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Baldet P, Mori K, Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Prigent S, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y. Multi-regulated GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase calls the tune in ascorbate biosynthesis. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:2631-2643. [PMID: 38349339 PMCID: PMC11066804 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Ascorbate is involved in numerous vital processes, in particular in response to abiotic but also biotic stresses whose frequency and amplitude increase with climate change. Ascorbate levels vary greatly depending on species, tissues, or stages of development, but also in response to stress. Since its discovery, the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway has been intensely studied and it appears that GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) is the enzyme with the greatest role in the control of ascorbate biosynthesis. Like other enzymes of this pathway, its expression is induced by various environmental and also developmental factors. Although mRNAs encoding it are among the most abundant in the transcriptome, the protein is only present in very small quantities. In fact, GGP translation is repressed by a negative feedback mechanism involving a small open reading frame located upstream of the coding sequence (uORF). Moreover, its activity is inhibited by a PAS/LOV type photoreceptor, the action of which is counteracted by blue light. Consequently, this multi-level regulation of GGP would allow fine control of ascorbate synthesis. Indeed, experiments varying the expression of GGP have shown that it plays a central role in response to stress. This new understanding will be useful for developing varieties adapted to future environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Max Planck-Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
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2
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Decros G, Dussarrat T, Baldet P, Cassan C, Cabasson C, Dieuaide-Noubhani M, Destailleur A, Flandin A, Prigent S, Mori K, Colombié S, Jorly J, Gibon Y, Beauvoit B, Pétriacq P. Enzyme-based kinetic modelling of ASC-GSH cycle during tomato fruit development reveals the importance of reducing power and ROS availability. New Phytol 2023; 240:242-257. [PMID: 37548068 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
The ascorbate-glutathione (ASC-GSH) cycle is at the heart of redox metabolism, linking the major redox buffers with central metabolism through the processing of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and pyridine nucleotide metabolism. Tomato fruit development is underpinned by changes in redox buffer contents and their associated enzyme capacities, but interactions between them remain unclear. Based on quantitative data obtained for the core redox metabolism, we built an enzyme-based kinetic model to calculate redox metabolite concentrations with their corresponding fluxes and control coefficients. Dynamic and associated regulations of the ASC-GSH cycle throughout the whole fruit development were analysed and pointed to a sequential metabolic control of redox fluxes by ASC synthesis, NAD(P)H and ROS availability depending on the developmental phase. Furthermore, we highlighted that monodehydroascorbate reductase and the availability of reducing power were found to be the main regulators of the redox state of ASC and GSH during fruit growth under optimal conditions. Our kinetic modelling approach indicated that tomato fruit development displayed growth phase-dependent redox metabolism linked with central metabolism via pyridine nucleotides and H2 O2 availability, while providing a new tool to the scientific community to investigate redox metabolism in fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Decros
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Thomas Dussarrat
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | | | - Alice Destailleur
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Amélie Flandin
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | - Joana Jorly
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
| | - Bertrand Beauvoit
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- INRAE, UMR1332 BFP, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, 33882, France
- Bordeaux Metabolome, MetaboHUB, PHENOME-EMPHASIS, Villenave d'Ornon, 33140, France
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3
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Bournonville C, Mori K, Deslous P, Decros G, Blomeier T, Mauxion JP, Jorly J, Gadin S, Cassan C, Maucourt M, Just D, Brès C, Rothan C, Ferrand C, Fernandez-Lochu L, Bataille L, Miura K, Beven L, Zurbriggen MD, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y, Baldet P. Blue light promotes ascorbate synthesis by deactivating the PAS/LOV photoreceptor that inhibits GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase. Plant Cell 2023; 35:2615-2634. [PMID: 37052931 PMCID: PMC10291033 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (vitamin C) is an essential antioxidant in fresh fruits and vegetables. To gain insight into the regulation of ascorbate metabolism in plants, we studied mutant tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) that produce ascorbate-enriched fruits. The causal mutation, identified by a mapping-by-sequencing strategy, corresponded to a knock-out recessive mutation in a class of photoreceptor named PAS/LOV protein (PLP), which acts as a negative regulator of ascorbate biosynthesis. This trait was confirmed by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and further found in all plant organs, including fruit that accumulated 2 to 3 times more ascorbate than in the WT. The functional characterization revealed that PLP interacted with the 2 isoforms of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP), known as the controlling step of the L-galactose pathway of ascorbate synthesis. The interaction with GGP occurred in the cytoplasm and the nucleus, but was abolished when PLP was truncated. These results were confirmed by a synthetic approach using an animal cell system, which additionally demonstrated that blue light modulated the PLP-GGP interaction. Assays performed in vitro with heterologously expressed GGP and PLP showed that PLP is a noncompetitive inhibitor of GGP that is inactivated after blue light exposure. This discovery provides a greater understanding of the light-dependent regulation of ascorbate metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Bournonville
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Paul Deslous
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tim Blomeier
- Institute of Synthetic Biology—CEPLAS—Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jean-Philippe Mauxion
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Joana Jorly
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Gadin
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cédric Cassan
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Mickael Maucourt
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cécile Brès
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Carine Ferrand
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Lucie Fernandez-Lochu
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Laure Bataille
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Kenji Miura
- Tsukuba Innovation Plant Research Center, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, 305-8577 Ibaraki, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Laure Beven
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Matias D Zurbriggen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology—CEPLAS—Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE,33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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4
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Steelheart C, Alegre ML, Baldet P, Rothan C, Bres C, Just D, Okabe Y, Ezura H, Ganganelli IM, Gergoff Grozeff GE, Bartoli CG. High light stress induces H 2O 2 production and accelerates fruit ripening in tomato. Plant Sci 2022; 322:111348. [PMID: 35750294 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Increased synthesis of H2O2 is observed during the initiation of fruit ripening. However, its association with plant cell processes triggering the maturation of fruit has not yet been demonstrated. The aim of this work is to investigate whether H2O2 participates in the tomato ripening process and particularly through its association with the ethylene signaling pathway. The experiments were carried out with two ethyl methanesulfonate mutant lines of Micro-Tom tomato deficient in GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase activity and displaying lower ascorbic acid content than the corresponding parental genotype (i.e. wild type). Plants were subjected to a high irradiance (HI) treatment to stimulate H2O2 synthesis. HI treatment enhanced H2O2 production and reduced the timing of fruit ripening in both mutants and wild-type fruits. These results could be linked to an increase of the expression of H2O2-related genes and changes in the expression of ethylene-related genes. The fruit H2O2 production increased or decreased after applying the treatments that induced ethylene synthesis or blocked its action, respectively. The results presented in this work give an evidence of the association of redox and hormonal components during fruit ripening in which H2O2 participates downstream in the events regulated by ethylene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Steelheart
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías L Alegre
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cecile Bres
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, F-33140 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yoshihiro Okabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan; Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8572, Japan
| | - Inti M Ganganelli
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo E Gergoff Grozeff
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos G Bartoli
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET La Plata, Argentina.
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5
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Mazorra Morales LM, Cosme Silva GM, Santana DB, Pireda SF, Dorighetto Cogo AJ, Heringer ÂS, de Oliveira TDR, Reis RS, Dos Santos Prado LA, de Oliveira AV, Silveira V, Da Cunha M, Barros CF, Façanha AR, Baldet P, Bartoli CG, da Silva MG, Oliveira JG. Mitochondrial dysfunction associated with ascorbate synthesis in plants. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 185:55-68. [PMID: 35661586 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the major organelles of energy production; however, active mitochondria can decline their energetic role and show a dysfunctional status. Mitochondrial dysfunction was induced by high non-physiological level of L-galactone-1,4-lactone (L-GalL), the precursor of ascorbate (AsA), in plant mitochondria. The dysfunction induced by L-GalL was associated with the fault in the mitochondrial electron partition and reactive oxygen species (ROS) over-production. Using mitochondria from RNAi-plant lines harbouring silenced L-galactone-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (L-GalLDH) activity, it was demonstrated that such dysfunction is dependent on this enzyme activity. The capacity of alternative respiration was strongly decreased by L-GalL, probably mediated by redox-inactivation of the alternative oxidase (AOX) enzyme. Although, alternative respiration was shown to be the key factor that helps support AsA synthesis in dysfunctional mitochondria. Experiments with respiratory inhibitors showed that ROS formation and mitochondrial dysfunction were more associated with the decline in the activities of COX (cytochrome oxidase) and particularly AOX than with the lower activities of respiratory complexes I and III. The application of high L-GalL concentrations induced proteomic changes that indicated alterations in proteins related to oxidative stress and energetic status. However, supra-optimal L-GalL concentration was not deleterious for plants. Instead, the L-GalLDH activity could be positive. Indeed, it was found that wild type plants performed better growth than L-GalLDH-RNAi plants in response to high non-physiological L-GalL concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Miguel Mazorra Morales
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil; Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Centro de Ciência Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Michelle Cosme Silva
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Diederson Bortolini Santana
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Saulo F Pireda
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Antônio Jesus Dorighetto Cogo
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ângelo Schuabb Heringer
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Dos Reis de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Ricardo S Reis
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís Alfredo Dos Santos Prado
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - André Vicente de Oliveira
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Vanildo Silveira
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense "Darcy Ribeiro" (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maura Da Cunha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Cláudia F Barros
- Laboratório de Botânica Estrutural, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro - IPJBRJ, Brazil
| | - Arnoldo R Façanha
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bordeaux 1, Université Victor Ségalen-Bordeaux 2, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 103, Unité Mixte de Recherche 619 sur la Biologie du Fruit, Centre de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Bordeaux, BP 81, 33883, Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
| | - Carlos G Bartoli
- Instituto de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT-CONICET, cc327 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Ciências Físicas, Centro de Ciência Tecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil
| | - Jurandi G Oliveira
- Laboratório de Melhoramento Genético Vegetal, Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Agropecuárias, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF), Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 28013-602, Brazil.
