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Aldea I, Gibello A, Hernández M, Leekitcharoenphon P, Bortolaia V, Moreno MA. Clonal and plasmid-mediated flow of ESBL/AmpC genes in Escherichia coli in a commercial laying hen farm. Vet Microbiol 2022; 270:109453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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2
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Francés-Cuesta C, Ansari I, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A, González-Candelas F. Comparative genomics and evolutionary analysis of Lactococcus garvieae isolated from human endocarditis. Microb Genom 2022; 8. [PMID: 35196218 PMCID: PMC8942021 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae is a well-known pathogen of fish, but is rarely involved in infections in humans and other mammals. In humans, the main clinical manifestation of L. garvieae infections is endocarditis usually related to the ingestion of contaminated food, such as undercooked fish and shellfish. This study presents the first complete genomic sequence of a clinical L. garvieae strain isolated from a patient with endocarditis and its comparative analysis with other genomes. This human isolate contains a circular chromosome of 2 099 060 bp and one plasmid of 50 557 bp. In comparison with other fully sequenced L. garvieae strains, the chromosomal DNA of L. garvieae Lg-Granada carries a low proportion of insertion sequence elements and a higher number of putative prophages. Our results show that, in general, L. garvieae is a highly recombinogenic species with an open pangenome in which almost 30 % of its genome has undergone horizontal transfers. Within the genus Lactococcus, L. lactis is the main donor of genetic components to L. garvieae but, taking Lg-Granada as a representative, this bacterium tends to import more genes from Bacilli taxa than from other Lactococcus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Francés-Cuesta
- Joint Research Unit Infection and Public Health FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio, UV-CSIC) and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - Iván Ansari
- Joint Research Unit Infection and Public Health FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio, UV-CSIC) and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Valencia, Spain
| | - José Francisco Fernández-Garayzábal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,VISAVET Animal Health Surveillance Center, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando González-Candelas
- Joint Research Unit Infection and Public Health FISABIO-University of Valencia, Institute for Integrative Systems Biology (I2SysBio, UV-CSIC) and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health, Valencia, Spain
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3
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Castro R, Coll J, Blanco MDM, Rodriguez-Bertos A, Jouneau L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A. Spleen and head kidney differential gene expression patterns in trout infected with Lactococcus garvieae correlate with spleen granulomas. Vet Res 2019; 50:32. [PMID: 31046823 PMCID: PMC6498643 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-019-0649-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae is a significant pathogen in aquaculture with a potential zoonotic risk. To begin to characterize the late immune response of trout to lactococcosis, we selected infected individuals showing clinical signs of lactococcosis. At the time lactococcosis clinical signs appeared, infection by L. garvieae induced a robust inflammatory response in the spleen of rainbow trout, which correlated with abundant granulomatous lesions. The response in kidney goes in parallel with that of spleen, and most of the gene regulations are similar in both organs. A correlation existed between the early inflammatory granulomas in spleen (containing macrophages with internalized L. garvieae) and up-regulated gene sets, which defined the presence of macrophages and neutrophils. This is the first analysis of the immune transcriptome of rainbow trout following L. garvieae infection during the initiation of adaptive immune mechanisms and shows a transcriptome induction of antibody response by both IgM (+) and IgT (+) spleen B cells to respond to systemic infection. These results increase our understanding of lactococcosis and pave the way for future research to improve control measures of lactococcosis on fish farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Castro
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,INRA, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Julio Coll
- Department of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional Investigaciones Agrarias y Alimentarias, INIA, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Del Mar Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Bertos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,VISAVET Animal Health Surveillance Center, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luc Jouneau
- INRA, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - José Francisco Fernández-Garayzábal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,VISAVET Animal Health Surveillance Center, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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4
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Gibello A, Vela AI, Martínez-Nevado E, Rodriguez-Bertos A, Casamayor A, García J, Domínguez L, Montoto P, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Amaro C. Potentially human-virulent Vibrio vulnificus isolates from diseased great pompano (Trachinotus goodei). Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:1765-1770. [PMID: 30927558 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Vibrio vulnificus is an opportunistic human pathogen responsible for the majority of seafood-associated deaths worldwide and is also a relevant fish pathogen for the aquaculture industry. In addition to infections in aquatic livestock, V. vulnificus also represents a risk to aquarium animals. For the first time, this work describes an important mortality outbreak in Trachinotus goodei in a zoo aquarium, with the isolation of Vibrio vulnificus (Vv) from the internal organs of the diseased fish. The isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF MS, serotyped and characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Although the isolates from great pompanos did not belong to pathovar piscis (formerly biotype 2) or to any of the fish-related serovars, they all had identical phenotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and PFGE patterns, which together with their isolation in pure culture from internal organs is strongly indicative of their clinical significance. Moreover, Vv isolates harboured important genetic markers of human virulence potential: they had the clinical variant of the vcg gene, gave the 338 bp DNA amplification product of the pilF gene and resisted the bactericidal activity of human serum. All these results strongly suggest that these Vv isolates should be considered potentially virulent for humans. These results extend the range of fish species affected by V. vulnificus, confirm the threat that this pathogen represents to aquatic animals and highlight the risk that this bacterial pathogen poses to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Vela
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Antonio Rodriguez-Bertos
- Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena Casamayor
- Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier García
