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Berthelot K, Estevez Y, Quiliano M, Baldera-Aguayo PA, Zimic M, Pribat A, Bakleh ME, Teyssier E, Gallusci P, Gardrat C, Lecomte S, Peruch F. HbIDI, SlIDI and EcIDI: A comparative study of isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase activity and structure. Biochimie 2016; 127:133-43. [PMID: 27163845 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we cloned, expressed and purified the isopentenyl diphosphate isomerases (IDIs) from two plants, Hevea brasiliensis and Solanum lycopersicum, and compared them to the already well characterized Escherichia coli IDI. Phylogenetic analysis showed high homology between the three enzymes. Their catalytic activity was investigated in vitro with recombinant purified enzymes and in vivo by complementation colorimetric tests. The three enzymes displayed consistent activities both in vitro and in vivo. In term of structure, studied by ATR-FTIR and molecular modeling, it is clear that both plant enzymes are more related to their human homologue than to E. coli IDI. But it is assumed that EcIDI represent the minimalistic part of the catalytic core, as both plant enzymes present a supplementary sequence forming an extra α-helice surrounding the catalytic site that could facilitate the biocatalysis. New potential biotechnological applications may be envisaged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Berthelot
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France; CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Yannick Estevez
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Miguel Quiliano
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición, Universidad de Navarra, C/. Irunlarrea 1, 31008, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - Pedro A Baldera-Aguayo
- Department of Systems Biology and Integrated Program in Cellular, Molecular and Biomedical Studies, Columbia University in the City of New York, NY, 10032, USA; Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martin de Porres, Lima, 31, Peru
| | - Mirko Zimic
- Laboratorio de Bioinformática y Biología Molecular, Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosofía, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, San Martin de Porres, Lima, 31, Peru
| | - Anne Pribat
- INRA Bordeaux-Aquitaine, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marc-Elias Bakleh
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Emeline Teyssier
- Univ. Bordeaux, Grape Ecophysiology and Functional Biology Laboratory, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Philippe Gallusci
- Univ. Bordeaux, Grape Ecophysiology and Functional Biology Laboratory, ISVV, F-33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christian Gardrat
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Sophie Lecomte
- CNRS, CBMN, UMR 5248, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Frédéric Peruch
- CNRS, LCPO, UMR 5629, Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, F-33600, Pessac, France.
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Boureau L, How-Kit A, Teyssier E, Drevensek S, Rainieri M, Joubès J, Stammitti L, Pribat A, Bowler C, Hong Y, Gallusci P. A CURLY LEAF homologue controls both vegetative and reproductive development of tomato plants. Plant Mol Biol 2016; 90:485-501. [PMID: 26846417 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0436-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Enhancer of Zeste Polycomb group proteins, which are encoded by a small gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana, participate to the control of plant development. In the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), these proteins are encoded by three genes (SlEZ1, SlEZ2 and SlEZ3) that display specific expression profiles. Using a gene specific RNAi strategy, we demonstrate that repression of SlEZ2 correlates with a general reduction of H3K27me3 levels, indicating that SlEZ2 is part of an active PRC2 complex. Reduction of SlEZ2 gene expression impacts the vegetative development of tomato plants, consistent with SlEZ2 having retained at least some of the functions of the Arabidopsis CURLY LEAF (CLF) protein. Notwithstanding, we observed significant differences between transgenic SlEZ2 RNAi tomato plants and Arabidopsis clf mutants. First, we found that reduced SlEZ2 expression has dramatic effects on tomato fruit development and ripening, functions not described in Arabidopsis for the CLF protein. In addition, repression of SlEZ2 has no significant effect on the flowering time or the control of flower organ identity, in contrast to the Arabidopsis clf mutation. Taken together, our results are consistent with a diversification of the function of CLF orthologues in plants, and indicate that although partly conserved amongst plants, the function of EZ proteins need to be newly investigated for non-model plants because they might have been recruited to specific developmental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Boureau
- UMR BFP, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue E Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux - Hopital Haut Leveque, 5 Avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - A How-Kit
- Laboratory for Functional Genomics, Foundation Jean Dausset - CEPH, 75010, Paris, France
| | - E Teyssier
- UMR BFP, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue E Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Grape Ecophysiology and Functional Biology Laboratory, ISVV, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France
| | - S Drevensek
- Environmental and Evolutionary Genomics Section, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS UMR 8197INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, INRA, CNRS, Université, Paris-Sud, Université d'Evry, Université Paris-Diderot, Bâtiment 630, 91405, Orsay, France
| | - M Rainieri
- Environmental and Evolutionary Genomics Section, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS UMR 8197INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - J Joubès
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bâtiment A3, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR5200, CNRS, Bâtiment A3, INRA, 71 Avenue Edouard Bourlaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - L Stammitti
- UMR BFP, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue E Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Grape Ecophysiology and Functional Biology Laboratory, ISVV, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France
| | - A Pribat
- UMR BFP, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue E Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - C Bowler
- Environmental and Evolutionary Genomics Section, Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure CNRS UMR 8197INSERM U1024, 46 rue d'Ulm, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Y Hong
- Research Centre for Plant RNA Signaling, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 310036, People's Republic of China.