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6
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Deslous P, Bournonville C, Decros G, Okabe Y, Mauxion JP, Jorly J, Gadin S, Brès C, Mori K, Ferrand C, Prigent S, Ariizumi T, Ezura H, Hernould M, Rothan C, Pétriacq P, Gibon Y, Baldet P. Overproduction of ascorbic acid impairs pollen fertility in tomato. J Exp Bot 2021; 72:3091-3107. [PMID: 33530105 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate is a major antioxidant buffer in plants. Several approaches have been used to increase the ascorbate content of fruits and vegetables. Here, we combined forward genetics with mapping-by-sequencing approaches using an ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-mutagenized Micro-Tom population to identify putative regulators underlying a high-ascorbate phenotype in tomato fruits. Among the ascorbate-enriched mutants, the family with the highest fruit ascorbate level (P17C5, up to 5-fold wild-type level) had strongly impaired flower development and produced seedless fruit. Genetic characterization was performed by outcrossing P17C5 with cv. M82. We identified the mutation responsible for the ascorbate-enriched trait in a cis-acting upstream open reading frame (uORF) involved in the downstream regulation of GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase (GGP). Using a specific CRISPR strategy, we generated uORF-GGP1 mutants and confirmed the ascorbate-enriched phenotype. We further investigated the impact of the ascorbate-enriched trait in tomato plants by phenotyping the original P17C5 EMS mutant, the population of outcrossed P17C5 × M82 plants, and the CRISPR-mutated line. These studies revealed that high ascorbate content is linked to impaired floral organ architecture, particularly anther and pollen development, leading to male sterility. RNA-seq analysis suggested that uORF-GGP1 acts as a regulator of ascorbate synthesis that maintains redox homeostasis to allow appropriate plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Deslous
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Céline Bournonville
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Guillaume Decros
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yoshihiro Okabe
- Gene Research Centre, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 205-8572, Japan
| | | | - Joana Jorly
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Gadin
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cécile Brès
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Carine Ferrand
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Tohru Ariizumi
- Gene Research Centre, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 205-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Gene Research Centre, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba, Ibaraki 205-8572, Japan
| | - Michel Hernould
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Université de Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR 1332 BFP, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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7
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Burgos E, Belen De Luca M, Diouf I, de Haro LA, Albert E, Sauvage C, Tao ZJ, Bermudez L, Asís R, Nesi AN, Matringe M, Bréhélin C, Guiraud T, Ferrand C, Atienza I, Jorly J, Mauxion JP, Baldet P, Fernie AR, Quadrana L, Rothan C, Causse M, Carrari F. Validated MAGIC and GWAS population mapping reveals the link between vitamin E content and natural variation in chorismate metabolism in tomato. Plant J 2021; 105:907-923. [PMID: 33179365 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tocochromanols constitute the different forms of vitamin E (VTE), essential components of the human diet, and display a high membrane protectant activity. By combining interval mapping and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we unveiled the genetic determinants of tocochromanol accumulation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) fruits. To enhance the nutritional value of this highly consumed vegetable, we dissected the natural intraspecific variability of tocochromanols in tomato fruits and genetically engineered their biosynthetic pathway. These analyses allowed the identification of a total of 25 quantitative trait loci interspersed across the genome pinpointing the chorismate-tyrosine pathway as a regulatory hub controlling the supply of the aromatic head group for tocochromanol biosynthesis. To validate the link between the chorismate-tyrosine pathway and VTE, we engineered tomato plants to bypass the pathway at the arogenate branch point. Transgenic tomatoes showed moderate increments in tocopherols (up to approximately 20%) and a massive accumulation of tocotrienols (up to approximately 3400%). Gene expression analyses of these plants reveal a trade-off between VTE and natural variation in chorismate metabolism explained by transcriptional reprogramming of specific structural genes of the pathway. By restoring the accumulation of alpha-tocotrienols (α-t3) in fruits, the plants produced here are of high pharmacological and nutritional interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estanislao Burgos
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Maria Belen De Luca
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Isidore Diouf
- INRAE, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Centre de Recherche PACA, 67 Allée des Chênes, Domaine Saint Maurice CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
| | - Luis A de Haro
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
| | - Elise Albert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - Zhao J Tao
- INRAE, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Centre de Recherche PACA, 67 Allée des Chênes, Domaine Saint Maurice CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
| | - Luisa Bermudez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, PO Box 25, Castelar, B1712WAA, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ramon Asís
- CIBICI, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, CC, 5000, Argentina
| | - Adriano N Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Michel Matringe
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168 CNRS-CEA-INRAE, Université Joseph Fourier, CEA Grenoble, PCV, Grenoble Cedex 9, Grenoble, 38054, France
| | - Claire Bréhélin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168 CNRS-CEA-INRAE, Université Joseph Fourier, CEA Grenoble, PCV, Grenoble Cedex 9, Grenoble, 38054, France
| | - Thomas Guiraud
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Carine Ferrand
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Isabelle Atienza
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Joana Jorly
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Jean P Mauxion
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Max-Planck, Am Muehlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
| | - Leandro Quadrana
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Biologie de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Ecole Normale Supérieure, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Univ. Bordeaux, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, INRAE, Villenave d'OrnoF-33140, Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, UMR 1332, France
| | - Mathilde Causse
- INRAE, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Centre de Recherche PACA, 67 Allée des Chênes, Domaine Saint Maurice CS60094, Montfavet, 84143, France
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Universitaria, Buenos Aires, C1428EHA, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía, Cátedra de Genética, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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8
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Steelheart C, Alegre ML, Baldet P, Rothan C, Bres C, Just D, Okabe Y, Ezura H, Ganganelli I, Gergoff Grozeff GE, Bartoli CG. The effect of low ascorbic acid content on tomato fruit ripening. Planta 2020; 252:36. [PMID: 32767124 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The oxidant/antioxidant balance affects the ripening time of tomato fruit. Ripening of tomato fruit is associated with several modifications such as loss of cell wall firmness and transformation of chloroplasts to chromoplasts. Besides a peak in H2O2, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are observed at the transition stage. However, the role of different components of oxidative stress metabolism in fruit ripening has been scarcely addressed. Two GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) Solanum lycopersicum L. cv Micro-Tom mutants which have fruit with low ascorbic acid content (30% of wild type) were used in this work to unravel the participation of ascorbic acid and H2O2 in fruit maturation. Both GGP mutants show delayed fruit maturation with no peak of H2O2; treatment with ascorbic acid increases its own concentration and accelerates ripening only in mutants to become like wild type plants. Unexpectedly, the treatment with ascorbic acid increases H2O2 synthesis in both mutants resembling what is observed in wild type fruit. Exogenous supplementation with H2O2 decreases its own synthesis delaying fruit maturation in plants with low ascorbic acid content. The site of ROS production is localized in the chloroplasts of fruit of all genotypes as determined by confocal microscopy analysis. The results presented here demonstrate that both ascorbic acid and H2O2 actively participate in tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Steelheart
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Matías Leonel Alegre
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Cecile Bres
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yoshihiro Okabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Inti Ganganelli
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Gustavo Esteban Gergoff Grozeff
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos Guillermo Bartoli
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
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9
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Alegre ML, Steelheart C, Baldet P, Rothan C, Just D, Okabe Y, Ezura H, Smirnoff N, Gergoff Grozeff GE, Bartoli CG. Deficiency of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase, an enzyme required for ascorbic acid synthesis, reduces tomato fruit yield. Planta 2020; 251:54. [PMID: 31970534 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03345-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Reduced GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase expression and deficiency of ascorbic acid content lead to decreased fruit set and yield in tomato plants. Reduced GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase expression and deficiency of ascorbic acid content lead to decreased fruit set and yield in tomato plants. GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase (GGP) catalyzes the first step committed to ascorbic acid synthesis. The participation of GDP-L-galactose phosphorylase and ascorbate in tomato fruit production and quality was studied in this work using two SlGGP1 deficient EMS Micro-Tom mutants. The SlGGP1 mutants display decreased concentrations of ascorbate in roots, leaves, flowers, and fruit. The initiation of anthesis is delayed in ggp1 plants but the number of flowers is similar to wild type. The number of fruits is reduced in ggp1 mutants with an increased individual weight. However, the whole fruit biomass accumulation is reduced in both mutant lines. Fruits of the ggp1 plants produce more ethylene and show higher firmness and soluble solids content than the wild type after the breaker stage. Leaf CO2 uptake decreases about 50% in both ggp1 mutants at saturating light conditions; however, O2 production in an enriched CO2 atmosphere is only 19% higher in wild type leaves. Leaf conductance that is largely reduced in both mutants may be the main limitation for photosynthesis. Sink-source assays and hormone concentration were measured to determine restrictions to fruit yield. Manipulation of leaf area/fruit number relationship demonstrates that the number of fruits and not the provision of photoassimilates from the source restricts biomass accumulation in the ggp1 lines. The lower gibberellins concentration measured in the flowers would contribute to the lower fruit set, thus impacting in tomato yield. Taken as a whole these results demonstrate that ascorbate biosynthetic pathway critically participates in tomato development and fruit production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matías L Alegre
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Charlotte Steelheart
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit Et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit Et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit Et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, 33140, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Yoshihiro Okabe
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ezura
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
- Tsukuba Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Gustavo E Gergoff Grozeff
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos G Bartoli
- INFIVE, Facultades de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales y Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Plata-CCT CONICET, La Plata, Argentina.