- Zoo Aquarium de Madrid, c/ Casa de Campo s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Montoto
- Zoo Aquarium de Madrid, c/ Casa de Campo s/n, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose Francisco Fernández-Garayzábal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Amaro
- ERI BioTecMed, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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5
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Castro R, Reguera-Brito M, López-Campos GH, Blanco MM, Aguado-Urda M, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A. How does temperature influences the development of lactococcosis? Transcriptomic and immunoproteomic in vitro approaches. J Fish Dis 2017; 40:1285-1297. [PMID: 28093775 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lactococcus garvieae is the aetiological agent of lactococcosis, a haemorrhagic septicaemia that affects marine and freshwater fish, with special incidence and economic relevance in farmed rainbow trout. Water temperature is one of the most important predisposing factors in the development of lactococcosis outbreaks. Lactococcosis in trout usually occur when water temperatures rise to about 18 °C, while fish carriers remain asymptomatic at temperatures below 13 °C. The aim of this work was to analyse the differences in the complete transcriptome response of L. garvieae grown at 18 °C and at 13 °C and to identify the immunogenic proteins expressed by this bacterium at 18 °C. Our results show that water temperature influences the expression of L. garvieae genes involved in the lysis of part of the bacterial cell population and in the cold response bacterial adaptation. Moreover, the surface immunogenic protein profile at 18 °C suggests an important role of the lysozyme-like enzyme, WxL surface proteins and some putative moonlighting proteins (proteins with more than one function, usually associated with different cellular locations) as virulence factors in L. garvieae. The results of this study could provide insights into the understanding of the virulence mechanisms of L. garvieae in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Castro
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Reguera-Brito
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - G H López-Campos
- Health and Biomedical Informatics Research Unit, Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - M M Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Aguado-Urda
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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6
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Gibello A, Orestano FV, Pistella F, Santandrea E. Evaluation of Neutron Spectral Effects in Systems with Thermal Resonance Absorbers by Applying a Correlation Method to Measured Spectral Indexes. NUCL SCI ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/nse70-a18879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Gibello
- Comitato Nazionale per I’Energia Nucleare, Laboratorio Fisica e Calcolo Reattori Centro Studi Nucleari della CasacciaRome, Italy
| | - F. V. Orestano
- Comitato Nazionale per I’Energia Nucleare, Laboratorio Fisica e Calcolo Reattori Centro Studi Nucleari della CasacciaRome, Italy
| | - F. Pistella
- Comitato Nazionale per I’Energia Nucleare, Laboratorio Fisica e Calcolo Reattori Centro Studi Nucleari della CasacciaRome, Italy
| | - E. Santandrea
- Comitato Nazionale per I’Energia Nucleare, Laboratorio Fisica e Calcolo Reattori Centro Studi Nucleari della CasacciaRome, Italy
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7
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Gibello A, Galán-Sánchez F, Blanco MM, Rodríguez-Iglesias M, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. The zoonotic potential of Lactococcus garvieae: An overview on microbiology, epidemiology, virulence factors and relationship with its presence in foods. Res Vet Sci 2016; 109:59-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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8
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Reguera-Brito M, Galán-Sánchez F, Blanco MM, Rodríguez-Iglesias M, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A. Genetic analysis of human clinical isolates of Lactococcus garvieae: Relatedness with isolates from foods. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 2016; 37:185-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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9
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Cutuli M, Gibello A, Rodriguez-Bertos A, Blanco MM, Villarroel M, Giraldo A, Guarro J. Skin and subcutaneous mycoses in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) caused by Fusarium oxysporum in coinfection with Aeromonas hydrophila. Med Mycol Case Rep 2015; 9:7-11. [PMID: 26155462 PMCID: PMC4491647 DOI: 10.1016/j.mmcr.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Subcutaneous mycoses in freshwater fish are rare infections usually caused by oomycetes of the genus Saprolegnia and some filamentous fungi. To date, Fusarium infections in farmed fish have only been described in marine fish. Here, we report the presence of Fusarium oxysporum in subcutaneous lesions of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Histopathologic evaluation revealed granuloma formation with fungal structures, and the identity of the etiological agent was demonstrated by morphological and molecular analyses. Some of the animals died as a result of systemic coinfection with Aeromonas hydrophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Teresa Cutuli
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Alicia Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Bertos
- Department of Internal Medicine and Animal Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M. Mar Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Morris Villarroel
- Department of Animal Science, E.T.S.I.A. Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Alejandra Giraldo
- Mycology Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
| | - Josep Guarro
- Mycology Unit, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus 43201, Spain
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10
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López-Campos G, Aguado-Urda M, Blanco MM, Gibello A, Cutuli MT, López-Alonso V, Martín-Sánchez F, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Lactococcus garvieae: a small bacteria and a big data world. Health Inf Sci Syst 2015; 3:S5. [PMID: 25960872 PMCID: PMC4416232 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2501-3-s1-s5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the importance of bioinformatics tools to analyze the big data yielded from new "omics" generation-methods, with the aim of unraveling the biology of the pathogen bacteria Lactococcus garvieae. Methods The paper provides the vision of the large volume of data generated from genome sequences, gene expression profiles by microarrays and other experimental methods that require biomedical informatics methods for management and analysis. Results The use of biomedical informatics methods improves the analysis of big data in order to obtain a comprehensive characterization and understanding of the biology of pathogenic organisms, such as L. garvieae. Conclusions The "Big Data" concepts of high volume, veracity and variety are nowadays part of the research in microbiology associated with the use of multiple methods in the "omic" era. The use of biomedical informatics methods is a requisite necessary to improve the analysis of these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Campos
