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Henares D, Lo SW, Perez-Argüello A, Redin A, Ciruela P, Garcia-Garcia JJ, Brotons P, Yuste J, Sá-Leão R, Muñoz-Almagro C. Comparison of next generation technologies and bioinformatics pipelines for capsular typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Clin Microbiol 2023; 61:e0074123. [PMID: 38092657 PMCID: PMC10729682 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00741-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing (WGS)-based approaches for pneumococcal capsular typing have become an alternative to serological methods. In silico serotyping from WGS has not yet been applied to long-read sequences produced by third-generation technologies. The objective of the study was to determine the capsular types of pneumococci causing invasive disease in Catalonia (Spain) using serological typing and WGS and to compare the performance of different bioinformatics pipelines using short- and long-read data from WGS. All invasive pneumococcal pediatric isolates collected in Hospital Sant Joan de Déu (Barcelona) from 2013 to 2019 were included. Isolates were assigned a capsular type by serological testing based on anticapsular antisera and by different WGS-based pipelines: Illumina sequencing followed by serotyping with PneumoCaT, SeroBA, and Pathogenwatch vs MinION-ONT sequencing coupled with serotyping by Pathogenwatch from pneumococcal assembled genomes. A total of 119 out of 121 pneumococcal isolates were available for sequencing. Twenty-nine different serotypes were identified by serological typing, with 24F (n = 17; 14.3%), 14 (n = 10; 8.4%), and 15B/C (n = 8; 6.7%) being the most common serotypes. WGS-based pipelines showed initial concordance with serological typing (>91% of accuracy). The main discrepant results were found at the serotype level within a serogroup: 6A/B, 6C/D, 9A/V, 11A/D, and 18B/C. Only one discrepancy at the serogroup level was observed: serotype 29 by serological testing and serotype 35B/D by all WGS-based pipelines. Thus, bioinformatics WGS-based pipelines, including those using third-generation sequencing, are useful for pneumococcal capsular assignment. Possible discrepancies between serological typing and WGS-based approaches should be considered in pneumococcal capsular-type surveillance studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desiree Henares
- Department of RDI Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephanie W. Lo
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
- Milner Center for Evolution, Life Sciences Department, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom
| | - Amaresh Perez-Argüello
- Department of RDI Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Redin
- Department of RDI Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pilar Ciruela
- CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Surveillance and Public Health Emergency Response, Public Health Agency of Catalonia (ASPCAT), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Garcia-Garcia
- CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pedro Brotons
- Department of RDI Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Yuste
- Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory, National Center for Microbiology, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER of Respiratory Diseases (CIBERES), Instituto de salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Sá-Leão
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology of Human Pathogens, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Department of RDI Microbiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Center for Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
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Ciruela P, Soldevila N, García-Garcia JJ, González-Peris S, Díaz-Conradi A, Redin A, Viñado B, Izquierdo C, Muñoz-Almagro C, Domínguez A. Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children, Catalonia, Spain. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:2321-2325. [PMID: 36220135 PMCID: PMC9622259 DOI: 10.3201/eid2811.211741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We analyzed the effect of COVID-19 on healthcare demand and invasive pneumococcal disease in children in Catalonia, Spain. Compared with 2018–2019, we noted large reductions in healthcare activities and incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in 2020. These changes likely resulted from nonpharmaceutical measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Rocafort M, Henares D, Brotons P, Launes C, Fernandez de Sevilla M, Fumado V, Barrabeig I, Arias S, Redin A, Ponomarenko J, Mele M, Millat-Martinez P, Claverol J, Balanza N, Mira A, Garcia-Garcia JJ, Bassat Q, Jordan I, Muñoz-Almagro C. Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota of Children and Adults Self-Confined at Home. Viruses 2022; 14:v14071521. [PMID: 35891502 PMCID: PMC9315980 DOI: 10.3390/v14071521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased incidence of COVID-19 cases and deaths in Spain in March 2020 led to the declaration by the Spanish government of a state of emergency imposing strict confinement measures on the population. The objective of this study was to characterize the nasopharyngeal microbiota of children and adults and its relation to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity during the pandemic lockdown in Spain. This cross-sectional study included family households located in metropolitan Barcelona, Spain, with one adult with a previous confirmed COVID-19 episode and one or more exposed co-habiting child contacts. Nasopharyngeal swabs were used to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection status, characterize the nasopharyngeal microbiota and determine common respiratory DNA/RNA viral co-infections. A total of 173 adult cases and 470 exposed children were included. Overall, a predominance of Corynebacterium and Dolosigranulum and a limited abundance of common pathobionts including Haemophilus and Streptococcus were found both among adults and children. Children with current SARS-CoV-2 infection presented higher bacterial richness and increased Fusobacterium, Streptococcus and Prevotella abundance than non-infected children. Among adults, persistent SARS-CoV-2 RNA was associated with an increased abundance of an unclassified member of the Actinomycetales order. COVID-19 severity was associated with increased Staphylococcus and reduced Dolosigranulum abundance. The stringent COVID-19 lockdown in Spain had a significant impact on the nasopharyngeal microbiota of children, reflected in the limited abundance of common respiratory pathobionts and the predominance of Corynebacterium, regardless of SARS-CoV-2 detection. COVID-19 severity in adults was associated with decreased nasopharynx levels of healthy commensal bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muntsa Rocafort