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10
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Duran Garzon C, Lequart M, Rautengarten C, Bassard S, Sellier-Richard H, Baldet P, Heazlewood JL, Gibon Y, Domon JM, Giauffret C, Rayon C. Regulation of carbon metabolism in two maize sister lines contrasted for chilling tolerance. J Exp Bot 2020; 71:356-369. [PMID: 31557299 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Maize can grow in cool temperate climates but is often exposed to spring chilling temperatures that can affect early seedling growth. Here, we used two sister double-haploid lines displaying a contrasted tolerance to chilling to identify major determinants of long-term chilling tolerance. The chilling-sensitive (CS) and the chilling-tolerant (CT) lines were grown at 14 °C day/10 °C night for 60 d. CS plants displayed a strong reduction in growth and aerial biomass compared with CT plants. Photosynthetic efficiency was affected with an increase in energy dissipation in both lines. Chilling tolerance in CT plants was associated with higher chlorophyll content, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, and higher sucrose to starch ratio. Few changes in cell wall composition were observed in both genotypes. There was no obvious correlation between nucleotide sugar content and cell wall polysaccharide composition. Our findings suggest that the central starch-sucrose metabolism is one major determinant of the response to low temperature, and its modulation accounts for the ability of CT plants to cope with low temperature. This modulation seemed to be linked to a strong alteration in the biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars that, at a high level, could reflect the remobilization of carbon in response to chilling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Duran Garzon
- EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Michelle Lequart
- EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Solène Bassard
- EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Hélène Sellier-Richard
- Unité Expérimentale Grandes Cultures Innovation et Environnement, INRA-Estrées-Mons, Péronne, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Bordeaux Métabolome, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Joshua L Heazlewood
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Bordeaux Métabolome, INRA, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Marc Domon
- EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | | | - Catherine Rayon
- EA3900-BIOPI, Biologie des Plantes et Innovation, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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11
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Decros G, Beauvoit B, Colombié S, Cabasson C, Bernillon S, Arrivault S, Guenther M, Belouah I, Prigent S, Baldet P, Gibon Y, Pétriacq P. Regulation of Pyridine Nucleotide Metabolism During Tomato Fruit Development Through Transcript and Protein Profiling. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1201. [PMID: 31681351 PMCID: PMC6798084 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Central metabolism is the engine of plant biomass, supplying fruit growth with building blocks, energy, and biochemical cofactors. Among metabolic cornerstones, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is particularly pivotal for electron transfer through reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions, thus participating in a myriad of biochemical processes. Besides redox functions, NAD is now assumed to act as an integral regulator of signaling cascades involved in growth and environmental responses. However, the regulation of NAD metabolism and signaling during fruit development remains poorly studied and understood. Here, we benefit from RNAseq and proteomic data obtained from nine growth stages of tomato fruit (var. Moneymaker) to dissect mRNA and protein profiles that link to NAD metabolism, including de novo biosynthesis, recycling, utilization, and putative transport. As expected for a cofactor synthesis pathway, protein profiles failed to detect enzymes involved in NAD synthesis or utilization, except for nicotinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (NaPT) and nicotinamidase (NIC), which suggested that most NAD metabolic enzymes were poorly represented quantitatively. Further investigations on transcript data unveiled differential expression patterns during fruit development. Interestingly, among specific NAD metabolism-related genes, early de novo biosynthetic genes were transcriptionally induced in very young fruits, in association with NAD kinase, while later stages of fruit growth rather showed an accumulation of transcripts involved in later stages of de novo synthesis and in NAD recycling, which agreed with augmented NAD(P) levels. In addition, a more global overview of 119 mRNA and 78 protein significant markers for NAD(P)-dependent enzymes revealed differential patterns during tomato growth that evidenced clear regulations of primary metabolism, notably with respect to mitochondrial functions. Overall, we propose that NAD metabolism and signaling are very dynamic in the developing tomato fruit and that its differential regulation is certainly critical to fuel central metabolism linking to growth mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Cécile Cabasson
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Stéphane Bernillon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Stéphanie Arrivault
- Department 2, Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Manuela Guenther
- Department 2, Metabolic Networks, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Isma Belouah
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sylvain Prigent
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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12
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Decros G, Baldet P, Beauvoit B, Stevens R, Flandin A, Colombié S, Gibon Y, Pétriacq P. Get the Balance Right: ROS Homeostasis and Redox Signalling in Fruit. Front Plant Sci 2019; 10:1091. [PMID: 31620143 PMCID: PMC6760520 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant central metabolism generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are key regulators that mediate signalling pathways involved in developmental processes and plant responses to environmental fluctuations. These highly reactive metabolites can lead to cellular damage when the reduction-oxidation (redox) homeostasis becomes unbalanced. Whilst decades of research have studied redox homeostasis in leaves, fundamental knowledge in fruit biology is still fragmentary. This is even more surprising when considering the natural profusion of fruit antioxidants that can process ROS and benefit human health. In this review, we explore redox biology in fruit and provide an overview of fruit antioxidants with recent examples. We further examine the central role of the redox hub in signalling during development and stress, with particular emphasis on ascorbate, also referred to as vitamin C. Progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms involved in the redox regulations that are linked to central metabolism and stress pathways will help to define novel strategies for optimising fruit nutritional quality, fruit production and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Decros
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
| | - Pierre Baldet
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | | | | | - Amélie Flandin
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Sophie Colombié
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Yves Gibon
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Pétriacq
- UMR 1332 BFP, INRA, Univ. Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- MetaboHUB-Bordeaux, MetaboHUB, Phenome-Emphasis, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Guillaume Decros, ; Pierre Pétriacq,
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13
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Stevens RG, Baldet P, Bouchet JP, Causse M, Deborde C, Deschodt C, Faurobert M, Garchery C, Garcia V, Gautier H, Gouble B, Maucourt M, Moing A, Page D, Petit J, Poëssel JL, Truffault V, Rothan C. A Systems Biology Study in Tomato Fruit Reveals Correlations between the Ascorbate Pool and Genes Involved in Ribosome Biogenesis, Translation, and the Heat-Shock Response. Front Plant Sci 2018; 9:137. [PMID: 29491875 PMCID: PMC5817626 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Changing the balance between ascorbate, monodehydroascorbate, and dehydroascorbate in plant cells by manipulating the activity of enzymes involved in ascorbate synthesis or recycling of oxidized and reduced forms leads to multiple phenotypes. A systems biology approach including network analysis of the transcriptome, proteome and metabolites of RNAi lines for ascorbate oxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase and galactonolactone dehydrogenase has been carried out in orange fruit pericarp of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The transcriptome of the RNAi ascorbate oxidase lines is inversed compared to the monodehydroascorbate reductase and galactonolactone dehydrogenase lines. Differentially expressed genes are involved in ribosome biogenesis and translation. This transcriptome inversion is also seen in response to different stresses in Arabidopsis. The transcriptome response is not well correlated with the proteome which, with the metabolites, are correlated to the activity of the ascorbate redox enzymes-ascorbate oxidase and monodehydroascorbate reductase. Differentially accumulated proteins include metacaspase, protein disulphide isomerase, chaperone DnaK and carbonic anhydrase and the metabolites chlorogenic acid, dehydroascorbate and alanine. The hub genes identified from the network analysis are involved in signaling, the heat-shock response and ribosome biogenesis. The results from this study therefore reveal one or several putative signals from the ascorbate pool which modify the transcriptional response and elements downstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca G. Stevens
