 48 consecutive patients who underwent segmentectomy for peripheral GGO-dominant clinical stage IA NSCLC were assigned to segmentectomy group. RESULTS The patients in CIRT group, compared with segmentectomy group, were significantly older (75 ± 7.2 vs. 65 ± 8.2 years, P = 0.000660), more likely to be male (13/14 vs. 22/48, P = 0.00179), and had a lower forced vital capacity (91 ± 19% vs. 110 ± 13%, P = 0.0173). There was a significant difference in the 5-years overall survival rate (86% vs. 96%, P = 0.000860), but not in the 5-years disease-specific survival rate (93% vs. 98%, P = 0.368). DISCUSSION Compared with segmentectomy, CIRT may be an alternative option for patients with early GGO-dominant NSCLC who are poor candidates for, or who refuse, surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teruaki Mizobuchi
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Social Welfare Organization Saiseikai Imperial Gift Foundation, Chibaken Saiseikai Narashino Hospital, 1-8-1 Izumi-Cho, Narashino-Shi, Chiba, 275-8580, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Radiology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hironobu Wada
- Department of Pulmonary Surgery, International University of Health and Welfare Narita Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chosei Municipal Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Mio Nakajima
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology QST Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takehiko Fujisawa
- Chiba Foundation for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hidemi Suzuki
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ichiro Yoshino
- Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Departments of General Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
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Ohata T, Nomoto A, Watanabe T, Hirosawa I, Makita T, Takeya J, Makiura R. Air/liquid interfacial formation process of conductive metal-organic framework nanosheets. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 651:769-784. [PMID: 37336654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The air/liquid interface is a superior platform to create nanosheets of materials by promoting spontaneous two-dimensional growth of components. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-intrinsically porous crystals-with π-conjugated triphenylene-based ligands show high electrical conductivities. Forming nanosheets of such conductive MOFs should enable their use in electronic devices. Although highly conductive MOF nanosheets have been created at the air/liquid interface, direct control of their continuity, morphology, thickness, crystallinity, and orientation directly influencing device performance remains as an issue to be addressed. Here, we present detailed insights into the formation process of electrically conductive MOF nanosheets composed of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HITP) and Ni2+ ions (HITP-Ni-NS) at the air/liquid interface. The morphological and structural features of HITP-Ni-NS strongly depend on the standing time-the time without any external actions involved, but leaving the interface undisturbed after setting the ligand solution onto the metal-ion solution. We find that the fundamental features of HITP-Ni-NS are determined by the standing time with conductivity sensitively influenced by such pre-determined HITP-Ni-NS characteristics. These findings will lead towards the establishment of a rational strategy for creating MOF nanosheets at the air/liquid interface with desired properties, thereby accelerating their use in diverse potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohata
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hirosawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Makita
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Rie Makiura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan; Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan.
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Kodama S, Hashiguchi T, Nomoto A. Crystal structure of (μ-hydrogen di-sulfato)-μ-oxido-bis-[(4,4'-di- tert-butyl-2,2'-bi-pyridine)-oxidovanadium(IV/V)] aceto-nitrile monosolvate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2023; 79:1055-1058. [PMID: 37936858 PMCID: PMC10626945 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989023009040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
The dinuclear oxidovanadium(IV/V) complex, [V2(HS2O8)O3(C18H24N2)2]·CH3CN or [V2O2(μ-O)(μ-H(SO4)2)(4,4'-tBubpy)2]·CH3CN (4,4'-tBubpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bi-pyridine), has crystallographic C 2 symmetry and exhibits a distorted octa-hedral geometry around the vanadium center, where the two 4,4'-tBubpy ligands are nearly orthogonal to each other. The two vanadium ions are linked by an oxo anion and a unique protonated sulfate anion [H(SO4)2 3-]. In the crystal, inter-molecular C-H⋯π and π-π inter-actions between the 4,4'-tBubpy ligands are present, leading to a three-dimensional network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Terushi Hashiguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Osaki T, Hibino S, Murahata Y, Amaha T, Yokoe I, Yamashita M, Nomoto A, Yano S, Tanaka M, Kataoka H, Okamoto Y. Vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy with glucose-conjugated chlorin e6 for dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours. Vet Med Sci 2023; 9:2534-2541. [PMID: 37715623 PMCID: PMC10650375 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using photosensitisers is a minimally invasive treatment for malignant tumours. However, ideal photosensitisers are not yet established. Recently, we developed a new photosensitiser, glucose-conjugated chlorin e6 (G-Ce6). OBJECTIVES To evaluate the clinical efficacy of vascular-targeted PDT (VTP), a type of PDT utilising a short drug-light interval, using G-Ce6 to treat spontaneously occurring tumours in dogs. METHODS Five dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours (malignant melanoma: three; haemangiopericytoma: two; and squamous cell carcinoma: one) were subjected to VTP. These dogs were intravenously injected with G-Ce6 at doses of 1-3 mg/kg 5 min before laser irradiation. Tumours were superficially or interstitially irradiated using a 677-nm diode laser. RESULTS Repeated VTP decreased tumour size, yielding complete remission in three dogs. Complications such as oedema surrounding normal tissues and fistulae were observed, and the oedema was self-limiting. The fistula was cured by debriding the necrotic tissues formed after VTP. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that VTP using G-Ce6 had antitumour effects in dogs with spontaneously occurring tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Osaki
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Shota Hibino
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Takao Amaha
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Inoru Yokoe
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Masamichi Yamashita
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of EngineeringOsaka Metropolitan UniversityOsakaJapan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and NatureInstitute of Yamato Area and Kii PeninsulaNara Women's UniversityNaraJapan
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and MetabolismNagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoyaJapan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Faculty of AgricultureJoint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Tottori UniversityTottoriJapan
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Hirai Y, Makita Y, Asaoka J, Aoyagi Y, Nomoto A, Okamura H, Fujiwara SI. Boron Clusters Alter the Membrane Permeability of Dicationic Fluorescent DNA-Staining Dyes. ACS Omega 2023; 8:35321-35327. [PMID: 37779949 PMCID: PMC10536875 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Membrane-permeable fluorescent dyes that stain DNA are useful reagents for microscopic imaging, as they can be introduced into living cells to label DNA. However, the number of these dyes, such as Hoechst 33342, is limited. Here, we show that the icosahedral dodecaborate B12Br122-, a superchaotropic carrier that delivers different types of molecules into cells, functions as an excellent carrier for membrane-impermeable fluorescent dyes. Propidium iodide (PI) and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), dicationic membrane-impermeable fluorescent dyes that stain DNA, can permeate cell membranes in the presence of boron clusters. Methyl green (MG), a dicationic dye used in the histological and fluorescent staining of DNA, permeated cell membranes in the presence of boron clusters. In contrast, monocationic membrane-permeable fluorescent dyes, such as acridine orange and pyronin Y, exhibited reduced fluorescence in cells in the presence of boron clusters. Boron clusters do not quench dicationic fluorescent dyes in water in vitro but have quenching effects on monocationic fluorescent dyes. We have demonstrated that the addition of B12Br122- to impermeable dicationic fluorescent DNA-staining dyes, such as DAPI, PI, and MG, which have been widely used for numerous years, imparts membrane permeability to introduce these dyes into living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Hirai
- Department
of Biology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Makita
- Department
of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Jun Asaoka
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuka Aoyagi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Gakuen-cho 1-1, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Okamura
- Department
of Biology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Fujiwara
- Department
of Chemistry, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuha Hanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1121, Japan
