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O'Connor J, Mickan BS, Yusiharni E, Singh G, Gurung SK, Siddique KHM, Leopold M, Bolan NS. Characterisation and agronomic evaluation of acidified food waste anaerobic digestate products. J Environ Manage 2024; 355:120565. [PMID: 38461637 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Raw liquid anaerobic digestate was synthesised into nutrient-dense solid digestates via acidification and evaporation. Acidification retained ammonium in the digestate whilst also donating the anion to free ammonium to form an ammonium salt. Digestate was treated with the addition of sulphuric, nitric, and phosphoric acid resulting in the formation of ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate, respectively then evaporated into a solid fertiliser product. FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDS collectively confirm that the addition of acids completely converted the free ammonium in the raw digestate into their respective ammonium salt counterparts. Compounds of potassium chloride, silicon dioxide, calcium carbonate, magnesium ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, and sodium chloride were identified in all solid digestate samples. Plant growth and grain yield was higher in urea ammonium nitrate, raw liquid digestate and acidified digestate products compared to control and unacidified solid digestate. Urea ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrate solid digestate had the highest dry shoot, likely due to the high available nitrogen found in both fertilisers. Overall, acidification and evaporation of liquid digestate can efficiently transform it into a valuable solid fertiliser with a high nutrient density. This process not only has the potential to mitigate handling and storage constraints of low nutrient density digestate in anaerobic digestion facilities but also offers a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilisers.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
| | - Bede S Mickan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; Richgro Garden Products, 203 Acourt Rd, Jandakot, WA, 6164, Australia
| | - Emielda Yusiharni
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Sun K Gurung
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Matthias Leopold
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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Walls GM, O'Connor J, Harbinson M, Duane F, McCann C, McKavanagh P, Johnston DI, Giacometti V, McAleese J, Hounsell AR, Cole AJ, Butterworth KT, McGarry CK, Hanna GG, Jain S. The Association of Incidental Radiation Dose to the Heart Base with Overall Survival and Cardiac Events after Curative-intent Radiotherapy for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Results from the NI-HEART Study. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:119-127. [PMID: 38042669 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2023.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cardiac disease is a dose-limiting toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer radiotherapy. The dose to the heart base has been associated with poor survival in multiple institutional and clinical trial datasets using unsupervised, voxel-based analysis. Validation has not been undertaken in a cohort with individual patient delineations of the cardiac base or for the endpoint of cardiac events. The purpose of this study was to assess the association of heart base radiation dose with overall survival and the risk of cardiac events with individual heart base contours. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients treated between 2015 and 2020 were reviewed for baseline patient, tumour and cardiac details and both cancer and cardiac outcomes as part of the NI-HEART study. Three cardiologists verified cardiac events including atrial fibrillation, heart failure and acute coronary syndrome. Cardiac substructure delineations were completed using a validated deep learning-based autosegmentation tool and a composite cardiac base structure was generated. Cox and Fine-Gray regressions were undertaken for the risk of death and cardiac events. RESULTS Of 478 eligible patients, most received 55 Gy/20 fractions (96%) without chemotherapy (58%), planned with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (71%). Pre-existing cardiovascular morbidity was common (78% two or more risk factors, 46% one or more established disease). The median follow-up was 21.1 months. Dichotomised at the median, a higher heart base Dmax was associated with poorer survival on Kaplan-Meier analysis (20.2 months versus 28.3 months; hazard ratio 1.40, 95% confidence interval 1.14-1.75, P = 0.0017) and statistical significance was retained in multivariate analyses. Furthermore, heart base Dmax was associated with pooled cardiac events in a multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 1.75, 95% confidence interval 1.03-2.97, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Heart base Dmax was associated with the rate of death and cardiac events after adjusting for patient, tumour and cardiovascular factors in the NI-HEART study. This validates the findings from previous unsupervised analytical approaches. The heart base could be considered as a potential sub-organ at risk towards reducing radiation cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Walls
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | - J O'Connor
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - M Harbinson
- Department of Cardiology, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - F Duane
- St. Luke's Radiation Oncology Network, St. Luke's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C McCann
- Department of Cardiology, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - P McKavanagh
- Department of Cardiology, Ulster Hospital, South Eastern Health & Social Care Trust, Dundonald, UK
| | - D I Johnston
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - V Giacometti
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - J McAleese
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK
| | - A R Hounsell
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - A J Cole
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - K T Butterworth
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - C K McGarry
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - G G Hanna
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - S Jain
- Cancer Centre Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK; Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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O'Connor J, Mickan BS, Gurung SK, Siddique KHM, Leopold M, Bolan NS. Enhancing nutrient recovery from food waste anaerobic digestate. Bioresour Technol 2023; 390:129869. [PMID: 37844804 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The study synthesised the raw liquid fraction of digestate into a nutrient rich solid digestate through acidification whilst preventing nitrogen loss through ammonium volatilisation during evaporation. To stabilise ammonium in the digestate, it was acidified with sulphuric, nitric, and phosphoric acid to produce solid digestate with ammonium sulphate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate, respectively. These treatments were compared against urea ammonium nitrate, raw digestate, and unacidified solid digestate. To evaluate the effect of these transformed digestate products in soil, a plant growth experiment (Kikuyu; Cenchrus clandestinus) was conducted, and characterised, plant growth, soil chemistry, and rhizosphere bacterial communities. Plant growth was enhanced by all digestate treatments compared to control and urea ammonium nitrate. Ammonium phosphate solid digestate plant growth was significantly higher than all other acidified treatments due to the high P content. Moreover, digestate-amended soil had elevated Proteobacteria and putative denitrification genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia.
| | - Bede S Mickan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; Richgro Garden Products, 203 Acourt Rd, Jandakot, WA 6164, Australia
| | - Sun K Gurung
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Matthias Leopold
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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Mulryan K, O'Connor J, Egan M, Redmond K. Tracheobronchomalacia: an unusual cause of debilitating dyspnoea and its surgical management. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254229. [PMID: 37977838 PMCID: PMC10660823 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) is a progressive weakening of the airways, leading to collapse and dyspnoea. TBM can be misdiagnosed when multiple chronic conditions accompany it. Tracheobronchoplasty (TBP) is indicated for severe symptomatic TBM, diagnosed by bronchoscopy and CT thorax. We report the case of a patient who underwent tracheal resection and reconstruction for continuing dyspnoea post argon therapy, TBP and a failure to tolerate extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-assisted Y-stent insertion. Relevant background history includes asthma, sleep apnoea, reflux, cardiomyopathy and a high body mass index. Bronchoscopy postreconstruction showed patent airways. Airway reconstruction was a viable management option for this patient's TBM. TBP is a treatment option for TBM. In this case, tracheal resection was required to sustain benefit. In addition, surveillance bronchoscopies will be carried out every year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Mulryan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - James O'Connor
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Beacon Hospital, Sandyford, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Egan
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Anaesthesia, Beacon Hospital, Sandyford, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Karen Redmond
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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Srivastava K, Mickan BS, O'Connor J, Gurung SK, Moheimani NR, Jenkins SN. Development of a controlled release fertilizer by incorporating lauric acid into microalgal biomass: Dynamics on soil biological processes for efficient utilisation of waste resources. J Environ Manage 2023; 344:118392. [PMID: 37384987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
Utilisation of microalgae to extract nutrients from the effluent of anaerobic digestion of food waste is an emerging technology. A by-product of this process is the microalgal biomass which has potential to be used as an organic bio-fertilizer. However, microalgal biomass are rapidly mineralized when applied to soil which may result in N loss. One solution is to emulsify microalgal biomass with lauric acid (LA) to delay the release of mineral N. This study aimed to investigate whether combining LA with microalgae to develop a new fertilizer product with a controlled release function of mineral N when applied to soil, and any potential impacts the bacterial community structure and activity. The treatments were applied to soil emulsified with LA and were combined with either microalgae or urea at rates of 0%, 12.5%, 25% and 50% LA, untreated microalgae or urea and unamended control were incubated at 25 °C and 40% water holding capacity for 28 days. Quantification of soil chemistry (NH4+-N, NO3--N, pH and EC), microbial biomass carbon, CO2 production and bacterial diversity were characterised at 0, 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. The NH4+-N and NO3--N concentration decreased with increasing rate of LA combined microalgae indicating that both N mineralization and nitrification were impacted. As a function of time, NH4+-N concentration increased up to 7 days for the microalgae at lower rates of LA, and then slowly decreased for 14 and 28 days, with an inverse relationship with soil NO3-N. Aligning with soil chemistry, an observed decrease in the predicted nitrification genes amoA·amoB and relative abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria (Nitrosomonadaceae) and nitrifying bacteria (Nitrospiraceae) with an increasing rate of LA with microalgae provides further support for possible inhibition of nitrification. The MBC and CO2 production was higher in the soil amended with increasing rates of LA combined microalgae and there was an increase in the relative abundance of fast-growing heterotrophs. Treating microalgae by emulsification with LA has the potential to control the release of N by increasing immobilization over nitrification and therefore it might be possible to engineer microalgae to match plant nutrient growth requirements whilst recovering waste from waste resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kautilya Srivastava
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6000, WA, Australia
| | - Bede S Mickan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6000, WA, Australia; Richgro Garden Products, 203 Acourt Rd, Jandakot, WA, 6164, Australia.
