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Progressive generalized tonic-clonic seizures in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy: Implications for morphological changes in cortico-limbic and brainstem structures. Epilepsy Res 2023; 194:107178. [PMID: 37295319 PMCID: PMC10527249 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Video/cortical electroencephalography (EEG) is monitored to assess progressive severity of generalized tonic clonic seizures (GTCSs) in a transgenic mouse model of adult-onset epilepsy with increased death risk. The mice overexpress the brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the forebrain under the calcium/calmodulin dependent protein kinase 2a (termed TgBDNF) and develop GTCSs in response to tail suspension/cage agitation stimulation at 3-4 months of age. With successive GTCSs (a total of 16 across 10 weeks of assessment), seizures became more severe as evidenced by increased duration of postictal generalized EEG suppression (PGES) associated with loss of posture/consciousness. Mice also developed spike wave discharges with behavioral arrest during the seizure recovery that increased in duration as a function of number of GTCSs. Overall seizure duration (from preictal spike to offset of PGES) and ictal spectral power (full spectra) were also increased. Half of the TgBDNF mice expired following a long period of PGES at the last recorded GTCS. Seizure-evoked general arousal impairment was associated with a striking decrease in total number of gigantocellular neurons of the brainstem nucleus pontis oralis along with increase in volumes of the anterior cingulate cortex and dorsal dentate gyrus in severely convulsive TgBDNF mice compared to litter-matched WT controls and non-convulsive TgBDNF mice. The latter effect was accompanied with an increase in total number of hippocampal granule neurons. These results provide structure-function associations in an animal model of adult-onset GTCSs that progressively increase in severity with clinical relevance for sudden unexpected death following generalized seizures.
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Intermittent Hypoxia Differentially Regulates Adenosine Receptors in Phrenic Motor Neurons with Spinal Cord Injury. Neuroscience 2022; 506:38-50. [PMID: 36273657 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cervical spinal cord injury (cSCI) impairs neural drive to the respiratory muscles, causing life- threatening complications such as respiratory insufficiency and diminished airway protection. Repetitive "low dose" acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) is a promising strategy to restore motor function in people with chronic SCI. Conversely, "high dose" chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH; ∼8 h/night), such as experienced during sleep apnea, causes pathology. Sleep apnea, spinal ischemia, hypoxia and neuroinflammation associated with cSCI increase extracellular adenosine concentrations and activate spinal adenosine receptors which in turn constrains the functional benefits of therapeutic AIH. Adenosine 1 and 2A receptors (A1, A2A) compete to determine net cAMP signaling and likely the tAIH efficacy with chronic cSCI. Since cSCI and intermittent hypoxia may regulate adenosine receptor expression in phrenic motor neurons, we tested the hypotheses that: 1) daily AIH (28 days) downregulates A2A and upregulates A1 receptor expression; 2) CIH (28 days) upregulates A2A and downregulates A1 receptor expression; and 3) cSCI alters the impact of CIH on adenosine receptor expression. Daily AIH had no effect on either adenosine receptor in intact or injured rats. However, CIH exerted complex effects depending on injury status. Whereas CIH increased A1 receptor expression in intact (not injured) rats, it increased A2A receptor expression in spinally injured (not intact) rats. The differential impact of CIH reinforces the concept that the injured spinal cord behaves in distinct ways from intact spinal cords, and that these differences should be considered in the design of experiments and/or new treatments for chronic cSCI.