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Bouchet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Mathilde Causse
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Catherine Deborde
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, Centre Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Claire Deschodt
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Mireille Faurobert
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Cécile Garchery
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Virginie Garcia
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Hélène Gautier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1115, Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, Avignon, France
| | - Barbara Gouble
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, UMR408 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, Avignon, France
| | - Mickaël Maucourt
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, Centre Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Annick Moing
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Plateforme Métabolome du Centre de Génomique Fonctionnelle Bordeaux, Centre Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - David Page
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université d'Avignon et des Pays du Vaucluse, UMR408 Sécurité et Qualité des Produits d'Origine Végétale, Avignon, France
| | - Johann Petit
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Jean-Luc Poëssel
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Vincent Truffault
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université de Bordeaux, UMR1332, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Mounet-Gilbert L, Dumont M, Ferrand C, Bournonville C, Monier A, Jorly J, Lemaire-Chamley M, Mori K, Atienza I, Hernould M, Stevens R, Lehner A, Mollet JC, Rothan C, Lerouge P, Baldet P. Two tomato GDP-D-mannose epimerase isoforms involved in ascorbate biosynthesis play specific roles in cell wall biosynthesis and development. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:4767-77. [PMID: 27382114 PMCID: PMC4973747 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erw260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
GDP-D-mannose epimerase (GME, EC 5.1.3.18) converts GDP-D-mannose to GDP-L-galactose, and is considered to be a central enzyme connecting the major ascorbate biosynthesis pathway to primary cell wall metabolism in higher plants. Our previous work demonstrated that GME is crucial for both ascorbate and cell wall biosynthesis in tomato. The aim of the present study was to investigate the respective role in ascorbate and cell wall biosynthesis of the two SlGME genes present in tomato by targeting each of them through an RNAi-silencing approach. Taken individually SlGME1 and SlGME2 allowed normal ascorbate accumulation in the leaf and fruits, thus suggesting the same function regarding ascorbate. However, SlGME1 and SlGME2 were shown to play distinct roles in cell wall biosynthesis, depending on the tissue considered. The RNAi-SlGME1 plants harbored small and poorly seeded fruits resulting from alterations of pollen development and of pollination process. In contrast, the RNAi-SlGME2 plants exhibited vegetative growth delay while fruits remained unaffected. Analysis of SlGME1- and SlGME2-silenced seeds and seedlings further showed that the dimerization state of pectin rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) was altered only in the RNAi-SlGME2 lines. Taken together with the preferential expression of each SlGME gene in different tomato tissues, these results suggest sub-functionalization of SlGME1 and SlGME2 and their specialization for cell wall biosynthesis in specific tomato tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Mounet-Gilbert
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Marie Dumont
- Normandy University, Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, EA4358, IRIB, VASI, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Carine Ferrand
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Céline Bournonville
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Antoine Monier
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Joana Jorly
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Martine Lemaire-Chamley
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Kentaro Mori
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Isabelle Atienza
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Michel Hernould
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Rebecca Stevens
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Recherche 1052 Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Domaine Saint Maurice, 67, Allée des Chênes, CS 60094 F-84143 Montfavet Cedex, France
| | - Arnaud Lehner
- Normandy University, Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, EA4358, IRIB, VASI, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Jean Claude Mollet
- Normandy University, Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, EA4358, IRIB, VASI, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
| | - Patrice Lerouge
- Normandy University, Université de Rouen, Laboratoire Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale, EA4358, IRIB, VASI, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, CS20032, F-33882 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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Truffault V, Gest N, Garchery C, Causse M, Duboscq R, Riqueau G, Sauvage C, Gautier H, Baldet P, Stevens R. VARIATION IN TOMATO FRUIT ASCORBATE LEVELS AND CONSEQUENCES OF MANIPULATION OF ASCORBATE METABOLISM ON DROUGHT STRESS TOLERANCE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2014.1048.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Bermúdez L, de Godoy F, Baldet P, Demarco D, Osorio S, Quadrana L, Almeida J, Asis R, Gibon Y, Fernie AR, Rossi M, Carrari F. Silencing of the tomato sugar partitioning affecting protein (SPA) modifies sink strength through a shift in leaf sugar metabolism. Plant J 2014; 77:676-87. [PMID: 24372694 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Limitations in our understanding about the mechanisms that underlie source-sink assimilate partitioning are increasingly becoming a major hurdle for crop yield enhancement via metabolic engineering. By means of a comprehensive approach, this work reports the functional characterization of a DnaJ chaperone related-protein (named as SPA; sugar partition-affecting) that is involved in assimilate partitioning in tomato plants. SPA protein was found to be targeted to the chloroplast thylakoid membranes. SPA-RNAi tomato plants produced more and heavier fruits compared with controls, thus resulting in a considerable increment in harvest index. The transgenic plants also displayed increased pigment levels and reduced sucrose, glucose and fructose contents in leaves. Detailed metabolic and enzymatic activities analyses showed that sugar phosphate intermediates were increased while the activity of phosphoglucomutase, sugar kinases and invertases was reduced in the photosynthetic organs of the silenced plants. These changes would be anticipated to promote carbon export from foliar tissues. The combined results suggested that the tomato SPA protein plays an important role in plastid metabolism and mediates the source-sink relationships by affecting the rate of carbon translocation to fruits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Bermúdez
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-900, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Biotecnología, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (IB-INTA), PO Box 25, Castelar, B1712WAA, Argentina
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17
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Dumont J, Keski-Saari S, Keinänen M, Cohen D, Ningre N, Kontunen-Soppela S, Baldet P, Gibon Y, Dizengremel P, Vaultier MN, Jolivet Y, Oksanen E, Le Thiec D. Ozone affects ascorbate and glutathione biosynthesis as well as amino acid contents in three Euramerican poplar genotypes. Tree Physiol 2014; 34:253-266. [PMID: 24682617 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpu004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Ozone is an air pollutant that causes oxidative stress by generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the leaf. The capacity to detoxify ROS and repair ROS-induced damage may contribute to ozone tolerance. Ascorbate and glutathione are known to be key players in detoxification. Ozone effects on their biosynthesis and on amino acid metabolism were investigated in three Euramerican poplar genotypes (Populus deltoides Bartr. × Populus nigra L.) differing in ozone sensitivity. Total ascorbate and glutathione contents were increased in response to ozone in all genotypes, with the most resistant genotype (Carpaccio) showing an increase of up to 70%. Reduced ascorbate (ASA) concentration at least doubled in the two most resistant genotypes (Carpaccio and Cima), whereas the most sensitive genotype (Robusta) seemed unable to regenerate ASA from oxidized ascorbate (DHA), leading to an increase of 80% of the oxidized form. Increased ascorbate (ASA + DHA) content correlated with the increase in gene expression in its biosynthetic pathway, especially the putative gene of GDP-l-galactose phosphorylase VTC2. Increased cysteine availability combined with increased expression of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (GSH1) and glutathione synthetase (GSH2) genes allows higher glutathione biosynthesis in response to ozone, particularly in Carpaccio. In addition, ozone caused a remobilization of amino acids with a decreased pool of total amino acids and an increase of Cys and putrescine, especially in Carpaccio. In addition, the expression of genes encoding threonine aldolase was strongly induced only in the most tolerant genotype, Carpaccio. Reduced ascorbate levels could partly explain the sensitivity to ozone for Robusta but not for Cima. Reduced ascorbate level alone is not sufficient to account for ozone tolerance in poplar, and it is necessary to consider several other factors including glutathione content.
