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One-step silver coating of polypropylene surgical mask with antibacterial and antiviral properties. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23196. [PMID: 38163242 PMCID: PMC10754878 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Face masks can filter droplets containing viruses and bacteria minimizing the transmission and spread of respiratory pathogens but are also an indirect source of microbes transmission. A novel antibacterial and antiviral Ag-coated polypropylene surgical mask obtained through the in situ and one-step deposition of metallic silver nanoparticles, synthesized by silver mirror reaction combined with sonication or agitation methods, is proposed in this study. SEM analysis shows Ag nanoparticles fused together in a continuous and dense layer for the coating obtained by sonication, whereas individual Ag nanoparticles around 150 nm were obtained combining the silver mirror reaction with agitation. EDX, XRD and XPS confirm the presence of metallic Ag in both coatings and also oxidized Ag in samples by agitation. A higher amount of Ag nanoparticles is deposited on samples by sonication, as calculated by TGA. Further, both coatings are biocompatible and show antibacterial properties: coating by sonication caused 24 % and 40 % of bacterial reduction while coating by agitation 48 % and 96 % against S. aureus and E. coli, respectively. At 1 min of contact with SARS-CoV-2, the coating by agitation has an antiviral capacity of 75 % against 24 % of the one by sonication. At 1 h, both coatings achieve 100 % of viral inhibition. Nonetheless, larger samples could be produced only through the silver mirror reaction combined with agitation, preserving the integrity of the mask. In conclusion, the silver-coated mask produced by silver mirror reaction combined with agitation is scalable, has excellent physico-chemical characteristics as well as significant biological properties, with higher antimicrobial activities, providing additional protection and preventing the indirect transmission of pathogens.
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Nanoscale and Tensile-Like Properties by an Instrumented Indentation Test on PBF-LB SS 316L Steel. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:255. [PMID: 38204107 PMCID: PMC10779959 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of a defect-free laser melting (PBF-LB) deposit of an AISI 316L steel alloy were assessed by means of an instrumented indentation test (IIT), at both the macro- and nano-scales. The inherent non-equilibrium microstructure of the alloy was chemically homogenous and consisted of equiaxed grains and large-elongated grains (under the optical microscope) with irregular outlines composed of a much finer internal cell structure (under the scanning electron microscope). Berkovich and Vickers indenters were used to assess the indentation properties across individual grains (nano) and over multiple grains (macro), respectively. The nano-indentation over the X-Y plane revealed nearly constant indentation modulus across an individual grain but variable on average within different grains whose value depended on the relative orientation of the individual grain. The macro-indentation test was conducted to analyze the tensile-like properties of the polycrystalline SS 316L alloy over the X-Y and Y-Z planes. The macro-indentation test provided a reliable estimate of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS-like) of the alloy. Other indentation properties gave inconsistent results, and a post factum analysis was, therefore, conducted, by means of a new approach, to account for the presence of residual stresses. The already existing indentation data were supplemented with new repeated indentation tests to conduct a detailed analysis of the relaxation ability of compressive and tensile residual stresses. The developed methodology allows the effect of residual stresses and the reliability of measured macro-indentation properties to be examined as a function of a small group of indentation parameters.
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Surface modifications of biodegradable AZ31 alloy after immersion in physiological solution. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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4
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Morphology and microchemistry study of three commercial dental implants. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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5
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XPS investigation of 5N purity Al thin foils for MEMS devices. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Neuropsychiatric syndrome with myoclonus after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a paediatric patient. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2022; 213:107121. [PMID: 35030418 PMCID: PMC8739821 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2022.107121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 12-years-old patient who subacutely developed a positive and negative myoclonus of limbs and face, drowsiness and memory deficits after getting infected by SARS-CoV-2. On admission, nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2, brain and spinal MRI with and without contrast, EEG, chest X-ray and abdominal ultrasound were negative. CSF physical-chemical examination, culture, PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens, and oligoclonal IgG bands were negative as well. A full panel blood test, including clotting, autoimmunity and paraneoplastic blood studies, did not show any alteration. The neuropsychological examination showed an impairment in memory, visual-motor coordination, inductive reasoning skills, attention, and concentration. The patient was first treated with clonazepam and then with intravenous methylprednisolone for five days, with poor response. For this reason, he then received a cycle of IVIG, thus reaching a gradual and complete recovery. To date, this is the first case of a COVID-19 associated myoclonus affecting a paediatric patient.