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Tachimoto K, Ohata T, Takeno KJ, Nomoto A, Watanabe T, Hirosawa I, Makiura R. Assembling Triphenylene-Based Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets at the Air/Liquid Interface: Modification by Tuning the Spread Solution Concentration. Langmuir 2023. [PMID: 37326601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)─crystalline coordination polymers─with unique characteristics such as structural designability accompanied by tunable electronic properties and intrinsic uniform nanopores have become the platform for applications in diverse scientific areas ranging from nanotechnology to energy/environmental sciences. To utilize the superior features of MOF in potential applications, the fabrication and integration of thin films are of importance and have been actively sought. Especially, downsized MOFs into nanosheets can act as ultimately thin functional components in nanodevices and potentially display unique chemical/physical properties rarely seen in bulk MOFs. Assembling nanosheets by aligning amphiphilic molecules at the air/liquid interface has been known as the Langmuir technique. By utilizing the air/liquid interface as a reaction field between metal ions and organic ligands, MOFs are readily formed into the nanosheet state. The expected features in MOF nanosheets including electrical conduction largely depend on the nanosheet characteristics such as lateral size, thickness, morphology, crystallinity, and orientation. However, their control has not been achieved as yet. Here, we demonstrate how changing the concentration of a ligand spread solution can modify the assembly of MOF nanosheets, composed of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene (HITP) and Ni2+ ions (HITP-Ni-NS), at the air/liquid interface. A systematic increase in the concentration of the ligand spread solution leads to the enlargement of both the lateral size and the thickness of the nanosheets while retaining their perfect alignment and preferred orientation. On the other hand, at much higher concentrations, we find that unreacted ligand molecules are included in HITP-Ni-NS, introducing disorder in HITP-Ni-NS. These findings can develop further sophisticated control of MOF nanosheet features, accelerating fundamental and applied studies on MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuaki Tachimoto
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 Japan
| | - Takashi Ohata
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 Japan
| | - Kanokwan Jumtee Takeno
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hirosawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Rie Makiura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570 Japan
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Aibe N, Ogino H, Wakatsuki M, Fujikawa K, Teramukai S, Fukumitsu N, Shiba S, Yamamoto N, Nomoto A, Ono T, Oguri M, Yamaguchi H, Numajiri H, Shibuya K, Okazaki S, Miyasaka Y, Okonogi N, Murata K, Tatebe H, Motegi A, Okimoto T, Yoshino T, Mandai M, Katoh N, Tsuji H, Sakurai H. Comprehensive analysis of Japanese nationwide cohort data of particle beam therapy for pulmonary, liver and lymph node oligometastases: particle beam therapy versus high-precision X-ray radiotherapy. J Radiat Res 2023:rrad004. [PMID: 37053162 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrad004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Japanese national oncological experts convened to evaluate the efficacy and safety of particle beam therapy (PT) for pulmonary, liver and lymph node oligometastases (P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM, respectively) and to conduct a statistically comparative analysis of the local control (LC) rate and overall survival (OS) rate of PT versus those of X-ray stereotactic body radiotherapy (X-SBRT) and X-ray intensity-modulated radiotherapy (X-IMRT). They conducted [1] an analysis of the efficacy and safety of metastasis-directed therapy with PT for P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM using a Japanese nationwide multi-institutional cohort study data set; [2] a systematic review of X-ray high-precision radiotherapy (i.e. X-SBRT/X-IMRT) and PT for P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM; and [3] a statistical comparison between LC and OS of the cohort data set in PT and that of the extracted historical data set in X-SBRT/X-IMRT from the preceding systematic review. Safety was evaluated as the incidence of grade ≥ 3 adverse events, while statistical comparisons of LC and OS were conducted by estimating the incidence rate ratios (IRR) for local progression and mortality, respectively. This study demonstrated that PT provided durable LC (3-year LC rate: 72.8-83.2%) with acceptable OS (3-year OS rate: 38.5-68.1%) and risk of severe toxicity incidence of 0.8-3.5% in radical metastasis-directed therapy for P-OM, L-OM and LN-OM. Compared to LC with X-SBRT or X-IMRT, LC with PT was potentially superior for P-OM; superior for L-OM; and equivalent for LN-OM. In particular, this study demonstrated that PT may be a new treatment option for L-OM tumors measuring > 5 cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Aibe
- Department of Radiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ogino
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Masaru Wakatsuki
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kei Fujikawa
- Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | | | - Shintaro Shiba
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan
| | - Masanosuke Oguri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nagoya Proton Therapy Center, Nagoya City University West Medical Center, Nagoya 462-8508, Japan
| | - Hisashi Yamaguchi
- Department of Radiology, Southern Tohoku Proton Therapy Center, Koriyama City, Fukushima 963-8052, Japan
| | - Haruko Numajiri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550, Japan
| | - Kei Shibuya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Shohei Okazaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Yuhei Miyasaka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Okonogi
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Murata
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tatebe
- Proton Therapy Center, Fukui Prefectural Hospital, Fukui 910-0846, Japan
| | - Atsushi Motegi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba 277-8577, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Okimoto
- Department of Radiology, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Yoshino
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Mandai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Norio Katoh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido 060-0808, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Sakurai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8550, Japan
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Ohata T, Tachimoto K, Takeno KJ, Nomoto A, Watanabe T, Hirosawa I, Makiura R. Influence of the Solvent on the Assembly of Ni 3(hexaiminotriphenylene) 2 Metal–Organic Framework Nanosheets at the Air/Liquid Interface. BCSJ 2023. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20220283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohata
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Tachimoto
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Kanokwan Jumtee Takeno
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hirosawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Rie Makiura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
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10
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Mori S, Bhattacharyya T, Furuichi W, Tohyama N, Nomoto A, Shinoto M, Takiyama H, Yamada S. Comparison of dosimetries of carbon-ion pencil beam scanning, proton pencil beam scanning and volumetric modulated arc therapy for locally recurrent rectal cancer. J Radiat Res 2023; 64:162-170. [PMID: 36403118 PMCID: PMC9855328 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrac074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We compared the dose distributions of carbon-ion pencil beam scanning (C-PBS), proton pencil beam scanning (P-PBS) and Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) for locally recurrent rectal cancer. The C-PBS treatment planning computed tomography (CT) data sets of 10 locally recurrent rectal cancer cases were randomly selected. Three treatment plans were created using identical prescribed doses. The beam angles for C-PBS and P-PBS were identical. Dosimetry, including the dose received by 95% of the planning target volume (PTV) (D95%), dose to the 2 cc receiving the maximum dose (D2cc), organ at risk (OAR) volume receiving > 15Gy (V15) and > 30Gy (V30), was evaluated. Statistical significance was assessed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Mean PTV-D95% values were > 95% of the volume for P-PBS and C-PBS, whereas that for VMAT was 94.3%. However, PTV-D95% values in P-PBS and VMAT were < 95% in five and two cases, respectively, due to the OAR dose reduction. V30 and V15 to the rectum/intestine for C-PBS (V30 = 4.2 ± 3.2 cc, V15 = 13.8 ± 10.6 cc) and P-PBS (V30 = 7.3 ± 5.6 cc, V15 = 21.3 ± 13.5 cc) were significantly lower than those for VMAT (V30 = 17.1 ± 10.6 cc, V15 = 55.2 ± 28.6 cc). Bladder-V30 values with P-PBS/C-PBS (3.9 ± 4.8 Gy(RBE)/3.0 ± 4.0 Gy(RBE)) were significantly lower than those with VMAT (7.9 ± 8.1 Gy). C-PBS provided superior dose conformation and lower OAR doses compared with P-PBS and VMAT. C-PBS may be the best choice for cases in which VMAT and P-PBS cannot satisfy dose constraints. C-PBS could be another choice for cases in which VMAT and P-PBS cannot satisfy dose constraints, thereby avoiding surgical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Mori
- Corresponding author. National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Inageku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan. Office: 81-43-251-2111; Fax: 81-43-284-0198; e-mail:
| | - Tapesh Bhattacharyya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, 14, MAR(E-W), DH Block (Newtown), Action Area I, Newtown, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160, India
| | - Wataru Furuichi
- Accelerator Engineering Corporation, Inage-Ku, Chiba, 263-0043, Japan
| | - Naoki Tohyama
- Division of Medical Physics, Tokyo Bay Makuhari Clinic for Advanced Imaging, Cancer Screening, and High-Precision Radiotherapy, Mihama-ku, Chiba, 261-0024m Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, QST Hospital, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Makoto Shinoto