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18
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Massot C, Bancel D, Lopez Lauri F, Truffault V, Baldet P, Stevens R, Gautier H. High temperature inhibits ascorbate recycling and light stimulation of the ascorbate pool in tomato despite increased expression of biosynthesis genes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e84474. [PMID: 24367665 PMCID: PMC3868655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding how the fruit microclimate affects ascorbate (AsA) biosynthesis, oxidation and recycling is a great challenge in improving fruit nutritional quality. For this purpose, tomatoes at breaker stage were harvested and placed in controlled environment conditions at different temperatures (12, 17, 23, 27 and 31 °C) and irradiance regimes (darkness or 150 µmol m(-2) s(-1)). Fruit pericarp tissue was used to assay ascorbate, glutathione, enzymes related to oxidative stress and the AsA/glutathione cycle and follow the expression of genes coding for 5 enzymes of the AsA biosynthesis pathway (GME, VTC2, GPP, L-GalDH, GLDH). The AsA pool size in pericarp tissue was significantly higher under light at temperatures below 27 °C. In addition, light promoted glutathione accumulation at low and high temperatures. At 12 °C, increased AsA content was correlated with the enhanced expression of all genes of the biosynthesis pathway studied, combined with higher DHAR and MDHAR activities and increased enzymatic activities related to oxidative stress (CAT and APX). In contrast, at 31 °C, MDHAR and GR activities were significantly reduced under light indicating that enzymes of the AsA/glutathione cycle may limit AsA recycling and pool size in fruit pericarp, despite enhanced expression of genes coding for AsA biosynthesis enzymes. In conclusion, this study confirms the important role of fruit microclimate in the regulation of fruit pericarp AsA content, as under oxidative conditions (12 °C, light) total fruit pericarp AsA content increased up to 71%. Moreover, it reveals that light and temperature interact to regulate both AsA biosynthesis gene expression in tomato fruits and AsA oxidation and recycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Capucine Massot
- INRA, UR 1115 Plantes et Système de cultures Horticoles, Avignon, France
| | - Doriane Bancel
- INRA, UR 1115 Plantes et Système de cultures Horticoles, Avignon, France
| | | | - Vincent Truffault
- INRA, UR 1115 Plantes et Système de cultures Horticoles, Avignon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- INRA, UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, France Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Rebecca Stevens
- INRA, UR 1052, Génétique et Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Montfavet, France
| | - Hélène Gautier
- INRA, UR 1115 Plantes et Système de cultures Horticoles, Avignon, France
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Garchery C, Gest N, Do PT, Alhagdow M, Baldet P, Menard G, Rothan C, Massot C, Gautier H, Aarrouf J, Fernie AR, Stevens R. A diminution in ascorbate oxidase activity affects carbon allocation and improves yield in tomato under water deficit. Plant Cell Environ 2013; 36:159-75. [PMID: 22725103 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2012.02564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The regulation of carbon allocation between photosynthetic source leaves and sink tissues in response to stress is an important factor controlling plant yield. Ascorbate oxidase is an apoplastic enzyme, which controls the redox state of the apoplastic ascorbate pool. RNA interference was used to decrease ascorbate oxidase activity in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Fruit yield was increased in these lines under three conditions where assimilate became limiting for wild-type plants: when fruit trusses were left unpruned, when leaves were removed or when water supply was limited. Several alterations in the transgenic lines could contribute to the improved yield and favour transport of assimilate from leaves to fruits in the ascorbate oxidase lines. Ascorbate oxidase plants showed increases in stomatal conductance and leaf and fruit sugar content, as well as an altered apoplastic hexose:sucrose ratio. Modifications in gene expression, enzyme activity and the fruit metabolome were coherent with the notion of the ascorbate oxidase RNAi lines showing altered sink strength. Ascorbate oxidase may therefore be a target for strategies aimed at improving water productivity in crop species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Garchery
- INRA, UR1052, Génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes, Domaine St Maurice BP94, Montfavet, France
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Guillet C, Aboul-Soud MAM, Le Menn A, Viron N, Pribat A, Germain V, Just D, Baldet P, Rousselle P, Lemaire-Chamley M, Rothan C. Regulation of the fruit-specific PEP carboxylase SlPPC2 promoter at early stages of tomato fruit development. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36795. [PMID: 22615815 PMCID: PMC3355170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2011] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The SlPPC2 phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC; EC 4.1.1.31) gene from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is differentially and specifically expressed in expanding tissues of developing tomato fruit. We recently showed that a 1966 bp DNA fragment located upstream of the ATG codon of the SlPPC2 gene (GenBank AJ313434) confers appropriate fruit-specificity in transgenic tomato. In this study, we further investigated the regulation of the SlPPC2 promoter gene by analysing the SlPPC2 cis-regulating region fused to either the firefly luciferase (LUC) or the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene, using stable genetic transformation and biolistic transient expression assays in the fruit. Biolistic analyses of 5' SlPPC2 promoter deletions fused to LUC in fruits at the 8(th) day after anthesis revealed that positive regulatory regions are mostly located in the distal region of the promoter. In addition, a 5' UTR leader intron present in the 1966 bp fragment contributes to the proper temporal regulation of LUC activity during fruit development. Interestingly, the SlPPC2 promoter responds to hormones (ethylene) and metabolites (sugars) regulating fruit growth and metabolism. When tested by transient expression assays, the chimeric promoter:LUC fusion constructs allowed gene expression in both fruit and leaf, suggesting that integration into the chromatin is required for fruit-specificity. These results clearly demonstrate that SlPPC2 gene is under tight transcriptional regulation in the developing fruit and that its promoter can be employed to drive transgene expression specifically during the cell expansion stage of tomato fruit. Taken together, the SlPPC2 promoter offers great potential as a candidate for driving transgene expression specifically in developing tomato fruit from various tomato cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine Guillet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Mourad A. M. Aboul-Soud
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Chair of Medical and Molecular Genetics Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Aline Le Menn
- Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet, France
| | - Nicolas Viron
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Anne Pribat
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Véronique Germain
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Daniel Just
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Pierre Baldet
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Patrick Rousselle
- Unité de Génétique et d’Amélioration des Fruits et Légumes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Montfavet, France
| | - Martine Lemaire-Chamley
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Rothan
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, Université Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Goldman G, Baldet P, David S, Khouri K, Fertit HE, Costes V, Rigau V. [Solitary fibrous tumor of the meninges: report of three cases]. Ann Pathol 2011; 31:236-41. [PMID: 21839345 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The authors expose the clinical, radiological and histological presentation of three cases of solitary fibrous tumors of the meninges, initially thought to be meningiomas. Actually, these three cases show typical anatomoclinical features. The authors also mention the differential diagnosis, and recall the essential contribution of immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Goldman
- Service d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Maran-Gonzalez A, Baldet P, Costes V. [Polypoid PEComa: case report and literature review]. Ann Pathol 2011; 31:102-7. [PMID: 21601115 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2010] [Revised: 06/08/2010] [Accepted: 07/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PEComa group is a heterogeneous group of rare mesenchymal tumors supposed to derive from perivascular cells and characterized by a coexpression of myogenic and melanocytic markers. We describe an 11-year-old female patient presenting a 2 cm ulcerated rectal polyp, exteriorized by anus, which was totally resected. Morphologically, this tumour was composed of cells arranged in nests or large cords separated by fibrous stroma, with abundant clear cytoplasms and with round regular small nuclei without atypia. There was no necrotic area and mitotic activity was very low. Immunohistochemically, the tumours cells stained for HMB45. Only 17 cases have been reported in literature and this case is the 18th. Here, we present a literature review focusing on both malignancy criteria and differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Maran-Gonzalez
- Laboratoire d'anatomie et cytologie pathologiques, hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Voxeur A, Gilbert L, Rihouey C, Driouich A, Rothan C, Baldet P, Lerouge P. Silencing of the GDP-d-mannose 3,5-Epimerase Affects the Structure and Cross-linking of the Pectic Polysaccharide Rhamnogalacturonan II and Plant Growth in Tomato. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:8014-8020. [DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.198614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hédiji H, Djebali W, Cabasson C, Maucourt M, Baldet P, Bertrand A, Boulila Zoghlami L, Deborde C, Moing A, Brouquisse R, Chaïbi W, Gallusci P. Effects of long-term cadmium exposure on growth and metabolomic profile of tomato plants. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2010; 73:1965-74. [PMID: 20846723 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Revised: 08/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The response of tomato plants to long-term cadmium exposure was evaluated after a 90-days long culture in hydroponic conditions (0, 20, and 100 μM CdCl(2)). Cadmium preferentially accumulated in roots, and to a lower extent in upper parts of plants. Absolute quantification of 28 metabolites was obtained through (1)H NMR, HPLC-PDA, and colorimetric methods. The principal component analysis showed a clear separation between control and Cd treated samples. Proline and total ascorbate amounts were reduced in Cd-treated leaves, whereas α-tocopherol, asparagine, and tyrosine accumulation increased, principally in 100 μM Cd treated leaves. Carotenoid and chlorophyll contents decreased only in 100 μM Cd-mature-leaves, which correlate with a reduced expression of genes essential for isoprenoid and carotenoid accumulations. Our results show that tomato plants acclimatize during long-term exposure to 20 μM Cd. On the contrary, 100μM Cd treatment results in drastic physiological and metabolic perturbations leading to plant growth limitation and fruit set abortion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hédia Hédiji
- UR Biologie et Physiologie Cellulaires Végétales, Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, El Manar, 1060 Tunis, Tunisia
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Prudent M, Bertin N, Génard M, Muños S, Rolland S, Garcia V, Petit J, Baldet P, Rothan C, Causse M. Genotype-dependent response to carbon availability in growing tomato fruit. Plant Cell Environ 2010; 33:1186-1204. [PMID: 20199617 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2010.02139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Tomato fruit growth and composition depend on both genotype and environment. This paper aims at studying how fruit phenotypic responses to changes in carbon availability can be influenced by genotype, and at identifying genotype-dependent and -independent changes in gene expression underlying variations in fruit growth and composition. We grew a parental line (Solanum lycopersicum) and an introgression line from Solanum chmielewskii harbouring quantitative trait loci for fresh weight and sugar content under two fruit loads (FL). Lowering FL increased fruit cell number and reduced fruit developmental period in both genotypes. In contrast, fruit cell size was increased only in the parental line. Modifications in gene expression were monitored using microarrays and RT-qPCR for a subset of genes. FL changes induced more deployments of regulation systems (transcriptional and post-transcriptional) than massive adjustments of whole primary metabolism. Interactions between genotype and FL occurred on 99 genes mainly linked to hormonal and stress responses, and on gene expression kinetics. Links between gene expression and fruit phenotype were found for aquaporin expression levels and fruit water content, and invertase expression levels and sugar content. In summary, the present data emphasized age- and genotype-dependent responses of tomato fruit to carbon availability, at phenotypic as well as gene expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Prudent
- INRA, UR1115 Plantes et Systèmes de culture Horticoles, F-84000 Avignon, France.