| | - James O'Connor
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6000, WA, Australia
| | - Sun Kumar Gurung
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6000, WA, Australia
| | - Navid R Moheimani
- Algae R&D Centre, Discipline of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, Murdoch University, WA, 6150, Australia; Centre for Water, Energy and Waste, Harry Butler Institute, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Sasha N Jenkins
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, 6000, WA, Australia
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Walls G, O'Connor J, Harbsinson M, Duane FK, McCann C, McKavanagh P, Johnston D, Giacometti V, McAleese J, Hounsell A, Cole A, Butterworth K, McGarry C, Hanna GG, Jain S. Patient-Level and Endpoint-Specific Clinico-Dosimetric Analysis of the Cardiac Base as a Mediator of Radiation Cardiotoxicity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:e69-e70. [PMID: 37786026 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) Cardiac disease is a dose-limiting toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) radiation therapy. Radiation dose to the cardiac base is associated with poor overall survival in several clinical studies, but has not been validated in a non-dose escalated cohort, or with individual patient delineations. In this study we examined the impact of cardiac base dose on overall survival (OS) and cardiac events (CEs), and interrogated the relationships of the substructures comprising the heart base with OS and CEs. MATERIALS/METHODS Patients with stage I-III NSCLC treated with curative-intent radiation therapy between 2015 and 2020 at a regional cancer center were identified. Clinical notes were examined for baseline patient, tumor and cardiac details, and both cancer and cardiac outcomes. Three cardiologists verified CEs. Cardiac delineations were completed using a validated deep learning-based autosegmentation tool. Cox and Fine and Gray regressions were undertaken for the risk of death and CEs respectively, accounting for pre-specified evidence-based dose metrics and clinically relevant cardiac covariates. RESULTS Most patients received 55 Gy/20# (n = 461/478, 96%) without chemotherapy (58%), planned with VMAT (51%) or IMRT (20%). Pre-existing cardiovascular morbidity was common, with 78% having ≥2 risk factors, and 46% having >1 established cardiac disease. The median follow-up was 21.1 months. Dichotomized at the median, higher heart base Dmax was associated with poorer survival on Kaplan-Meier analysis (21.6 months (95% CI 19.3-24.9) versus 29.4 months (95% CI 21.6-36.6), p = 0.021), and remained significant when statistically compared in published multivariate models. In a multivariate analysis for pooled acute CEs, heart base Dmax was associated with CEs (HR 1.75, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, p = 0.04), but this was not the case for individual CEs. Using Fine and Gray models to account for the competing risk of death, left main coronary maximum dose was associated with atrial fibrillation (p = 0.024), proximal right coronary artery V15 (p = 0.023) and mean dose (p = 0.032), and the right atrium mean dose (p = 0.029) were associated with heart failure. No dose-volume metrics were significantly associated with acute coronary syndrome. None of the constituent base substructures dose were significantly associated with death. CONCLUSION Dose to the heart base was associated with increased mortality and an increased pooled cardiac event rate. Accounting for endpoint-specific clinical covariates, only select constituent substructures of the heart base were associated with CEs and no substructures were independently associated with survival. Together, these findings are suggestive of possible interplay between the constituent base substructures in their mediation of radiation cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Walls
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Connor
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - M Harbsinson
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - F K Duane
- Trinity St James's Cancer Institute, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C McCann
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - P McKavanagh
- South Eastern Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - D Johnston
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - V Giacometti
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - J McAleese
- Belfast Health & Social Care Trust, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - A Hounsell
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - A Cole
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - K Butterworth
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - C McGarry
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - G G Hanna
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - S Jain
- Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, Belfast, United Kingdom
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Whitlow S, Haughey A, O'Connor J, Killeen RP. Prevalence of significant pathology on MRI of brain and orbits in patients presenting with visual disturbance. Eur J Ophthalmol 2023; 33:1834-1840. [PMID: 36862593 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231160990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of our study was to determine the frequency and variety of abnormalities detected on MRI studies of the brain and orbits (MRBO), in patients referred for investigation of visual disturbance from a tertiary ophthalmology centre in Ireland. A secondary objective was to assess the various imaging pathologies identified in this cohort of patients. METHODS The inclusion criteria were patients who underwent an Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain or MRI brain and orbits over a 12-month period for investigation of first episode of visual disturbance, who were over 18 years of age, with visual disturbance of unknown aetiology. Statistical analysis was performed to calculate the percentage of abnormalities and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Additionally, logistic regression was used to investigate any association between age, gender and the pathologies which presented. RESULTS 135 MRI brain and orbit examinations fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Abnormalities were identified on 86 of the 135 examinations (63.7%; 95% CI: 55.3% to 71.3%). Nonspecific T2 hyperintensities were identified on 28 (20.7%) of the examinations, 13 (9.6%) examinations showed images suggestive of demyelination and 11 (8.1%) showed optic neuropathy. The logistic regression analysis showed no evidence of an association between age (p = 0.223), gender (p = 0.307) and abnormalities in this study. CONCLUSION This represents a relatively high detection rate of abnormalities on MRBO when compared with similar studies and shows the important role MRI has in patients with a visual disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Whitlow
- Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - A Haughey
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - J O'Connor
- Royal Victoria Eye and Ear Hospital, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - R P Killeen
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Thomas N, Stankard A, Cosgrave N, Conlon B, Monahan P, Halpin T, Britton D, Byrne P, McShane S, Sohail I, Grogan AM, Reilly A, Thapa A, Alsubaie N, Rane P, O'Connor J, Gray S, Kaja A, Gehani K, Kovalyshyn V, O'Brien H. 92 CONTINUING TO ‘BE HIP’: ORTHOGERIATRIC SERVICE IMPROVEMENTS IN 2021. Age Ageing 2022. [PMCID: PMC9620584 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Scotland first demonstrated that adherence to nationally agreed hip fracture standards improve patient survival, reduces the duration of admission, and reduces the need for high dependency care. Our study aims to assess adherence to the Irish Hip Fracture Standards (IHFS) in our hospital for 2021 amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, translating to improved clinical outcomes for our patients. Methods The IHF database was retrospectively analysed, comparing quarters 1-4 in 2021 with our 2020 results. Results IHFS1, patient time to the ward < 4hours, was maintained at 67% in 2021 versus 71% overall in 2020. There was improvement in IHFS2, time to surgery within 48 hours, up to 73% in 2021 versus 66% in 2020. IHFS3 was 4% in 2021 versus 3% overall in 2020. Further improvements were noted for IHFS4, with 95% of patients reviewed by a Geriatrician in 2021 versus 87% in 2020. IHFS5 also improved with 97% of patients receiving a bone health assessment in 2021 versus 87% in 2020. Moreover, IHFS6, improved with 97% of patients undergoing a specialised falls assessment in 2021 versus 87% in 2020. Conclusion The improvement in 2021 figures is reflective of the return of redeployed services during the COVID-19 pandemic inclusive of the Orthogeriatric Service, the Fracture Liaison Service Advanced Nurse Practitioner, the Trauma Co-ordinator, and the specialist Orthopaedic ward complete with its Orthopaedic nurses and Multi-Disciplinary Team, and improved Emergency Department pathways. These continued improvements in the IHFS further emphasise that success is dependent on a team that is joined at the hip
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Affiliation(s)
- N Thomas
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Stankard
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Cosgrave
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - B Conlon
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Monahan
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - T Halpin
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - D Britton
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Byrne
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S McShane
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - I Sohail
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - AM Grogan
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Reilly
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Thapa
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Alsubaie
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Rane
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - J O'Connor
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S Gray
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Kaja
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - K Gehani
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - V Kovalyshyn
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - H O'Brien
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
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Stankard A, Thomas N, Cosgrave N, Conlon B, Monaghan P, Halpin T, English D, Byrne P, McShane S, Sohail I, Grogan AM, Reilly A, Thapa A, Alsubaie N, Rane P, O'Connor J, Gray S, Kaja A, Gehani K, Kovalyshyn V, O'Brien H. 258 RISING TO THE CHALLENGE: ORTHOGERIATRIC SERVICE IMPROVEMENT AND COVID-19. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Nationally agreed hip fracture standards have contributed to the improvement of outcomes in hip fracture patients. In 2020, our hospital was awarded “The Golden Hip” for achieving highest compliance with Irish Hip Fracture Standards (IHFS) nationally for 2019.
Methods
Data from the Irish Hip Fracture Database (IHFD)was retrospectively analysed to assess our performance in 2020 versus 2019 in hip fracture patients over sixty. Multiple quality improvement interventions were put in place throughout 2019 to ensure improvement in IHFS1-6 compliance: Creation of the Hip Fracture Pathway Subgroup, IHFS 1 Breaches Audit, Orthogeriatric input at Orthopaedic inductions, weekly Multi-disciplinary Team meetings, a Nutritional Hip Fracture Pathway and addition of the Fracture Liaison Service Advanced Nurse Practitioner.
Results
There were 239 hip fracture patients in 2020 vs 249 in 2019. IHFS1 compliance improved with the percentage of patients admitted to the Orthopaedic ward within 4 hours increasing to 71% in 2020 from 56% in 2019. There was improvement in IHFS2-time to surgery <48 hours- 66% in 2020 vs 60% in 2019. IHFS3-pressure ulcer rate-was at the national average, 3% in 2020 vs 2% in 2019. IHFS4 (reviewed by a Geriatrician), IHFS5 (received a bone health assessment) and IHFS6 (received a specialised falls assessment) were lower overall; 87% in 2020 vs 98% in 2019. For all quarters (Q),43% of patients met all IHFS in our hospital in 2020 vs 32% in 2019, resulting in €90,000 in Best Practice Tariff funding.
Conclusion
Lower results for IHFS 4,5 and 6 reflect the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic which led to redeployment of the Orthogeriatric Service and redeployment of the MDT from end of Q1 to Q3. When services in 2020 were preserved,1 in 2 hip fracture patients met all IHFS, vs 1 in 3 patients in 2019. Despite the pandemic, we continued to achieve the highest level of IHFS compliance nationally, being awarded a second consecutive “Golden Hip” for 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stankard
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Thomas
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Cosgrave
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - B Conlon
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Monaghan
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - T Halpin
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - D English
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Byrne
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S McShane
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - I Sohail
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - AM Grogan
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Reilly
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Thapa
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Alsubaie
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Rane
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - J O'Connor
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S Gray
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Kaja
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - K Gehani
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - V Kovalyshyn
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
| | - H O'Brien
- Our Lady Of Lourdes Hospital , Drogheda, Ireland
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10
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Shirsath MA, O'Connor J, Boyle R, Newman L, Whelan R, Knight S, Meaney J, Kenny RA. 148 ORTHOSTATIC HEMODYNAMICS AND ACCELERATED BRAIN AGING. Age Ageing 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afac218.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Impaired recovery of blood pressure (BP) in response to standing up is a prevalent condition in older individuals. We evaluated the relationship between the recovery of hemodynamic responses to standing and brain health in adults over 50.
Methods
Participants from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA) (n=418) performed an active stand challenge while BP and heart rate (HR) were continuously monitored. The recovery of these parameters was determined as the difference in measurements taken at 10 s and 20 s after standing, in relation to the baseline value. The difference between biological and chronological brain age was determined using BrainPAD, a novel validated measure of accelerated brain ageing. The data was fitted using linear regression models, using age, sex, weight, height, cardiac disease prevalence, antihypertensive and antidepressant use, smoking status, standing speed and pulse wave velocity as covariates.
Results
Adjusting for age and sex only, each additional year of BrainPAD was associated with a –0.35 mmHg (95% CI: –0.54 – –0.16, P<.001) change in orthostatic systolic BP recovery. In a fully adjusted model, the regression coefficient was estimated at –0.29 mmHg (95% CI: –0.48 – –0.10, P<.01). Similarly, a year increase in BrainPAD was associated with –0.21 mmHg (95% CI: –0.32– –0.10, P<0.001) and –0.14 mmHg (95% CI: –0.25– –0.04, P<.01) change in orthostatic diastolic BP recovery, for minimally and fully adjusted models respectively. HR recovery was not significantly associated with BrainPAD.
Conclusion
These results demonstrate that impaired systolic and diastolic BP recovery after standing is associated with accelerated brain aging in older individuals. This suggests that the BP response to standing, measured using beat-to-beat monitoring, has potential to be used as a marker of accelerated brain aging, relying on a simple procedure and devices that are easily accessible for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Shirsath
- University of Dublin The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - J O'Connor
- Queen’s University School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, The Patrick G Johnston Centre for Cancer Research, , Belfast, United Kingdom
- University of Dublin The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Boyle
- University of Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - L Newman
- University of Dublin The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - R Whelan
- University of Dublin Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Dublin Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Knight
- University of Dublin The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
| | - J Meaney
- St. James’s Hospital The National Centre for Advanced Medical Imaging (CAMI), , Dublin, Ireland
| | - RA Kenny
- University of Dublin The Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging (TILDA), School of Medicine, Trinity College, , Dublin, Ireland
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11
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Fatania K, Mohamud F, Clark A, Nix M, Short SC, O'Connor J, Scarsbrook AF, Currie S. Intensity standardization of MRI prior to radiomic feature extraction for artificial intelligence research in glioma-a systematic review. Eur Radiol 2022; 32:7014-7025. [PMID: 35486171 PMCID: PMC9474349 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-022-08807-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radiomics is a promising avenue in non-invasive characterisation of diffuse glioma. Clinical translation is hampered by lack of reproducibility across centres and difficulty in standardising image intensity in MRI datasets. The study aim was to perform a systematic review of different methods of MRI intensity standardisation prior to radiomic feature extraction. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS were searched for articles meeting the following eligibility criteria: MRI radiomic studies where one method of intensity normalisation was compared with another or no normalisation, and original research concerning patients diagnosed with diffuse gliomas. Using PRISMA criteria, data were extracted from short-listed studies including number of patients, MRI sequences, validation status, radiomics software, method of segmentation, and intensity standardisation. QUADAS-2 was used for quality appraisal. RESULTS After duplicate removal, 741 results were returned from database and reference searches and, from these, 12 papers were eligible. Due to a lack of common pre-processing and different analyses, a narrative synthesis was sought. Three different intensity standardisation techniques have been studied: histogram matching (5/12), limiting or rescaling signal intensity (8/12), and deep learning (1/12)-only two papers compared different methods. From these studies, histogram matching produced the more reliable features compared to other methods of altering MRI signal intensity. CONCLUSION Multiple methods of intensity standardisation have been described in the literature without clear consensus. Further research that directly compares different methods of intensity standardisation on glioma MRI datasets is required. KEY POINTS • Intensity standardisation is a key pre-processing step in the development of robust radiomic signatures to evaluate diffuse glioma. • A minority of studies compared the impact of two or more methods. • Further research is required to directly compare multiple methods of MRI intensity standardisation on glioma datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavi Fatania
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
- Department of Radiology, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK.
| | | | - Anna Clark
- Department of Medical Physics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Michael Nix
- Department of Medical Physics, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Susan C Short
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - James O'Connor
- Division of Cancer Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Radiology, The Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - Andrew F Scarsbrook
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Stuart Currie
- Department of Radiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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12
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Kumar M, Bolan N, Jasemizad T, Padhye LP, Sridharan S, Singh L, Bolan S, O'Connor J, Zhao H, Shaheen SM, Song H, Siddique KHM, Wang H, Kirkham MB, Rinklebe J. Mobilization of contaminants: Potential for soil remediation and unintended consequences. Sci Total Environ 2022; 839:156373. [PMID: 35649457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Land treatment has become an essential waste management practice. Therefore, soil becomes a major source of contaminants including organic chemicals and potentially toxic elements (PTEs) which enter the food chain, primarily through leaching to potable water sources, plant uptake, and animal transfer. A range of soil amendments are used to manage the mobility of contaminants and subsequently their bioavailability. Various soil amendments, like desorbing agents, surfactants, and chelating agents, have been applied to increase contaminant mobility and bioavailability. These mobilizing agents are applied to increase the contaminant removal though phytoremediation, bioremediation, and soil washing. However, possible leaching of the mobilized pollutants during soil washing is a major limitation, particularly when there is no active plant uptake. This leads to groundwater contamination and toxicity to plants and soil biota. In this context, the present review provides an overview on various soil amendments used to enhance the bioavailability and mobility of organic and inorganic contaminants, thereby facilitating increased risk when soil is remediated in polluted areas. The unintended consequences of the mobilization methods, when used to remediate polluted sites, are discussed in relation to the leaching of mobilized contaminants when active plant growth is absent. The toxicity of targeted and non-targeted contaminants to microbial communities and higher plants is also discussed. Finally, this review work summarizes the existing research gaps in various contaminant mobilization approaches, and prospects for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia.
| | - Tahereh Jasemizad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Srinidhi Sridharan
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lal Singh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur 440020, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shiv Bolan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - James O'Connor
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Haochen Zhao
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Sabry M Shaheen
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment, and Arid Land Agriculture, Department of Arid Land Agriculture, 21589 Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; International Research Centre of Nanotechnology for Himalayan Sustainability (IRCNHS), Shoolini University, Solan 173212, Himachal Pradesh, India.