- Health and Biomedical Informatics Centre (HABIC), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Mónica Aguado-Urda
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Complutense University, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - María Mar Blanco
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Complutense University, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Alicia Gibello
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Complutense University, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - María Teresa Cutuli
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Animal Health, Complutense University, Madrid, 28040, Spain
| | - Victoria López-Alonso
- Computational Biology Unit, National Institute of Health "Carlos III", Madrid, 28220, Spain
| | - Fernando Martín-Sánchez
- Health and Biomedical Informatics Centre (HABIC), The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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11
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Reguera-Brito M, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Blanco MM, Aguado-Urda M, Gibello A. Post-stained Western blotting, a useful approach in immunoproteomic studies. J Immunol Methods 2014; 415:66-70. [PMID: 25450258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The precise localisation of immunogenic proteins on stained two-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) gels is occasionally difficult, contributing to the erroneous identification of unrelated non-immunogenic proteins, which is expensive and time consuming. This inconvenience can be solved by performing immunoblotting using previously stained polyacrylamide gels. This approach was proposed nearly 20 years ago but is now almost forgotten. We have evaluated the suitability of this approach to identify immunogenic proteins from Lactococcus garvieae. Some of the immunogenic proteins identified in L. garvieae, such as Gls24, have been considered important as immunotarget in different bacterial species. Post-staining western blotting facilitated the correct selection of immunogenic proteins of interest in 2D gels before their identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Reguera-Brito
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain; Animal Health Surveillance Center (VISAVET), Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Mar Blanco
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mónica Aguado-Urda
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Gibello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Gibello A, Díaz de Alba P, Blanco MM, Machuca J, Cutuli MT, Rodríguez-Martínez JM. Lactococcus garvieae carries a chromosomally encoded pentapeptide repeat protein that confers reduced susceptibility to quinolones in Escherichia coli producing a cytotoxic effect. Res Microbiol 2014; 165:590-9. [PMID: 24965125 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2014.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 05/09/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This study characterises a chromosomal gene of Lactococcus garvieae encoding a pentapeptide repeat protein designated as LgaQnr. This gene has been implicated in reduced susceptibility to quinolones in this bacterium, which is of relevance to both veterinary and human medicine. All of the L. garvieae isolates analysed were positive for the lgaqnr gene. The expression of lgaqnr in Escherichia coli reduced the susceptibility to quinolones, producing an adverse effect. The reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin was 16-fold in E. coli ATCC 25922 and 32-fold in E. coli DH10B, compared to the control strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration of nalidixic acid was also increased 4 or 5-fold. The effect of the expression of lgaqnr in E. coli was investigated by electron microscopy and was observed to affect the structure of the cell and the inner membrane of the recombinant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Gibello
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Paula Díaz de Alba
- Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - M Mar Blanco
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jesus Machuca
- Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Hospital Virgen de la Macarena, 41007 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - M Teresa Cutuli
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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13
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Tejedor J, Vela A, Gibello A, Casamayor A, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal J. A genetic comparison of pig, cow and trout isolates of Lactococcus garvieae by PFGE analysis. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:614-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03153.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Aguado-Urda M, Cutuli MT, Blanco MM, Aspiroz C, Tejedor JL, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A. Utilization of lactose and presence of the phospho-β-galactosidase (lacG) gene in Lactococcus garvieae isolates from different sources. Int Microbiol 2011; 13:189-93. [PMID: 21404213 DOI: 10.2436/20.1501.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluates the utilization of lactose (Lac) and the presence of the phospho-β-galactosidase (lacG) gene as markers for distinguishing between fish (Lac-/lacG-) and dairy isolates (Lac+/lacG+) of Lactococcus garvieae, using a panel of L. garvieae isolates from different sources. None of the fish isolates produced acid from lactose (Lac-), however Lac-/lacG- isolates were observed in pigs, cows, birds and humans. Most of the dairy isolates (77.8%) were Lac+/lacG+, but some dairy isolates did not produce acid from this sugar. Data in the present study show that the ability to metabolize lactose and the presence of the lacG gene are heterogeneously scattered among L. garvieae isolates of different sources. Therefore, the use of these criteria as markers to differentiate between L. garvieae isolates of dairy and fish origin should be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Aguado-Urda
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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15
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Olmeda AS, Blanco MM, Pérez-Sánchez JL, Luzón M, Villarroel M, Gibello A. Occurrence of the oribatid mite Trhypochthoniellus longisetus longisetus (Acari: Trhypochthoniidae) on tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Dis Aquat Organ 2011; 94:77-81. [PMID: 21553570 DOI: 10.3354/dao02309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Mites as parasites infesting fish have been described in a few case reports involving Histiostoma anguillarum, H. papillata, and Schwiebea estradai. We describe the unexpected occurrence of oribatid mites of the genus Trhypochthoniellus on farmed tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. The fish had mites on the skin, fins, and gills, as well as in the mouth. The morphological characteristics of the mites, observed by optical and scanning electron microscopy, were consistent with those described for T. longisetus longisetus. All stages of development were observed, suggesting that the mites were able to actively reproduce on fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sonia Olmeda