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Gilbert L, Alhagdow M, Nunes-Nesi A, Quemener B, Guillon F, Bouchet B, Faurobert M, Gouble B, Page D, Garcia V, Petit J, Stevens R, Causse M, Fernie AR, Lahaye M, Rothan C, Baldet P. GDP-D-mannose 3,5-epimerase (GME) plays a key role at the intersection of ascorbate and non-cellulosic cell-wall biosynthesis in tomato. Plant J 2009; 60:499-508. [PMID: 19619161 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2009.03972.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The GDP-D-mannose 3,5-epimerase (GME, EC 5.1.3.18), which converts GDP-d-mannose to GDP-l-galactose, is generally considered to be a central enzyme of the major ascorbate biosynthesis pathway in higher plants, but experimental evidence for its role in planta is lacking. Using transgenic tomato lines that were RNAi-silenced for GME, we confirmed that GME does indeed play a key role in the regulation of ascorbate biosynthesis in plants. In addition, the transgenic tomato lines exhibited growth defects affecting both cell division and cell expansion. A further remarkable feature of the transgenic plants was their fragility and loss of fruit firmness. Analysis of the cell-wall composition of leaves and developing fruit revealed that the cell-wall monosaccharide content was altered in the transgenic lines, especially those directly linked to GME activity, such as mannose and galactose. In agreement with this, immunocytochemical analyses showed an increase of mannan labelling in stem and fruit walls and of rhamnogalacturonan labelling in the stem alone. The results of MALDI-TOF fingerprinting of mannanase cleavage products of the cell wall suggested synthesis of specific mannan structures with modified degrees of substitution by acetate in the transgenic lines. When considered together, these findings indicate an intimate linkage between ascorbate and non-cellulosic cell-wall polysaccharide biosynthesis in plants, a fact that helps to explain the common factors in seemingly unrelated traits such as fruit firmness and ascorbate content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Gilbert
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université de Bordeaux, Unité Mixte de Recherche 619 sur la Biologie du Fruit, Institut Fédératif de Recherche 103, BP 81, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France
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Garcia V, Stevens R, Gil L, Gilbert L, Gest N, Petit J, Faurobert M, Maucourt M, Deborde C, Moing A, Poessel JL, Jacob D, Bouchet JP, Giraudel JL, Gouble B, Page D, Alhagdow M, Massot C, Gautier H, Lemaire-Chamley M, de Daruvar A, Rolin D, Usadel B, Lahaye M, Causse M, Baldet P, Rothan C. An integrative genomics approach for deciphering the complex interactions between ascorbate metabolism and fruit growth and composition in tomato. C R Biol 2009; 332:1007-21. [PMID: 19909923 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2009.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Very few reports have studied the interactions between ascorbate and fruit metabolism. In order to get insights into the complex relationships between ascorbate biosynthesis/recycling and other metabolic pathways in the fruit, we undertook a fruit systems biology approach. To this end, we have produced tomato transgenic lines altered in ascorbate content and redox ratio by RNAi-targeting several key enzymes involved in ascorbate biosynthesis (2 enzymes) and recycling (2 enzymes). In the VTC (ViTamin C) Fruit project, we then generated phenotypic and genomic (transcriptome, proteome, metabolome) data from wild type and mutant tomato fruit at two stages of fruit development, and developed or implemented statistical and bioinformatic tools as a web application (named VTC Tool box) necessary to store, analyse and integrate experimental data in tomato. By using Kohonen's self-organizing maps (SOMs) to cluster the biological data, pair-wise Pearson correlation analyses and simultaneous visualization of transcript/protein and metabolites (MapMan), this approach allowed us to uncover major relationships between ascorbate and other metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Garcia
- INRA, université de Bordeaux, biologie du fruit, UMR 619, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Poizat F, Gonzalez AM, Raynaud P, Baldet P, Garrel R, Crampette L, Costes V. [Adenocarcinomas of nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses: Diagnostic pitfalls in sinonasal glandular lesions]. Ann Pathol 2009; 29:286-95. [PMID: 19900634 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2009.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/22/2009] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Among primitive adenocarcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, the 2005 WHO classification distinguishes two main categories: intestinal type adenocarcinoma (ITAC) and low-grade non-intestinal adenocarcinoma, entities with different clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Low-grade adenocarcinoma shows a respiratory type phenotype (CK20-/CK7+/CDX2-/villin-) and ITACs, an intestinal type profile (CK20+/CK7-/CDX2+/villin+). Because of histological, ultrastructural and phenotypical similarities between ITAC and colorectal adenocarcinomas, several studies have discussed a possible common pathway in carcinogenesis. But the review of literature shows conflicting results, suggesting different pathways of pathogenesis. Differential diagnoses of sinonasal intestinal-type adenocarcinoma are mainly respiratory epithelial adenomatoid hamartomas, inverted schneiderian papillomas, salivary glands-type carcinoma and more rarely metastasis of adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Poizat
- Service d'anatomie et cytologie pathologique, hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, CHU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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30
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Horchani F, Gallusci P, Baldet P, Cabasson C, Maucourt M, Rolin D, Aschi-Smiti S, Raymond P. Prolonged root hypoxia induces ammonium accumulation and decreases the nutritional quality of tomato fruits. J Plant Physiol 2008; 165:1352-1359. [PMID: 18180072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2007] [Revised: 10/24/2007] [Accepted: 10/24/2007] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Here we examined the effects of root hypoxia (1-2% oxygen) on the physiology of the plant and on the biochemical composition of fruits in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum cv. Micro-Tom) plants submitted to gradual root hypoxia at first flower anthesis. Root hypoxia enhanced nitrate absorption with a concomitant release of nitrite and ammonium into the medium, a reduction of leaf photosynthetic activity and chlorophyll content, and an acceleration of fruit maturation, but did not affect final fruit size. Quantitative metabolic profiling of mature pericarp extracts by (1)H NMR showed that levels of major metabolites including sugars, organic acids and amino acids were not modified. However, ammonium concentration increased dramatically in fruit flesh, and ascorbate and lycopene concentrations decreased. Our data indicate that the unfavorable effects of root hypoxia on fruit quality cannot be explained by two of the well-known effects of root hypoxia on the plant, namely a decrease in photosynthesis or an excess in ethylene production, but may instead result from disturbances in the supply of either growth regulators or ammonium, by the roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faouzi Horchani
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, UR d'Ecologie Végétale,Campus Universitaire, Tunis, Tunisia
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Boretto JG, Lazerges C, Coulet B, Baldet P, Chammas M. Calcified glomus tumor of the shoulder. A case report. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 27:183-6. [PMID: 18757229 DOI: 10.1016/j.main.2008.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 06/17/2008] [Accepted: 07/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The authors report a case of calcified glomus tumor of the shoulder in a 54-year-old woman. The nonspecific clinical findings and the noncharacteristic imaging results made diagnosis of this tumor impossible before surgery. The diagnosis was confirmed by a biopsy. The outcome after surgical resection was excellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-G Boretto
- Orthopaedic and Hand Surgery Unit, CHU Lapeyronie, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Alhagdow M, Mounet F, Gilbert L, Nunes-Nesi A, Garcia V, Just D, Petit J, Beauvoit B, Fernie AR, Rothan C, Baldet P. Silencing of the mitochondrial ascorbate synthesizing enzyme L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase affects plant and fruit development in tomato. Plant Physiol 2007; 145:1408-22. [PMID: 17921340 PMCID: PMC2151702 DOI: 10.1104/pp.107.106500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2007] [Accepted: 09/25/2007] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
