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Zeighami M, Malakoutikhah A, Shahrbabaki PM, Al-Oliamat K, Dehghan M. Development and validation of the nurses sexual harassment scale in Iran. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:107. [PMID: 38326844 PMCID: PMC10851457 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01759-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In recent years, the prevalence of sexual harassment has become a global problem, and nursing, like other professions, has not been immune to this issue. By having a valid and reliable instrument, healthcare personnel can be helped in preventing and managing this problem and reduce its negative consequences on mental health and well-being. The aim of this study was developing and psychometrically measuring the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is the second phase of a mixed method study. Initially in the first phase, a qualitative approach with conventional content analysis was used to explain nurses' experiences of sexual harassment in the workplace. To design the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale, qualitative data and literature were reviewed. In the quantitative phase (second phase), the target scale was psychometrically evaluated using content validity (14 experts), face validity (12 nurses with being sexually harassed), construct validity (316 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences), and reliability (internal consistency and repeatability). RESULTS A 15-item scale with two components: "latent sexual harassment" (9 items) and "manifest sexual harassment" (6 items), which explained 68.4% of the total variance was developed. Also, due to the strong correlation between the Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (r = 0.67), convergent validity was confirmed. Also, the scale of the present study had good reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.94, Omega coefficient = 0.94, and ICC = 0.92). CONCLUSION Given the importance of sexual harassment among nurses, measuring the dimensions of this problem may allow professionals to plan interventions to prevent it. Overall, the results of the present study showed that the psychometric properties of the " Nurses Sexual Harassment Scale" with 15 items are acceptable and this scale can be used in the clinical environment. A further study within the nursing community is recommended to confirm the findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zeighami
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Kerman Branch, Kerman, Iran.
- Reproductive Health, Family and Population Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran.
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Liang T, Kaka Mirza H, Malakoutikhah A, Dehghan M, Mokhtarabadi S, Behzadi Fard S, Al-Amer R. Moral Injury and its Correlates among Iranian Nurses in the Second Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study. J Relig Health 2023; 62:3979-3994. [PMID: 37864667 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with various health-related issues among nurses, including mental health problems such as moral injury. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between moral injury, general health, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and type of hospital among Iranian nurses working in different clinical settings during the COVID-19 outbreak. This cross-sectional study employed convenience sampling to recruit 334 nurses working in various clinical settings, including teaching and referral hospitals, in Kerman, Southeastern Iran from October 2021 to February 2022. The study used three measures, including the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and The Moral Injury Symptom Scale-Healthcare Professionals version (MISS-HP). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS25. The results indicated that moral injury was highly prevalent among Iranian nurses, with 47% of the participants reporting experiencing it. A total, 26.9% of the participants reported experiencing mental health disorders and 57.2% of the participants reported experiencing this disorder. Significant correlations were found between moral injury, general health, and PTSD. Specifically, moral injury levels were higher among female nurses with a history of mental disorders and those designated to treat all kinds of cases, compared to other participants. The results suggest that Iranian nurses are at a high risk of experiencing moral injury during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers and health authorities should establish related health educational programs, provide counseling services to promote general health, and pay particular attention to moral injury and PTSD. Additionally, nurse educators should integrate materials related to moral injury into the nursing curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Liang
- College for Criminal Law Science, Beijing Normal University, 100875, Beijing, China
| | | | | | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | | | | | - Rasmieh Al-Amer
- School of Nursing, Yarmouk University, Irbid, Jordan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, Australia
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Malakoutikhah A, Dehghan M, Ghonchehpour A, Afshar PP, Zakeri MA. A randomized controlled trial on the effects of different music genres on physiologic parameters and emotion. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2313-2322. [PMID: 36529821 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-022-03245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Listening to music has psychophysiological effects on individuals' body and emotions, and it is known as one of the most influential stimuli to create emotions. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of different music genres on some physiological parameters and emotion. METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial. For 5 days, forty-six healthy undergraduate students were randomly assigned to several types of music (pop, rock, western classical, and Persian traditional), as well as silence. Physiologic parameters were checked five times (before, during, immediately, 15, and 30 min after the interventions). Before and after the interventions, the Self-Assessment Manikin questionnaire was completed. RESULTS There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate, diastolic blood pressure, temperature, silence, or other approaches between the groups. Silence and other ways did not reduce systolic blood pressure as much as listening to the pop. Peripheral oxygen saturation increased significantly only when listening to Persian traditional music, and when there was silence however, the differences were not statistically significant. In terms of valence, arousal, and dominance, none of the five treatments were shown to be more effective. CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed that statistically and clinically, there was no difference between silent music and other types of music, including pop, rock, western classical, and Persian traditional, in reducing physiological parameters. Different genres of music had no additional impact on emotion when compared to silence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Asma Ghonchehpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Peiman Parandeh Afshar
