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Fesenko IA, Arapidi GP, Skripnikov AY, Alexeev DG, Kostryukova ES, Manolov AI, Altukhov IA, Khazigaleeva RA, Seredina AV, Kovalchuk SI, Ziganshin RH, Zgoda VG, Novikova SE, Semashko TA, Slizhikova DK, Ptushenko VV, Gorbachev AY, Govorun VM, Ivanov VT. Specific pools of endogenous peptides are present in gametophore, protonema, and protoplast cells of the moss Physcomitrella patens. BMC Plant Biol 2015; 15:87. [PMID: 25848929 PMCID: PMC4365561 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-015-0468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Protein degradation is a basic cell process that operates in general protein turnover or to produce bioactive peptides. However, very little is known about the qualitative and quantitative composition of a plant cell peptidome, the actual result of this degradation. In this study we comprehensively analyzed a plant cell peptidome and systematically analyzed the peptide generation process. RESULTS We thoroughly analyzed native peptide pools of Physcomitrella patens moss in two developmental stages as well as in protoplasts. Peptidomic analysis was supplemented by transcriptional profiling and quantitative analysis of precursor proteins. In total, over 20,000 unique endogenous peptides, ranging in size from 5 to 78 amino acid residues, were identified. We showed that in both the protonema and protoplast states, plastid proteins served as the main source of peptides and that their major fraction formed outside of chloroplasts. However, in general, the composition of peptide pools was very different between these cell types. In gametophores, stress-related proteins, e.g., late embryogenesis abundant proteins, were among the most productive precursors. The Driselase-mediated protonema conversion to protoplasts led to a peptide generation "burst", with a several-fold increase in the number of components in the latter. Degradation of plastid proteins in protoplasts was accompanied by suppression of photosynthetic activity. CONCLUSION We suggest that peptide pools in plant cells are not merely a product of waste protein degradation, but may serve as important functional components for plant metabolism. We assume that the peptide "burst" is a form of biotic stress response that might produce peptides with antimicrobial activity from originally functional proteins. Potential functions of peptides in different developmental stages are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Fesenko
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Georgij P Arapidi
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Yu Skripnikov
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Biology Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 199234 Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry G Alexeev
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Elena S Kostryukova
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Alexander I Manolov
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Ilya A Altukhov
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Regina A Khazigaleeva
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Anna V Seredina
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Sergey I Kovalchuk
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Rustam H Ziganshin
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Viktor G Zgoda
- />Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS im. V.N. Orehovicha, 10, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - Svetlana E Novikova
- />Institute of Biomedical Chemistry RAMS im. V.N. Orehovicha, 10, Pogodinskaya Street, Moscow, 119121 Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana A Semashko
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Darya K Slizhikova
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
| | - Vasilij V Ptushenko
- />A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskye Gory, House 1, Building 40, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Alexey Y Gorbachev
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
| | - Vadim M Govorun
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
- />Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Federal Medical & Biological Agency, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya, Moscow, 119992 Russian Federation
- />Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141700 Russian Federation
| | - Vadim T Ivanov
- />Department of Proteomics, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10, Miklukho-Maklaya, GSP-7, Moscow, 117997 Russian Federation
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Aleksandrushkina NI, Zamyatnina VA, Bakeeva LE, Seredina AV, Smirnova EG, Yaguzhinsky LS, Vanyushin BF. Apoptosis in wheat seedlings grown under normal daylight. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2004; 69:285-94. [PMID: 15061695 DOI: 10.1023/b:biry.0000022059.97294.bc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis was observed in the coleoptile and initial leaf in 5-8-day-old wheat seedlings grown under normal daylight. Apoptosis is an obligatory event in early wheat plant ontogenesis, and it is characterized by cytoplasmic structural reorganization and fragmentation, in particular, with the appearance in vacuoles of specific vesicles containing intact organelles, chromatin condensation and margination in the nucleus, and internucleosomal fragmentation of nuclear DNA. The earliest signs of programmed cell death (PCD) were observed in the cytoplasm, but the elements of apoptotic degradation in the nucleus appeared later. Nuclear DNA fragmentation was detected after chromatin condensation and the appearance in vacuoles of specific vesicles containing mitochondria. Two PCD varieties were observed in the initial leaf of 5-day-old seedlings grown under normal daylight: a proper apoptosis and vacuolar collapse. On the contrary, PCD in coleoptiles under various growing (light) conditions and in the initial leaf of etiolated seedlings is only a classical plant apoptosis. Therefore, various tissue-specific and light-dependent PCD forms do exist in plants. Amounts of O2*- and H2O2 evolved by seedlings grown under normal daylight are less than that evolved by etiolated seedlings. The amount of H2O2 formed in the presence of sodium salicylate or azide by seedlings grown under normal daylight was increased. Contrary to etiolated seedlings, the antioxidant BHT (ionol) did not inhibit O2*- formation and apoptosis and it had no influence on ontogenesis in the seedlings grown under normal daylight. Thus, in plants grown under the normal light regime the powerful system controlling the balance between formation and inactivation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) does exist and it effectively functions. This system is responsible for maintenance of cell homeostasis, and it regulates the crucial ROS level controlling plant growth and development. In etiolated plants, this system seems to be absent, or it is much less effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- N I Aleksandrushkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119899, Russia
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