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The prominent role of the Calprotectin-CD147-neutrophil axis in the progression of penile cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01965-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Protocol Specific Effects of Daily Acute Intermittent Hypoxia on Pro‐Plasticity Gene Expression in the Ventral Cervical Spinal Cord. FASEB J 2021. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2021.35.s1.03512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Mid‐cervical spinal contusion injury with compression causes extensive neurodegeneration in medullary and spinal neural networks. FASEB J 2020. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.04987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Adenosine 2A receptor inhibition protects phrenic motor neurons from cell death induced by protein synthesis inhibition. Exp Neurol 2019; 323:113067. [PMID: 31629857 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.113067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory motor neuron survival is critical for maintenance of adequate ventilation and airway clearance, preventing dependence to mechanical ventilation and respiratory tract infections. Phrenic motor neurons are highly vulnerable in rodent models of motor neuron disease versus accessory inspiratory motor pools (e.g. intercostals, scalenus). Thus, strategies that promote phrenic motor neuron survival when faced with disease and/or toxic insults are needed to help preserve breathing ability, airway defense and ventilator independence. Adenosine 2A receptors (A2A) are emerging as a potential target to promote neuroprotection, although their activation can have both beneficial and pathogenic effects. Since the role of A2A receptors in the phrenic motor neuron survival/death is not known, we tested the hypothesis that A2A receptor antagonism promotes phrenic motor neuron survival and preserves diaphragm function when faced with toxic, neurodegenerative insults that lead to phrenic motor neuron death. We utilized a novel neurotoxic model of respiratory motor neuron death recently developed in our laboratory: intrapleural injections of cholera toxin B subunit (CtB) conjugated to the ribosomal toxin, saporin (CtB-Saporin). We demonstrate that intrapleural CtB-Saporin causes: 1) profound phrenic motor neuron death (~5% survival); 2) ~7-fold increase in phrenic motor neuron A2A receptor expression prior to cell death; and 3) diaphragm muscle paralysis (inactive in most rats; ~7% residual diaphragm EMG amplitude during room air breathing). The A2A receptor antagonist istradefylline given after CtB-Saporin: 1) reduced phrenic motor neuron death (~20% survival) and 2) preserved diaphragm EMG activity (~46%). Thus, A2A receptors contribute to neurotoxic phrenic motor neuron death, an effect mitigated by A2A receptor antagonism.
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Phylogenomics resolves major relationships and reveals significant diversification rate shifts in the evolution of silk moths and relatives. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:182. [PMID: 31533606 PMCID: PMC6751749 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silkmoths and their relatives constitute the ecologically and taxonomically diverse superfamily Bombycoidea, which includes some of the most charismatic species of Lepidoptera. Despite displaying spectacular forms and diverse ecological traits, relatively little attention has been given to understanding their evolution and drivers of their diversity. To begin to address this problem, we created a new Bombycoidea-specific Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) probe set and sampled up to 571 loci for 117 taxa across all major lineages of the Bombycoidea, with a newly developed DNA extraction protocol that allows Lepidoptera specimens to be readily sequenced from pinned natural history collections. RESULTS The well-supported tree was overall consistent with prior morphological and molecular studies, although some taxa were misplaced. The bombycid Arotros Schaus was formally transferred to Apatelodidae. We identified important evolutionary patterns (e.g., morphology, biogeography, and differences in speciation and extinction), and our analysis of diversification rates highlights the stark increases that exist within the Sphingidae (hawkmoths) and Saturniidae (wild silkmoths). CONCLUSIONS Our study establishes a backbone for future evolutionary, comparative, and taxonomic studies of Bombycoidea. We postulate that the rate shifts identified are due to the well-documented bat-moth "arms race". Our research highlights the flexibility of AHE to generate genomic data from a wide range of museum specimens, both age and preservation method, and will allow researchers to tap into the wealth of biological data residing in natural history collections around the globe.
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Adenosine A
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Receptor Expression on Phrenic Motor Neurons after Cervical Spinal Injury and Different Intermittent Hypoxia Exposures. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.844.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Adenosine 2A Receptor Antagonism in Acute Cervical Contusion/Compression Injury Preserves Serotonin‐Dependent Phrenic Motor Plasticity. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.843.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Adenosine 2A Receptor Inhibition Promotes Neuroprotection Following Toxic Insult to Phrenic Motor Neurons. FASEB J 2019. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.2019.33.1_supplement.844.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Polycomb Protein RING1A Limits Differentiation in Myelodysplastic Syndromes. Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30258-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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The synthesis of single layers of Ag nanocrystals by ultra-low-energy ion implantation for large-scale plasmonic structures. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2009; 20:355305. [PMID: 19671966 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/20/35/355305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Single layers of silver (Ag) nanoparticles embedded in silica (SiO2) have been fabricated by ultra-low-energy ion implantation. The distance between the Ag particles and the free SiO2 surface is controlled with nanometer precision. Raman scattering and reflectivity measurements strongly correlate to transmission electron microscopy analyses, allowing the use of these non-invasive techniques to monitor structural and dynamical properties. These results open up new opportunities to manipulate electromagnetic near-field interactions on wafer-scale plasmonic devices.