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13
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O'Connor J, Mickan BS, Rinklebe J, Song H, Siddique KHM, Wang H, Kirkham MB, Bolan NS. Environmental implications, potential value, and future of food-waste anaerobic digestate management: A review. J Environ Manage 2022; 318:115519. [PMID: 35716555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Globally, the valorisation of food waste into digestate through the process of anaerobic digestion is becoming increasingly popular. As a result, a large amount of food-waste digestate will need to be properly utilised. The utilisation of anaerobic digestion for fertiliser and alternative uses is essential to obtain a circular bioeconomy. The review aims to examine the environmental management of food-waste digestate, the value of digestate as a fertiliser and soil conditioner, and the emerging uses and improvements for post-anaerobic digestion reuse of digestate. Odour emissions, contaminants in food waste, emission and leaching of nutrients into the environment, and the regulations, policies, and voluntary initiatives of anaerobic digestion are evaluated in the review. Food-waste digestate can provide essential nutrients, carbon, and bio-stimulants to soils and increase yield. Recently, promising research has shown that digestates can be used in hydroponic systems and potentially replace the use of synthetic fertilisers. The integration of anaerobic digestion with emerging uses, such as extraction of value-added products, algae cultivation, biochar and hydrochar production, can further reduce inhibitory sources of digestate and provide additional economic opportunities for businesses. Moreover, the end-product digestate from these technologies can also be more suitable for use in soil application and hydroponic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Bede S Mickan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hocheol Song
- Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, China; Key laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506-5501, USA
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
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14
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Walls G, Giacometti V, Apte A, Thor M, McCann C, Hanna G, O'Connor J, Deasy J, Hounsell A, Butterworth K, Cole A, Jain S, McGarry C. P1.10-03 A Deep Learning Auto-Segmentation Tool for Cardiac Substructures in 4D Radiotherapy Planning for Locally Advanced Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2022.07.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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O'Connor J, Mickan BS, Siddique KHM, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Bolan NS. Physical, chemical, and microbial contaminants in food waste management for soil application: A review. Environ Pollut 2022; 300:118860. [PMID: 35114306 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Currently, 1.3 billion tonnes of food are thrown away each year, most of which are incinerated or landfilled causing large environmental, social, and economic issues. Therefore, the utilisation of food waste as biofertilisers, such as composts and digestates, is a solution to reduce the problems created by incineration and landfilling whilst simultaneously amending soils. The improper disposal of food wastes and bulking materials can contribute to high levels of contaminants within the end-product. Moreover, the food waste and bulking materials, themselves, may contain trace amounts of contaminants. These contaminants tend to have long half-lives, are easily mobile within soil and plants, can accumulate within the food supply chain, and have moderate to high levels of toxicity. This review aims to examine the current and emerging contaminants of high concern that impact the quality of food-waste fertilisers. The paper presents the volume of current and emerging contaminants of plastics, other physical (particulate) contaminants, heavy metals, pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and pathogens within food-waste composts and digestates. Due to the large extent of organic chemical contaminants and the unknown level of toxicity and persistence, the risk assessment of organic chemical contaminants in the food-supply chain remains largely unknown. This study has presented available data from literature of various contaminants found in food waste, and composts and digestates derived from food waste, and evaluated the data with current regulations globally. Overall, to reduce contaminants in composts and digestates, more studies are required on the implementation of proper disposal separation, effective composting and digestion practices, increased screening of physical contaminants, development of compostable plastics, and increased regulatory policies on emerging, problematic contaminants. Moreover, examination of emerging contaminants in food-waste composts and digestates is needed to ensure food security and reduce future human-health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil (Soil CRC), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Bede S Mickan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, United States
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil (Soil CRC), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia
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16
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Flattery A, McKiernan F, Browne J, Gray J, Zaid T, O'Connor J, Zintl A. The prevalence and distribution of Anaplasma phagocytophilum genotypes in Ixodes ricinus nymphs collected from farm- and woodland sites in Ireland. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101928. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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Zhou C, O'Connor J, Backen A, Valle JW, Bridgewater J, Dive C, Jayson GC. Plasma Tie2 trajectories identify vascular response criteria for VEGF inhibitors across advanced biliary tract, colorectal and ovarian cancers. ESMO Open 2022; 7:100417. [PMID: 35279528 PMCID: PMC9058891 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2022.100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors (VEGFi) are compromised by a lack of validated biomarkers. Previously we showed that changes in the concentration of plasma Tie2 (pTie2) was a response biomarker for bevacizumab. Here, we investigated whether pTie2 can predict response and progression cross-tumour for generic VEGFi treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (n = 124) with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC) received cisplatin/gemcitabine with cediranib or placebo (ABC-03 trial). Concentrations of pTie2 were measured longitudinally from before treatment until disease progression. Data from patients with ovarian cancer (n = 92, ICON7 trial) and patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) (n = 70, Travastin trial) were also included. RESULTS Cediranib-treated ABC patients were deconvoluted into distinct groups where in one group pTie2 trajectories resembled those seen in placebo-treated patients and in another pTie2 significantly reduced (t-test P = 2.7 × 10-14). Using the 95% confidence interval for these two groups, we defined a vascular complete response (vCR) as a 24% reduction in pTie2 within 9 weeks; vascular no response (vNR) as a 7% increase in pTie2, and a vascular partial response (between these limits). vCR cediranib-treated patients had significantly improved progression-free survival (8.8 versus 7.5 months, restricted mean ratio 0.73, P = 0.012) and overall survival (18.8 versus 12.1 months, hazard ratio 0.49, P = 0.02). By integrating data across ovarian cancer, CRC and ABC, we show that (i) patients with vNR do not benefit from VEGFi and (ii) Tie2-defined vascular progression occurs sufficiently in advance of radiological progressive disease that changes in treatment could be offered to prevent clinical deterioration. CONCLUSION pTie2 is the first cross-tumour, generic VEGFi, vascular response biomarker to guide optimum use of VEGFi in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Zhou
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J O'Connor
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK
| | - A Backen
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - J W Valle
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - J Bridgewater
- University College Hospital Macmillan Cancer Centre, Huntley Street, London, UK
| | - C Dive
- CRUK Manchester Institute Cancer Biomarker Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - G C Jayson
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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18
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Waqar M, Trifiletti DM, McBain C, O'Connor J, Coope DJ, Akkari L, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Borst GR. Early Therapeutic Interventions for Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma: Rationale and Review of the Literature. Curr Oncol Rep 2022; 24:311-324. [PMID: 35119629 PMCID: PMC8885508 DOI: 10.1007/s11912-021-01157-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glioblastoma is the commonest primary brain cancer in adults whose outcomes are amongst the worst of any cancer. The current treatment pathway comprises surgery and postoperative chemoradiotherapy though unresectable diffusely infiltrative tumour cells remain untreated for several weeks post-diagnosis. Intratumoural heterogeneity combined with increased hypoxia in the postoperative tumour microenvironment potentially decreases the efficacy of adjuvant interventions and fails to prevent early postoperative regrowth, called rapid early progression (REP). In this review, we discuss the clinical implications and biological foundations of post-surgery REP. Subsequently, clinical interventions potentially targeting this phenomenon are reviewed systematically. RECENT FINDINGS Early interventions include early systemic chemotherapy, neoadjuvant immunotherapy, local therapies delivered during surgery (including Gliadel wafers, nanoparticles and stem cell therapy) and several radiotherapy techniques. We critically appraise and compare these strategies in terms of their efficacy, toxicity, challenges and potential to prolong survival. Finally, we discuss the most promising strategies that could benefit future glioblastoma patients. There is biological rationale to suggest that early interventions could improve the outcome of glioblastoma patients and they should be investigated in future trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mueez Waqar
- Department of Academic Neurological Surgery, Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Daniel M Trifiletti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Mayo 1N, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Catherine McBain
- Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Dept 58, Floor 2a, Room 21-2-13, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - James O'Connor
- Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Dept 58, Floor 2a, Room 21-2-13, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - David J Coope
- Department of Academic Neurological Surgery, Geoffrey Jefferson Brain Research Centre, Salford Royal Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumour Biology and Immunology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Oncode Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfredo Quinones-Hinojosa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road S, Mayo 1N, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Gerben R Borst
- Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Radiotherapy Related Research, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Dept 58, Floor 2a, Room 21-2-13, Wilmslow Road, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
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19
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Hoang SA, Lamb D, Sarkar B, Seshadri B, Kit Yu RM, Anh Tran TK, O'Connor J, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Vo HT, Bolan NS. Phosphorus application enhances alkane hydroxylase gene abundance in the rhizosphere of wild plants grown in petroleum-hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. Environ Res 2022; 204:111924. [PMID: 34487695 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the ability of phosphorus (P) fertilizer to remediate the rhizosphere of three wild plant species (Banksia seminuda, a tree; Chloris truncata, a grass; and Hakea prostrata, a shrub) growing in a soil contaminated with total (aliphatic) petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH). Plant growth, photosynthesis (via chlorophyll fluorescence), soil microbial activity, alkane hydroxylase AlkB (aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading) gene abundance, and TPH removal were evaluated 120 days after planting. Overall, although TPH served as an additional carbon source for soil microorganisms, the presence of TPH in soil resulted in decreased plant growth and photosynthesis. However, growth, photosynthesis, microbial activities, and AlkB gene abundance were enhanced by the application of P fertilizer, thereby increasing TPH removal rates, although the extent and optimum P dosage varied among the plant species. The highest TPH removal (64.66%) was observed in soil planted with the Poaceae species, C. truncata, and amended with 100 mg P kg-1 soil, while H. prostrata showed higher TPH removal compared to the plant belonging to the same Proteaceae family, B. seminuda. The presence of plants resulted in higher AlkB gene abundance and TPH removal relative to the unplanted control. The removal of TPH was associated directly with AlkB gene abundance (R2 > 0.9, p < 0.001), which was affected by plant identity and P levels. The results indicated that an integrated approach involving wild plant species and optimum P amendment, which was determined through experimentation using different plant species, was an efficient way to remediate soil contaminated with TPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Son A Hoang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering, Mientrung University of Civil Engineering, Phu Yen, 56000, Viet Nam
| | - Dane Lamb
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Binoy Sarkar
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom
| | - Balaji Seshadri
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Richard Man Kit Yu
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Thi Kim Anh Tran
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - James O'Connor
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Huy Thanh Vo
- Division of Urban Infrastructural Engineering, Mientrung University of Civil Engineering, Phu Yen, 56000, Viet Nam
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials (GICAN), College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
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20
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Vest M, Grewal H, Shaukat T, Landry I, Nso N, O'Connor J, Rizzo V. Acute Pancreatitis and Prognosticating Its Severity in Young Adults: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e22749. [PMID: 35371853 PMCID: PMC8971073 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis develops into mild acute, moderately severe, and severe forms in multiple clinical scenarios. The severity assessment of pancreatitis relies on various scoring systems, including CT Severity Index (CTSI), Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE-II), Bedside Index for Severity in Acute Pancreatitis (BISAP), Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS), Multiple Organ System Score (MOSS), Glasgow score, and Ranson's Criteria (RC). This case report corresponds to a 20-year-old male with acute pancreatitis of unknown etiology. The RC scoring method produced two points, which could not prognosticate the possible severity of acute pancreatitis in the young patient. The hospital course included intubation with mechanical ventilation and ICU management.
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21
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O'Connor J, Hoang SA, Bradney L, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Bolan NS. Value of dehydrated food waste fertiliser products in increasing soil health and crop productivity. Environ Res 2022; 204:111927. [PMID: 34464617 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dehydration of food waste is a technique in which food waste is dewatered to form a low moisture product. This research characterised the physicochemical properties of different dehydrated food waste products and examined their value in improving physical, biological, and chemical properties of soils. Dehydrated food waste products were slightly acidic (4.7-5.1) with high levels of electrical conductivity (EC) (4.83-7.64 mS cm-1). The products were composed of complex carbohydrates, polysaccharides, alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acid, lipids, and fats and contained high levels of total and available nutrients. Dehydrated food wastes slightly impacted the soil pH; however, they significantly increased soil EC, which may cause soil salinity when applied repeatedly. The food waste products also increased macro-nutrients (N, P, and K) for plants across different soil types. Carbon and nutrients in dehydrated food waste increased microbial activity, measured by basal respiration. Delayed germination and reduced plant growth of corn (Zea mays) and wheat (Triticum aestivum) plants were observed at high application rates of dehydrated food waste. This may have resulted from a combination of phytotoxins, anoxic conditions, salinity as well as the water-repellent nature of dehydrated food waste. However, release of nutrients increased nutrient uptake and plant biomass in corn and wheat plants at low levels of food waste application. The dehydrated food waste products may require composting prior to soil application or incorporation into soil for a long duration prior to planting. These processes will overcome the limitations of phytotoxins, anoxic conditions, salinity, and water repellence. Further work is required to optimise the levels of dehydrated food waste application to improve soil health and crop productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Son A Hoang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lauren Bradney
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, United States
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil (Soil CRC), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6001, Australia.
