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Gosper CR, Watson SJ, Fox E, Burbidge AH, Craig MD, Douglas TK, Fitzsimons JA, McNee S, Nicholls AO, O'Connor J, Prober SM, Watson DM, Yates CJ. Fire-mediated habitat change regulates woodland bird species and functional group occurrence. Ecol Appl 2019; 29:e01997. [PMID: 31483902 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In an era characterized by recurrent large wildfires in many parts of the globe, there is a critical need to understand how animal species respond to fires, the rates at which populations can recover, and the functional changes fires may cause. Using quantified changes in habitat parameters over a ~400-yr post-fire chronosequence in an obligate-seeding Australian eucalypt woodland, we build and test predictions of how birds, as individual species and aggregated into functional groups according to their use of specific habitat resources, respond to time since fire. Individual bird species exhibited four generalized response types to time since fire: incline, decline, delayed, and bell. All significant relationships between bird functional group richness or abundance and time since fire were consistent with predictions based on known time-since-fire-associated changes in habitat features putatively important for these bird groups. Consequently, we argue that the bird community is responding to post-fire successional changes in habitat as per the habitat accommodation model, rather than to time since fire per se, and that our functional framework will be of value in predicting bird responses to future disturbances in this and other obligate-seeder forest and woodland ecosystems. Most bird species and functional groups that were affected by time since fire were associated with long-unburned woodlands. In the context of recent large, stand-replacement wildfires that have affected a substantial proportion of obligate-seeder eucalypt woodlands, and the multi-century timescales over which post-fire succession occurs, it would appear preferable from a bird conservation perspective if fires initiating loss of currently long-unburned woodlands were minimized. Once long-unburned woodlands are transformed by fire into recently burned woodlands, there is limited scope for alternative management interventions to accelerate the rate of habitat development after fire, or supplement the resources formerly provided to birds by long-unburned woodlands, with the limited exception of augmenting hollow availability for key hollow-nesting species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl R Gosper
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - Simon J Watson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Forest, Fire and Regions, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Allan H Burbidge
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
| | - Michael D Craig
- Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - Tegan K Douglas
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - James A Fitzsimons
- The Nature Conservancy, Suite 2-01, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Shapelle McNee
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - A O Nicholls
- CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 789, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
| | - James O'Connor
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - David M Watson
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 789, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
| | - Colin J Yates
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
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Le Souef AT, Stojanovic D, Burbidge AH, Vitali SD, Heinsohn R, Dawson R, Warren KS. Retention of transmitter attachments on black cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus spp.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1071/pc130055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the widespread use of telemetry to track the movements of many different avian species, there are few
published studies describing tracking methods for large psittacine birds. Due to their powerful bills and inquisitive
demeanours, large parrots may damage valuable transmitters and confound telemetry studies. We undertook a captive
trial of three attachment methods (collar, harness and tail-mount) and a novel weak-link harness design for black
cockatoos (Calyptorhynchus latirostris, C. baudinii and C. banksii naso). Mean retention times for the transmitter packages
ranged from 44 to 384 days. There was no skin or feather damage to the birds associated with transmitter attachments.
The results showed sufficient transmitter retention times to allow for the collection of valuable movement and survival
data, with no obvious ill effects on animal welfare, and are a first step towards using transmitters on wild cockatoos.
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