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Dehghan M, Isari Z, Abbaszadeh MH, Shafiee Babaei SA, Kamali Narab Z, Malakoutikhah A, Ghonchehpour A. Postmenopausal women's usage of complementary and alternative medicine and its relationship to sexual function: A cross-sectional study in southeastern Iran. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1470. [PMID: 37564395 PMCID: PMC10411498 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Sexual dysfunction is one of the most common problems in postmenopausal women that affect their lives. Due to the widespread disadvantages and age limit of drug and hormone therapy, the demand for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) methods has increased. Methods This was a descriptive-analytical study. A total of 297 postmenopausal women who were referred to health centers in Kerman, southeastern Iran, were selected during the years 2020-2021. The use of CAM and sexual function were examined by Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire and the Female Sexual Function Index, respectively. Data were collected through a combination of face-to-face and online forms. Results More than half of the participants used at least one type of CAM in the preceding year for any general reason. The mean satisfaction score for CAM use was 21.7 ± 5.84; Most reasons of use were for improving quality of life, improving physical function, reducing sleep disorders, improving mood status, reducing vasomotor symptom, and improving sexual function, respectively. Most reasons of use were related to sexual dysfunction. Specifically, the mean score for sexual function was 17.96 ± 7.50 which was lower than the scale's midpoint of 28. According to different subscales of sexual function, 52.9% of participants had good desire, 49.5% good arousal, 34.7% good lubrication, 56.9% good orgasm, and 2% had no pain, and 52.5% were satisfied with their sexual function. There were no significant differences between CAM users and nonusers about sexual functions and all its subscales. Conclusion There were no significant differences between CAM users and nonusers about sexual functions and all its domains. Further research in different communities with different health systems is recommended to investigate the relationship between CAM and sexual function among postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Zahra Isari
- Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Abbaszadeh
- Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | | | - Zahra Kamali Narab
- Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, Razi Faculty of Nursing and MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
| | - Asma Ghonchehpour
- Nursing Research Center, Razi Faculty of Nursing & MidwiferyKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran
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Dehghan M, Malakoutikhah A, Kazemy H, Fattahi Toqroljerdi MH, Mokhtarabadi S, Zakeri MA. The relationship between beliefs in substance craving and quality of life among narcotics anonymous: a cross-sectional study in southeastern Iran. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:126. [PMID: 37081556 PMCID: PMC10116790 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addiction is a chronic and relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and lasting changes in the brain. Low quality of life may influence the substance craving, which leads to relapsing. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between beliefs in substance craving and quality of life among narcotics anonymous. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 202 narcotics anonymous in Kerman, southeastern Iran. Convenience sampling was used to select anonymous patients in the Narcotics Anonymous (NA) association in Kerman city. Narcotics anonymous completed the demographic questionnaire, the Craving Beliefs Questionnaire (CBQ), and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Multiple linear regression model was used to determine the predictors of craving beliefs. The data were then analyzed using SPSS 22. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 38.48 ± 11.32 years. The majority of the samples were male (86.1%), married (65.4%), educated (93.6%) and urban (86.1%). The mean scores of craving beliefs and overall Quality of Life (QOL) were 77.58 ± 20.70 and 64.42 ± 23.13, respectively. Forty-two-point 1% had high level of craving beliefs. We found a significant negative and weak correlation between beliefs in substance craving, physical health domain (r = -0.16, p = 0.02), and overall quality of life (r = -0.15, p = 0.03). History of crack use, job, and physical health domain of QOL were predictors of beliefs in substance craving among the NAs. CONCLUSION Based on the study results, the participants had a high level of substance craving, and some aspects of the quality of life had an impact on the beliefs of addiction. However, it is necessary to conduct more studies in this field; psychological interventions and programs to increase the quality of life may reduce the substance craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- M.Sc. in psychiatric nursing, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Homayoon Kazemy
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Sima Mokhtarabadi
- M.Sc. in Medical Surgical Nursing, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Dehghan M, Arab M, Akafzadeh T, Malakoutikhah A, Mazallahi M, Forouzi MA. Intensive care unit registered nurses' perceived barriers towards ventilated associated pneumonia prevention in southeast Iran: a cross-sectional descriptive - an analytical study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e064147. [PMID: 36167371 PMCID: PMC9516162 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-064147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ventilated associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most common nosocomial infection and complication occurring in intensive care units (ICUs) worldwide. This study aimed to assess the ICU registered nurses' perceived barriers towards VAP prevention in southeast Iran. SETTING This was a cross-sectional descriptive-an analytical study to examine the registered nurses' perceived barriers towards VAP prevention in southeast Iran. PARTICIPANTS The study population consisted of 242 nurses working in ICU and emergency departments. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The data was collected using demographic characteristics' questionnaire and a researcher-made ventilator-associated pneumonia barriers prevention questionnaire. RESULTS The mean score of nurses' perceived barriers towards VAP prevention was 2.82±0.46. The highest mean score of perceived barriers were related to items of 'lack of staff', 'lack of a team-based approach to care and interventions', and 'lack of support from management'. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates most of the barriers are related to organisational factors and lack of teamwork. Further studies are needed to obtain more accurate results. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (IR.KMU.REC.1395.908).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mansoor Arab