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Adsorption of heavy metals by layered double hydroxides grown in situ on Al foam. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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La distribution on the crater surface of W‐1%La
2
O
3
produced by a single laser pulse. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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The effect of Equal Channel Angular Pressing on the stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of AZ31 alloy in simulated body fluid. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2020; 106:103724. [PMID: 32250950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2020.103724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the great potential of Mg and its alloys as material for biodegradable implants, their low resistance to the simultaneous action of corrosion and mechanical stresses in the human body have hampered their use. Stress Corrosion Cracking has been reported as one of the most critical failure modes to overcome to allow such materials to be clinically applied. Thus, in this paper we investigate the effect of Equal Channel Angular Pressing (ECAP) on the Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) susceptibility of the AZ31 Mg alloy. To do so, AZ31 alloy has been subjected to 1, 2 and 4 passes of ECAP, and the samples so obtained have then been tested by means Slow Strain Rate Tests (SSRTs) in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) at 37 °C. Samples subjected to one pass of ECAP are shown to be less susceptible to SCC compared to the material in the as-received condition, while further ECAP processing (2 and 4 passes) are found to worsen the SCC susceptibility. To understand the different SCC susceptibilities shown by the differently ECAPed samples, microstructural analyses, potentiodynamic polarization curves, hydrogen evolution experiments and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analyses of the fracture surfaces were carried out. The improved corrosion resistance of the samples subjected to 1 pass of ECAP compared to the samples in the as received condition (due to a finer grain size) and to the samples subjected to 2 and 4 passes (due to a more favourable texture evolution) represents the reason of their reduced SCC susceptibility.
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11
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Surface and microstructural analyses of a Roman quadrans dating back to first century ad. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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12
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13
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Surface phenomena during the early stage of liquid phase SPS of a mixture of coarse WC and Ni-alloy particles. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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14
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Layered Double Hydroxides Containing an Ionic Liquid: Ionic Conductivity and Use in Composite Anion Exchange Membranes. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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15
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Preparation, intercalation, and characterization of nanostructured (Zn, Al) layered double hydroxides (LDHs). SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.6468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Study of steel-WC interface produced by solid-state capacitor discharge sinter-welding. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Surface spectroscopy and structural analysis of nanostructured multifunctional (Zn, Al) layered double hydroxides. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.5973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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19
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Tendon overload results in alterations in cell shape and increased markers of inflammation and matrix degradation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:e381-91. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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22
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G.P.9.07 Congenital fibre type disproportion and non-compaction cardiomyopathy associated with insulin resistance. Neuromuscul Disord 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2008.06.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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C.P.1.01 Congenital fiber type disproportion and noncompaction cardiomyopathy in a patient. Neuromuscul Disord 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2007.06.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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[Assessment of the risk of arm repetitive movements among workers in the motor vehicle glass finishing industry]. GIORNALE ITALIANO DI MEDICINA DEL LAVORO ED ERGONOMIA 2007; 29:557-558. [PMID: 18409829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate risk associated with biomechanical overload of the upper limbs in workers exposed to repetitive movements, employed to the finishing of glasses for motor vehicles. The risk assessment was performed using the OCRA method (OCRA index for every worker and Check-List OCRA for every workstation) and the results have been distributed for exposure levels. Altogether the results suggested the existence of risk associated with repetitive movements of the upper limbs and different risk classes (high, medium, light, very light). OCRA index and Check-List OCRA values showed together high risk in the workers with age and employment duration great (respectively 20.68% e 27.58% of workers), with especially involvement of the women, employed to jobs with high frequency.