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22
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Lynch CT, Buttimer C, Epping L, O'Connor J, Walsh N, McCarthy C, O'Brien D, Vaughan C, Semmler T, Bolton D, Coffey A, Lucey B. Phenotypic and genetic analyses of two Campylobacter fetus isolates from a patient with relapsed prosthetic valve endocarditis. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6486444. [PMID: 34962980 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter fetus can cause intestinal and systemic disease in humans and are well established veterinary and economic pathogens. We report the complete genomic sequences of two C. fetus subsp. fetus (Cff) isolates recovered in 2017 (CITCf01) and 2018 (CITCf02) from a case of recurrent prosthetic valve endocarditis. Both were capable of growth aerobically. Their genomes were found to be highly conserved and syntenic with 99.97% average nucleotide identity (ANI) while differences in their respective sap loci defined the temporal separation of their genomes. Based on core genome phylogeny and ANI of 83 Cff genomes belonging to the previously described human-associated Cff lineage, CITCf01 and CITCf02 grouped in a clade of eleven sequence type (ST)3 Cff (including the Cff type strain NCTC 10842T). CITCf01 and CITCf02 were marked for their lack of unique genomic features when compared to isolates within the subspecies and the type strain in particular. We identified point mutations in oxidative stress response genes, among others, that may contribute to aerobiosis. We report a case of Cff causing relapsed prosthetic valve endocarditis and we highlight the sap island as a polymorphic site within the genetically stable ST3 lineage, central to pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caoimhe T Lynch
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Colin Buttimer
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Lennard Epping
- Genome Sequencing and Genomic Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, Berlin, Germany
| | - James O'Connor
- Department of Microbiology, Grenville Place, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Niamh Walsh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Conor McCarthy
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Deirdre O'Brien
- Department of Microbiology, Grenville Place, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Carl Vaughan
- Department of Cardiology, Grenville Place, Mercy University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Torsten Semmler
- Genome Sequencing and Genomic Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Nordufer 20, Berlin, Germany
| | - Declan Bolton
- Food Safety Department, Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15, Ireland
| | - Aidan Coffey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland.,APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brigid Lucey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Rossa Ave, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
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23
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Davey N, McFeely A, Doyle P, Stankard A, Coveney S, Alsubie N, O'Connor J, Conlon B, Monahan P, Byrne P, Britton D, Halpin T, McShane S, Sohail I, Lynch O, Basit M, NiBhuachalla B, Mulroy M, O'Brien H. 103 ORTHOGERIATRIC SERVICES IN THE FACE OF COVID-19. Age Ageing 2021. [PMCID: PMC8690012 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afab219.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nationally agreed standards improve the level of care delivered to all older, frail, multi-morbid patients presenting with hip fractures. Dedicated Orthogeriatric services allow for these standards to be achieved in a multi-disciplinary team (MDT) setting. As the COVID-19 pandemic reached our shores, the model of care set out by the Irish Hip Fracture Standards (IHFS) was under threat. Our dedicated Orthopaedic Trauma ward became an acute COVID ward and the Orthogeriatric service was re-deployed to acute medicine for Quarter 2. Methods Using the Irish Hip Fracture Database, local data was analysed and compared with national data from Quarter 1 to 4 (Q1–4) in 2020. Results When comparing local IHFS’s with national figures, ongoing challenges and future goals are highlighted. In 2020, there were 222 hip fracture patients (mean age 81.8 years) in our hospital. Standard 1, time to the ward <4 hours, stands at 71% locally (national average 33%). Standard 2, time to theatre <48 hours, is an ongoing challenge and remains at 66% (national average 75%). Standard 3, pressure ulcer rate, was the same as the national average at 3%. Standards 4, 5 and 6 in our hospital stand at 87% (national averages of 82%, 91% and 85% respectively). In Q1, 56%, or over 1 in every 2 patients with hip fractures, met all of the Irish Hip Fracture Standards in our hospital. In Q2, only 18% of patients met all of the IHFS’s. Q3 saw improvements with 47% of all hip fracture patients achieving all IHFS’s. Q4 showed maintenance with 45% of all patients achieving all IHFS’s. Conclusion These findings highlight the need for a dedicated Orthogeriatric Service and Orthopaedic ward at all times. Going forward with the risk of future waves and the emergence of new variants, every effort should be made to maintain a comprehensive orthogeriatric service to minimise a negative impact on patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Davey
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A McFeely
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Doyle
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - A Stankard
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S Coveney
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - N Alsubie
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - J O'Connor
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - B Conlon
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Monahan
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - P Byrne
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - D Britton
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - T Halpin
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - S McShane
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - I Sohail
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - O Lynch
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - M Basit
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - B NiBhuachalla
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - M Mulroy
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - H O'Brien
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital Drogheda, Drogheda, Ireland
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24
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Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive debilitating disease with diminished quality of life after COPD hospital admissions. Due to the nature of the disease, it is important to address patients' goals of care, preferably prior to the development of refractory COPD. Advance Care Planning (ACP) is an all-encompassing term that involves discussing goals with patients. Various review articles on ACP and COPD focus on defining ACP, identifying barriers to addressing ACP, and using interventions to incorporate ACP in practice. There is evidence that ACP improves quality of communication, reduces admissions, and increases quality of life, but often the focus of that research has been on patients with cancer. Many of the articles have suggestions for how to apply ACP to chronic lung disease, but without further research and definitive guidance it may be difficult to obtain funding for programs dedicated to ACP. There are currently no guidelines for addressing ACP in patients with COPD. Research addresses why advance care planning is important, yet there are barriers that patients, families, and healthcare providers encounter, preventing meaningful discussions. Research has also found that utilizing multidisciplinary teams improves care and quality of life, yet research should be dedicated to investigating the effects of advance care planning initiatives on outcomes in patients with COPD, particularly in reducing hospital admissions and improving quality of life. This review seeks to educate providers about end-stage COPD and advance care planning, the evidence demonstrating advance care planning's importance, and the current and future state of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily K Rose
- Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine.
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25
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O'Connor J, Nguyen TBT, Honeyands T, Monaghan B, O'Dea D, Rinklebe J, Vinu A, Hoang SA, Singh G, Kirkham MB, Bolan N. Production, characterisation, utilisation, and beneficial soil application of steel slag: A review. J Hazard Mater 2021; 419:126478. [PMID: 34323725 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Slags are a co-product produced by the steel manufacturing industry and have mainly been utilised for aggregates in concreting and road construction. The increased utilisation of slag can increase economic growth and sustainability for future generations by creating a closed-loop system, circular economy within the metallurgical industries. Slags can be used as a soil amendment, and slag characteristics may reduce leachate potential of heavy metals, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, as well as contain essential nutrients required for agricultural use and environmental remediation. This review aims to examine various slag generation processes in steel plants, their physicochemical characteristics in relation to beneficial utilisation as a soil amendment, and environmental implications and risk assessment of their utilisation in agricultural soils. In relation to enhancing recycling of these resources, current and emerging techniques to separate iron and phosphorus slag compositions are also outlined in this review. Although there are no known immediate direct threats posed by slag on human health, the associated risks include potential heavy metal contamination, leachate contamination, and bioaccumulation of heavy metals in plants, thereby reaching the food chain. Further research in this area is required to assess the long-term effects of slag in agricultural soils on animal and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia
| | - Thi Bang Tuyen Nguyen
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia
| | - Tom Honeyands
- Newcastle Institute for Energy and Resources (NIER), University of Newcastle, 70 Vale St, Shortland, NSW 2307, Australia.
| | - Brian Monaghan
- University of Wollongong, Northfields Ave, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Damien O'Dea
- BHP, 480 Queen St, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany; Department of Environment, Energy and Geoinformatics, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-Dong, Guangjin-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - Son A Hoang
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Gurwinder Singh
- Global Innovative Center for Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan 2308, NSW, Australia
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- College of Engineering, Science and Enviornment, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6001, Australia
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26
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Iliff HA, El-Boghdadly K, Ahmad I, Davis J, Harris A, Khan S, Lan-Pak-Kee V, O'Connor J, Powell L, Rees G, Tatla TS. Management of haematoma after thyroid surgery: systematic review and multidisciplinary consensus guidelines from the Difficult Airway Society, the British Association of Endocrine and Thyroid Surgeons and the British Association of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. Anaesthesia 2021; 77:82-95. [PMID: 34545943 PMCID: PMC9291554 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Haematoma after thyroid surgery can lead to airway obstruction and death. We therefore developed guidelines to improve the safety of peri‐operative care of patients undergoing thyroid surgery. We conducted a systematic review to inform recommendations, with expert consensus used in the absence of high‐quality evidence, and a Delphi study was used to ratify recommendations. We highlight the importance of multidisciplinary team management and make recommendations in key areas including: monitoring; recognition; post‐thyroid surgery emergency box; management of suspected haematoma following thyroid surgery; cognitive aids; post‐haematoma evacuation care; day‐case thyroid surgery; training; consent and pre‐operative communication; postoperative communication; and institutional policies. The guidelines support a multidisciplinary approach to the management of suspected haematoma following thyroid surgery through oxygenation and evaluation; haematoma evacuation; and tracheal intubation. They have been produced with materials to support implementation. While these guidelines are specific to thyroid surgery, the principles may apply to other forms of neck surgery. These guidelines and recommendations provided are the first in this area and it is hoped they will support multidisciplinary team working, improving care and outcomes for patients having thyroid surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Iliff
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK.,Health Education and Improvement Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - K El-Boghdadly
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, London, UK
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Peri-operative Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Davis
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Medway NHS Foundation Trust, Gillingham, UK
| | - A Harris
- Patient Representative, London, UK
| | - S Khan
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - V Lan-Pak-Kee
- Department of Anaesthesia, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - J O'Connor
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - L Powell
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK.,Health Education and Improvement Wales, Cardiff, UK
| | - G Rees
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cwm Taf Morgannwg University Health Board, Merthyr, UK
| | - T S Tatla
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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27
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O'Connor J, Hoang SA, Bradney L, Dutta S, Xiong X, Tsang DCW, Ramadass K, Vinu A, Kirkham MB, Bolan NS. A review on the valorisation of food waste as a nutrient source and soil amendment. Environ Pollut 2021; 272:115985. [PMID: 33190977 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Valorisation of food waste offers an economical and environmental opportunity, which can reduce the problems of its conventional disposal. Food waste is commonly disposed of in landfills or incinerated, causing many environmental, social, and economic issues. Large amounts of food waste are produced in the food supply chain of agriculture: production, post-harvest, distribution (transport), processing, and consumption. Food waste can be valorised into a range of products, including biofertilisers, bioplastics, biofuels, chemicals, and nutraceuticals. Conversion of food waste into these products can reduce the demand of fossil-derived products, which have historically contributed to large amounts of pollution. The variety of food chain suppliers offers a wide range of feedstocks that can be physically, chemically, or biologically altered to form an array of biofertilisers and soil amendments. Composting and anaerobic digestion are the main large-scale conversion methods used today to valorise food waste products to biofertilisers and soil amendments. However, emerging conversion methods such as dehydration, biochar production, and chemical hydrolysis have promising characteristics, which can be utilised in agriculture as well as for soil remediation. Valorising food waste into biofertilisers and soil amendments has great potential to combat land degradation in agricultural areas. Biofertilisers are rich in nutrients that can reduce the dependability of using conventional mineral fertilisers. Food waste products, unlike mineral fertilisers, can also be used as soil amendments to improve productivity. These characteristics of food wastes assist in the remediation of contaminated soils. This paper reviews the volume of food waste within the food chain and types of food waste feedstocks that can be valorised into various products, including the conversion methods. Unintended consequences of the utilisation of food waste as biofertilisers and soil-amendment products resulting from their relatively low concentrations of trace element nutrients and presence of potentially toxic elements are also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O'Connor
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Son A Hoang
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Lauren Bradney
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinni Xiong
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Daniel C W Tsang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Ajayan Vinu
- Global Innovative Centre for Advanced Nanomaterials, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nanthi S Bolan
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Cooperative Research Centre for High Performance Soil, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
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Bayraktarov E, Ehmke G, Tulloch AIT, Chauvenet AL, Avery‐Gomm S, McRae L, Wintle BA, O'Connor J, Driessen J, Watmuff J, Nguyen HA, Garnett ST, Woinarski J, Barnes M, Morgain R, Guru S, Possingham HP. A threatened species index for Australian birds. Conservat Sci and Prac 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Bayraktarov
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Glenn Ehmke
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
- BirdLife Australia Carlton Victoria Australia
| | - Ayesha I. T. Tulloch
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Alienor L. Chauvenet
- Environmental Futures Research Institute, School of Environment and Science Griffith University Gold Coast Queensland Australia
| | - Stephanie Avery‐Gomm
- School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Louise McRae
- Institute of Zoology Zoological Society of London London UK
| | | | | | | | - James Watmuff
- Apps & Development Planticle Rylstone New South Wales Australia
| | - Hoang Anh Nguyen
- Research Computing Centre The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
| | | | | | - Megan Barnes
- Centre for Environmental Economics & Policy, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - Rachel Morgain
- Fenner School of Environment and Society The Australian National University Acton Australian Capital Territory Australia
| | - Siddeswara Guru
- TERN The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072 Australia
| | - Hugh P. Possingham
- Centre for Biodiversity and Conservation Science The University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
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O'Donnell S, Doyle G, O'Malley G, Browne S, O'Connor J, Mars M, Kechadi MTM. Establishing consensus on key public health indicators for the monitoring and evaluating childhood obesity interventions: a Delphi panel study. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1733. [PMID: 33203390 PMCID: PMC7670696 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09814-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is influenced by myriad individual, societal and environmental factors that are not typically reflected in current interventions. Socio-ecological conditions evolve and require ongoing monitoring in terms of assessing their influence on child health. The aim of this study was to identify and prioritise indicators deemed relevant by public health authorities for monitoring and evaluating childhood obesity interventions. METHOD A three-round Delphi Panel composed of experts from regions across Europe, with a remit in childhood obesity intervention, were asked to identify indicators that were a priority in their efforts to address childhood obesity in their respective jurisdictions. In Round 1, 16 panellists answered a series of open-ended questions to identify the most relevant indicators concerning the evaluation and subsequent monitoring of interventions addressing childhood obesity, focusing on three main domains: built environments, dietary environments, and health inequalities. In Rounds 2 and 3, panellists rated the importance of each of the identified indicators within these domains, and the responses were then analysed quantitatively. RESULTS Twenty-seven expert panellists were invited to participate in the study. Of these, 16/27 completed round 1 (5 9% response rate), 14/16 completed round 2 (87.5% response rate), and 8/14 completed the third and final round (57% response rate). Consensus (defined as > 70% agreement) was reached on a total of 45 of the 87 indicators (49%) across three primary domains (built and dietary environments and health inequalities), with 100% consensus reached for 5 of these indicators (6%). CONCLUSION Forty-five potential indicators were identified, pertaining primarily to the dietary environment, built environment and health inequalities. These results have important implications more widely for evaluating interventions aimed at childhood obesity reduction and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane O'Donnell