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, QST Hospital, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Takiyama
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, QST Hospital, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamada
- National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, QST Hospital, Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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11
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Abstract
In recent years, the development of environmentally benign molecular construction methods has been of great importance, and especially, resource recycling, high atomic efficiency, and low environmental impact are in high demand. From this point of view, attention has also been focused on the development of one-pot synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional molecules. Imines are excellent synthetic intermediates of these useful molecules, and the environmentally friendly oxidative synthesis of imines from amines has been energetically developed using oxygen (or air), which is abundantly available on the Earth, as an oxidant. This review focuses on the latest innovative and green oxidation systems of amines to imines under atmospheric oxygen, and their application to one-pot/eco-friendly and sustainable synthesis of pharmaceuticals and functional molecules. In particular, catalytic systems that activate molecular oxygen are categorized and described in detail as transition metal catalytic systems, photoirradiated catalytic systems, and organocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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12
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Ikawa H, Koto M, Ebner DK, Takiyama H, Shinoto M, Nomoto A, Yamada S, Tsuji H. A Custom Mouthpiece With Lip Bumper for Osteoradionecrosis Risk Reduction After Carbon-Ion Radiation Therapy for Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of the Lip. Adv Radiat Oncol 2022; 8:101114. [PMCID: PMC9718932 DOI: 10.1016/j.adro.2022.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan,Corresponding author
| | - Masashi Koto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daniel K Ebner
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan,Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Hirotoshi Takiyama
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Makoto Shinoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeru Yamada
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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13
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Makita Y, Akagi Y, Aoyagi Y, Yakabe G, Hirai Y, Nomoto A, Fujiwara SI, Ogawa A. Direct synthesis and characterization of endohedral zinc(II) hemicryptophane complex. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.154103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Nagasao J, Fukasawa H, Yoshioka K, Fujimura N, Kobayashi M, Tsunemi Y, Nomoto A, Mitsui S, Murata H, Yokoyama I, Komiya Y, Arihara K. Research Note: Expression of IGF-1 and IGF-1 Receptor Proteins in Skeletal Muscle Fiber Types in Chickens with Hepatic Fibrosis. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102045. [PMID: 35961253 PMCID: PMC9382560 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the expression of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and IGF-1 type 1 receptor (IGF-1R) in skeletal muscle fiber types in chickens with hepatic fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL). Eleven hens, approximately 104 weeks old, were randomly assigned to BDL (n = 4) and sham surgery (SHAM; n = 7) groups. In BDL hens, histopathology revealed marked bile duct proliferation and liver fibrosis. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of myofibers from both the pectoralis (PCT) muscles significantly decreased in the BDL group compared with the SHAM group (P < 0.01). In contrast, the CSA of myofibers from the femorotibialis lateralis (FTL) muscle did not decrease in the BDL group. Type I fibers were large, round, and hypertrophic. Elongated type IIA and IIB fibers were also present. For IGF-1 immunostaining, the immunoreaction intensity was higher in the PCT in the BDL group than the SHAM group. Within the BDL group, type I fibers from FTL had a stronger immunoreaction intensity than the type II fibers. For IGF-1R immunostaining, the intensity of the immunoreactions was similar within the PCT in the BDL group compared with the SHAM group. For FTL, type I fibers had stronger reactions to IGF-1R than type II fibers in the BDL group. These results suggest that type I fibers express both IGF-1 and IGF-1R and become hypertrophic in chickens with hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Nagasao
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan.
| | - H Fukasawa
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - K Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Veterinary Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - N Fujimura
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - M Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Y Tsunemi
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - A Nomoto
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - S Mitsui
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - H Murata
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - I Yokoyama
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - Y Komiya
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
| | - K Arihara
- Laboratory of Food Function and Safety, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Aomori 034-8628, Japan
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15
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Kimura Y, Aoki H, Soyama T, Sakuragi A, Otsuka Y, Nomoto A, Yano S, Nishie H, Kataoka H, Aoyama M. Photodynamic therapy using mannose-conjugated chlorin e6 increases cell surface calreticulin in cancer cells and promotes macrophage phagocytosis. Med Oncol 2022; 39:82. [PMID: 35478050 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) damages cancer cells via photosensitization using harmless laser irradiation. We synthesized a new photosensitizer, mannose-conjugated-chlorin e6 (M-chlorin e6), which targets mannose receptors that are highly expressed on M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) and cancer cells. In our previous study, we demonstrated that M-chlorin e6 PDT reduces tumor volume and decreases the proportion of M2-TAMs. Whether M-chlorin e6 PDT-treated cancer cells activate tumor immunity remains unclear, although the decrease in M2-TAMs is thought to be a direct injurious effect of M-chlorin e6 PDT. Calreticulin (CRT) is exposed at the surface of the membrane of cancer cells in response to treatment with chemotherapeutic agents such as anthracycline and oxaliplatin. Surface-exposed CRT induces phagocytosis of CRT receptor-positive cells, including macrophages, inducing anticancer immune responses. In the present study, we found that M-chlorin e6 PDT increases CRT on the surface of cancer cells, leading to macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells. Furthermore, M-chlorin e6 PDT increases CD80+CD86+ macrophages. These results suggest that M-chlorin e6 PDT exerts anti-tumor effects by both enhancing the phagocytosis of cancer cells and strengthening the anti-tumor phenotype of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kimura
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Soyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Akira Sakuragi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuto Otsuka
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-Higashimachi, Nara, 630-8506, Japan
| | - Hirotada Nishie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8603, Japan.
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16
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Bhattacharyya T, Shinoto M, Takiyama H, Nitta Y, Koto M, Imai R, Ikawa H, Nomoto A, Tsuji H, Yamada S. Long-term outcomes of octogenarian pancreatic cancer patients treated with carbon ion radiotherapy. Pancreatology 2022; 22:381-386. [PMID: 35317974 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is a disease of the elderly; patients >65 years are 60% of the cases. Due to multiple comorbidities, treating these patients is challenging. We report the efficacy and safety of carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) in octogenarians. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the cases of 46 pancreatic cancer patients aged ≥80 years (median 83, range 80-97) treated with definitive C-ion RT in 2007-2018 at our institute. RESULTS Twenty-five patients (54%) had resectable or borderline-resectable disease; none underwent surgery (because of medical reasons, e.g., age, multiple comorbidities). C-ion RT was delivered with a median dose of 55.2 Gy (RBE) in 12 fractions. The survivors' median follow-up period was 43 (range 19-76) months. The entire cohort's median overall survival (OS) was 15 (95%CI: 14-22) months with a 3-year OS of 20% (95%CI: 11%-35%). On both univariate and multivariate analyses, baseline CA19-9 remained the significant independent OS prognostic factor (p = 0.032). The 3-year local control rate for all patients was 34% (95%CI: 19%-53%). Local failure (n = 25, 54%) was as common as distant relapse (n = 26, 57%); 33% of the patients experienced both local and systemic failure. About 15% underwent re-C-ion RT for infield recurrence; they achieved a median 22-month OS. No patients exhibited grade ≥3 severe acute or late toxicities (including those who received re-C-ion RT). CONCLUSIONS C-ion RT in octogenarians with pancreatic cancer showed promising outcomes with acceptable acute and late toxicities and can be considered a reasonable alternative to radical surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapesh Bhattacharyya
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan; Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Center, 14 MAR (E-W), New Town, Rajarhat, Kolkata, 700 160, West Bengal, India.