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Density of vibrational states in highly disordered systems through Raman scattering and atomic-scale simulation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/13642819808204967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Development of a Galvanic Vestibular Stimulator for fMRI exams. Neuroimage 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1053-8119(09)70930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Entwicklung eines elektronischen Steifigkeitsmesssystems mit permanenter Datenspeicherung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10039-007-1227-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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MUSCLE PERFORMANCE OF THE QUADRICEPS IN ELDERS AFTER HIP FRACTURE. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2005. [DOI: 10.1519/00139143-200512000-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Does phosphoryl protonation occurs in aqueous phosphoesters solutions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 62:287-92. [PMID: 16257727 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2004] [Accepted: 12/20/2004] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Ionisation of trimethylphosphate (TMP), dimethylphosphate (DMP) and diethylphosphate (DEP) is investigated by acidic titration in water by Raman (R), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The vibrational frequencies of the PO(2)(-) ionic form and the neutral form were found in accord with the literature. While increasing further H(+) concentration, the PO band disappears in the benefit of new ones. These results, together with deuteration experiments indicate the presence of a new ionic form positively charged with general formula R(1)R(2)R(3)P(OH)(+) or R(1)R(2)P(OH)(+)(2). The pK of this phosphonium entities is lying in the range -2, -4. These results were confirmed by (31)P NMR titration. The occurrence of such a phosphonium ion in aqueous solutions might be of crucial importance for biochemical reactions and interactions, owing to the large spread of phosphoryl group in biomolecules and keeping in mind that intracellular compartments are more likely concentrated media with little free water than real aqueous solutions. Furthermore, pK's can be shifted by physical-chemical parameters like dielectric constant and electric field. This may involve at least fractional positive charge apparition that might be important in biochemical regulation by charge-charge and charge-dipole interactions. This finding will gain to be further explored on more complex molecules like phospholipids, nucleic acids and proteins.
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Selective photoswitching of the binuclear spin crossover compound {[Fe(bt)(NCS)2]2(bpm)} into two distinct macroscopic phases. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2005; 94:107205. [PMID: 15783518 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.107205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The low-spin (LS-LS, S = 0) diamagnetic form of the binuclear spin crossover complex {[Fe(bt)(NCS)(2)](2)(bpm)} was selectively photoconverted into two distinct macroscopic phases at different excitation wavelengths (1342 or 647.1 nm). These long-lived metastable phases have been identified, respectively, as the symmetry-broken paramagnetic form (HS-LS, S = 2) and the antiferromagnetically coupled (HS-HS, S = 0) high-spin form of the compound. The selectivity may be explained by the strong coupling of the primary excited states to the paramagnetic state.
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Raman scattering in the IVB transition-metal trichalcogenides: ZrS3, ZrSe3, ZrTe3and HfSe3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/13/30/023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Magnetic ordering and Raman scattering from electronic excitations and phonons in uranium trichalcogenides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1088/0022-3719/20/12/016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gastric adenocarcinoma and dysplasia in fundic gland polyps of a patient with attenuated adenomatous polyposis coli. Gastroenterology 1997; 113:659-63. [PMID: 9247488 DOI: 10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9247488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma has been previously recognized as a potential complication of familial adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and attenuated forms of APC (AAPC). This tumor has only been reported to originate from adenomatous polyps of the gastric mucosa in these clinical conditions. There have been no previous case reports of gastric adenocarcinoma arising from the more commonly found fundic gland polyps associated with AAPC or APC. We report the first definitive case of gastric adenocarcinoma arising from a hyperplastic polyp of the fundis of a patient with AAPC.
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Basic experimental studies on corpus cavernosum electromyography and smooth-muscle electromyography of the urinary bladder. World J Urol 1994; 12:266-73. [PMID: 7866425 DOI: 10.1007/bf00191206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the extensive work on in vitro experiments for elucidation of the electrical properties of smooth musculature, the acquisition of knowledge on electrical signal behaviour from smooth-muscle cells in an in vivo situation remains very limited and rare. Smooth-muscle electromyographic recording from the smooth musculature of the genitourinary tract, in particular from the penile cavernous bodies and the urinary bladder, has recently become one of the most interesting issues in both impotence research as well as neurophysiological assessment of the urinary bladder. However, the inadequate available data on corpus cavernosum and EMG recordings remains controversial due to the significant discrepancy between basic physiology of the smooth musculature, technical prerequisites and the expected clinical impact from the smooth-muscle EMG of genitourinary organs. This article is an attempt to describe the fundamentals of smooth-muscle EMG signal behaviour and the technical prerequisites for data acquisition and analysis of electrical activity from smooth-muscle cells of the cavernous bodies and urinary bladder. A description is given of the technical aspects, including methodology and interpretation of the recorded data, and also of the possible interference by artefacts (endogeneous and exogeneous) that might limit the clinical relevance of this encouraging method. The advantages, pitfalls and limitations of online analogous data registration and the possibility of computer-assisted smooth-muscle electrical activity recording and analysis are demonstrated by basic in vivo studies on cavernous bodies and also the detrusor muscle.