- Warwick-Hangzhou RNA Signaling Joint Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Warwick, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - P Gallusci
- UMR BFP, University of Bordeaux, 71 Avenue E Bourlaux, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France.
- Grape Ecophysiology and Functional Biology Laboratory, ISVV, University of Bordeaux, 210 Chemin de Leysotte, CS50008, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon Cédex, France.
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Guillet C, Aboul-Soud MAM, Le Menn A, Viron N, Pribat A, Germain V, Just D, Baldet P, Rousselle P, Lemaire-Chamley M, Rothan C. Regulation of the fruit-specific PEP carboxylase SlPPC2 promoter at early stages of tomato fruit development. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36795. [PMID: 22615815 PMCID: PMC3355170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SlPPC2 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) gene from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is differentially and specifically expressed in expanding tissues of developing tomato fruit. We recently showed that a 1966 bp DNA fragment located upstream of the ATG codon of the SlPPC2 gene (GenBank AJ313434) confers appropriate fruit-specificity in transgenic tomato. In this study, we further investigated the regulation of the SlPPC2 promoter gene by analysing the SlPPC2 cis-regulating region fused to either the firefly luciferase (LUC) or the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, using stable genetic transformation and biolistic transient expression assays in the fruit. Biolistic analyses of 5' SlPPC2 promoter deletions fused to LUC in fruits at the 8(th) day after anthesis revealed that positive regulatory regions are mostly located in the distal region of the promoter. In addition, a 5' UTR leader intron present in the 1966 bp fragment contributes to the proper temporal regulation of LUC activity during fruit development. Interestingly, the SlPPC2 promoter responds to hormones (ethylene) and metabolites (sugars) regulating fruit growth and metabolism. When tested by transient expression assays, the chimeric promoter:LUC fusion constructs allowed gene expression in both fruit and leaf, suggesting that integration into the chromatin is required for fruit-specificity. These results clearly demonstrate that SlPPC2 gene is under tight transcriptional regulation in the developing fruit and that its promoter can be employed to drive transgene expression specifically during the cell expansion stage of tomato fruit. Taken together, the SlPPC2 promoter offers great potential as a candidate for driving transgene expression specifically in developing tomato fruit from various tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Guillet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Aline Le Menn
- Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet, France
| | - Nicolas Viron
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Anne Pribat
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Véronique Germain
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Patrick Rousselle
- Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet, France
| | - Martine Lemaire-Chamley
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Pribat A, Blaby IK, Lara-Núñez A, Jeanguenin L, Fouquet R, Frelin O, Gregory JF, Philmus B, Begley TP, de Crécy-Lagard V, Hanson AD. A 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase paralog from all domains of life: comparative genomic and experimental evidence for a cryptic role in thiamin metabolism. Funct Integr Genomics 2011; 11:467-78. [PMID: 21538139 PMCID: PMC6078417 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-011-0224-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2011] [Revised: 03/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/03/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A paralog (here termed COG0212) of the ATP-dependent folate salvage enzyme 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase (5-FCL) occurs in all domains of life and, although typically annotated as 5-FCL in pro- and eukaryotic genomes, is of unknown function. COG0212 is similar in overall structure to 5-FCL, particularly in the substrate binding region, and has distant similarity to other kinases. The Arabidopsis thaliana COG0212 protein was shown to be targeted to chloroplasts and to be required for embryo viability. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that a high proportion (19%) of archaeal and bacterial COG0212 genes are clustered on the chromosome with various genes implicated in thiamin metabolism or transport but showed no such association between COG0212 and folate metabolism. Consistent with the bioinformatic evidence for a role in thiamin metabolism, ablating COG0212 in the archaeon Haloferax volcanii caused accumulation of thiamin monophosphate. Biochemical and functional complementation tests of several known and hypothetical thiamin-related activities (involving thiamin, its breakdown products, and their phosphates) were, however, negative. Also consistent with the bioinformatic evidence, the COG0212 proteins from A. thaliana and prokaryote sources lacked 5-FCL activity in vitro and did not complement the growth defect or the characteristic 5-formyltetrahydrofolate accumulation of a 5-FCL-deficient (ΔygfA) Escherichia coli strain. We therefore propose (a) that COG0212 has an unrecognized yet sometimes crucial role in thiamin metabolism, most probably in salvage or detoxification, and (b) that is not a 5-FCL and should no longer be so annotated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pribat