| | - Makoto Shinoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hirotoshi Takiyama
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Yuki Nitta
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Masashi Koto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Reiko Imai
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroaki Ikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yamada
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
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17
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Yamamoto Y, Yamakawa C, Nishimura R, Dong CP, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ueshima M, Ogawa A. Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-Substituted Quinazolines via Green Oxidation of o-Aminobenzylamines: Practical Construction of N-Containing Heterocycles Based on a Salicylic Acid-Catalyzed Oxidation System. Front Chem 2022; 9:822841. [PMID: 35280219 PMCID: PMC8905626 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.822841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional quinazoline synthesis methods involve a highly multistep reaction, and often require excess amounts of substrate to control the product selectivity, leading to significant resource wastage. Hence, in this study, from the viewpoint of green chemistry, we developed a novel metal-free synthetic method for 2-substituted quinazoline derivatives by the 4,6-dihydroxysalicylic acid-catalyzed oxidative condensation of o-aminobenzylamines and benzylamines using atmospheric oxygen. In this system, the use of a catalytic amount of BF3‧Et2O (10 mol%) as a Lewis acid successfully led to the efficient oxidative condensation and intramolecular cyclization of these amines, followed by aromatization to afford the corresponding 2-arylquinazolines in up to 81% yield with excellent atom economy and environmental factor. Furthermore, to expand this green oxidation method to gram-scale synthesis, we investigated the development of an oxidation process using salicylic acid itself as an organocatalyst, and established a method for the practical green synthesis of a series of nitrogen-containing heterocycles. We expect that the findings will contribute to the development of practical synthesis methods for pharmaceutical manufacturing and industrial applications, along with further advancements in green chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Akiya Ogawa
- *Correspondence: Shintaro Kodama, ; Akiya Ogawa,
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18
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Ikawa H, Koto M, Bhattacharyya T, Kaneko T, Takiyama H, Shinoto M, Nomoto A, Yamada S, Tsuji H. Accurate delineation of mucosal lesions in treatment planning computed tomography using iodine paste markers for oral mucosal melanoma. Pract Radiat Oncol 2022; 12:e278-e281. [PMID: 35150896 DOI: 10.1016/j.prro.2022.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We introduce the utility of iodine paste markers using endodontic materials for the accurate contouring of mucosal lesions of oral mucosal melanoma (OMM), which are difficult to delineate on imaging during the planning of carbon-ion radiation therapy (CIRT). The patient had a primary OMM located in the palatal mucosa without palatal or maxillary bone invasion. A dental root canal filling material, which is a calcium hydroxide/iodoform non-hardenable paste, was used as a marker. We first performed treatment planning computed tomography (CT) without an iodine paste marker for mucosal lesions. Subsequently, we placed an iodine paste marker on the palatal mucosal lesion to accurately delineate the mucosal lesions of the palate. Finally, we took reference CT with an iodine paste marker. CT without the marker was fused to the reference CT with markers during treatment planning, and the gross tumor volume (GTV) was contoured. Thereafter, CIRT was delivered without markers. During CIRT, expected acute mucositis was observed in the area of the planning target volume (PTV), including melanosis, in accordance with the dose distribution. The use of iodine paste markers for localized mucosal lesions, which are difficult to delineate on CT and MRI, may be useful for contouring GTVs on treatment planning CT accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Ikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Masashi Koto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | | | - Takashi Kaneko
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Hirotoshi Takiyama
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Makoto Shinoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Shigeru Yamada
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
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19
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Teramoto M, Mizuno T, Imoto M, Takeda M, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Synthesis of 2-Arylbenzothiazoles from Nitrobenzenes, Benzylamines, and Elemental Sulfur via Redox Cyclization. Synlett 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1737760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA sustainable advanced synthetic method was developed based on redox cyclization for the synthesis of 2-arylbenzothiazoles in good to excellent yields from readily available nitrobenzenes, benzylamines, and elemental sulfur without the use of transition-metal catalysts. This method is remarkable: nitro group reduction, a benzylamine redox reaction, sulfuration, condensation, and cyclization, all proceed in a single step to generate a heterocycle. It is also highly atom-economical and does not require any external oxidizing or reducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Teramoto
- Seika Corporation
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | | | | | | | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
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20
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Yamamoto Y, Tabuchi A, Hosono K, Ochi T, Yamazaki K, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. A two-phase bromination process using tetraalkylammonium hydroxide for the practical synthesis of α-bromolactones from lactones. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2906-2914. [PMID: 34956409 PMCID: PMC8685563 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and efficient method for α-brominating lactones that affords α-bromolactones under mild conditions using tetraalkylammonium hydroxide (R4N+OH-) as a base was developed. Lactones are ring-opened with Br2 and a substoichiometric amount of PBr3, leading to good yields of the corresponding α-bromocarboxylic acids. Subsequent intramolecular cyclization over 1 h using a two-phase system (H2O/CHCl3) containing R4N+OH- afforded α-bromo lactones in good yields. This method can be applied at the 10 mmol scale using simple operations. α-Bromo-δ-valerolactone, which is extremely reactive and difficult to isolate, could be isolated and stored in a freezer for about one week using the developed method. Optimizing the solvent for environmentally friendly large-scale syntheses revealed that methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) was as effective. In addition, in situ-generated α-bromo-δ-valerolactone was directly converted into a sulfur-substituted functional lactone without difficulty by reacting it with a sulfur nucleophile in one pot without isolation. This new bromination system is expected to facilitate the industrial use of α-bromolactones as important intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tabuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kazumi Hosono
- Nippoh Chemicals Co., Ltd. Neo Kawai Building, 8-15,4-Chome, Nihonbashi-Honchou, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103-0023, Japan
| | - Takanori Ochi
- Nippoh Chemicals Co., Ltd. Neo Kawai Building, 8-15,4-Chome, Nihonbashi-Honchou, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103-0023, Japan
| | - Kento Yamazaki
- Nippoh Chemicals Co., Ltd. Neo Kawai Building, 8-15,4-Chome, Nihonbashi-Honchou, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 103-0023, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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21
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Yamamoto Y, Ota M, Kodama S, Ueshima M, Nomoto A, Ogawa A, Furuya M, Kawakami K. Excellent Catalytic Performances of a Au/C-CuO Binary System in the Selective Oxidation of Benzylamines to Imines under Atmospheric Oxygen. ACS Omega 2021; 6:34339-34346. [PMID: 34963919 PMCID: PMC8697021 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A green method of the oxidation of benzylamines to imines was developed using a novel binary system of Au/C-CuO. This system was evaluated under atmospheric oxygen, and the corresponding imines were obtained in up to 100% yields by loading 0.006 mol % of Au/C and 1.25 mol % of CuO under mild conditions. This system was also successfully applied to the syntheses of N-containing functional molecules, as well as that of imines on the scale of several grams. Furthermore, the turnover number of the system (more than 8000 times on a gold basis) as well as its ability to be reused more than 10 times for benzylamine oxidation demonstrates the excellent durability and recyclability of the developed system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Miyuto Ota
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Michio Ueshima
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Furuya
- Science
& Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical
Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-8502, Japan
| | - Kiminori Kawakami
- Science
& Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical
Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-8502, Japan
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22
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Ohata T, Nomoto A, Watanabe T, Hirosawa I, Makita T, Takeya J, Makiura R. Uniaxially Oriented Electrically Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets Assembled at Air/Liquid Interfaces. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:54570-54578. [PMID: 34706544 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c16180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although most metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)─highly porous crystalline metal complex networks with structural and functional varieties─are electrically insulating, high electrical conduction has been recently demonstrated in MOFs while retaining permanent porosity. Usability of electronically active MOFs effectively emerges when they are created in a thin-film state as required in major potential applications such as chemiresistive sensors, supercapacitors, and electrode catalysts. Thin-film morphology including crystallinity, thickness, density, roughness, and orientation sensitively influences device performance. Fine control of such morphological parameters still remains as a main issue to be addressed. Here, we report a bottom-up procedure of assembling a conductive MOF nanosheet composed of 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene molecules and nickel ions (HITP-Ni-NS). Creation of HITP-Ni-NS is achieved by applying air/liquid (A/L) interfacial bottom-up synthesis. HITP-Ni-NS has a multilayered structure with 14 nm thickness and is endowed with high crystallinity and uniaxial orientation, demonstrated by synchrotron X-ray crystallography. Facile transferability of HITP-Ni-NS assembled at air/liquid interfaces to any desired substrate enables us to measure its electrical conductivity, recorded as 0.6 S cm-1─highest among those of triphenylene-based MOF nanosheets with a thickness lower than 100 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohata
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
| | - Takeshi Watanabe
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Ichiro Hirosawa
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tatsuyuki Makita
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Material Innovation Research Center (MIRC) and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Rie Makiura
- Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-2 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8570, Japan
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Hung VT, Tran CC, Yamamoto Y, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Clarification on the Reactivity of Diaryl Diselenides toward Hexacyclohexyldilead under Light. Molecules 2021; 26:6265. [PMID: 34684846 PMCID: PMC8541589 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the reactivity of organochalcogen compounds toward a representative alkyl-lead bond compound under light was investigated in detail. Under light irradiation, the Cy-Pb bond of Cy6Pb2 (Cy = cyclohexyl) undergoes homolytic cleavage to generate a cyclohexyl radical (Cy•). This radical can be successfully captured by diphenyl diselenide, which exhibits excellent carbon-radical-capturing ability. In the case of (PhS)2 and (PhTe)2, the yields of the corresponding cyclohexyl sulfides and tellurides were lower than that of (PhSe)2. This probably occurred due to the low carbon-radical-capturing ability of (PhS)2 and the high photosensitivity of the cyclohexyl-tellurium bond.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (V.T.H.); (C.C.T.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.)
| | | | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (V.T.H.); (C.C.T.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.)