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
| | - Desiree Henares
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
| | - Pedro Brotons
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Medicine Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Launes
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mariona Fernandez de Sevilla
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Fumado
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Barrabeig
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, Department of Health, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Arias
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (P.M.-M.); (N.B.)
| | - Alba Redin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- Medicine Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julia Ponomarenko
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08002 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Mele
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Millat-Martinez
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (P.M.-M.); (N.B.)
| | - Joana Claverol
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
| | - Nuria Balanza
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (P.M.-M.); (N.B.)
| | - Alex Mira
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Department of Health and Genomics, Center for Advanced Research in Public Health, Fundacion para el Fomento de la Investigacion Sanitaria y Biomedica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan J. Garcia-Garcia
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quique Bassat
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (P.M.-M.); (N.B.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Manhiça Maputo 1929, Mozambique
| | - Iolanda Jordan
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (M.R.); (D.H.); (P.B.); (C.L.); (M.F.d.S.); (V.F.); (A.R.); (M.M.); (J.C.); (J.J.G.-G.); (I.J.)
- CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (I.B.); (A.M.); (Q.B.)
- Medicine Department, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-673302405; Fax: +34-932803626
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Brotons P, Jordan I, Bassat Q, Henares D, Fernandez de Sevilla M, Ajanovic S, Redin A, Fumado V, Baro B, Claverol J, Varo R, Cuadras D, Hecht J, Barrabeig I, Garcia-Garcia JJ, Launes C, Muñoz-Almagro C. The Positive Rhinovirus/Enterovirus Detection and SARS-CoV-2 Persistence beyond the Acute Infection Phase: An Intra-Household Surveillance Study. Viruses 2021; 13:v13081598. [PMID: 34452462 PMCID: PMC8402816 DOI: 10.3390/v13081598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to assess the duration of nasopharyngeal severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA persistence in adults self-confined at home after acute infection; and to identify the associations of SARS-CoV-2 persistence with respiratory virus co-detection and infection transmission. A cross-sectional intra-household study was conducted in metropolitan Barcelona (Spain) during the time period of April to June 2020. Every adult who was the first family member reported as SARS-CoV-2-positive by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as their household child contacts had nasopharyngeal swabs tested by a targeted SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR and a multiplex viral respiratory panel after a 15 day minimum time lag. Four-hundred and four households (404 adults and 708 children) were enrolled. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 137 (33.9%) adults and 84 (11.9%) children. Rhinovirus/Enterovirus (RV/EV) was commonly found (83.3%) in co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 in adults. The mean duration of SARS-CoV-2 RNA presence in adults’ nasopharynx was 52 days (range 26–83 days). The persistence of SARS-CoV-2 was significantly associated with RV/EV co-infection (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 9.31; 95% CI 2.57–33.80) and SARS-CoV-2 detection in child contacts (aOR 2.08; 95% CI 1.24–3.51). Prolonged nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 RNA persistence beyond the acute infection phase was frequent in adults quarantined at home during the first epidemic wave; which was associated with RV/EV co-infection and could enhance intra-household infection transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brotons
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
| | - Iolanda Jordan
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quique Bassat
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça (CISM), Manhiça 1929, Mozambique
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Desiree Henares
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
| | - Mariona Fernandez de Sevilla
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Ajanovic
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Alba Redin
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicky Fumado
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Barbara Baro
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Joana Claverol
- Clinical Research Unit, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Rosauro Varo
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (S.A.); (B.B.); (R.V.)