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32611, USA
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Gerdes S, El Yacoubi B, Bailly M, Blaby IK, Blaby-Haas CE, Jeanguenin L, Lara-Núñez A, Pribat A, Waller JC, Wilke A, Overbeek R, Hanson AD, de Crécy-Lagard V. Synergistic use of plant-prokaryote comparative genomics for functional annotations. BMC Genomics 2011; 12 Suppl 1:S2. [PMID: 21810204 PMCID: PMC3223725 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-12-s1-s2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying functions for all gene products in all sequenced organisms is a central challenge of the post-genomic era. However, at least 30-50% of the proteins encoded by any given genome are of unknown or vaguely known function, and a large number are wrongly annotated. Many of these 'unknown' proteins are common to prokaryotes and plants. We set out to predict and experimentally test the functions of such proteins. Our approach to functional prediction integrates comparative genomics based mainly on microbial genomes with functional genomic data from model microorganisms and post-genomic data from plants. This approach bridges the gap between automated homology-based annotations and the classical gene discovery efforts of experimentalists, and is more powerful than purely computational approaches to identifying gene-function associations. RESULTS Among Arabidopsis genes, we focused on those (2,325 in total) that (i) are unique or belong to families with no more than three members, (ii) occur in prokaryotes, and (iii) have unknown or poorly known functions. Computer-assisted selection of promising targets for deeper analysis was based on homology-independent characteristics associated in the SEED database with the prokaryotic members of each family. In-depth comparative genomic analysis was performed for 360 top candidate families. From this pool, 78 families were connected to general areas of metabolism and, of these families, specific functional predictions were made for 41. Twenty-one predicted functions have been experimentally tested or are currently under investigation by our group in at least one prokaryotic organism (nine of them have been validated, four invalidated, and eight are in progress). Ten additional predictions have been independently validated by other groups. Discovering the function of very widespread but hitherto enigmatic proteins such as the YrdC or YgfZ families illustrates the power of our approach. CONCLUSIONS Our approach correctly predicted functions for 19 uncharacterized protein families from plants and prokaryotes; none of these functions had previously been correctly predicted by computational methods. The resulting annotations could be propagated with confidence to over six thousand homologous proteins encoded in over 900 bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic genomes currently available in public databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Gerdes
- Fellowship for Interpretation of Genomes, Burr Ridge, IL, USA
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Jeanguenin L, Lara-Núñez A, Pribat A, Mageroy MH, Gregory JF, Rice KC, de Crécy-Lagard V, Hanson AD. Moonlighting glutamate formiminotransferases can functionally replace 5-formyltetrahydrofolate cycloligase. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:41557-66. [PMID: 20952389 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.190504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
5-Formyltetrahydrofolate (5-CHO-THF) is formed by a side reaction of serine hydroxymethyltransferase. Unlike other folates, it is not a one-carbon donor but a potent inhibitor of folate enzymes and must therefore be metabolized. Only 5-CHO-THF cycloligase (5-FCL) is generally considered to do this. However, comparative genomic analysis indicated (i) that certain prokaryotes lack 5-FCL, implying that they have an alternative 5-CHO-THF-metabolizing enzyme, and (ii) that the histidine breakdown enzyme glutamate formiminotransferase (FT) might moonlight in this role. A functional complementation assay for 5-CHO-THF metabolism was developed in Escherichia coli, based on deleting the gene encoding 5-FCL (ygfA). The deletion mutant accumulated 5-CHO-THF and, with glycine as sole nitrogen source, showed a growth defect; both phenotypes were complemented by bacterial or archaeal genes encoding FT. Furthermore, utilization of supplied 5-CHO-THF by Streptococcus pyogenes was shown to require expression of the native FT. Recombinant bacterial and archaeal FTs catalyzed formyl transfer from 5-CHO-THF to glutamate, with k(cat) values of 0.1-1.2 min(-1) and K(m) values for 5-CHO-THF and glutamate of 0.4-5 μM and 0.03-1 mM, respectively. Although the formyltransferase activities of these proteins were far lower than their formiminotransferase activities, the K(m) values for both substrates relative to their intracellular levels in prokaryotes are consistent with significant in vivo flux through the formyltransferase reaction. Collectively, these data indicate that FTs functionally replace 5-FCL in certain prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Jeanguenin