- School of Sociology, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8,, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Gerardine Doyle
- UCD College of Business and UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy, University College Dublin, Dublin, A94 XF34, Ireland
| | - Grace O'Malley
- School of Physiotherapy, Division of Population Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, D02 YN77, Dublin, Ireland.,Children's Health Ireland, Temple Street, D01 XD99, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sarah Browne
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, Woodview House, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin, 04V1W8, Ireland
| | - James O'Connor
- School of Computer Science, Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Monica Mars
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, PO Box 17, NL-6700, AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - M-Tahar M Kechadi
- School of Computer Science, Insight Centre for Data Analytics, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8, Dublin, Ireland
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Murray RM, Mondelli V, Stilo SA, Trotta A, Sideli L, Ajnakina O, Ferraro L, Vassos E, Iyegbe C, Schoeler T, Bhattacharyya S, Marques TR, Dazzan P, Lopez-Morinigo J, Colizzi M, O'Connor J, Falcone MA, Quattrone D, Rodriguez V, Tripoli G, La Barbera D, La Cascia C, Alameda L, Trotta G, Morgan C, Gaughran F, David A, Di Forti M. The influence of risk factors on the onset and outcome of psychosis: What we learned from the GAP study. Schizophr Res 2020; 225:63-68. [PMID: 32037203 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The GAP multidisciplinary study carried out in South London, recruited 410 first episode of psychosis patients and 370 controls; the aim was to elucidate the multiple genetic and environmental factors influencing the onset and outcome of psychosis. The study demonstrated the risk increasing effect of adversity in childhood (especially parental loss, abuse, and bullying) on onset of psychosis especially positive symptoms. Adverse life events more proximal to onset, being from an ethnic minority, and cannabis use also played important roles; indeed, one quarter of new cases of psychosis could be attributed to use of high potency cannabis. The "jumping to conclusions" bias appeared to mediate the effect of lower IQ on vulnerability to psychosis. We confirmed that environmental factors operate on the background of polygenic risk, and that genetic and environment act together to push individuals over the threshold for manifesting the clinical disorder. The study demonstrated how biological pathways involved in the stress response (HPA axis and immune system) provide important mechanisms linking social risk factors to the development of psychotic symptoms. Further evidence implicating an immune/inflammatory component to psychosis came from our finding of complement dysregulation in FEP. Patients also showed an upregulation of the antimicrobial alpha-defensins, as well as differences in expression patterns of genes involved in NF-κB signaling and Cytokine Production. Being of African origin not only increased risk of onset but also of a more difficult course of illness. The malign effect of childhood adversity predicted a poorer outcome as did continued use of high potency cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Murray
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - V Mondelli
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - S A Stilo
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - A Trotta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Sideli
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - O Ajnakina
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Ferraro
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - E Vassos
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - C Iyegbe
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T Schoeler
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Bhattacharyya
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - T R Marques
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - P Dazzan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Lopez-Morinigo
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Psychiatry, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Colizzi
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J O'Connor
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Neuropsychology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - M A Falcone
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - D Quattrone
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - V Rodriguez
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Tripoli
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D La Barbera
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - C La Cascia
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - L Alameda
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - G Trotta
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - C Morgan
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F Gaughran
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A David
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Institute of Mental Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - M Di Forti
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, UK; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Adamson P, Anghel I, Aurisano A, Barr G, Blake A, Cao SV, Carroll TJ, Castromonte CM, Chen R, Childress S, Coelho JAB, De Rijck S, Evans JJ, Feldman GJ, Flanagan W, Gabrielyan M, Germani S, Gomes RA, Gouffon P, Graf N, Grzelak K, Habig A, Hahn SR, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Holin A, Huang J, Koerner LW, Kordosky M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Miller WH, Mills G, Naples D, Nelson JK, Nichol RJ, O'Connor J, Pahlka RB, Pavlović Ž, Pawloski G, Perch A, Pfützner MM, Phan DD, Plunkett RK, Poonthottathil N, Qiu X, Radovic A, Sail P, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreckenberger A, Sharma R, Sousa A, Tagg N, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Timmons A, Todd J, Tognini SC, Toner R, Torretta D, Vahle P, Weber A, Whitehead LH, Wojcicki SG. Precision Constraints for Three-Flavor Neutrino Oscillations from the Full MINOS+ and MINOS Dataset. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:131802. [PMID: 33034464 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.131802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the final measurement of the neutrino oscillation parameters Δm_{32}^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23} using all data from the MINOS and MINOS+ experiments. These data were collected using a total exposure of 23.76×10^{20} protons on target producing ν_{μ} and ν[over ¯]_{μ} beams and 60.75 kt yr exposure to atmospheric neutrinos. The measurement of the disappearance of ν_{μ} and the appearance of ν_{e} events between the Near and Far detectors yields |Δm_{32}^{2}|=2.40_{-0.09}^{+0.08}(2.45_{-0.08}^{+0.07})×10^{-3} eV^{2} and sin^{2}θ_{23}=0.43_{-0.04}^{+0.20}(0.42_{-0.03}^{+0.07}) at 68% C.L. for normal (inverted) hierarchy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - I Anghel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - A Aurisano
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - G Barr
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - A Blake
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - S V Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T J Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C M Castromonte
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, GO, Brazil
| | - R Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - S Childress
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J A B Coelho
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - S De Rijck
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J J Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G J Feldman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - W Flanagan
- Department of Physics, University of Dallas, Irving, Texas 75062, USA
| | - M Gabrielyan
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - S Germani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R A Gomes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, GO, Brazil
| | - P Gouffon
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N Graf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - K Grzelak
- Department of Physics, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Habig
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - S R Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Hartnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Hatcher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Holin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - L W Koerner
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - M Kordosky
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - A Kreymer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Lang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - P Lucas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W A Mann
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M L Marshak
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Mayer
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - R Mehdiyev
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J R Meier
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - W H Miller
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Mills
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Naples
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - J K Nelson
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - R J Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Connor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R B Pahlka
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - Ž Pavlović
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Pawloski
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Perch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M M Pfützner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D D Phan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R K Plunkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Poonthottathil
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - X Qiu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Radovic
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - P Sail
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M C Sanchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - J Schneps
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - A Schreckenberger
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R Sharma
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sousa
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - N Tagg
- Otterbein University, Westerville, Ohio 43081, USA
| | - J Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M A Thomson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - A Timmons
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Todd
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - S C Tognini
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, GO, Brazil
| | - R Toner
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - D Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - P Vahle
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - A Weber
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - L H Whitehead
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S G Wojcicki
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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Pisano C, O'Connor J, Krick S, Russell DW. A Fatal Case of Pneumocephalus during Computed Tomography-guided Lung Biopsy. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 201:e83-e84. [PMID: 32050079 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201902-0280im] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Pisano
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - James O'Connor
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Derek W Russell
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Tran QK, Famuyiwa O, Haase DJ, Holland K, Lawner B, Matta S, McGuin L, Menaker J, Menne A, Ngono EE, Niles E, O'Connor J, Scalea T, Galvagno S. Care Intensity During Transport to the Critical Care Resuscitation Unit: Transport Clinician's Role. Air Med J 2020; 39:473-478. [PMID: 33228897 DOI: 10.1016/j.amj.2020.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patients are often transferred between hospitals for a higher level of care. Critically ill patients require high-intensity care after transfer, but their care intensity during transport is unknown. We studied transport clinicians' management for patients who had time-sensitive or critical illnesses and were transferred to a critical care resuscitation unit (CCRU) at a quaternary academic center. METHODS We prospectively surveyed transport clinicians who brought interhospital transport patients to the CCRU between March 1, 2019, and January 8, 2020. The primary outcome was care intensity during transport, which was defined as new interventions rendered by transport clinicians. RESULTS We analyzed 852 surveys. Seventy-four percent of transports occurred by ground, and 54% originated from emergency departments. Up to 19% of patients received 2 or more interventions, whereas 29% received at least 1 intervention during transport. Ventilator management occurred in 25% of cases. When adjusting for known confounders, respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome, air transport, and contacting the CCRU attending physicians en route were associated with a higher likelihood of an intervention during transport. CONCLUSION Transport clinicians provided new interventions in 48% of patients being transferred to the CCRU. Patients with respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome and those transported by helicopter emergency medical services were more likely to receive interventions en route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy K Tran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Research Associate Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Olufisola Famuyiwa
- Research Associate Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Daniel J Haase
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kaitlynn Holland
- The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Benjamin Lawner
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Maryland ExpressCare Critical Care Transport, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Samuel Matta
- John Hopkins Lifeline, John Hopkins Medical Institution, Baltimore, MD
| | - Leigha McGuin
- Maryland ExpressCare Critical Care Transport, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jay Menaker
- Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ashley Menne
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Edgard E Ngono
- Research Associate Program, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Erin Niles
- The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - James O'Connor
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thomas Scalea
- Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Samuel Galvagno
- Program in Trauma, The R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Adamson P, An FP, Anghel I, Aurisano A, Balantekin AB, Band HR, Barr G, Bishai M, Blake A, Blyth S, Cao GF, Cao J, Cao SV, Carroll TJ, Castromonte CM, Chang JF, Chang Y, Chen HS, Chen R, Chen SM, Chen Y, Chen YX, Cheng J, Cheng ZK, Cherwinka JJ, Childress S, Chu MC, Chukanov A, Coelho JAB, Cummings JP, Dash N, De Rijck S, Deng FS, Ding YY, Diwan MV, Dohnal T, Dolzhikov D, Dove J, Dvořák M, Dwyer DA, Evans JJ, Feldman GJ, Flanagan W, Gabrielyan M, Gallo JP, Germani S, Gomes RA, Gonchar M, Gong GH, Gong H, Gouffon P, Graf N, Grzelak K, Gu WQ, Guo JY, Guo L, Guo XH, Guo YH, Guo Z, Habig A, Hackenburg RW, Hahn SR, Hans S, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, He M, Heeger KM, Heng YK, Higuera A, Holin A, Hor YK, Hsiung YB, Hu BZ, Hu JR, Hu T, Hu ZJ, Huang HX, Huang J, Huang XT, Huang YB, Huber P, Jaffe DE, Jen KL, Ji XL, Ji XP, Johnson RA, Jones D, Kang L, Kettell SH, Koerner LW, Kohn S, Kordosky M, Kramer M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Langford TJ, Lee J, Lee JHC, Lei RT, Leitner R, Leung JKC, Li F, Li HL, Li JJ, Li QJ, Li S, Li SC, Li SJ, Li WD, Li XN, Li XQ, Li YF, Li ZB, Liang H, Lin CJ, Lin GL, Lin S, Ling JJ, Link JM, Littenberg L, Littlejohn BR, Liu JC, Liu JL, Liu Y, Liu YH, Lu C, Lu HQ, Lu JS, Lucas P, Luk KB, Ma XB, Ma XY, Ma YQ, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Marshall C, Martinez Caicedo DA, Mayer N, McDonald KT, McKeown RD, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Meng Y, Miller WH, Mills G, Mora Lepin L, Naples D, Napolitano J, Naumov D, Naumova E, Nelson JK, Nichol RJ, O'Connor J, Ochoa-Ricoux JP, Olshevskiy A, Pahlka RB, Pan HR, Park J, Patton S, Pavlović Ž, Pawloski G, Peng JC, Perch A, Pfützner MM, Phan DD, Plunkett RK, Poonthottathil N, Pun CSJ, Qi FZ, Qi M, Qian X, Qiu X, Radovic A, Raper N, Ren J, Reveco CM, Rosero R, Roskovec B, Ruan XC, Sail P, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreckenberger A, Shaheed N, Sharma R, Sousa A, Steiner H, Sun JL, Tagg N, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Timmons A, Tmej T, Todd J, Tognini SC, Toner R, Torretta D, Treskov K, Tse WH, Tull CE, Vahle P, Viren B, Vorobel V, Wang CH, Wang J, Wang M, Wang NY, Wang RG, Wang W, Wang W, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang YF, Wang Z, Wang Z, Wang ZM, Weber A, Wei HY, Wei LH, Wen LJ, Whisnant K, White C, Whitehead LH, Wojcicki SG, Wong HLH, Wong SCF, Worcester E, Wu DR, Wu FL, Wu Q, Wu WJ, Xia DM, Xie ZQ, Xing ZZ, Xu JL, Xu T, Xue T, Yang CG, Yang L, Yang YZ, Yao HF, Ye M, Yeh M, Young BL, Yu HZ, Yu ZY, Yue BB, Zeng S, Zeng Y, Zhan L, Zhang C, Zhang FY, Zhang HH, Zhang JW, Zhang QM, Zhang XT, Zhang YM, Zhang YX, Zhang YY, Zhang ZJ, Zhang ZP, Zhang ZY, Zhao J, Zhou L, Zhuang HL. Improved Constraints on Sterile Neutrino Mixing from Disappearance Searches in the MINOS, MINOS+, Daya Bay, and Bugey-3 Experiments. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:071801. [PMID: 32857527 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.071801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Searches for electron antineutrino, muon neutrino, and muon antineutrino disappearance driven by sterile neutrino mixing have been carried out by the Daya Bay and MINOS+ collaborations. This Letter presents the combined results of these searches, along with exclusion results from the Bugey-3 reactor experiment, framed in a minimally extended four-neutrino scenario. Significantly improved constraints on the θ_{μe} mixing angle are derived that constitute the most constraining limits to date over five orders of magnitude in the mass-squared splitting Δm_{41}^{2}, excluding the 90% C.L. sterile-neutrino parameter space allowed by the LSND and MiniBooNE observations at 90% CL_{s} for Δm_{41}^{2}<13 eV^{2}. Furthermore, the LSND and MiniBooNE 99% C.L. allowed regions are excluded at 99% CL_{s} for Δm_{41}^{2}<1.6 eV^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - F P An
- Institute of Modern Physics, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai
| | - I Anghel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - A Aurisano
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - A B Balantekin
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - H R Band
- Wright Laboratory and Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - G Barr
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Bishai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Blake
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - S Blyth
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - G F Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J Cao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - S V Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T J Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C M Castromonte
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, Goias, Brazil
| | - J F Chang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Chang
- National United University, Miao-Li
| | - H S Chen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - R Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Y Chen
- Shenzhen University, Shenzhen
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y X Chen