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24
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Kodama S, Bunno K, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. trans-Bis[8-(benzylsulfanyl)quinoline-κ 2
N, S]dichloridocobalt(II). IUCrData 2021; 6:x210992. [PMID: 36340988 PMCID: PMC9462300 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314621009925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The title dichlorocobalt(II) complex has a CoII center that exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination geometry and is coordinated by two N and two S atoms from the bidentate N,S-ligand situated in the equatorial plane and two Cl atoms in the axial positions. The title dichlorocobalt(II) complex, trans-[CoCl2(1)2] [1 = 8-(benzylsulfanyl)quinoline, C16H13NS], has a central CoII atom (site symmetry ) that exhibits a distorted octahedral coordination geometry and is coordinated by two N and two S atoms from the bidentate N,S-ligand (1) situated in an equatorial plane and two Cl atoms in the axial positions. Complexes are linked by weak intermolecular C—H⋯π interactions between the 8-(benzylsulfanyl)quinoline ligands, forming a chain extending along the a-axis direction.![]()
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Sato H, Kasuya G, Ishikawa H, Nomoto A, Ono T, Nakajima M, Isozaki Y, Yamamoto N, Iwai Y, Nemoto K, Ichikawa T, Tsuji H. Long-term clinical outcomes after 12-fractionated carbon-ion radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3598-3606. [PMID: 34107139 PMCID: PMC8409298 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no clinical reports of long-term follow-up after carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) using a dose of 51.6 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]) in 12 fractions for localized prostate cancer, or of a comparison of clinical outcomes between passive and scanning beam irradiation. A total of 256 patients with localized prostate cancer who received CIRT at a dose of 51.6 Gy (RBE) in 12 fractions using two different beam delivery techniques (passive [n = 45] and scanning [n = 211]), and who were followed for more than 1 year, were analyzed. The biochemical relapse-free (bRF) rate was defined by the Phoenix definition, and the actuarial toxicity rates were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Of the 256 patients, 41 (16.0%), 111 (43.4%), and 104 (40.6%) were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk, respectively, after a median follow-up of 7.0 (range 1.1-10.4) years. Androgen deprivation therapy was performed in 212 patients (82.8%). The 5-year bRF rates of the low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients were 95.1%, 90.9%, and 91.1%, respectively. The 5-year rates of grade 2 late gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicities in all patients were 0.4% and 6.3%, respectively. No grade ≥3 toxicities were observed. There were no significant differences in the rates of bRF or grade 2 toxicities in patients who received passive irradiation versus scanning irradiation. Our long-term follow-up results showed that a CIRT regimen of 51.6 Gy (RBE) in 12 fractions for localized prostate cancer yielded a good therapeutic outcome and low toxicity rates irrespective of the beam delivery technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiraku Sato
- Department of Radiation OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Goro Kasuya
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Takashi Ono
- Department of Radiation OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Mio Nakajima
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Yuka Isozaki
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
| | - Yuma Iwai
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
- Department of RadiologyGraduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Kenji Nemoto
- Department of Radiation OncologyFaculty of MedicineYamagata UniversityYamagataJapan
| | - Tomohiko Ichikawa
- Department of UrologyGraduate School of MedicineChiba UniversityChibaJapan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- Quantum Medical Science DirectorateNational Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology (formerly the National Institute of Radiological Science Hospital)QST HospitalChibaJapan
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26
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Nomoto A, Okada T, Yamamoto Y, Kuroda S, Marui K, Yamamoto M, Tsujimoto H, Ueshima M, Nishigahana T, Itoh K, Kobata G, Kodama S, Ogawa A. Oxidative Synthesis of Acid Blue 7 Dye Catalyzed by CuO/Silicotungstic Acid in Water-Phase. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14164505. [PMID: 34443027 PMCID: PMC8400946 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A catalytic oxidation reaction for Acid Blue 7 dye synthesis was evaluated in water. Without lead oxide or manganese oxide derivatives as oxidants, polyoxometalate catalysts were investigated to reduce the usage of harmful heavy metal. A catalyst was prepared by mixing silicotungstic acid with copper oxide, and aqueous hydrogen peroxide (30%) was used as an oxidizing agent. This reaction proceeded to produce Acid Blue 7 from the corresponding leuco acid after 45 min at 95 °C and was viable for a 10 g-scale synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-72-254-9295
| | - Tomoya Okada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Shota Kuroda
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Kuniaki Marui
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Mika Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Hidetaka Tsujimoto
- Environmental and Materials Chemistry, Department of Technological Systems, Osaka Prefecture University College of Technology, 26-12 Saiwai-cho, Neyagawa-shi, Osaka 572-8572, Japan;
| | - Michio Ueshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Tamotsu Nishigahana
- Kobata Sangyo Co., Ltd., 1-6-22 Kyomachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0003, Japan; (T.N.); (K.I.); (G.K.)
| | - Keiji Itoh
- Kobata Sangyo Co., Ltd., 1-6-22 Kyomachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0003, Japan; (T.N.); (K.I.); (G.K.)
| | - Gohei Kobata
- Kobata Sangyo Co., Ltd., 1-6-22 Kyomachibori, Nishi-ku, Osaka 550-0003, Japan; (T.N.); (K.I.); (G.K.)
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); (K.M.); (M.Y.); (M.U.); (S.K.); (A.O.)
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27
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Kodama S, Yamamoto Y, Kobiki Y, Matsubara H, Tran CC, Kawaguchi SI, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Diarylation of Isocyanides with Triarylbismuthines for the Selective Synthesis of Imine Derivatives. Materials (Basel) 2021; 14:ma14154271. [PMID: 34361465 PMCID: PMC8348920 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The transition-metal-catalyzed diarylation of isocyanides with triarylbismuthines was investigated in detail, and rhodium catalysts such as [RhCl(nbd)]2 were found to selectively afford N-alkyl diaryl ketimines. On the other hand, palladium-catalyzed diarylation proceeded with the incorporation of two molecules of isocyanide, preferentially yielding N,N’-dialkyl or N,N’-diaryl α-diimines. In addition, a cascade synthesis of 2,3-diarylquinoxalines starting from the palladium-catalyzed diarylation of isocyanides with triarylbismuthines was successfully achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Yohsuke Kobiki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Hitomi Matsubara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Cong Chi Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Shin-ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
- Correspondence: (S.-i.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.Y.); (Y.K.); (H.M.); (C.C.T.); (A.N.)
- Correspondence: (S.-i.K.); (A.O.)