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Multiple-order Raman scattering and the density of vibrational states in a-GaAs. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1994; 50:5345-5351. [PMID: 9976876 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.50.5345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Assignment of the vibrational spectra of 2(1H)-pyridinone (2-pyridone) in the solid state, and in solution as centrosymmetrical dimer. Comparison with 1-methyl-2(1H)-pyridinone (N-methyl-2-pyridone). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0584-8539(94)80035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Multiple-order Raman scattering in crystalline and amorphous silicon. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1993; 48:6024-6032. [PMID: 10009138 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.48.6024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Differential effects of hydrocortisone, fluocortolone, and aldosterone on nocturnal sleep in humans. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA 1987; 116:129-37. [PMID: 3661052 DOI: 10.1530/acta.0.1160129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Previous experiments have suggested that sleep processes are sensitive to influences of corticosteroids. The present experiment was designed to compare effects of three different corticosteroids on human sleep: fluocortolone (a synthetic pure glucocorticoid), cortisol which possesses glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid activity, and aldosterone (the major mineralocorticoid). Ten male adult subjects were tested in four experimental nights according to a double-blind latin-square design under conditions of either 1.0 mg of aldosterone, 20 mg of fluocortolone, 80 mg of hydrocortisone, or placebo. Substances were administered orally (fluocortolone, 23.00 h) or infused iv throughout the night (hydrocortisone, aldosterone) starting at 23.00 h. Hydrocortisone and fluocortolone induced a substantial reduction of rapid eye movement sleep. Hydrocortisone increased slow wave sleep activity. No such effect was observed after fluocortolone. Effects on sleep processes of aldosterone, in general, seemed to be neglegible. The results demonstrate differential effects of synthetic glucocorticoid, cortisol, and aldosterone on sleep in humans, which may be attributed to the heterogeneity of corticosteroid receptors in the brain.
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Effect of metal substitution in ZrSe3-type compounds: Vibrational states of Zr1-tHftS3. PHYSICAL REVIEW. B, CONDENSED MATTER 1985; 32:1165-1171. [PMID: 9937128 DOI: 10.1103/physrevb.32.1165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
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Characteristics of Separated Epithelial and Stromal Subfractions of Prostate: I. Rat Ventral Prostate. J Urol 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)50016-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
These studies were initiated with the objective of isolating epithelial and stromal cells of human prostatic tissue in undamaged state, in order to study the cellular distribution of steroid receptors in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) relative to normal prostate. Initial experiments showed that when BPH tissue immersed in tissue culture media was progressively fragmented by various cutting procedures, epithelial elements were selectively released as clumps of variable size and individual cells, but that a large percentage of these cells were damaged, as evidenced by their failure to exclude trypan blue (TB). These observations suggested that if tissue fragmentation were carried out under defined conditions that minimize cell damage, BPH subfractions might be obtained containing a large percentage of undamaged cells. To determine conditions of tissue fragmentation which result in maximal recovery of epithelial cells which exclude TB, rat ventral prostate (RVP) was chosen as a model system. Experiments with RVP revealed that maximal yields of such cells were obtained in "large" epithelial clumps (greater than 30 cells per clump) released under the following conditions: (1) chopping the tissue with razor blades in a large volume (2 ml/100 mg RVP) of a Ca2+-free tissue culture medium ( Joklik 's-MEM) containing 1% casein, (2) carrying out the entire fractionation procedure in the cold, and (3) maintaining a 1% casein concentration in the medium during chopping, as well as in subsequent washing procedures, to protect cells from proteolytic activity. In large epithelial clumps, cells in the interior of the clump were not stained by TB but the cells at the periphery of the clump were freely permeable to TB. Single epithelial cells and small epithelial clumps (3-10 cells) released by razor blade fragmentation were also permeable to TB. When large epithelial clumps were incubated at 20 degrees C for 90 min, the clumps disaggregated into smaller clumps and morphologically intact single cells, which did not exclude TB. The residual tissue fragments remaining after chopping contained the bulk of stromal cells plus some epithelial elements. The latter could be removed by gentle rubbing of the fragments on a sieve in the presence of medium. The stromal fraction thus obtained consisted of stromal cells, embedded in mesenchymal matrix, which were not stained by TB and appeared normal when examined histologically by light microscopy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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Selective resonant enhancement of disorder-activated phonons in Ga1−xAlxAs alloys. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02457855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Optimal radioligand exchange conditions for measurement of occupied androgen receptor sites in rat ventral prostate. Arch Biochem Biophys 1983; 224:49-68. [PMID: 6870265 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(83)90189-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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