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Pribat A, Noiriel A, Morse AM, Davis JM, Fouquet R, Loizeau K, Ravanel S, Frank W, Haas R, Reski R, Bedair M, Sumner LW, Hanson AD. Nonflowering plants possess a unique folate-dependent phenylalanine hydroxylase that is localized in chloroplasts. Plant Cell 2010; 22:3410-22. [PMID: 20959559 PMCID: PMC2990131 DOI: 10.1105/tpc.110.078824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2010] [Revised: 08/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Tetrahydropterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylases (AAHs) are known from animals and microbes but not plants. A survey of genomes and ESTs revealed AAH-like sequences in gymnosperms, mosses, and algae. Analysis of full-length AAH cDNAs from Pinus taeda, Physcomitrella patens, and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii indicated that the encoded proteins form a distinct clade within the AAH family. These proteins were shown to have Phe hydroxylase activity by functional complementation of an Escherichia coli Tyr auxotroph and by enzyme assays. The P. taeda and P. patens AAHs were specific for Phe, required iron, showed Michaelian kinetics, and were active as monomers. Uniquely, they preferred 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to any physiological tetrahydropterin as cofactor and, consistent with preferring a folate cofactor, retained activity in complementation tests with tetrahydropterin-depleted E. coli host strains. Targeting assays in Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll protoplasts using green fluorescent protein fusions, and import assays with purified Pisum sativum chloroplasts, indicated chloroplastic localization. Targeting assays further indicated that pterin-4a-carbinolamine dehydratase, which regenerates the AAH cofactor, is also chloroplastic. Ablating the single AAH gene in P. patens caused accumulation of Phe and caffeic acid esters. These data show that nonflowering plants have functional plastidial AAHs, establish an unprecedented electron donor role for a folate, and uncover a novel link between folate and aromatic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pribat
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Alexandre Noiriel
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Alison M. Morse
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - John M. Davis
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Romain Fouquet
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
| | - Karen Loizeau
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Université Joseph Fourier, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique-Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Stéphane Ravanel
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique/Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Université Joseph Fourier, Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique-Grenoble, F-38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Wolfgang Frank
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Richard Haas
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Reski
- Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mohamed Bedair
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
| | - Lloyd W. Sumner
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401
| | - Andrew D. Hanson
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611
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Pribat A, Jeanguenin L, Lara-Núñez A, Ziemak MJ, Hyde JE, de Crécy-Lagard V, Hanson AD. 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase paralogs replace the folate synthesis enzyme dihydroneopterin aldolase in diverse bacteria. J Bacteriol 2009; 191:4158-65. [PMID: 19395485 PMCID: PMC2698474 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00416-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2009] [Accepted: 04/19/2009] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Dihydroneopterin aldolase (FolB) catalyzes conversion of dihydroneopterin to 6-hydroxymethyldihydropterin (HMDHP) in the classical folate biosynthesis pathway. However, folB genes are missing from the genomes of certain bacteria from the phyla Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, and Spirochaetes. Almost all of these folB-deficient genomes contain an unusual paralog of the tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis enzyme 6-pyruvoyltetrahydropterin synthase (PTPS) in which a glutamate residue replaces or accompanies the catalytic cysteine. A similar PTPS paralog from the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum is known to form HMDHP from dihydroneopterin triphosphate in vitro and has been proposed to provide a bypass to the FolB step in vivo. Bacterial genes encoding PTPS-like proteins with active-site glutamate, cysteine, or both residues were accordingly tested together with the P. falciparum gene for complementation of the Escherichia coli folB mutation. The P. falciparum sequence and bacterial sequences with glutamate or glutamate plus cysteine were active; those with cysteine alone were not. These results demonstrate that PTPS paralogs with an active-site glutamate (designated PTPS-III proteins) can functionally replace FolB in vivo. Recombinant bacterial PTPS-III proteins, like the P. falciparum enzyme, mediated conversion of dihydroneopterin triphosphate to HMDHP, but other PTPS proteins did not. Neither PTPS-III nor other PTPS proteins exhibited significant dihydroneopterin aldolase activity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that PTPS-III proteins may have arisen independently in various PTPS lineages. Consistent with this possibility, merely introducing a glutamate residue into the active site of a PTPS protein conferred incipient activity in the growth complementation assay, and replacing glutamate with alanine in a PTPS-III protein abolished complementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Pribat
- Horticultural Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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