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing
| | - J Cheng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z K Cheng
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J J Cherwinka
- Physics Department, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - S Childress
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M C Chu
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - A Chukanov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J A B Coelho
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | | | - N Dash
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - S De Rijck
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - F S Deng
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Y Y Ding
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M V Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - T Dohnal
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - D Dolzhikov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J Dove
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - M Dvořák
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - D A Dwyer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - J J Evans
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - G J Feldman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - W Flanagan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Dallas, Irving, Texas 75062, USA
| | - M Gabrielyan
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J P Gallo
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - S Germani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R A Gomes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, Goias, Brazil
| | - M Gonchar
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - G H Gong
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - H Gong
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - P Gouffon
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - N Graf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - K Grzelak
- Department of Physics, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Q Gu
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Y Guo
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - L Guo
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - X H Guo
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing
| | - Y H Guo
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - Z Guo
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - A Habig
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - R W Hackenburg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - S R Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S Hans
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - J Hartnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Hatcher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M He
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - K M Heeger
- Wright Laboratory and Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - Y K Heng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - A Higuera
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - A Holin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - Y K Hor
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y B Hsiung
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - B Z Hu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - J R Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - T Hu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z J Hu
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - H X Huang
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - J Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - Y B Huang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - P Huber
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - D E Jaffe
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - K L Jen
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - X L Ji
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X P Ji
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - R A Johnson
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - D Jones
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Kang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - S H Kettell
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L W Koerner
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - S Kohn
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - M Kordosky
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - M Kramer
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Kreymer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Lang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T J Langford
- Wright Laboratory and Department of Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA
| | - J Lee
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - J H C Lee
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - R T Lei
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - R Leitner
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J K C Leung
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - F Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - H L Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J J Li
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Q J Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - S Li
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - S C Li
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S J Li
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - W D Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X N Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - X Q Li
- School of Physics, Nankai University, Tianjin
| | - Y F Li
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z B Li
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - H Liang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - C J Lin
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - G L Lin
- Institute of Physics, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu
| | - S Lin
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - J J Ling
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J M Link
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - L Littenberg
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B R Littlejohn
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - J C Liu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J L Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - Y Liu
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | | | - C Lu
- Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - H Q Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J S Lu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - P Lucas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K B Luk
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - X B Ma
- North China Electric Power University, Beijing
| | - X Y Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Q Ma
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - W A Mann
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M L Marshak
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - C Marshall
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - D A Martinez Caicedo
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - N Mayer
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - K T McDonald
- Joseph Henry Laboratories, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - R D McKeown
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R Mehdiyev
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J R Meier
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Y Meng
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - W H Miller
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - G Mills
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - L Mora Lepin
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - D Naples
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - J Napolitano
- Department of Physics, College of Science and Technology, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Naumov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - E Naumova
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J K Nelson
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - R J Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J O'Connor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J P Ochoa-Ricoux
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - A Olshevskiy
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - R B Pahlka
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - H-R Pan
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, Taipei
| | - J Park
- Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S Patton
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - Ž Pavlović
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - G Pawloski
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J C Peng
- Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Perch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M M Pfützner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D D Phan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R K Plunkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Poonthottathil
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C S J Pun
- Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - F Z Qi
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Qi
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - X Qian
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - X Qiu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Radovic
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - N Raper
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J Ren
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - C Morales Reveco
- Instituto de Física, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Rosero
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B Roskovec
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - X C Ruan
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing
| | - P Sail
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M C Sanchez
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - J Schneps
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - A Schreckenberger
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | | | - R Sharma
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sousa
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - H Steiner
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - J L Sun
- China General Nuclear Power Group, Shenzhen
| | - N Tagg
- Otterbein University, Westerville, Ohio 43081, USA
| | - J Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M A Thomson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - A Timmons
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - T Tmej
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - J Todd
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - S C Tognini
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiánia, Goias, Brazil
| | - R Toner
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - D Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Treskov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - W-H Tse
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - C E Tull
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
| | - P Vahle
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - B Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - V Vorobel
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - C H Wang
- National United University, Miao-Li
| | - J Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - M Wang
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | - N Y Wang
- Beijing Normal University, Beijing
| | - R G Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - W Wang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - W Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - X Wang
- College of Electronic Science and Engineering, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha
| | - Y Wang
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Y F Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - Z M Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - A Weber
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot, OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Wei
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - L H Wei
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L J Wen
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - K Whisnant
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - C White
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - L H Whitehead
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S G Wojcicki
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - H L H Wong
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, 94720 USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S C F Wong
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - E Worcester
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - D R Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - F L Wu
- Nanjing University, Nanjing
| | - Q Wu
- Shandong University, Jinan
| | - W J Wu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - D M Xia
- Chongqing University, Chongqing
| | - Z Q Xie
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Z Z Xing
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J L Xu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - T Xu
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - T Xue
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - C G Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L Yang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - Y Z Yang
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing
| | - H F Yao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Ye
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - M Yeh
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - B L Young
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - H Z Yu
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Z Y Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - B B Yue
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - S Zeng
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y Zeng
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - L Zhan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - C Zhang
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - F Y Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - H H Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - J W Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Q M Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Science and Technology, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an
| | - X T Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - Y M Zhang
- Sun Yat-Sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou
| | - Y X Zhang
- China General Nuclear Power Group, Shenzhen
| | - Y Y Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Laboratory for Particle Physics and Cosmology, Shanghai
| | - Z J Zhang
- Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan
| | - Z P Zhang
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei
| | - Z Y Zhang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - J Zhao
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - L Zhou
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
| | - H L Zhuang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing
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Blitzer DN, Ottochian M, O'Connor J, Feliciano DV, Morrison JJ, DuBose JJ, Scalea TM. Penetrating Injury to the Carotid Artery: Characterizing Presentation and Outcomes from the National Trauma Data Bank. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 67:192-199. [PMID: 32217135 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penetrating injury to the neck can be devastating because of the multiple vital structures in close proximity. In the event of injury to the carotid artery, there is a significantly increased likelihood of morbidity or mortality. The purpose of this study was to assess presenting characteristics associated with penetrating injury to the carotid artery and directly compare approaches to surgical management. METHODS Data from the National Trauma Data Bank from 2002-2016 were accessed to evaluate adult patients sustaining penetrating injury to the common or internal carotid artery. Management (operative versus nonoperative) and surgical approach (open versus endovascular) were evaluated based on presentation characteristics, and outcomes were compared after propensity score matching. RESULTS Three thousand three hundred ninety-one patients fitting inclusion criteria and surviving past the emergency department were included in analyses (nonoperative: 1,976 [58.3%] patients and operative: 1,415 [41.7%] patients). The operative group was further classified by intervention as open = 1,192 patients and endovascular: 154 patients. On presentation, the nonoperative group demonstrated significantly higher prevalence of coma (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤8: nonoperative = 49.3% versus operative = 40.8%, P < 0.001), severe overall injury burden (Injury Severity Score ≥25: nonoperative = 42.3% versus operative = 33.3%, P < 0.001), and severe head injury (Abbreviated Injury Score ≥ 3: nonoperative = 44.9% versus operative = 22.0%, P < 0.001). After propensity score matching, the nonoperative group demonstrated higher mortality (nonoperative = 28.9% versus operative = 18.5%, P < 0.001), and lower rates of stroke (nonoperative = 6.6% versus operative - = 10.5%, P < 0.001). There were no differences in outcomes relating to surgical approach. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that nonoperative patients often present with a more severe overall injury burden, particularly injury to the head, and not surprisingly, have higher rates of mortality. The lack of significant differences in outcomes relating to surgical approach indicates open versus endovascular invention should be individualized to the patient-for example, based on presenting characteristics and the location of the injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- David N Blitzer
- Department of Surgery, MedStar Health Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Marcus Ottochian
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - James O'Connor
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - David V Feliciano
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Joseph J DuBose
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
| | - Thomas M Scalea
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD
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Affiliation(s)
- J. O'Connor
- Departments of Medicine and Nuclear Medicine Auckland Hospital Auckland. I New Zealand
| | - M. Rutland
- Departments of Medicine and Nuclear Medicine Auckland Hospital Auckland. I New Zealand
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Affiliation(s)
- J. O'Connor
- Renal Unit Auckland Hospital Auckland. NEW ZEALAND
| | - P. Frankish
- Renal Unit Auckland Hospital Auckland. NEW ZEALAND