- Grupo de Investigación Epicontrol, Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Aguado-Urda M, López-Campos GH, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Martín-Sánchez F, Gibello A, Domínguez L, Blanco MM. Analysis of the genome content of Lactococcus garvieae by genomic interspecies microarray hybridization. BMC Microbiol 2010; 10:79. [PMID: 20233401 PMCID: PMC2851595 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-10-79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 03/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lactococcus garvieae is a bacterial pathogen that affects different animal species in addition to humans. Despite the widespread distribution and emerging clinical significance of L. garvieae in both veterinary and human medicine, there is almost a complete lack of knowledge about the genetic content of this microorganism. In the present study, the genomic content of L. garvieae CECT 4531 was analysed using bioinformatics tools and microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) experiments. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IL1403 and Streptococcus pneumoniae TIGR4 were used as reference microorganisms. Results The combination and integration of in silico analyses and in vitro CGH experiments, performed in comparison with the reference microorganisms, allowed establishment of an inter-species hybridization framework with a detection threshold based on a sequence similarity of ≥ 70%. With this threshold value, 267 genes were identified as having an analogue in L. garvieae, most of which (n = 258) have been documented for the first time in this pathogen. Most of the genes are related to ribosomal, sugar metabolism or energy conversion systems. Some of the identified genes, such as als and mycA, could be involved in the pathogenesis of L. garvieae infections. Conclusions In this study, we identified 267 genes that were potentially present in L. garvieae CECT 4531. Some of the identified genes could be involved in the pathogenesis of L. garvieae infections. These results provide the first insight into the genome content of L. garvieae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Aguado-Urda
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Barra Caracciolo A, Fajardo C, Grenni P, Saccà ML, Amalfitano S, Ciccoli R, Martin M, Gibello A. The role of a groundwater bacterial community in the degradation ofâ the herbicide terbuthylazine. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2010; 71:127-36. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00787.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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18
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Gibello A, Allende JL, Mengs G, Alonso R, Ferrer E, Martín M. Comparison of Phenolic Substrate Utilization and Growth Kinetics Between Immobilized and Suspended Degradative-Bacteria. BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR 2009. [DOI: 10.3109/10242429809003623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Grenni P, Gibello A, Barra Caracciolo A, Fajardo C, Nande M, Vargas R, Saccà ML, Martinez-Iñigo MJ, Ciccoli R, Martín M. A new fluorescent oligonucleotide probe for in situ detection of s-triazine-degrading Rhodococcus wratislaviensis in contaminated groundwater and soil samples. Water Res 2009; 43:2999-3008. [PMID: 19476963 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2008] [Revised: 04/06/2009] [Accepted: 04/11/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A bacterial strain (FPA1) capable of using terbuthylazine, simazine, atrazine, 2-hydroxysimazine, deethylatrazine, isopropylamine or ethylamine as its sole carbon source was isolated from a shallow aquifer chronically contaminated with s-triazine herbicides. Based on its 16S rDNA sequence analysis, the strain FPA1 was identified as Rhodococcus wratislaviensis. The disappearance time of 50% of the initial terbuthylazine concentration in the presence of this strain (DT(50)) was 62days. This strain was also able to mineralise the [U-ring (14)C] triazine-ring, albeit at a slow rate. A 16S rRNA target oligonucleotide probe (RhLu) was designed, and the FISH protocol was optimised, in order to detect R. wratislaviensis in s-triazine-contaminated sites. The RhLu probe gave a positive signal (expressed as % of total DAPI-positive cells) in both the groundwater (2.19+/-0.41%) and soil (2.10+/-0.96%) samples analysed. Using the RhLu probe, R. wratislaviensis can be readily detected, and its population dynamics can be easily monitored, in soil and in water ecosystems contaminated with s-triazine. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing the isolation, from groundwater, of a bacterial strain able to degrade s-triazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Grenni
- Water Research Institute--National Research Council, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1-Montelibretti, via Salaria km 29,300, CP10 00016 Monterotondo, Rome, Italy.
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Gibello A, Vela AI, Martin M, Barra-Caracciolo A, Grenni P, Fernandez-Garayzabal JF. Reclassification of the members of the genus Tetrathiobacter Ghosh et al. 2005 to the genus Advenella Coenye et al. 2005. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:1914-8. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.007443-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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21
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Martín M, Gibello A, Lobo C, Nande M, Garbi C, Fajardo C, Barra-Caracciolo A, Grenni P, Martínez-Iñigo MJ. Application of fluorescence in situ hybridization technique to detect simazine-degrading bacteria in soil samples. Chemosphere 2008; 71:703-710. [PMID: 18082866 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.10.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2007] [Revised: 10/19/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new approach to evaluate the natural attenuation capacity of soil by using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). A specific oligonucleotide probe AtzB1 was designed based on the sequence data of the atzB gene involved in the hydrolytic deamination of s-triazines; this gene, located in a multiple copy plasmid was detected by the optimized FISH protocol. Two agricultural soils (Lodi and Henares) with a history of simazine treatments, and two natural soils (Soto and Monza), without previous exposure to simazine, were studied. AtzB1 probe-target cells were found only in the agricultural soils and, in a greater percentage, in the Lodi soil, compared to the Henares one. Moreover, the greatest percentage of AtzB1 probe-target cells in Lodi was accompanied by a greater mineralization rate, compared to the Henares soil. The FISH method used in this study was suitable for the detection of simazine-degrading bacteria and could be a useful indicator of the potential of soil bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Martín
- Complutense University, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Torres CE, Gibello A, Nande M, Martin M, Blanco A. Fluorescent in situ hybridization and flow cytometry as tools to evaluate the treatments for the control of slime-forming enterobacteria in paper mills. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 78:889-97. [PMID: 18247026 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1369-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Slime formation is a serious problem nowadays in the paper industry. Some enterobacteria are associated with the formation of slime deposits in paper and board mills. Detection and characterization of slime forming bacteria, belonging to the genus Enterobacter, Raoultella, and Klebsiella have been achieved by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using one probe based on the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence and other two rRNA targeted oligonucleotide probes. The effects of three kinds of antimicrobiological products (biocides, dispersants, and enzymes) on these enterobacterial cells were analyzed by flow cytometry (FC). Biocides B: utrol 1009 and 1072 were the most effective microbiocides against all enterobacterial cells analyzed, reaching 90% of dead bacteria after 24 h. However, the enzymatic treatment (Buzyme) was not equally efficient on enterobacteria and its microbiocide capacity varied depending on the type of microorganism. FISH and FC were effective tools to detect important slime forming enterobacteria and to select specific treatments to control microbial problems in the paper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Esperanza Torres
- Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense, Av. Complutense s/n, Madrid 28040, Spain
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Gibello A, Mata AI, Blanco MM, Casamayor A, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzabal JF. First identification of Streptococcus phocae isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). J Clin Microbiol 2005; 43:526-7. [PMID: 15635036 PMCID: PMC540139 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.43.1.526-527.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Gibello A, Garbi C, Allende JL, Martin M. Improving dioxygenase stability by gene chromosome insertion: implementation in immobilized-cell systems. Curr Microbiol 2005; 49:390-5. [PMID: 15696613 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-004-4283-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of recombinant cells by using the unstable 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase was studied as a model. Dioxygenase activity and cell viability were compared in immobilized-cell systems and cells in suspension. Immobilization increased enzyme stability and the efficient degradation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate. The stability of the cloned enzyme and the viability of the immobilized recombinant cells were well maintained for at least 15 days. We used the strain Escherichia coli CC118-D in which the hpaB gene from Klebsiella pneumoniae, coding for the subunit of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase, was inserted into the chromosome. This study has demonstrated that the implementation of E. coli CC118-D in a pilot-scale bioreactor resulted in a 100% stabilization of dioxygenase activity, and could be a useful tool for bioremediation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Departamento Patologia Animal (Microbiologia), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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25
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Mata AI, Gibello A, Casamayor A, Blanco MM, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Multiplex PCR assay for detection of bacterial pathogens associated with warm-water Streptococcosis in fish. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:3183-7. [PMID: 15128589 PMCID: PMC404434 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.5.3183-3187.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A multiplex PCR-based method was designed for the simultaneous detection of the main pathogens involved in warm-water streptococcosis in fish (Streptococcus iniae, Streptococcus difficilis, Streptococcus parauberis, and Lactococcus garvieae). Each of the four pairs of oligonucleotide primers exclusively amplified the targeted gene of the specific microorganism. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR using purified DNA was 25 pg for S. iniae, 12.5 pg for S. difficilis, 50 pg for S. parauberis, and 30 pg for L. garvieae. The multiplex PCR assay was useful for the specific detection of the four species of bacteria not only in pure culture but also in inoculated fish tissue homogenates and naturally infected fish. Therefore, this method could be a useful alternative to the culture-based method for the routine diagnosis of warm-water streptococcal infections in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Mata
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Mata AI, Blanco MM, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Gibello A. Development of a PCR assay for Streptococcus iniae based on the lactate oxidase (lctO) gene with potential diagnostic value. Vet Microbiol 2004; 101:109-16. [PMID: 15172693 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2004.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2003] [Revised: 02/13/2004] [Accepted: 03/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus iniae is a well-known pathogen of both fish and humans that is difficult to identify by conventional biochemical tests. A PCR assay based on the lactate oxidase (lctO) gene of S. iniae was developed for the rapid and specific detection and identification of this pathogen from different sources. The PCR assay had a detection limit of 62-31 cells, and 25 pg of DNA per PCR reaction mixture. The PCR was also effective in detecting the bacterium from inoculated tissue homogenates, suggesting its potential use for a rapid and accurate diagnosis of S. iniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I Mata
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Gibello A, Porrero MC, Blanco MM, Vela AI, Liébana P, Moreno MA, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Domínguez L. Analysis of the gyrA gene of clinical Yersinia ruckeri isolates with reduced susceptibility to quinolones. Appl Environ Microbiol 2004; 70:599-602. [PMID: 14711693 PMCID: PMC321256 DOI: 10.1128/aem.70.1.599-602.2004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial susceptibility of seven clinical strains of Yersinia ruckeri representative of those isolated between 1994 and 2002 from a fish farm with endemic enteric redmouth disease was studied. All isolates displayed indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis restriction patterns, indicating that they represented a single strain. However, considering both inhibition zone diameters (IZD) and MICs, the isolates recovered in 2001-2002 formed a separate cluster with lower levels of susceptibility to all the quinolones tested, especially nalidixic acid (NA) and oxolinic acid (OA), compared with the isolates recovered between 1994 and 1998. Analysis of the PCR product of the quinolone resistance-determining region of the gyrA gene from clinical isolates of Y. ruckeri with reduced susceptibility to OA and NA revealed a single amino acid substitution, Ser-83 to Arg-83 (Escherichia coli numbering). Identical substitution was observed in induced OA-resistant mutant strains, which displayed IZD and MICs of quinolones similar to those of the clinical isolates of Y. ruckeri with reduced susceptibility to these antimicrobial agents. These data indicate in that for Y. ruckeri, the substitution of Ser by Arg at position 83 of the gyrA gene is associated with reduced susceptibility to quinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Gibello
- Departamento Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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28