L-Galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase (EC 1.3.2.3) catalyzes the last step in the main pathway of vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) biosynthesis in higher plants. In this study, we first characterized the spatial and temporal expression of SlGalLDH in several organs of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants in parallel with the ascorbate content. P(35S):Slgalldh(RNAi) silenced transgenic tomato lines were then generated using an RNAi strategy to evaluate the effect of any resulting modification of the ascorbate pool on plant and fruit development. In all P(35S):Slgalldh(RNAi) plants with reduced SlGalLDH transcript and activity, plant growth rate was decreased. Plants displaying the most severe effects (dwarf plants with no fruit) were excluded from further analysis. The most affected lines studied exhibited up to an 80% reduction in SlGalLDH activity and showed a strong reduction in leaf and fruit size, mainly as a consequence of reduced cell expansion. This was accompanied by significant changes in mitochondrial function and altered ascorbate redox state despite the fact that the total ascorbate content remained unchanged. By using a combination of transcriptomic and metabolomic approaches, we further demonstrated that several primary, like the tricarboxylic acid cycle, as well as secondary metabolic pathways related to stress response were modified in leaves and fruit of P(35S):Slgalldh(RNAi) plants. When taken together, this work confirms the complexity of ascorbate regulation and its link with plant metabolism. Moreover, it strongly suggests that, in addition to ascorbate synthesis, GalLDH could play an important role in the regulation of cell growth-related processes in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moftah Alhagdow
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Bordeaux 1, Université Victor Ségalen-Bordeaux 2, BP 81, 33883 Villenave d'Ornon cedex, France
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33
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Paris F, Philibert P, Lumbroso S, Baldet P, Charvet JP, Galifer RB, Sultan C. Primary amenorrhea in a 46,XY adolescent girl with partial gonadal dysgenesis: identification of a new SRY gene mutation. Fertil Steril 2007; 88:1437.e21-5. [PMID: 17493621 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2007.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/09/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the genetic cause of primary amenorrhea in a 46,XY adolescent girl. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Pediatric endocrinology and gynecologic unit of an academic hospital. PATIENT(S) A 16-year-old adolescent referred for primary amenorrhea. INTERVENTION(S) Endocrine and surgical investigation, SRY mutational analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Plasma gonadotropin levels, estradiol and testosterone levels, and pathologic findings. RESULT(S) We report a new mutation of the SRY gene in a 46,XY sex-reversed patient. We observed two unusual features. First, partial pubertal development has rarely been described in association with SRY gene mutation. Second, the location of the mutation was in the HMG box region of the SRY gene, in contrast to the other partial cases of 46,XY gonadal dysgenesis. In addition, the presence of a gonadoblastoma underlines the necessity of removing the gonads quickly in 46,XY sex-reversal cases, and raises several questions about the role of the SRY gene in the development of such tumors. CONCLUSION(S) Partial pubertal development in a 46,XY sex-reversed patient does not exclude SRY gene mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Paris
- Service d'Hormonologie, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Ackoundou-N'guessan C, Canaud B, Leray-Moragues H, Droz D, Baldet P, Pages M. Collapsing focal segmental glomerulosclerosis as a possible complication of valproic acid. S Afr Med J 2007; 97:388, 390. [PMID: 17694604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
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Kalfa N, Philibert P, Patte C, Ecochard A, Duvillard P, Baldet P, Jaubert F, Fellous M, Sultan C. Extinction of FOXL2 expression in aggressive ovarian granulosa cell tumors in children. Fertil Steril 2007; 87:896-901. [PMID: 17430735 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2006] [Revised: 10/21/2006] [Accepted: 10/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the female gonad, FOXL2 is a key factor for proper differentiation of granulosa cells (GC) during folliculogenesis and its expression persists in the ovary after birth. The aim of this multicentric nationwide study was to determine whether FOXL2 expression varies during tumoral proliferation of GC cells in juvenile ovarian GC tumors (OGCT). DESIGN Nationwide retrospective study. SETTING University Hospital of Montpellier, Department of Hormonology. PATIENT(S) Between 1994 and 2004, 26 patients with juvenile OGCT were reported in the TGM95 database of the French Society for Childhood Cancer (SFCE) and from eight pediatric endocrinology centers. Immunohistochemistry was performed using an anti-FOXL2 antibody. INTERVENTION(S) Immunohistochemistry studies of FOXL2 on OGCT slides. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Level of FOXL2 expression within the tumor, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics classification, and tumor recurrences. RESULT(S) FOXL2 expression was absent in the GC of 10 patients and was markedly reduced in the cells of 4 patients. Precocious pseudopuberty was more frequently the revealing symptom in the children with conserved FOXL2 expression. Patients with no or reduced expression of FOXL2 more frequently exhibited associated hemorrhagic ascites, higher mitotic activity in the tumor, and significantly more advanced oncologic staging. All patients requiring complementary treatment (n = 7; chemotherapy or complementary surgery) had reduced expression of FOXL2 in the tumor. All recurring OGCT exhibited a complete extinction of FOXL2 expression (n = 3). CONCLUSION(S) These results show that FOXL2 is not expressed or is underexpressed in juvenile OGCT with an aggressive pattern of progression, and it thus may be a prognostic factor for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kalfa
- Unité d'Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatrique, Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
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Stevens R, Buret M, Duffé P, Garchery C, Baldet P, Rothan C, Causse M. Candidate genes and quantitative trait loci affecting fruit ascorbic acid content in three tomato populations. Plant Physiol 2007; 143:1943-53. [PMID: 17277090 PMCID: PMC1851805 DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.091413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Fresh fruit and vegetables are a major source of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), an important antioxidant for the human diet and also for plants. Ascorbic acid content in fruit exhibits a quantitative inheritance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for ascorbic acid content have been mapped in three tomato populations derived from crosses between cultivated tomato varieties (Solanum lycopersicum accessions) and three related wild species or subspecies. The first population consists of a set of introgression lines derived from Solanum pennellii, each containing a unique fragment of the wild species genome. The second population is an advanced backcross population derived from a cross between a cultivated tomato and a Solanum habrochaites (formerly Lycopersicum hirsutum) accession. The third population is a recombinant inbred line population derived from the cross between a cherry tomato line and a large fruited line. Common regions controlling ascorbic acid content have been identified on chromosomes 2, 8, 9, 10, and 12. In general, the wild alleles increased ascorbic acid content, but some improvement could also be provided by S. lycopersicum. Most QTLs appeared relatively stable over years and in different environments. Mapping of candidate genes involved in the metabolism of ascorbic acid has revealed a few colocations between genes and QTLs, notably in the case of a monodehydroascorbate reductase gene and a QTL present in two of the populations on chromosome 9 (bin 9-D), and a previously mapped GDP-mannose epimerase and a QTL on chromosome 9 (bin 9-J).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Stevens
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UR1052, Unité de génétique et amélioration des fruits et légumes, Domaine St. Maurice BP94, 84143 Montfavet, France.
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Rouleau C, Rakotoarivelo C, Petite D, Lambert K, Fabre C, Bonardet A, Mercier J, Baldet P, Privat A, Langley K, Mersel M. Pyruvate modifies glycolytic and oxidative metabolism of rat embryonic spinal cord astrocyte cell lines and prevents their spontaneous transformation. J Neurochem 2007; 100:1589-98. [PMID: 17217419 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04318.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to provide detailed data on mitochondrial respiration of normal astrocyte cell lines derived from rat embryonic spinal cord. Astrocytes in early passages (EP), cultured without pyruvate for more than 35 passages, defined here as late passages (LP), undergo spontaneous transformation. To study initial steps in cell transformation, EP data were compared with those of LP cells. LP cells had reduced glycolysis, fewer mitochondria and extremely low oxidative rates, resulting from a dysfunction of complexes I and II + III of the respiratory chain. Treatment of EP cells with pyruvate until they were, by definition, LP cultures prevented transformation of these cells. Pyruvate-treated EP cells had more mitochondria than normal cells but slightly lower respiratory rates. The increase of mitochondrial content thus appears to act as a compensatory effect to maintain oxidative phosphorylation in these LP 'non-transformed' cells, in which mitochondrial function is reduced. However, pyruvate treatment of transformed LP cells during additional passages did not significantly restore their oxidative metabolism. These data highlight changes accompanying spontaneous astrocyte transformation and suggest potential targets for the control of astrocyte proliferation and reaction to various insults to the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rouleau
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France.