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Janz DR, Casey JD, Semler MW, Russell DW, Dargin J, Vonderhaar DJ, Dischert KM, West JR, Stempek S, Wozniak J, Caputo N, Heideman BE, Zouk AN, Gulati S, Stigler WS, Bentov I, Joffe AM, Rice TW, Janz DR, Vonderhaar DJ, Hoffman R, Turlapati N, Samant S, Clark P, Krishnan A, Gresens J, Hill C, Matthew B, Henry J, Miller J, Paccione R, Majid-Moosa A, Santanilla JI, Semler MW, Rice TW, Casey JD, Heideman BE, Wilfong EM, Hewlett JC, Halliday SJ, Kerchberger VE, Brown RM, Huerta LE, Merrick CM, Atwater T, Kocurek EG, McKown AC, Winters NI, Habegger LE, Mart MF, Berg JZ, Noblit CC, Flemmons LN, Dischert K, Joffe A, Bentov I, Archibald T, Arenas A, Baldridge C, Bansal G, Barnes C, Bishop N, Bryce B, Byrne L, Clement R, DeLaCruz C, Deshpande P, Gong Z, Green J, Henry A, Herstein A, Huang J, Heier J, Jenson B, Johnston L, Langeland C, Lee C, Nowlin A, Reece-Nguyen T, Schultz H, Segal G, Slade I, Solomon S, Stehpey S, Thompson R, Trausch D, Welker C, Zhang R, Russell D, Zouk A, Gulati S, Stigler W, Fain J, Garcia B, Lafon D, He C, O'Connor J, Campbell D, Powner J, McElwee S, Bardita C, D'Souza K, Pereira GB, Robinson S, Blumhof S, Dargin J, Stempek S, Wozniak J, Pataramekin P, Desai D, Yayarovich E, DeMatteo R, Somalaraiu S, Adler C, Reid C, Plourde M, Winnicki J, Noland T, Geva T, Gazourian L, Patel A, Eissa K, Giacotto J, Fitelson D, Colancecco M, Gray A, West JR, Caputo N, Ryan M, Parry T, Azan B, Khairat A, Morton R, Lewandowski D, Vaca C. Effect of a fluid bolus on cardiovascular collapse among critically ill adults undergoing tracheal intubation (PrePARE): a randomised controlled trial. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 2019; 7:1039-1047. [DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(19)30246-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Gosper CR, Watson SJ, Fox E, Burbidge AH, Craig MD, Douglas TK, Fitzsimons JA, McNee S, Nicholls AO, O'Connor J, Prober SM, Watson DM, Yates CJ. Fire-mediated habitat change regulates woodland bird species and functional group occurrence. Ecol Appl 2019; 29:e01997. [PMID: 31483902 DOI: 10.1002/eap.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In an era characterized by recurrent large wildfires in many parts of the globe, there is a critical need to understand how animal species respond to fires, the rates at which populations can recover, and the functional changes fires may cause. Using quantified changes in habitat parameters over a ~400-yr post-fire chronosequence in an obligate-seeding Australian eucalypt woodland, we build and test predictions of how birds, as individual species and aggregated into functional groups according to their use of specific habitat resources, respond to time since fire. Individual bird species exhibited four generalized response types to time since fire: incline, decline, delayed, and bell. All significant relationships between bird functional group richness or abundance and time since fire were consistent with predictions based on known time-since-fire-associated changes in habitat features putatively important for these bird groups. Consequently, we argue that the bird community is responding to post-fire successional changes in habitat as per the habitat accommodation model, rather than to time since fire per se, and that our functional framework will be of value in predicting bird responses to future disturbances in this and other obligate-seeder forest and woodland ecosystems. Most bird species and functional groups that were affected by time since fire were associated with long-unburned woodlands. In the context of recent large, stand-replacement wildfires that have affected a substantial proportion of obligate-seeder eucalypt woodlands, and the multi-century timescales over which post-fire succession occurs, it would appear preferable from a bird conservation perspective if fires initiating loss of currently long-unburned woodlands were minimized. Once long-unburned woodlands are transformed by fire into recently burned woodlands, there is limited scope for alternative management interventions to accelerate the rate of habitat development after fire, or supplement the resources formerly provided to birds by long-unburned woodlands, with the limited exception of augmenting hollow availability for key hollow-nesting species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl R Gosper
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - Simon J Watson
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Evolution, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, 3086, Australia
- Forest, Fire and Regions, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Fox
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Allan H Burbidge
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
| | - Michael D Craig
- Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, 6150, Australia
| | - Tegan K Douglas
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - James A Fitzsimons
- The Nature Conservancy, Suite 2-01, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, Victoria, 3125, Australia
| | - Shapelle McNee
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - A O Nicholls
- CSIRO Land and Water, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, 2601, Australia
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 789, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
| | - James O'Connor
- BirdLife Australia, Suite 2-05, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, Victoria, 3053, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Prober
- CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, Western Australia, 6913, Australia
| | - David M Watson
- Institute for Land, Water and Society, Charles Sturt University, P.O. Box 789, Albury, New South Wales, 2640, Australia
| | - Colin J Yates
- Biodiversity and Conservation Science, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre, Bentley, Western Australia, 6983, Australia
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Tran QK, O'Connor J, Vesselinov R, Haase D, Duncan R, Aitken A, Rea JH, Jones K, Dinardo T, Scalea T, Menaker J, Rubinson L. The Critical Care Resuscitation Unit Transfers More Patients From Emergency Departments Faster and Is Associated With Improved Outcomes. J Emerg Med 2019; 58:280-289. [PMID: 31761462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2019.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfer delays of critically ill patients from other hospitals' emergency departments (EDs) to an appropriate referral hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) are associated with poor outcomes. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that an innovative Critical Care Resuscitation Unit (CCRU) would be associated with improved outcomes by reducing transfer times to a quaternary care center and times to interventions for ED patients with critical illnesses. METHODS This pre-post analysis compared 3 groups of patients: a CCRU group (patients transferred to the CCRU during its first year [July 2013 to June 2014]), a 2011-Control group (patients transferred to any ICU between July 2011 and June 2012), and a 2013-Control group (patients transferred to other ICUs between July 2013 and June 2014). The primary outcome was time from transfer request to ICU arrival. Secondary outcomes were the interval between ICU arrival to the operating room and in-hospital mortality. RESULTS We analyzed 1565 patients (644 in the CCRU, 574 in the 2011-Control, and 347 in 2013-Control groups). The median time from transfer request to ICU arrival for CCRU patients was 108 min (interquartile range [IQR] 74-166 min) compared with 158 min (IQR 111-252 min) for the 2011-Control and 185 min (IQR 122-283 min) for the 2013-Control groups (p < 0.01). The median arrival-to-urgent operation for the CCRU group was 220 min (IQR 120-429 min) versus 439 min (IQR 290-645 min) and 356 min (IQR 268-575 min; p < 0.026) for the 2011-Control and 2013-Control groups, respectively. After adjustment with clinical factors, transfer to the CCRU was associated with lower mortality (odds ratio 0.64 [95% confidence interval 0.44-0.93], p = 0.019) in multivariable logistic regression. CONCLUSION The CCRU, which decreased time from outside ED's transfer request to referral ICU arrival, was associated with lower mortality likelihood. Resuscitation units analogous to the CCRU, which transfer resource-intensive patients from EDs faster, may improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quincy K Tran
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - James O'Connor
- The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Roumen Vesselinov
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Daniel Haase
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Rebecca Duncan
- The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ashley Aitken
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey H Rea
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kevin Jones
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Thomas Scalea
- The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jay Menaker
- The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lewis Rubinson
- The R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Program in Trauma, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Walton MJ, O'Connor J, Carroll C, Claxton L, Hodgson R. A Review of Issues Affecting the Efficiency of Decision Making in the NICE Single Technology Appraisal Process. Pharmacoecon Open 2019; 3:403-410. [PMID: 30617953 PMCID: PMC6710310 DOI: 10.1007/s41669-018-0113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Escalating demands upon the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence's (NICE's) Single Technology Appraisal (STA) programme require a 2.5-times increase upon 2015 capacity by 2020. This additional strain on committee resources threatens to compromise the rigour of the STA process. In 2018, NICE introduced changes to the appraisal process, aiming to expedite final decisions, including consultation opportunities prior to the company's evidence submission, a 'Technical Engagement' stage prior to the first committee meeting, and powers for committee chairs to recommend technologies without a second formal meeting. OBJECTIVE This study reviews recent STAs and aims to understand why appraisals require multiple meetings, and whether recent reforms can address the underlying issues. METHODS NICE STAs published between January 2010 and January 2018 were reviewed, excluding updates or re-considerations. Data on cost, clinical, and decision-making outcomes from 146 appraisals were extracted and analysed thematically. RESULTS Drugs for advanced cancers were least likely to be recommended (28/43 [65.1%] vs 71/74 [96%] for non-cancer) and took longer (2.36 meetings for a final decision vs 1.97 for non-cancer). The academic review increased upon the company's base-case incremental cost-effectiveness ratio by a median of 32.7%. Eighty-four technologies (57.5%) received a negative preliminary recommendation, deferring a final decision by an average of 142 days. Of these, 85.1% were not considered cost-effective. Uncertainty in economic (34.3%) and clinical (22.3%) data also prevented a positive decision. The majority (72.6% [61/84]) of negative preliminary decisions were overturned following further committee discussion; important considerations were Patient Access Schemes, decision optimisation, and the Cancer Drugs Fund. CONCLUSIONS Value considerations are the primary driver of negative preliminary recommendations. It is unclear if new opportunities for additional interaction between NICE, review groups, and manufacturers will meaningfully improve the efficiency of the appraisal process, particularly given the proportion of technologies requiring further committee discussion for decision optimisation or admission into the CDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Walton
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK.
| | - J O'Connor
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| | - C Carroll
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - L Claxton
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
| | - R Hodgson
- Centre for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, York, UK
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deSouza NM, Achten E, Alberich-Bayarri A, Bamberg F, Boellaard R, Clément O, Fournier L, Gallagher F, Golay X, Heussel CP, Jackson EF, Manniesing R, Mayerhofer ME, Neri E, O'Connor J, Oguz KK, Persson A, Smits M, van Beek EJR, Zech CJ. Validated imaging biomarkers as decision-making tools in clinical trials and routine practice: current status and recommendations from the EIBALL* subcommittee of the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Insights Imaging 2019; 10:87. [PMID: 31468205 PMCID: PMC6715762 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-019-0764-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Observer-driven pattern recognition is the standard for interpretation of medical images. To achieve global parity in interpretation, semi-quantitative scoring systems have been developed based on observer assessments; these are widely used in scoring coronary artery disease, the arthritides and neurological conditions and for indicating the likelihood of malignancy. However, in an era of machine learning and artificial intelligence, it is increasingly desirable that we extract quantitative biomarkers from medical images that inform on disease detection, characterisation, monitoring and assessment of response to treatment. Quantitation has the potential to provide objective decision-support tools in the management pathway of patients. Despite this, the quantitative potential of imaging remains under-exploited because of variability of the measurement, lack of harmonised systems for data acquisition and analysis, and crucially, a paucity of evidence on how such quantitation potentially affects clinical decision-making and patient outcome. This article reviews the current evidence for the use of semi-quantitative and quantitative biomarkers in clinical settings at various stages of the disease pathway including diagnosis, staging and prognosis, as well as predicting and detecting treatment response. It critically appraises current practice and sets out recommendations for using imaging objectively to drive patient management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita M deSouza
- Cancer Research UK Imaging Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton, Surrey, SM2 5PT, UK.
| | | | | | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Radiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claus Peter Heussel
- Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Translational Lung Research Center (TLRC), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 156, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Edward F Jackson
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Rashindra Manniesing
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525, GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Emanuele Neri
- Department of Translational Research, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - James O'Connor
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | | | - Marion Smits
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (Ne-515), Erasmus MC, PO Box 2040, 3000, CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Edwin J R van Beek
- Edinburgh Imaging, Queen's Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh Bioquarter, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Christoph J Zech
- University Hospital Basel, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031, Basel, Switzerland
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Steven R, Barnes M, Garnett ST, Garrard G, O'Connor J, Oliver JL, Robinson C, Tulloch A, Fuller RA. Aligning citizen science with best practice: Threatened species conservation in Australia. Conservat Sci and Prac 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rochelle Steven
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
| | - Megan Barnes
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental ManagementUniversity of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Honolulu Hawai'i
| | - Stephen T. Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and LivelihoodsCharles Darwin University Casuarina Northwest Territories Australia
| | - Georgia Garrard
- ICON Science, School of Global, Urban and Social StudiesRMIT University Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | | | - Jessica L. Oliver
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceQueensland University of Technology Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Cathy Robinson
- Land and Water, CSIRO Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Northern InstituteCharles Darwin University Casuarina Northwest Territories Australia
| | - Ayesha Tulloch
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia
- School of Earth and Environmental SciencesThe University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia
- Wildlife Conservation SocietyGlobal Conservation Program Bronx New York
| | - Richard A. Fuller
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of Queensland St Lucia Queensland Australia
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Marti FEM, Jayson GC, Manoharan P, O'Connor J, Renehan AG, Backen AC, Mistry H, Ortega F, Li K, Simpson KL, Allen J, Connell J, Underhill S, Misra V, Williams KJ, Stratford I, Jackson A, Dive C, Saunders MP. Novel phase I trial design to evaluate the addition of cediranib or selumetinib to preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: the DREAMtherapy trial. Eur J Cancer 2019; 117:48-59. [PMID: 31229949 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The DREAMtherapy (Dual REctal Angiogenesis MEK inhibition radiotherapy) trial is a novel intertwined design whereby two tyrosine kinase inhibitors (cediranib and selumetinib) were independently evaluated with rectal chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in an efficient manner to limit the extended follow-up period often required for radiotherapy studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cediranib or selumetinib was commenced 10 days before and then continued with RT (45 Gy/25#/5 wks) and capecitabine (825 mg/m2 twice a day (BID)). When three patients in the cediranib 15-mg once daily (OD) cohort were in the surveillance period, recruitment to the selumetinib cohort commenced. This alternating schedule was followed throughout. Three cediranib (15, 20 and 30 mg OD) and two selumetinib cohorts (50 and 75 mg BID) were planned. Circulating and imaging biomarkers of inflammation/angiogenesis were evaluated. RESULTS In case of cediranib, dose-limiting diarrhoea, fatigue and skin reactions were seen in the 30-mg OD cohort, and therefore, 20 mg OD was defined as the maximum tolerated dose. Forty-one percent patients achieved a clinical or pathological complete response (7/17), and 53% (9/17) had an excellent clinical or pathological response (ECPR). Significantly lower level of pre-treatment plasma tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) was found in patients who had an ECPR. In case of selumetinib, the 50-mg BID cohort was poorly tolerated (fatigue and diarrhoea); a reduced dose cohort of 75-mg OD was opened which was also poorly tolerated, and further recruitment was abandoned. Of the 12 patients treated, two attained an ECPR (17%). CONCLUSIONS This novel intertwined trial design is an effective way to independently investigate multiple agents with radiotherapy. The combination of cediranib with CRT was well tolerated with encouraging efficacy. TNFα emerged as a potential predictive biomarker of response and warrants further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G C Jayson
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - P Manoharan
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J O'Connor
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A G Renehan
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - A C Backen
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK; Division of Cancer Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - H Mistry
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - F Ortega
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - K Li
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - K L Simpson
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - J Allen
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - J Connell
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - S Underhill
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - V Misra
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - K J Williams
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK; Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - I Stratford
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - A Jackson
- Wolfson Molecular Imaging Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - C Dive
- Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - M P Saunders
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
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Zenkov VS, Ganusov VV, O'Connor J, Cockburn IA. Activated Plasmodium-specific CD8 T cells find liver stages mostly randomly. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.122.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Malaria is a major infectious disease, with 500,000 people dying every year. Malaria infection starts when an infected mosquito injects malaria sporozoites during feeding which migrate to the liver and form liver stages. Elimination of liver stages is a major feature of CD8 T cell-based malaria vaccines. It is established that vaccines inducing high numbers of memory CD8 T cells are capable of eliminating all liver stages, preventing clinical malaria. However, how CD8 T cells are capable of doing that in the 48-hour liver stage in mice remains unclear. One possibility is that as sporozoites invade hepatocytes from the blood, they induce local inflammation, acting as an attraction signal for T cells. We performed experiments in which fluorescent-labeled Plasmodium sporozoites and Plasmodium-specific and non-specific CD8 T cells were tracked in mouse livers using intravital microscopy. To analyze the data we used three metrics to measure attraction of T cells to the infection site based either on angles or distances from a T cell to the parasite. We found that for the majority of imaged T cells, there is no evidence of attraction to the parasite, indicating that in this experimental system, vaccine-induced CD8 T cells locate the infection site randomly. By modeling T cells searching for the infection site and utilizing experimentally measured speeds of T cell movement in the liver, we found that if enough memory CD8 T cells are present in the liver, all parasites can be found within 48 hours after sporozoite injection. Taken together, our results suggest that memory CD8 T cells in the liver perform the search for infection randomly, precluding the need to find specific signals and receptors of T cell attraction to the infection site.