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28
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Yamamoto Y, Kodama S, Nishimura R, Nomoto A, Ueshima M, Ogawa A. One-Pot Construction of Diverse β-Lactam Scaffolds via the Green Oxidation of Amines and Its Application to the Diastereoselective Synthesis of β-Amino Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11571-11582. [PMID: 34319738 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a simple one-pot construction of β-lactam scaffolds was successfully achieved via 4,6-dihydroxysalicylic acid-catalyzed organocatalytic oxidation of amines to imines using molecular oxygen. Although some imines are highly unstable and difficult to isolate by conventional methods, the organocatalytic oxidation of amines described herein, followed by their direct reaction with acyl chlorides in the presence of a base, afforded a series of new β-lactam derivatives with excellent cis selectivity, which could not be synthesized and isolated by previously reported methods. Thus, this one-pot protocol will be one of the powerful methods applicable to the synthesis of various potential drug candidates and functional molecules. Furthermore, the subsequent hydrolysis of these β-lactams successfully afforded the corresponding β-amino acids as almost single diastereomers in up to 99% yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Riku Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Michio Ueshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Tran DP, Sato Y, Yamamoto Y, Kawaguchi SI, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Photoinduced selective hydrophosphinylation of allylic compounds with diphenylphosphine oxide leading to γ-functionalized P-ligand precursors. Res Chem Intermed 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Teramoto M, Mizuno T, Imoto M, Takeda M, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Sulfur-Promoted Redox Cyclization of 2,2′-Dinitrodiphenyl Disulfides and Benzylamines. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1430-5100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThis study aims to develop green and sustainable advanced synthetic methods based on redox cyclization. Elemental sulfur is shown to promote the efficient synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles from 2,2′-dinitrodiphenyl disulfides and benzylamines via redox cyclization in the absence of transition-metal catalysts and solvents. The 2-substituted benzothiazoles are obtained in good to excellent yields. This synthetic methodology is highly atom-economical and does not require any external oxidizing and/or reducing agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Teramoto
- Seika Corporation
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | | | | | | | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University
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Tran DP, Sato Y, Yamamoto Y, Kawaguchi SI, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Highly regio- and stereoselective phosphinylphosphination of terminal alkynes with tetraphenyldiphosphine monoxide under radical conditions. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:866-872. [PMID: 33968259 PMCID: PMC8077611 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The homolytic cleavage of the PV(O)–PIII bond in tetraphenyldiphosphine monoxide simultaneously provides both pentavalent and trivalent phosphorus-centered radicals with different reactivities. The method using V-40 as an initiator is successfully investigated for the regio- and stereoselective phosphinylphosphination of terminal alkynes giving the corresponding trans-isomers of 1-diphenylphosphinyl-2-diphenylthiophosphinyl-1-alkenes in good yields. The protocol can be applied to a wide variety of terminal alkynes including both alkyl- and arylalkynes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dat Phuc Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Narumi A, Rachi R, Yamazaki H, Kawaguchi S, Kikuchi M, Konno H, Osaki T, Okamoto Y, Shen X, Kakuchi T, Kataoka H, Nomoto A, Yoshimura T, Yano S. Maltotriose-Chlorin e6 Conjugate Linked via Tetraethyleneglycol as an Advanced Photosensitizer for Photodynamic Therapy. Synthesis and Antitumor Activities against Canine and Mouse Mammary Carcinoma Cells. ACS Omega 2021; 6:7023-7033. [PMID: 33748616 PMCID: PMC7970547 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugated chlorins represent a promising class of compounds that meet the requirements for the third-generation photosensitizer (PS) for photodynamic therapy (PDT). We have focused on the use of glucose (Glc) to improve the performance of the PS based on the Warburg effect-a phenomenon where tumors consume higher Glc levels than normal cells. However, as a matter of fact, Glc-conjugation has a poor efficacy in hydrophilic modification; thus, the resultant PS is not suitable for intravenous injection. In this study, a Glc-based oligosaccharide, such as maltotriose (Mal3), is conjugated to chlorin e6 (Ce6). The conjugation is assisted by two additional molecular tools, such as propargyl amine and a tetraethylene glycol (TEG) derivative. This route produced the target Mal3-Ce6 conjugate linked via the TEG spacer (Mal3-TEG-Ce6), which shows the required photoabsorption properties in the physiological media. The PDT test using canine mammary carcinoma (SNP) cells suggested that the antitumor activity of Mal3-TEG-Ce6 is extremely high. Furthermore, in vitro tests against mouse mammary carcinoma (EMT6) cells have been demonstrated, providing insights into the photocytotoxicity, subcellular localization, and analysis of cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation for the PDT system with Mal3-TEG-Ce6. Both apoptosis and necrosis of the EMT6 cells occur by ROS that is generated via the photochemical reaction between Mal3-TEG-Ce6 and molecular oxygen. Consequently, Mal3-TEG-Ce6 is shown to be a PS showing the currently desired properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Narumi
- Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Rioko Rachi
- Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiromi Yamazaki
- Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Seigou Kawaguchi
- Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Moriya Kikuchi
- Faculty
of Engineering, Yamagata University, Jonan 4-3-16, Yonezawa 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata
University, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Joint
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Xiande Shen
- Research
Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Research
Center for Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Weixing Road 7989, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department
of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya
City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Yoshimura
- KYOUSEI
Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara
Women’s University, Kitauoyahigashi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI
Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara
Women’s University, Kitauoyahigashi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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Ono T, Yamamoto N, Nomoto A, Nakajima M, Yamada S, Tsuji H. P05.07 Single-Fraction Carbon ion Radiotherapy for Patients with Early-Stage Lung Cancer with or without Interstitial Pneumonitis. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hayashi K, Yamamoto N, Nakajima M, Nomoto A, Ishikawa H, Ogawa K, Tsuji H. Carbon-ion radiotherapy for octogenarians with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Jpn J Radiol 2021; 39:703-709. [PMID: 33608792 PMCID: PMC8255258 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-021-01101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The clinical significance of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for octogenarians with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (LA-NSCLC) remains unclear. We aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of CIRT alone for octogenarians with LA-NSCLC. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated 32 patients who underwent CIRT alone between 1997 and 2015. The median age was 82.0 years (range, 80-88 years). In terms of clinical stage (UICC 7th edition), 7 (21.9%), 10 (31.3%), 11 (34.4%), and 4 (12.5%) patients had stage IIA, IIB, IIIA, and ΙΙΙB disease, respectively. The median CIRT dose was 72.0 Gy (relative biological effectiveness), and the median follow-up period was 33.1 months. RESULTS All patients successfully completed CIRT. Regarding grade ≥ 2 toxicities, 1 (3.1%), 3 (9.4%), and 4 (0.7%) patients developed grade 3 radiation pneumonitis, grade 2 radiation pneumonitis, and grade 2 dermatitis, respectively. No grade ≥ 4 toxicities were observed. The 2 year LC, PFS, and OS rates were 83.5%, 46.7%, and 68.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION CIRT alone is safe and effective for octogenarians with LA-NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiko Hayashi
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan.
| | - Mio Nakajima
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba, 263-8555, Japan
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Kataoka H, Nishie H, Tanaka M, Sasaki M, Nomoto A, Osaki T, Okamoto Y, Yano S. Potential of Photodynamic Therapy Based on Sugar-Conjugated Photosensitizers. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10040841. [PMID: 33670714 PMCID: PMC7922816 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10040841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2015, the Japanese health insurance approved the use of a second-generation photodynamic therapy (PDT) using talaporfin sodium (TS); however, its cancer cell selectivity and antitumor effects of TS PDT are not comprehensive. The Warburg effect describes the elevated rate of glycolysis in cancer cells, despite the presence of sufficient oxygen. Because cancer cells absorb considerable amounts of glucose, they are visible using positron emission tomography (PET). We developed a third-generation PDT based on the Warburg effect by synthesizing novel photosensitizers (PSs) in the form of sugar-conjugated chlorins. Glucose-conjugated (tetrafluorophenyl) chlorin (G-chlorin) PDT revealed significantly stronger antitumor effects than TS PDT and induced immunogenic cell death (ICD). ICD induced by PDT enhances cancer immunity, and a combination therapy of PDT and immune checkpoint blockers is expected to synergize antitumor effects. Mannose-conjugated (tetrafluorophenyl) chlorin (M-chlorin) PDT, which targets cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), also shows strong antitumor effects. Finally, we synthesized a glucose-conjugated chlorin e6 (SC-N003HP) that showed 10,000-50,000 times stronger antitumor effects than TS (IC50) in vitro, and it was rapidly metabolized and excreted. In this review, we discuss the potential and the future of next-generation cancer cell-selective PDT and describe three types of sugar-conjugated PSs expected to be clinically developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.N.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hirotada Nishie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.N.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Mamoru Tanaka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.N.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Makiko Sasaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan; (H.N.); (M.T.); (M.S.)
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;
| | - Tomohiro Osaki
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.O.)
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, Tottori 680-8553, Japan; (T.O.); (Y.O.)