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Blanco MM, Gibello A, Vela AI, Moreno MA, Domínguez L, Fernandez-Garayzábal JF. PCR detection and PFGE DNA macrorestriction analyses of clinical isolates of Pseudomonas anguilliseptica from winter disease outbreaks in sea bream Sparus aurata. Dis Aquat Organ 2002; 50:19-27. [PMID: 12152901 DOI: 10.3354/dao050019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A PCR-based detection system for Pseudomonas anguilliseptica was evaluated. The primer combination PAF-PAR (forward primer PAF = 5'-GACCTCGCCATTA-3', reverse primer PAR = 5'-CTCAGCAGTTTTGAAAG-3') gave a unique and specific amplification product of 439 bp at an annealing temperature of 46 degrees C with all the P. anguilliseptica isolates and strains (n = 56) but no amplification products were observed with any other Pseudomonas species or phylogenetically related bacteria tested. The PCR assay had a detection limit of 170 to 200 cells per PCR tube, which was improved 8-fold when the PCR amplification product was used as a nonradioacfive probe in blotting hybridization experiments. The PCR assay allowed the specific and reliable detection of P. anguilliseptica within 8 h, compared with up to 10 d required for its isolation and further characterization by conventional microbiological approaches. Clinical isolates of P. anguilliseptica recovered from several winter disease (WD) outbreaks diagnosed in sea bream Sparus aurata in Spain and Portugal between 1996 and 2001 were characterized by pulse field-gel electrophoresis (PFGE) macrorestriction analysis. The 54 clinical isolates analyzed were included in 4 different pulsotypes. Pulsotypes B and C represented 54 and 25% of the isolates, respectively, and were responsible for most of the WD outbreaks diagnosed in Spain between 1996 and 2001. The implication of asymptomatic infected carriers in the dissemination and spread of WD is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mar Blanco
- Departmento Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Lobo C, Sanchez M, Garbi C, Ferrer E, Martinez-Iñigo MJ, Allende JL, Martín C, Casasús L, Alonso R, Gibello A, Martin M. Immobilized native bacteria as a tool for bioremediation of soils and waters: implementation and modeling. ScientificWorldJournal 2002; 2:1361-8. [PMID: 12805921 PMCID: PMC6009742 DOI: 10.1100/tsw.2002.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate (3,4-DHPA) dioxygenase amino acid sequence and DNA sequence data for homologous genes, two different oligonucleotides were designed. These were assayed to detect 3,4-DHPA related aromatic compound-degrading bacteria in soil samples by using the FISH method. Also, amplification by PCR using a set of ERIC primers was assayed for the detection of Pseudomonas GCH1 strain, which used in the soil bioremediation process. A model was developed to understand and predict the behavior of bacteria and pollutants in a bioremediation system, taking into account fluid dynamics, molecular/cellular scale processes, and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lobo
- Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Allende JL, Gibello A, Fortún A, Sánchez M, Martín M. 4-Hydroxybenzoate uptake in Klebsiella planticola strain DSZ1 is driven by DeltapH. Curr Microbiol 2002; 44:31-7. [PMID: 11727038 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-001-0070-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2001] [Accepted: 05/14/2001] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella planticola strain DSZ1 has the ability to degrade different aromatic compounds such as benzoate and organochlorinated as propachlor and alachlor. DSZ1 strain cells mineralised 4-hydroxybenzoate (4HBA) through a meta-cleavage pathway, yielding protocatechuate as dihydroxylated intermediate, with a specific rate of CO2 formation 0.12 x 10-6 (cpm/OD) h-1, and a rate of 4-HBA utilisation of 0.75 mmol h-1. Aerobically the 4HBA transport system is driven by gradient of protons (DeltapH), but is not ATP-driven. Under anaerobic conditions, the system can use the nitrate reduction as a final electron acceptor in respiration. A kinetic analysis of the 4HBA transport system revealed a Kt value of 16 microM with a Vmax value of 25 nmol/min.mg at pH 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Allende
- Dpt. Fisica Aplicada, Universidad Complutense, Facultad de Veterinaria, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n. 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Goyache J, Vela AI, Gibello A, Blanco MM, Briones V, González S, Téllez S, Ballesteros C, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis infection in waterfowl: first confirmation in animals. Emerg Infect Dis 2001; 7:884-6. [PMID: 11747704 PMCID: PMC2631867 DOI: 10.3201/eid0705.017519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first description, confirmed by bacteriologic and molecular (polymerase chain reaction and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) analysis, of an infection in animals caused by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis, affecting waterfowl.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Goyache
- Facultat de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Vela AI, Vázquez J, Gibello A, Blanco MM, Moreno MA, Liébana P, Albendea C, Alcalá B, Mendez A, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Phenotypic and genetic characterization of Lactococcus garvieae isolated in Spain from lactococcosis outbreaks and comparison with isolates of other countries and sources. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38:3791-5. [PMID: 11015404 PMCID: PMC87477 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.38.10.3791-3795.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The phenotypic and genetic analysis results for 84 isolates of Lactococcus garvieae (including 62 strains from trout with lactococcosis from four different countries, 7 strains from cows and water buffalos with subclinical mastitis, 3 from water, and 10 from human clinical samples) are presented. There was great phenotypic heterogeneity (13 different biotypes) based on the acidification of saccharose, tagatose, mannitol, and cyclodextrin and the presence of the enzymes pyroglutamic acid arylamidase and N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. L. garvieae also exhibited high genetic diversity by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), with 19 different pulsotypes among the isolates of L. garvieae studied. Only epidemiologically related strains, like the Spanish and Italian fish isolates and the cow and water buffalo isolates, displayed a close genetic relationship by PFGE, while the strains isolated from sporadic clinical cases, like the human isolates, were genetically unrelated. Overall, a general correlation between phenotypic and genetic data was observed. Epidemiological analysis of biotype and PFGE results indicated that the trout lactococcosis outbreaks in Spain and Portugal and those in France and Italy were produced by genetically unrelated clones. In Spain, two different clones were detected; the outbreaks diagnosed from 1995 onward were produced by a clone (biotype 2, pulsotype A1) which, although genetically related, was different from the one that was responsible for the outbreaks studied between 1991 and 1994 (biotype 1, pulsotype B). The Portuguese isolate had a biochemical profile identical to that of the Spanish strain isolated from 1995 onward and is also genetically closely related to this strain (pulsotype A2). There was a close relationship between the two pulsotypes (E and F) found in the Italian isolates. The French isolate (biotype 3, pulsotype D) was not genetically related to any other L. garvieae fish isolate. These results suggest the existence of diverse infection sources for the different lactococcosis outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Vela