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Williams J, Tu S, Lodhia C, Gu G, Haar G, O'Connor J, Niewiadomski O, Tandiari T, Nicoll A. Parenteral nutrition: How do patients initiated in the intensive care unit differ from those on the ward? Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Baker DJ, Garnett ST, O'Connor J, Ehmke G, Clarke RH, Woinarski JCZ, McGeoch MA. Conserving the abundance of nonthreatened species. Conserv Biol 2019; 33:319-328. [PMID: 30047186 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Human modification of the environment is driving declines in population size and distributional extent of much of the world's biota. These declines extend to many of the most abundant and widespread species, for which proportionally small declines can result in the loss of vast numbers of individuals, biomass, and interactions. These losses could have major localized effects on ecological and cultural processes and services without elevating a species' global extinction risk. Although most conservation effort is directed at species threatened with extinction in the very near term, the value of retaining abundance regardless of global extinction risk is justifiable based on many biodiversity or ecosystem service metrics, including cultural services, at scales from local to global. The challenges of identifying conservation priorities for widespread and abundant species include quantifying the effects of species' abundance on services and understanding how these effects are realized as populations decline. Negative effects of population declines may be disconnected from the threat processes driving declines because of species movements and environment flows (e.g., hydrology). Conservation prioritization for these species shares greater similarity with invasive species risk assessments than extinction risk assessments because of the importance of local context and per capita effects of abundance on other species. Because conservation priorities usually focus on preventing the extinction of threatened species, the rationale and objectives for incorporating declines of nonthreatened species must be clearly articulated, going beyond extinction risk to encompass the range of likely harmful effects (e.g., secondary extinctions, loss of ecosystem services) if declines persist or are not reversed. Research should focus on characterizing the effects of local declines in species that are not threatened globally across a range of ecosystem services and quantifying the spatial distribution of these effects through the distribution of abundance. The case for conserving abundance in nonthreatened species can be made most powerfully when the costs of losing this abundance are better understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Baker
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Stephen T Garnett
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, N.T., 0909, Australia
| | - James O'Connor
- BirdLife Australia, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Glenn Ehmke
- BirdLife Australia, 60 Leicester Street, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia
| | - Rohan H Clarke
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - John C Z Woinarski
- Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Casuarina, N.T., 0909, Australia
| | - Melodie A McGeoch
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
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Rai R, Yadav SS, Pan H, Khan I, O'Connor J, Alshalalfa M, Davicioni E, Taioli E, Elemento O, Tewari AK, Yadav KK. Epigenetic analysis identifies factors driving racial disparity in prostate cancer. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2019; 2:e1153. [PMID: 32721098 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most leading cause of death in men worldwide. African-American men (AA) represent more aggressive form of the disease compared to Caucasian (CA) counterparts. Several lines of evidences suggest that biological factors are responsible for the observed racial disparity. AIM This study was aimed at identifying the epigenetic variation among AA and CA PCa patients and whether DNA methylation differences have an association with clinical outcomes in the two races. METHODS AND RESULTS The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) dataset (2015) was used to identify existing epigenetic variation in AA and CA PCa patients. Reduced Representation Bisulfite Sequencing (RRBS) was performed to identify global DNA methylation changes in a small cohort of AA and CA PCa patients. The RRBS data were then used to identify survival and recurrence outcomes in AA and CA PCa patients using publicly available datasets. The TCGA data analysis revealed epigenetic heterogeneity, which could be categorized into four classes. AA associated primarily to methylation cluster 1 (p = 0.048), and CA associated to methylation cluster 3 (p = 0.000146). Enrichment of the Wnt signaling pathway was identified in both the races; however, they were differentially activated in terms of canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling. This was further validated using the Decipher Genomics Resource Information Database (GRID). The RRBS data also identified discrete methylation patterns in AA compared with CA and, in part, validated our TCGA findings. Survival analysis using the RRBS data suggested hypomethylated genes to be significantly associated with recurrence of PCa in CA (p = 6.07 × 10-6) as well as in AA (p = 0.0077). CONCLUSION Overall, we observed epigenetic-based racial disparity in PCa which could affect survival and should be considered during prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rai
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shalini S Yadav
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Heng Pan
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Irtaza Khan
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - James O'Connor
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Elai Davicioni
- GenomeDx Biosciences, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Emanuela Taioli
- Department of Population Health Science and Policy and Institute for Translational Epidemiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Olivier Elemento
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute for Precision Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ashutosh K Tewari
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kamlesh K Yadav
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Sema4, Stamford, Connecticut, USA
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Adamson P, Anghel I, Aurisano A, Barr G, Bishai M, Blake A, Bock GJ, Bogert D, Cao SV, Carroll TJ, Castromonte CM, Chen R, Childress S, Coelho JAB, Corwin L, Cronin-Hennessy D, de Jong JK, De Rijck S, Devan AV, Devenish NE, Diwan MV, Escobar CO, Evans JJ, Falk E, Feldman GJ, Flanagan W, Frohne MV, Gabrielyan M, Gallagher HR, Germani S, Gomes RA, Goodman MC, Gouffon P, Graf N, Gran R, Grzelak K, Habig A, Hahn SR, Hartnell J, Hatcher R, Holin A, Huang J, Hylen J, Irwin GM, Isvan Z, James C, Jensen D, Kafka T, Kasahara SMS, Koerner LW, Koizumi G, Kordosky M, Kreymer A, Lang K, Ling J, Litchfield PJ, Lucas P, Mann WA, Marshak ML, Mayer N, McGivern C, Medeiros MM, Mehdiyev R, Meier JR, Messier MD, Miller WH, Mishra SR, Moed Sher S, Moore CD, Mualem L, Musser J, Naples D, Nelson JK, Newman HB, Nichol RJ, Nowak JA, O'Connor J, Orchanian M, Pahlka RB, Paley J, Patterson RB, Pawloski G, Perch A, Pfützner MM, Phan DD, Phan-Budd S, Plunkett RK, Poonthottathil N, Qiu X, Radovic A, Rebel B, Rosenfeld C, Rubin HA, Sail P, Sanchez MC, Schneps J, Schreckenberger A, Schreiner P, Sharma R, Sousa A, Tagg N, Talaga RL, Thomas J, Thomson MA, Tian X, Timmons A, Todd J, Tognini SC, Toner R, Torretta D, Tzanakos G, Urheim J, Vahle P, Viren B, Weber A, Webb RC, White C, Whitehead LH, Wojcicki SG, Zwaska R. Search for Sterile Neutrinos in MINOS and MINOS+ Using a Two-Detector Fit. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:091803. [PMID: 30932529 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.091803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A search for mixing between active neutrinos and light sterile neutrinos has been performed by looking for muon neutrino disappearance in two detectors at baselines of 1.04 and 735 km, using a combined MINOS and MINOS+ exposure of 16.36×10^{20} protons on target. A simultaneous fit to the charged-current muon neutrino and neutral-current neutrino energy spectra in the two detectors yields no evidence for sterile neutrino mixing using a 3+1 model. The most stringent limit to date is set on the mixing parameter sin^{2}θ_{24} for most values of the sterile neutrino mass splitting Δm_{41}^{2}>10^{-4} eV^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Adamson
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - I Anghel
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - A Aurisano
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - G Barr
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - M Bishai
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Blake
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
- Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, United Kingdom
| | - G J Bock
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Bogert
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - S V Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - T J Carroll
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - C M Castromonte
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - R Chen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - S Childress
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J A B Coelho
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - L Corwin
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | | | - J K de Jong
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
| | - S De Rijck
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - A V Devan
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - N E Devenish
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - M V Diwan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C O Escobar
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, IFGW, CP 6165, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - J J Evans
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - E Falk
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - G J Feldman
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - W Flanagan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M V Frohne
- Holy Cross College, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Gabrielyan
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - H R Gallagher
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - S Germani
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - R A Gomes
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - M C Goodman
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Gouffon
- Instituto de Física, Universidade de São Paulo, CP 66318, 05315-970 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - N Graf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - R Gran
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - K Grzelak
- Department of Physics, University of Warsaw, PL-02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - A Habig
- Department of Physics, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota 55812, USA
| | - S R Hahn
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Hartnell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QH, United Kingdom
| | - R Hatcher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Holin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J Huang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Hylen
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G M Irwin
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Z Isvan
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - C James
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - D Jensen
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - T Kafka
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - S M S Kasahara
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - L W Koerner
- Department of Physics, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204, USA
| | - G Koizumi
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - M Kordosky
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - A Kreymer
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - K Lang
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J Ling
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - P J Litchfield
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - P Lucas
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - W A Mann
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - M L Marshak
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - N Mayer
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - C McGivern
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - M M Medeiros
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - R Mehdiyev
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - J R Meier
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - M D Messier
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - W H Miller
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - S R Mishra
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Moed Sher
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C D Moore
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - L Mualem
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - J Musser
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - D Naples
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
| | - J K Nelson
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - H B Newman
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R J Nichol
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - J A Nowak
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - J O'Connor
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M Orchanian
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - R B Pahlka
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - J Paley
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R B Patterson
- Lauritsen Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, USA
| | - G Pawloski
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - A Perch
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M M Pfützner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - D D Phan
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - S Phan-Budd
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R K Plunkett
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - N Poonthottathil
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - X Qiu
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - A Radovic
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - B Rebel
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - C Rosenfeld
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H A Rubin
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - P Sail
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M C Sanchez
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011 USA
| | - J Schneps
- Physics Department, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA
| | - A Schreckenberger
- Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - P Schreiner
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - R Sharma
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - A Sousa
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - N Tagg
- Otterbein University, Westerville, Ohio 43081, USA
| | - R L Talaga
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - J Thomas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - M A Thomson
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - X Tian
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Timmons
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - J Todd
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - S C Tognini
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - R Toner
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - D Torretta
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
| | - G Tzanakos
- Department of Physics, University of Athens, GR-15771 Athens, Greece
| | - J Urheim
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - P Vahle
- Department of Physics, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - B Viren
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - A Weber
- Subdepartment of Particle Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RH, United Kingdom
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Science and Technology Facilities Council, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R C Webb
- Physics Department, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - C White
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
| | - L H Whitehead
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom
| | - S G Wojcicki
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - R Zwaska
- Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA
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50
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Tulloch AIT, Auerbach N, Avery-Gomm S, Dickman CR, Fisher DO, Grantham H, Holden MH, Lavery TH, Leseberg NP, O'Connor J, Roberson L, Smyth AK, Stone Z, Tulloch V, Turak E, Watson JEM, Wardle GM. Reply to 'Consider species specialism when publishing datasets' and 'Decision trees for data publishing may exacerbate conservation conflict'. Nat Ecol Evol 2019; 3:320-321. [PMID: 30742103 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-019-0805-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha I T Tulloch
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia. .,Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, NY, USA. .,Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Nancy Auerbach
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stephanie Avery-Gomm
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Environmental Decisions, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chris R Dickman
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Diana O Fisher
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hedley Grantham
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Matthew H Holden
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Tyrone H Lavery
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Nicholas P Leseberg
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Leslie Roberson
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Anita K Smyth
- Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network (TERN), The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Zoe Stone
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Vivitskaia Tulloch
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eren Turak
- NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Australian Museum, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - James E M Watson
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.,Wildlife Conservation Society, Global Conservation Program, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Glenda M Wardle
- Desert Ecology Research Group, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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