- Bam University of Medical Sciences, Medical Surgical Nursing Department, Bam, Iran
| | - Tayebe Akafzadeh
- Nursing Research center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Nursing Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahbubeh Mazallahi
- Nursing Research Center, Department of Critical Care Nursing Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Azizzadeh Forouzi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Malakoutikhah A, Zakeri MA, Koenig HG, Dehghan M. The psychometric properties of the Persian version of the moral injury symptoms scale-health care professionals version. Front Psychol 2022; 13:978572. [PMID: 35992473 PMCID: PMC9389154 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.978572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundHealth care professionals face a number of problems during crises, such as the COVID-19. Studies addressed the prevalence of moral injury among healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lack of a valid standard of moral injury among health care professionals is one of the factors that has made it difficult to identify and treat this complication. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Health Care Professionals (MISS-HP) among health care professionals in Iran.MethodsThis study was conducted to evaluate the validity and reliability of the MISS-HP. The sample included 455 healthcare professionals working in four teaching hospitals in Kerman, who were in direct contact with patients. In this study, face validity, content validity, construct validity (structural and convergent), and internal reliability of the MISS-HP were evaluated. Demographic information questionnaire, the Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-HealthCare Professionals (MISS-HP), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and Impact of Event Scale (IES) were administered to study participants.ResultsThe MISS-HP was evaluated using translation-back translation technique. The content validity index of the items (I-CVI) and the scale (S-CVI) were 0.9 and 0.99, respectively. Exploratory factor analysis showed a three-factor structure in the MISS-HP that explained 57.49% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indices were acceptable. The cut-off point of the questionnaire was 36.5. There was a positive and moderate correlation between the Persian version of MISS-HP, GHQ (r = 0.34), and IES-R (r = 0.40). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the Persian version of MISS-HP was 0.70.ConclusionThis study found that the MISS-HP is a concise, comprehensive, valid and reliable scale for assessing moral injury among health care professionals in clinical or research settings. This scale will be helpful for managers and researchers to identify and plan health policies and improve the psychological state of health care professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Harold G. Koenig
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, and Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- *Correspondence: Mahlagha Dehghan, ,
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Malakoutikhah A, Zakeri MA, Dehghan M. A Comparison Between the Relaxation/Meditation/Mindfulness Tracker t Inventory and the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory for Predicting General Health, Anxiety, and Anger in Adult General Population. Front Psychol 2022; 13:810383. [PMID: 35444599 PMCID: PMC9014811 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.810383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction An individual’s level of mindfulness can predict his/her level of general health, anxiety, and anger. If we have a valuable tool for measuring mindfulness, we can predict such factors more concisely. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare a narrowband and a broadband mindfulness scale in predicting the level of general health, anxiety, and anger in a general population. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study on an Iranian general population (all citizens living in Kerman) from September 22, 2020 to April 14, 2021. The convenience sampling method was used. Data were collated via electronic and paper forms of the Relaxation/Meditation/Mindfulness Tracker t-Persian version (RMMt-P), the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory- Short-Form-Persian version (FMI-P), the General Health Questionnaire, the trait anxiety section of the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the trait anger section of the State–Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2. Results The FMI-P predicted 0.05% of GHQ variance while the first and third levels of RMMt-P predicted 0.145%. The FMI-P predicted 0.19% of anxiety variance, while the first and third levels of RMMt-P predicted 0.195%. The FMI-P predicted 0.0% of anger variance, while the first, second, and third levels of RMMt-P predicted 0.08%. RMMt-P Level 1 was a better predictor of general health, anger, and anxiety. Conclusion The current study found that the RMMt-P was a better predictor of general health and anger than the FMI-P. These findings suggest that the type of questionnaire used in the study of mindfulness is important, but more research is needed to determine the extent of these relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Malakoutikhah A, Zakeri MA, Salehi Derakhtanjani A, Dehghan M. Anxiety, anger, and mindfulness as predictors of general health in the general population during COVID-19 outbreak: A survey in southeast Iran. J Community Psychol 2021; 50:916-927. [PMID: 34409604 PMCID: PMC8426806 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Communities have been exposed to the complications and problems caused by COVID‐19 disease, which has had various and complex effects on general health. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anxiety, anger, mindfulness, and general health in the general population during the COVID‐19 outbreak in Iran. This cross‐sectional study was performed on 456 participants from September 2020 to April 2021. For data collection, Demographic Characteristics Form, General Health Questionnaire, Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory‐Short Form, The trait anxiety section of the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory, The State‐Trait Anger Expression Inventory‐2 were used. General health was positively correlated with anxiety and anger and negatively correlated with mindfulness. Anxiety was positively correlated with anger and negatively correlated with mindfulness. No significant correlation was found between anger and mindfulness. Based on the multiple regression model, anxiety, anger and a family member infected with COVID‐19 were the predictors of general health (p < 0.001). Given that anxiety, anger, and family members infected with COVID‐19 are all predictors of public health, it is suggested that psychological programs and interventions be designed to reduce anxiety and anger, as well as to support family members infected with COVID‐19, to promote general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | | | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Maazallahi M, Ghonchepour A, Sohrabi M, Golestani Z, Parandeh Afshar P, Malakoutikhah A, Dehghan M. Spiritual Well-Being among Medical and Nonmedical Science Students. Scientifica (Cairo) 2021; 2021:6614961. [PMID: 33986969 PMCID: PMC8093076 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6614961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Spiritual well-being is one dimension of health that provides a person with stability, meaning, fulfillment in life, and self-belief. This study aimed to compare the spiritual well-being among students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and the Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman. With the demographic questionnaire and 20-item spiritual well-being scale of the "Paloutzian and Ellison" questionnaire, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 626 students of the universities of medical and nonmedical sciences by the quota sampling method in Kerman in 2017-2018. The scores of spiritual well-being and its two components were significantly higher in nonmedical science students (89.83 ± 16.79) than in the medical science students (81.61 ± 15.21) (p < 0.05). In addition, one percent of the nonmedical science students had a low level, 67.7% had a moderate level, and 31.3% had a high level of spiritual well-being. 0.3% of the medical science students had a low level, 84% had a moderate level, and 15.7% had a high level of spiritual well-being. Since spirituality is important for the profession of medical science students, it may be necessary to expand this component in their curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Maazallahi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Asma Ghonchepour
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Zakiyeh Golestani
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Peiman Parandeh Afshar
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Dehghan M, Malakoutikhah A, Ghaedi Heidari F, Zakeri MA. The Effect of Abdominal Massage on Gastrointestinal Functions: a Systematic Review. Complement Ther Med 2020; 54:102553. [PMID: 33183670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION abdominal massage with regular and rhythmic movements has been used to treat some symptoms of diseases. OBJECTIVES to review data collected from randomized controlled trials regarding the effect of abdominal massage (AM) on gastrointestinal functions (GFs). METHODS we conducted a systematic review of articles accessible through PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Web of Science. All eligible English RCT- published articles related to the effect of AM on GFs were included in the study from the time of their acceptance until June 2019. RESULTS ten studies with 464 patients met the inclusion criteria. Three studies reported that AM alleviated constipation symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis, cancer, and elderly adults. In three studies, AM increased bowel movements in people with constipation and patients undergoing skeletal traction. The results of three studies conducted on intensive care patients showed that AM improved GFs, and decreased abdominal circumference and distension. Two studies showed the effectiveness of AM in reducing the gastric residual volume. However, one study indicated no significant difference between the intervention and control groups. The results of two studies showed that AM did not affect laxative intake, nausea or vomiting, frequency of defecation, and food intake. Furthermore, AM did not decrease ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. The studies reported no adverse effects of AM. CONCLUSIONS there was promising evidence for the effect of AM on GFs. However, further studies are needed to measure the unknown dimensions of AM in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Center, School of Nursing, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Ghaedi Heidari
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Zakeri
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
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Malakoutikhah A, Dehghan M, Ghonchehpoorc A, Parandeh Afshar P, Honarmand A. The effect of different genres of music and silence on relaxation and anxiety: A randomized controlled trial. Explore (NY) 2020; 16:376-381. [PMID: 32217042 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
High stress and anxiety in healthy individuals may lead to use different pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. The study aimed to investigate the effect of different genres of music on anxiety and relaxation in healthy participants. This study was a randomized controlled trial with a cross-over design. Forty-six healthy undergraduates participated in the study and randomly received different genres of music (Pop, Rock, Western Classical, and Persian Traditional) and silence for five consecutive days between February and June 2018. Each participant was her/his own control. Relaxation and the State Anxiety were checked with Smith Relaxation States Inventory 3 and The State Anxiety Inventory before and after listening to 15 min of music or laying down in silence. None of the five procedures were preferred for a more relaxing effect (P > 0.05). Also, none of the interventions were preferred for reduction of the state anxiety (P > 0.05). Although different genres of music, i.e., Pop, Rock, Western Classical, Persian Traditional, could reduce state anxiety and improve relaxation, they had no extra effect compared to Silence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Malakoutikhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Asma Ghonchehpoorc
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Peiman Parandeh Afshar
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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