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ViVa: the virtual vascular project. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN BIOMEDICINE : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY 1998; 2:268-74. [PMID: 10719537 DOI: 10.1109/4233.737582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the virtual vascular project (ViVa) is to develop tools for the modern hemodynamicist and cardiovascular surgeon to study and interpret the constantly increasing amount of information being produced by noninvasive imaging equipment. In particular, we are developing a system able to process and visualize three-dimensional (3-D) medical data, reconstruct the geometry of arteries of specific patients, and simulate blood flow in them. The initial applications of the system will be for clinical research and training purposes. In a later stage, we will explore the application of the system to surgical planning. ViVa is based on an integrated set of tools, each dedicated to a specific aspect of the data processing and simulation pipeline: image processing and segmentation; real-time 3-D volume visualization; 3-D geometry reconstruction; 3-D mesh generation; and blood flow simulation and visualization.
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Abstract
Acute cerebellar ataxia is a benign syndrome usually occurring after an acute febrile disease. In a few cases neuroradiological investigations reveal cerebellar alterations. Clinical and neuroradiological involvement of the brain stem has rarely been reported in the literature. We present five cases of acute cerebellar ataxia. In two cases the cerebellar symptomatology was associated with neurological signs of brain stem involvement. CT scans did not show any pathologic findings in three patients. MRI disclosed cerebellar or brain stem alterations in all the patients. Clinical and neuroradiological findings allow differentiation of this pathologic entity from other demyelinating or dysmyelinating diseases. The value of MRI in detection and localization of the lesions and in following their evolution is emphasized.
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Cervical dumbbell ganglioneuroma in an eighteen month old child. A case report. J Neurosurg Sci 1995; 39:257-60. [PMID: 8803848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Dumbbell neurogenic tumors are unusual in children. The authors report an extremely rare case of cervical intraspinal ganglioneuroma with a contiguous paravertebral component in an eighteen month old female patient. Both the intraspinal and the extraspinal parts of the dumbbell tumor were totally removed during the same surgical session. A laminotomy was performed rather than a laminectomy in order to avoid postoperative spinal column deformation. The authors emphasize the importance of an early diagnosis in preventing irreversible neurosurgical abnormalities and for achieving better surgical results.
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CO2 laser dynamics with feedback. PHYSICAL REVIEW. A, ATOMIC, MOLECULAR, AND OPTICAL PHYSICS 1995; 52:3176-3182. [PMID: 9912603 DOI: 10.1103/physreva.52.3176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Intramedullary haemorrhage due to AVM located within the medulla oblongata in a three year old child. Case report. J Neurosurg Sci 1994; 38:255-8. [PMID: 7562033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Intramedullary arteriovenous malformations are rare in childhood. Yasargil reports only two cases in children under ten years of age out of a total of forty-one cases of AVM operated on between 1967 and 1983 in which microsurgical techniques were used. The early symptoms of these lesions are those due to intramedullary or subarachnoid haemorrhage with neurological deficit, pain and/or weakness or numbness of one or more limbs. We report the case of an intramedullary haematoma due to arteriovenous malformation within the medulla oblongata in a three year old child admitted for cervical pain and right arm hypostenia. The CT scan and MRI showed an intramedullary expansive lesion with associated internal haematoma between C1-C7 level. Because of the rapid clinical deterioration upon the onset of right hemiparesis we procedeed to empty the intramedullary haematoma and to remove the intrabulbar AVM. A swift improvement of neurological deficit was observed along with a total regression of the symptomatology in a month's time. The excellent results reported in this case, very likely the only case in the literature occurring in a very small child at this spinal cord level, are mostly due to the early surgical treatment and to the exact information that MRI provided.
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