| | - Daniel Cuadras
- Clinical Research Unit, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (J.C.); (D.C.)
| | - Jochen Hecht
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Genomics Unit, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Irene Barrabeig
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Epidemiological Surveillance Unit, Department of Health, Generalitat de Catalunya, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Garcia-Garcia
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristian Launes
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain; (P.B.); (I.J.); (D.H.); (M.F.d.S.); (A.R.); (V.F.); (J.J.G.-G.); (C.L.)
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Sant Cugat, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Consorcio de Investigacion Biomédica en Red Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (Q.B.); (I.B.)
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, 08950 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence:
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Brotons P, Launes C, Buetas E, Fumado V, Henares D, de Sevilla MF, Redin A, Fuente-Soro L, Cuadras D, Mele M, Jou C, Millat P, Jordan I, Garcia-Garcia JJ, Bassat Q, Muñoz-Almagro C. Susceptibility to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Children and Adults: A Seroprevalence Study of Family Households in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, Spain. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 72:e970-e977. [PMID: 33180914 PMCID: PMC7717181 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Susceptibility of children and adults to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and persistence of antibody response to the virus after infection resolution remain poorly understood, despite their significant public health implications. Methods A prospective cross-sectional seroprevalence study with volunteer families that included at least 1 first-reported adult case positive by SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and at least 1 child aged <15 years living in the same household under strict home confinement was conducted in the metropolitan Barcelona Health Region, Spain, during the pandemic period 28 April 2020–3 June 2020. All household members were tested at home using a rapid SARS-CoV-2 antibody assay with finger prick–obtained capillary blood. Results A total of 381 family households including 381 first-reported PCR-positive adult cases and 1084 contacts (672 children, 412 adults) were enrolled. SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence rates were 17.6% (118 of 672) in children and 18.7% (77 of 335) in adult contacts (P = .64). Among first-reported cases, seropositivity rates varied from 84.0% in adults previously hospitalized and tested within 6 weeks since the first positive PCR result to 31.5% in those not hospitalized and tested after that lag time (P < .001). Nearly all (99.9%) positive children were asymptomatic or had mild symptoms. Conclusions Children appear to have similar probability as adults to become infected by SARS-CoV-2 in quarantined family households but remain largely asymptomatic. Adult antibody protection against SARS-CoV-2 seems to be weak beyond 6 weeks post-infection confirmation, especially in cases that have experienced mild disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brotons
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Cristian Launes
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Buetas
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicky Fumado
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Desiree Henares
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariona Fernandez de Sevilla
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Redin
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Daniel Cuadras
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Mele
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Jou
- Department of Pathology and Biobank, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Millat
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iolanda Jordan
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Jose Garcia-Garcia
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Quique Bassat
- Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique.,ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic-Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carmen Muñoz-Almagro
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.,Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.,Molecular Microbiology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain
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