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women’s University, Kitauoyahigashi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan;
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Yamamoto Y, Ota M, Kodama S, Michimoto K, Nomoto A, Ogawa A, Furuya M, Kawakami K. Au/Ag/Cu-Mixed Catalysts for the Eco-Friendly Oxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Related Compounds to Carboxylic Acids under Atmospheric Oxygen in Water. ACS Omega 2021; 6:2239-2247. [PMID: 33521463 PMCID: PMC7841932 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A green method for the oxidation of alcohols to carboxylic acids was developed using a novel co-catalytic system based on gold, silver, and copper catalysts. This reaction system was conducted under atmospheric oxygen in water and mild conditions to selectively oxidize 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, as a building block for polyethylene furanoate, which is a 100% bio-based, future alternative to the petroleum-based polyethylene terephthalate. Furthermore, various primary alcohols were conveniently oxidized to their corresponding carboxylic acids in up to quantitative yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Miyuto Ota
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Kazuki Michimoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsunori Furuya
- Science
& Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical
Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-8502, Japan
| | - Kiminori Kawakami
- Science
& Innovation Center, Mitsubishi Chemical
Corporation, 1000 Kamoshida-cho, Aoba-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa 227-8502, Japan
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Soyama T, Sakuragi A, Oishi D, Kimura Y, Aoki H, Nomoto A, Yano S, Nishie H, Kataoka H, Aoyama M. Photodynamic therapy exploiting the anti-tumor activity of mannose-conjugated chlorin e6 reduced M2-like tumor-associated macrophages. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101005. [PMID: 33401079 PMCID: PMC7785959 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
M2-like tumor-associated macrophages (M2-TAMs) in cancer tissues are intimately involved in cancer immunosuppression in addition to growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Hence, considerable attention has been focused on cancer immunotherapies targeting M2-TAMs. However, systemic therapies inhibit TAMs as well as other macrophages important for normal immune responses throughout the body. To stimulate tumor immunity with fewer side effects, we targeted M2-TAMs using photodynamic therapy (PDT), which damages cells via a nontoxic photosensitizer with harmless laser irradiation. We synthesized a light-sensitive compound, mannose-conjugated chlorin e6 (M-chlorin e6), which targets mannose receptors highly expressed on M2-TAMs. M-chlorin e6 accumulated more in tumor tissue than normal skin tissue of syngeneic model mice and was more rapidly excreted than the second-generation photosensitizer talaporfin sodium. Furthermore, M-chlorin e6 PDT significantly reduced the volume and weight of tumor tissue. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that M-chlorin e6 PDT decreased the proportion of M2-TAMs and increased that of anti-tumor macrophages, M1-like TAMs. M-chlorin e6 PDT also directly damaged and killed cancer cells in vitro. Our data indicate that M-chlorin e6 is a promising new therapeutic agent for cancer PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Soyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Akira Sakuragi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Daisuke Oishi
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yuka Kimura
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Aoki
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women's University, Kitauoya-Higashimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Hirotada Nishie
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kataoka
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Mineyoshi Aoyama
- Department of Pathobiology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
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Nomoto A, Yamaguchi H, Masuda M, Hyakumura K, Kodama S, Osaki T, Okamoto Y, Tanaka M, Kataoka H, Narumi A, Yoshimura T, Yano S, Ogawa A. Large-Scale Synthesis of Thio-glucose-Conjugated Chlorin e6 for Photodynamic Therapy. HETEROCYCLES 2021. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-s(k)73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Shimizu A, Maeda K, Wakabayashi H, Nishioka S, Ohno T, Nomoto A, Kayashita J, Fujishima I. Sarcopenic Dysphagia with Low Tongue Pressure Is Associated with Worsening of Swallowing, Nutritional Status, and Activities of Daily Living. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:883-888. [PMID: 34409966 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1641-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES According to the recently proposed diagnostic criteria for sarcopenic dysphagia, sarcopenic dysphagia can be classified as probable or possible based on tongue pressure. However, it is unclear whether patients with probable and possible sarcopenic dysphagia have different characteristics. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether patients with possible and probable sarcopenic dysphagia have different clinical characteristics. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING A rehabilitation hospital. PARTICIPANTS In total, 129 patients aged ≥65 years with sarcopenic dysphagia were included. METHODS A tongue pressure of <20 kPa was indicative of probable sarcopenic dysphagia, and a tongue pressure of ≥20 kPa was indicative of possible sarcopenic dysphagia. Kuchi-Kara Taberu (KT) index scores were compared between the probable or possible sarcopenic dysphagia groups. RESULTS According to the tongue pressure, 76 and 53 patients were classified into the probable and possible sarcopenic dysphagia groups, respectively. In multiple linear regression analysis, the presence of probable sarcopenic dysphagia was independently associated with the total KT index score (standardized coefficient: -0.313, regression coefficient: -4.500, 95% confidence interval [CI], -6.920 to -2.080, P < 0.001). The presence of probable sarcopenic dysphagia was independently associated with some subitems of the KT index (willingness to eat, cognitive function while eating, oral preparatory and propulsive phase, severity of pharyngeal dysphagia, eating behavior, and daily living activities). CONCLUSIONS Patients with probable sarcopenic dysphagia were characterized by poor overall eating-related conditions, especially poor swallowing ability, ability to perform activities of daily living, and nutritional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shimizu
- Keisuke Maeda, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan, Phone: +81-562-46-2311; Fax: +81-562-44-8518, E-mail:
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Ono T, Yamamoto N, Nomoto A, Nakajima M, Isozaki Y, Kasuya G, Ishikawa H, Nemoto K, Tsuji H. Long Term Results of Single-Fraction Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 13:cancers13010112. [PMID: 33396455 PMCID: PMC7795673 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary There were no reports on long-term results of single-fraction passive carbon-ion radiotherapy in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. We showed that this treatment was not inferior compared to stereotactic body radiotherapy or proton beam therapy with no ≥grade 2 pneumonitis. This study suggests that single-fraction passive carbon-ion radiotherapy can serve as an alternate treatment for patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer, especially in medically inoperable patients. Abstract Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-fraction carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed non-small cell lung cancer, stage T1-2N0M0, and treated with single-fraction CIRT (50Gy (relative biological effectiveness)) between June 2011 and April 2016 were identified in our database and retrospectively analyzed. Toxicity was evaluated using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: The study included 57 patients, 22 (38.6%) of whom had inoperable cancer. The median age was 75 years (range: 42–94 years), and the median follow-up time was 61 months (range: 6–97 months). The 3- and 5-year overall survival rates were 91.2% and 81.7%, respectively. All survivors were followed up for more than three years. The 3- and 5-year local control rates were 96.4% and 91.8%, respectively. No case of ≥ grade 2 pneumonitis was recorded. Conclusions: This study suggests that single-fraction CIRT for T1-2N0M0 non-small cell lung cancer patients is feasible and can be considered as one of the treatment choices, especially in medically inoperable patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ono
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-43-206-3181; Fax: +81-43-206-3188
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Mio Nakajima
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Yuka Isozaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Goro Kasuya
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Hitoshi Ishikawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
| | - Kenji Nemoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-Nishi, Yamagata 990-9585, Japan;
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- Department of Radiation Oncology, QST Hospital, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage-ku, Chiba-shi, Chiba 263-8555, Japan; (N.Y.); (A.N.); (M.N.); (Y.I.); (G.K.); (H.I.); (H.T.)