- Departamento Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Martín M, Mengs G, Plaza E, Garbi C, Sánchez M, Gibello A, Gutierrez F, Ferrer E. Propachlor removal by Pseudomonas strain GCH1 in an immobilized-cell system. Appl Environ Microbiol 2000; 66:1190-4. [PMID: 10698790 PMCID: PMC91961 DOI: 10.1128/aem.66.3.1190-1194.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/1999] [Accepted: 11/30/1999] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A bacterial strain capable of growing on propachlor (2-chloro-N-isopropylacetanilide) was isolated from soil by using enrichment and isolation techniques. The strain isolated, designated GCH1, was classified as a member of the genus Pseudomonas. Washed-cell suspensions of strain GCH1 accumulated N-isopropylacetanilide, acetanilide, acetamide, and catechol. Pseudomonas strain GCH1 grew on propachlor with a generation time of 4.2 h and a rate of substrate utilization of 1.75 +/- 0.15 micromol h(-1). Gene expression did not require induction but was subject to catabolite expression. Acetanilide was a growth substrate with a yield of 0.56 +/- 0.02 mg of protein micromol(-1). GCH1 strain cells were immobilized by adsorption onto a ceramic support and were used as biocatalysts in an immobilized cell system. Propachlor elimination reached 98%, with a retention time of 3 h and an initial organic load of 0.5 mM propachlor. The viability of immobilized cells increased 34-fold after 120 days of bioreactor operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martín
- Departamento Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular IV, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Abstract
The isolated soil bacteria Acinetobacter strain BEM2 is able to utilize some xenobiotic aromatic compounds as a carbon source. In this study the metabolism of 4-hydroxybenzoate (4-HBA) by strain BEM2 was characterized. Degradation involved a meta-cleavage pathway yielding 3,4-dihydroxybenzoate (3,4-DHBA) as an intermediate and CO(2) as the principal product from the C atoms in the aromatic ring. 4-HBA uptake was studied, and the kinetic parameters were determined. The uptake was shown to be directly coupled to ATP hydrolysis and its synthesis, according to the Mitchell chemiosmotic hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Allende
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Avda. Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Gibello A, Collins MD, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Richardson PT. Cloning and analysis of the L-lactate utilization genes from Streptococcus iniae. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:4346-50. [PMID: 10508058 PMCID: PMC91576 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.10.4346-4350.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of lactate oxidase was examined in eight Streptococcus species and some related species of bacteria. A clone (pGR002) was isolated from a genomic library of Streptococcus iniae generated in Escherichia coli, containing a DNA fragment spanning two genes designated lctO and lctP. We show that these genes are likely to be involved in the L-lactic acid aerobic metabolism of this organism. This DNA fragment has been sequenced and characterized. A comparison of the deduced amino acid sequence of LctP protein demonstrated that the protein had significant homology with the L-lactate permeases of other bacteria. The amino acid sequence of the LctO protein of S. iniae also showed a strong homology to L-lactate oxidase from Aerococcus viridans and some NAD-independent lactate dehydrogenases, all belonging to the family of flavin mononucleotide-dependent alpha-hydroxyacid-oxidizing enzymes. Biochemical assays of the gene products confirm the identity of the genes from the isolated DNA fragment and reveal a possible role for the lactate oxidase from S. iniae. This lactate oxidase is discussed in relation to the growth of the organism in response to carbon source availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Department of Microbiology, Institute of Food Research, Reading Laboratory, Reading RG6 6BZ.
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Gibello A, Blanco MM, Moreno MA, Cutuli MT, Domenech A, Domínguez L, Fernández-Garayzábal JF. Development of a PCR assay for detection of Yersinia ruckeri in tissues of inoculated and naturally infected trout. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999; 65:346-50. [PMID: 9872807 PMCID: PMC91030 DOI: 10.1128/aem.65.1.346-350.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A PCR-based method was developed for the specific detection of Yersinia ruckeri in tissues of inoculated trout and naturally infected trout. No amplification products were obtained with other yersiniae, bacterial fish pathogens, or phylogenetically related bacteria (n = 34). The sensitivity of PCR detection was 60 to 65 bacterial cells per PCR tube, which was decreased to 10 to 20 cells by hybridization with a nonradioactive probe. The PCR assay proved to be as reliable as and faster than the conventional culture method for the detection of Y. ruckeri in infected trout tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Departamento de Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Gibello A, Suárez M, Allende JL, Martín M. Molecular cloning and analysis of the genes encoding the 4-hydroxyphenylacetate hydroxylase from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Arch Microbiol 1997; 167:160-6. [PMID: 9133323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The Klebsiella pneumoniae genes encoding the hydroxylase involved in the meta-cleavage pathway of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPA) were cloned, and the DNA fragment from the region essential for hydroxylase activity was sequenced. K. pneumoniae 4-HPA hydroxylase was composed of two proteins (HpaA and HpaH) with different molecular masses. HpaA seems to be a flavin-containing hydroxylase with a molecular mass of 58,781 Da. HpaH, with a molecular mass of 18,680 Da, seems to be a "helper" protein required for productive hydroxylation of the substrate. The hpa genes were expressed and the hydroxylase was active in Escherichia coli. Comparison of the enzyme with other monooxygenases indicates that K. pneumoniae 4-HPA hydroxylase is a member of a new family of hydroxylases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Departamento de Microbiología (Patología Animal I), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Avenida Puerta de Hierro s/n, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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Fernández-Garayzábal JF, Suárez G, Blanco MM, Gibello A, Domínguez L. Taxonomic note: a proposal for reviewing the interpretation of the CAMP reaction between Listeria monocytogenes and Rhodococcus equi. Int J Syst Bacteriol 1996; 46:832-4. [PMID: 8782698 DOI: 10.1099/00207713-46-3-832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The discrepancies between the current description of the CAMP test between Listeria monocytogenes and Rhodococcus equi in the latest edition of Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (L. monocytogenes is described as CAMP test negative with R. equi) and routine findings (positive reactions are usually described in many laboratories) make it advisable to review the current interpretation of the CAMP test to avoid confusion among people working in microbiological laboratories. Overall, 98.4% of the L. monocytogenes strains examined in this study, regardless of their source or the intensity of their hemolytic activity, displayed a synergic hemolytic reaction (CAMP phenomenon) with R. equi, indicating that L. monocytogenes can generally be considered CAMP positive with R. equi. We propose that L. monocytogenes, together with Listeria ivanovii, should be considered CAMP test positive with R. equi (circular or racket and semicircular or shovel shapes, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Fernández-Garayzábal