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41
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Teramoto M, Imoto M, Takeda M, Mizuno T, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of 2-Substituted Benzothiazoles from Nitrobenzenes, Methylheteroaryl Compounds, and Elemental Sulfur, Based on Nitro-Methyl Redox-Neutral Cyclization. J Org Chem 2020; 85:15213-15220. [PMID: 33147021 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Greener and more sustainable chemical processes are required to address increasing environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. This paper aims to develop greener and more sustainable modern synthetic chemical processes using redox-neutral cyclization. Redox-neutral cyclization has been shown to promote the efficient synthesis of 2-substituted benzothiazoles from easily available nitrobenzenes, methyl-heteroaryl compounds, and elemental sulfur in the absence of transition-metal catalysts. The 2-substituted benzothiazoles were obtained in reasonable yields through the sulfuration of electron-deficient C-H bonds with elemental sulfur. This synthetic methodology also affords a high atom economy without the use of any external oxidizing and/or reducing reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahiro Teramoto
- Seika Corporation, 1660-627, Nishihama, Wakayama 641-0036, Japan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Imoto
- Seika Corporation, 1660-627, Nishihama, Wakayama 641-0036, Japan
| | - Motonori Takeda
- Seika Corporation, 1660-627, Nishihama, Wakayama 641-0036, Japan
| | - Takumi Mizuno
- Seika Corporation, 1660-627, Nishihama, Wakayama 641-0036, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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42
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Yamamoto Y, Tanaka R, Ota M, Nishimura M, Tran CC, Kawaguchi SI, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Photoinduced Syntheses and Reactivities of Phosphorus-Containing Interelement Compounds. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14708-14719. [PMID: 33112141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The photoinduced reactions of tetraphenyldiphosphine disulfide with a range of organic dichalcogenides successfully afforded a series of phosphorus(V)-chalcogen interelement compounds via a radical process. The relative reactivities of the organic dichalcogenides (i.e., (PhS)2, (PhSe)2, and (PhTe)2) toward the PIII or PV groups in the diphosphine analogues under light were investigated in detail, and a convenient method was developed to form P-S or P-Se interelement compounds from tetraphenyldiphosphine disulfide and (PhS)2 or (PhSe)2 upon photoirradiation. Furthermore, the relative photochemical properties and reactivities of tetraphenyldiphophine (P-P interelement compound) and its analogues toward photoinduced radical addition reactions were also discussed. The formed P-E (E = S, Se) interelement compounds could be utilized for ionic reactions, and they could be transformed into various phosphine reagents via one-pot processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Miyuto Ota
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Misaki Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Cong Chi Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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43
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Yamamoto Y, Kawaguchi SI, Nishimura M, Sato Y, Shimada Y, Tabuchi A, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Phosphorus-Recycling Wittig Reaction: Design and Facile Synthesis of a Fluorous Phosphine and Its Reusable Process in the Wittig Reaction. J Org Chem 2020; 85:14684-14696. [PMID: 33166463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c01926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study shows that phosphorus sources can be recycled using the appropriate fluorous phosphine in the Wittig reaction. The designed fluorous phosphine, which has an ethylene spacer between its phosphorus atom and the perfluoroalkyl group, was synthesized from air-stable phosphine reagents. The synthesized phosphine can be used for the Wittig reaction process to obtain various alkenes in adequate yields and stereoselectivity. The concomitantly formed fluorous phosphine oxide was extracted from the reaction mixture using a fluorous biphasic system. The fluorous phosphine was regenerated by reducing the fluorous phosphine oxide with diisobutylaluminum hydride. Finally, a series of gram scale phosphorus recycling processes were performed, which included the Wittig reaction, separation, reduction, and reuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Misaki Nishimura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Shimada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Tabuchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Abstract
Iodine is an element that exhibits characteristic features of heavy halogen, and
several compounds containing iodine constitute important synthetic intermediates due to
synthetically easy manipulation. To utilize iodine units for organic synthesis, a highly regio-
and stereoselective introduction of iodine to versatile building blocks is significant,
and a lot of research works for the selective introduction of iodine to alkynes or alkenes
have been conducted. In this review article, we describe regio- and stereoselective hydroiodination
to multiple bonds of building blocks, and its synthetic applications as key
intermediates to construct several important compounds in organic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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Tran CC, Kawaguchi SI, Sato F, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Photoinduced Cyclizations of o-Diisocyanoarenes with Organic Diselenides and Thiols that Afford Chalcogenated Quinoxalines. J Org Chem 2020; 85:7258-7266. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chi Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 152-1 Shonan-cho, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan
| | - Fumiya Sato
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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46
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Kodama S, Kondo S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Tris(4,4′-di- tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine)( trans-4- tert-butylcyclohexanolato)deca-μ-oxido-heptaoxidoheptavanadium acetonitrile monosolvate including another unknown solvent molecule. IUCr Data 2020; 5:x200449. [PMID: 36338301 PMCID: PMC9462217 DOI: 10.1107/s2414314620004496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The title heptanuclear alkoxido(oxido)vanadium(V) oxide cluster complex, [V7(C10H19O)O17(C18H24N2)3]·CH3CN, has a V7O18N6 core with approximately Cs symmetry, which is composed of two VO4 tetrahedra, two VO6 octahedra and three VO4N2 octahedra. The title heptanuclear alkoxido(oxido)vanadium(V) oxide cluster complex, [V7(C10H19O)O17(C18H24N2)3]·CH3CN, was obtained by the reaction of [V8O20(C18H24N2)4] with 4-tert-butylcyclohexanol (mixture of cis and trans) in a mixed CHCl3/CH3CN solvent. The complex has a V7O18N6 core with approximately Cs symmetry, which is composed of two VO4 tetrahedra, two VO6 octahedra and three VO4N2 octahedra. In the crystal, these complexes are linked together by weak intermolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-bipyridine ligand and the V7O18N6 core, forming a one-dimensional network along the c-axis direction. Besides the complex, the asymmetric unit contains one CH3CN solvent molecule. The contribution of other disordered solvent molecules to the scattering was removed using the SQUEEZE option in PLATON [Spek (2015 ▸). Acta Cryst. C71, 9–18]. The unknown solvent molecules are not considered in the chemical formula and other crystal data.![]()
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47
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Anzai M, Yamamoto N, Hayashi K, Nakajima M, Nomoto A, Ogawa K, Tsuji H. Safety and Efficacy of Carbon-ion Radiotherapy Alone for Stage III Non-small Cell Lung Cancer. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:379-386. [PMID: 31892590 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM We evaluated the efficacy and safety of carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) alone for Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Data of 65 patients (median age=73 years) with Stage III NSCLC who underwent CIRT alone in the QST Hospital, Chiba, Japan, between 1997 and 2015 were retrospectively analysed. The median dose was 72.0 Gy (relative biological effectiveness). RESULTS The median follow-up was 27.6 months (range=1.6-207.7 months). Two-year local control, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 73.9%, 38.6%, and 54.9%, respectively. Overall, 1 (2%), 4 (6%), and 1 (2%) patient developed Grade 4 (mediastinal haemorrhage), Grade 3 (radiation pneumonitis), and Grade 3 (bronchial fistula) toxicities, respectively. On univariate analysis, clinical T and N stage and CIRT timing were significant predictors of PFS and OS; clinical target volume was a significant predictor of PFS. CONCLUSION CIRT alone is effective with acceptable toxicity for Stage III NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Anzai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Osaka Heavy Ion Therapy Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Naoyoshi Yamamoto
- The QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan .,Osaka Heavy Ion Therapy Center, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mio Nakajima
- The QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- The QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Ogawa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tsuji
- The QST Hospital, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan
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Narumi A, Nakazawa T, Shinohara K, Kato H, Iwaki Y, Okimoto H, Kikuchi M, Kawaguchi S, Hino S, Ikeda A, Shaykoon MSA, Shen X, Duan Q, Kakuchi T, Yasuhara K, Nomoto A, Mikata Y, Yano S. C 60 Fullerene with Tetraethylene Glycols as a Well-defined Soluble Building Block and Saccharide-conjugation Producing PDT Photosensitizer. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Narumi
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsufumi Nakazawa
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kosuke Shinohara
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Iwaki
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Haruya Okimoto
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Moriya Kikuchi
- Faculty of Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Seigou Kawaguchi
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Shodai Hino
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan
| | | | - Xiande Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Qian Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Kazuma Yasuhara
- Division of Materials Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama-cho, Ikoma, Nara 630-0192, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuji Mikata
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women’s University, Kitauohigashimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yano
- KYOUSEI Science Center for Life and Nature, Nara Women’s University, Kitauohigashimachi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
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49
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Tran CC, Kawaguchi SI, Kobiki Y, Matsubara H, Tran DP, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ogawa A. Palladium-Catalyzed Diarylation of Isocyanides with Tetraarylleads for the Selective Synthesis of Imines and α-Diimines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11741-11751. [PMID: 31432680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Using tetraaryllead compounds (PbAr4) as arylating reagents, isocyanides undergo selective diarylation in the presence of palladium catalysts such as Pd(OAc)2 or Pd(PPh3)4 to afford imines and/or α-diimines based on the isocyanide employed. With aliphatic isocyanides, imines are obtained preferentially, whereas α-diimines are formed in the case of electron-rich aromatic isocyanides. The differences in imine/α-diimine selectivity can be attributed to the stability of imidoylpalladium intermediates formed in this catalytic reaction. Compared with other arylating reagents, tetraaryllead compounds are excellent candidates for use in the selective transformations to imines and/or α-diimines, especially in terms of inhibiting the oligomerization of isocyanides, which results in a lower product selectivity in many transition-metal-catalyzed reactions of isocyanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Chi Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kawaguchi
- Center for Education and Research in Agricultural Innovation, Faculty of Agriculture , Saga University , 152-1 Shonan-cho Karatsu , Saga 847-0021 , Japan
| | - Yohsuke Kobiki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Hitomi Matsubara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Dat Phuc Tran
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Osaka Prefecture University , 1-1 Gakuen-cho , Nakaku, Sakai , Osaka 599-8531 , Japan
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50
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Dong CP, Uematsu A, Kumazawa S, Yamamoto Y, Kodama S, Nomoto A, Ueshima M, Ogawa A. 2,4,6-Trihydroxybenzoic Acid-Catalyzed Oxidative Ugi Reactions with Molecular Oxygen via Homo- and Cross-Coupling of Amines. J Org Chem 2019; 84:11562-11571. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-ping Dong
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akinori Uematsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shun Kumazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Shintaro Kodama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nomoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Michio Ueshima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Akiya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Nakaku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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