- Departamento Patología Animal I (Sanidad Animal), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Gibello A, Ferrer E, Sanz J, Martin M. Polymer production by Klebsiella pneumoniae 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid hydroxylase genes cloned in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 1995; 61:4167-71. [PMID: 8534083 PMCID: PMC167727 DOI: 10.1128/aem.61.12.4167-4171.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of Klebsiella pneumoniae hpaA and hpaH genes, which code for 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid hydroxylase in Escherichia coli K-12 derivative strains, is associated with the production of a dark brown pigment in the cultures. This pigment has been identified as a polymer which shows several of the characteristics reported for microbial melanins and results from the oxidative activity of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid hydroxylase on some dihydroxylated compounds to form o-quinones. A dibenzoquinone is formed from the oxidation of different mono- or dihydroxylated aromatic compounds by the enzyme prior to polymerization. We report a hydroxylase activity, other than tyrosinase, that is associated with the synthesis of a bacterial melanin.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Departamento de Microbiología (Patología Animal I), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Moreno MA, Pascual C, Gibello A, Ferrer S, Bos CJ, Debets AJ, Suárez G. Transformation of Aspergillus parasiticus using autonomously replicating plasmids from Aspergillus nidulans. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1994; 124:35-41. [PMID: 8001767 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb07258.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A genetic transformation system for the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus parasiticus using two autonomously replicating plasmids from A. nidulans (ARp1 and pDHG25) is reported. Transformation frequencies using the plasmid pDHG25 were from 5 x 10(2) to 2.5 x 10(4) transformants per 10(6) viable protoplasts and microgram DNA. The stability of the plasmids in the transformants was also studied. This transformation system offers a new opportunity to clone genes related to aflatoxin production using appropriate aflatoxin-defective mutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Moreno
- Department de Patología Animal I, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Gibello A, Ferrer E, Martín M, Garrido-Pertierra A. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase from Klebsiella pneumoniae, a Mg(2+)-containing dioxygenase involved in aromatic catabolism. Biochem J 1994; 301 ( Pt 1):145-50. [PMID: 8037662 PMCID: PMC1137154 DOI: 10.1042/bj3010145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate 2,3-dioxygenase, an extradiol-ring-cleavage dioxygenase, has been purified from Klebsiella pneumoniae to homogeneity. The enzyme has an M(r) of 102,000 in its tetrameric form with an M(r) of 25,500 for each subunit. Unlike most other dioxygenases, the enzyme reported here contains Mg2+, as determined by atomic-absorption spectrophotometry and plasma emission metal analysis. The enzyme was shown to contain approx. 1 g-atom of Mg2+/mol of protein and we suggest an alpha 4 Mg2+ quaternary structure. This is the first report of a dioxygenase containing Mg2+ in its structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gibello
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular IV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1 has been shown to possess an inducible transport system for 4-hydroxyphenylacetate (4-HPA). This transport system has a Kt of 16.3 microM and a maximal velocity of 31.2 nmol/min (milligrams dry weight). The transport system has been inhibited by inhibitors of energy metabolism with a concomitant decrease in cellular ATP concentrations, and the 4-HPA binding activity has been detected in the crude shock extracts. All these observations indicate that 4-HPA uptake is an active transport which involves a periplasmic binding protein and it seems to be energized by phosphate bond energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Allende
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biologiá Molecular IV, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Martín M, Gibello A, Fernández J, Ferrer E, Garrido-Pertierra A. Catabolism of 3- and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid by Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Gen Microbiol 1991; 137:621-8. [PMID: 1851804 DOI: 10.1099/00221287-137-3-621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae catabolizes both 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid via meta-cleavage of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, ultimately yielding pyruvate and succinate. The organism can synthesize two hydroxylases catalysing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid formation, which differ in substrate specificity, cofactor requirement, kinetics and regulation. Five enzymes sequentially involved in the catabolism of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid are encoded on a 7 kbp fragment of the K. pneumoniae chromosome that has been isolated in a recombinant plasmid.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Martín
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular IV, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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Su�rez M, Gibello A, Allende JL, Mart�n M, Ferrer E, Garrido-Pertierra A. Degradation of 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoate byKlebsiella pneumoniae. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 1991. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00167922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Sanchez M, Fernández J, Martin M, Gibello A, Garrido-Pertierra A. Purification and properties of two succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenases from Klebsiella pneumoniae. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; 990:225-31. [PMID: 2647149 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-4165(89)80038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two forms of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase have been isolated in Klebsiella pneumoniae M5a1. The two enzymes could be separated by filtration on Sephacryl S-300 and their apparent molecular weights were approx. 275,000 and 300,000. The large enzyme is specific for NADP. The smaller enzyme, which is induced by growth on 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and gamma-aminobutyrate, has been purified to 96% homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The NAD-linked succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase was able to use NADP as cofactor. Its induction is coordinated with 3- and 4-hydroxylase, the enzymes which initiate degradation of 3- and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid. The NAD-linked form is also induced by exogenous succinic semialdehyde. The large enzyme is specific for NADP and has been isolated from a defective mutant which lacked the activity of the NAD-linked succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. Activity and stability conditions and true K m values for substrates and cosubstrates of the two enzymes were determined. Some aspects of the induction of the NAD-linked enzyme participating in the metabolism of 4-hydroxyphenylacetic and gamma-aminobutyrate were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sanchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
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