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Kalfa N, Lumbroso S, Boulle N, Guiter J, Soustelle L, Costa P, Chapuis H, Baldet P, Sultan C. Activating mutations of Gsalpha in kidney cancer. J Urol 2006; 176:891-5. [PMID: 16890646 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2006.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Heterotrimeric G proteins are signal transduction proteins coupled to hormone receptors that activate intracellular second messenger systems, mainly cyclic adenosine monophosphate mediated protein kinase. Recent studies indicate that G proteins may have a major role in oncogenesis as well as in tumor invasiveness and cell proliferation. The involvement of G proteins was formerly thought to be limited to hormonal signal transduction. Activating Gsalpha mutations have been reported in tumors arising only from highly specialized endocrine tissue, such as pituitary adenomas, toxic thyroid adenomas and differentiated thyroid carcinomas, but never in other nonendocrine tumors. We hypothesized that a constitutive activation of this pathway, that is activated Gsalpha and inhibited Gialpha, could be implicated in kidney cancers. We searched for alterations on the Gsalpha gene GNAS and the Gialpha gene in renal cell carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using nested polymerase chain reaction, enzyme digestions, laser microdissection and direct sequencing we looked for activating mutations on GNAS codons 201 and 227, and inhibiting mutations on the Gialpha gene in 30 consecutive patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma between January 2003 and January 2004. RESULTS Somatic (tumor specific) activating mutations of Gsalpha were present in a significant proportion of human clear cell renal cell carcinomas. Activating mutations were identified in 5 of the 30 patient DNA preparations (16.6%) with a substitution of arginine 201 by cysteine in 3 and histidine in 2. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the implication of this pathway in human oncogenesis. It may provide a potential therapeutic approach to these frequent and aggressive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kalfa
- INSERM U540, Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire des Cancers and Service d'Hormonologie du Développement et de la Reproduction, Hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
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40
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Kalfa N, Ecochard A, Patte C, Duvillard P, Audran F, Pienkowski C, Thibaud E, Brauner R, Lecointre C, Plantaz D, Guedj AM, Paris F, Baldet P, Lumbroso S, Sultan C. Activating mutations of the stimulatory g protein in juvenile ovarian granulosa cell tumors: a new prognostic factor? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006; 91:1842-7. [PMID: 16507630 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-2710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Conflicting data have been reported regarding the presence of a constitutive activation of Galphas in ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCTs). Although the precise role of this mutation in the transformation of ovarian cells into malignant cells remains debatable, it has been demonstrated in other tissues that the rate of cell proliferation and invasiveness can be influenced by the gsp oncogene. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine whether activating mutations of Galphas or Galphai are present in juvenile OGCTs and, if so, whether these mutations are significant prognostic factors. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a multicentric nationwide study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty children with juvenile OGCT were included from the malignant germinal tumor protocol of the French Society for Childhood Cancer. Genetic studies of the tumoral DNA used nested PCR, laser microdissection, and direct sequencing. RESULTS Galphas-activating mutations in hot spot position 201 were found in nine patients (30%). Laser microdissection confirmed that mutations R201C and R201H were exclusively localized in the tumoral granulosa cells and were absent in the ovarian stroma. Patients with a hyperactivated Galphas exhibited a significantly more advanced tumor (P < 0.05) because seven of them (77.7%) were staged as Ic or had had a recurrence. Galphai did not exhibit any mutation. CONCLUSIONS Activating mutations of Galphas are present in 30% of juvenile OGCTs. The gsp oncogene, which is known to be implicated in cell proliferation and tumoral invasiveness, can be considered as a new prognostic factor of these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Kalfa
- Unité d'Endocrinologie-Gynécologie Pédiatriques, Service de Pédiatrie 1, Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France
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41
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Abstract
Langherans' cell histiocytosis is rare in adults. It should be considered in patients with lytic osseous lesions with sclerotic rim especially when involvement of adjacent soft tissues is present.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Larroque
- Service d'imagerie ostéoarticulaire, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France.
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42
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Rouleau C, Serre I, Roger P, Guibal MP, Galifer RB, Bonardet A, Baldet P. Acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas in a young patient with cells immunoreactive for somatostatin. Histopathology 2006; 48:307-9. [PMID: 16430479 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2005.02216.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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43
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Baldet P, Hernould M, Laporte F, Mounet F, Just D, Mouras A, Chevalier C, Rothan C. The expression of cell proliferation-related genes in early developing flowers is affected by a fruit load reduction in tomato plants. J Exp Bot 2006; 57:961-70. [PMID: 16488916 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erj082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Changes in photoassimilate partitioning between source and sink organs significantly affect fruit development and size. In this study, a comparison was made of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) grown under a low fruit load (one fruit per truss, L1 plants) and under a standard fruit load (five fruits per truss, L5 plants), at morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels. Fruit load reduction resulted in increased photoassimilate availability in the plant and in increased growth rates in all plant organs analysed (root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit). Larger flower and fruit size in L1 plants were correlated with higher cell number in the pre-anthesis ovary. This was probably due to the acceleration of the flower growth rate since other flower developmental parameters (schedule and time-course) remained otherwise unaffected. Using RT-PCR, it was shown that the transcript levels of CYCB2;1 (cyclin) and CDKB2;1 (cyclin-dependent kinase), two mitosis-specific genes, strongly increased early in developing flower buds. Remarkably, the transcript abundance of CYCD3;1, a D-type cyclin potentially involved in cell cycle regulation in response to mitogenic signals, also increased by more than 5-fold at very early stages of L1 flower development. By contrast, transcripts from fw2.2, a putative negative regulator of cell division in tomato fruit, strongly decreased in developing flower bud, as confirmed by in situ hybridization studies. Taken together, these results suggest that changes in carbohydrate partitioning could control fruit size through the regulation of cell proliferation-related genes at very early stages of flower development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Baldet
- UMR 619 Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétales, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universités Bordeaux 1 et 2, Centre de Recherche de Bordeaux, BP 81, F-33883 Villenave d'Ornon Cedex, France.
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44
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Raynaud P, Garrel R, Rigau V, Poizat F, Vic P, Cartier C, Rivière S, Baldet P, Costes V. [How can the diagnostic value of head and neck biopsies be increased in Wegener's granulomatosis: a clinicopathologic study of 49 biopsies in 21 patients]. Ann Pathol 2005; 25:87-93. [PMID: 16142159 DOI: 10.1016/s0242-6498(05)86171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck biopsies usually have a low diagnostic value in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). On the basis of 49 biopsies obtained from 21 WG patients at diagnosis from various sites, i.e. nose (29), paranasal sinus (7), oral cavity (4), larynx (4), conjunctiva (3) and external ear (2), we described the suggestive histological features and studied the diagnostic potential of the biopsy size, anaesthesia method (general (GA) or local (LA)), anatomic region of the biopsy, number of sections, and presenting macroscopic manifestations. Associated granulomatous inflammation (scattered giant cells, 28.5% of biopsies; poorly-formed granulomas, 28.5%), necrosis (neutrophilic microabscesses, 16.3%; geographic necrosis, 18.3%), angiitis (leukocytoclastic, 10%; necrotizing, 12%; and granulomatous, 6%) which confirmed the diagnosis were only present in 18.3% of the biopsies (28.5% of the patients). We think it is possible to propose a "WG-compatible" diagnosis when at least one of these histological features is present (24.5% of biopsies, 26% of patients in our study). We found that it was always better to perform biopsies targeted on macroscopic lesions. When there was no lesion, samples from paranasal sinuses obtained under GA had the highest diagnostic value in the head and neck region, whereas 90% of nasal systematic biopsies performed under LA were nonspecific. Moreover, we demonstrated that performing two further sections increased the sensitivity of histological examination by 7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Raynaud
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France.
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Lemaire-Chamley M, Petit J, Garcia V, Just D, Baldet P, Germain V, Fagard M, Mouassite M, Cheniclet C, Rothan C. Changes in transcriptional profiles are associated with early fruit tissue specialization in tomato. Plant Physiol 2005; 139:750-69. [PMID: 16183847 PMCID: PMC1255993 DOI: 10.1104/pp.105.063719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cell expansion phase contributes in determining the major characteristics of a fleshy fruit and represents two-thirds of the total fruit development in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). So far, it has received very little attention. To evaluate the interest of a genomic scale approach, we performed an initial sequencing of approximately 1,200 cell expansion stage-related sequence tags from tomato fruit at 8, 12, and 15 d post anthesis. Interestingly, up to approximately 35% of the expressed sequence tags showed no homology with available tomato expressed sequence tags and up to approximately 21% with any known gene. Microarrays spotted with expansion phase-related cDNAs and other fruit cDNAs involved in various developmental processes were used (1) to profile gene expression in developing fruit and other plant organs and (2) to compare two growing fruit tissues engaged mostly in cell division (exocarp) or in cell expansion (locular tissue surrounding the seeds). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was further used to confirm microarray results and to specify expression profiles of selected genes (24) in various tissues from expanding fruit. The wide range of genes expressed in the exocarp is consistent with a protective function and with a high metabolic activity of this tissue. In addition, our data show that the expansion of locular cells is concomitant with the expression of genes controlling water flow, organic acid synthesis, sugar storage, and photosynthesis and suggest that hormones (auxin and gibberellin) regulate this process. The data presented provide a basis for tissue-specific analyses of gene function in growing tomato fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martine Lemaire-Chamley
- Unité Mixte de Recherche 619, Physiologie et Biotechnologie Végétales, Institut de Biologie Végétale Intégrative, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universités Bordeaux 1 et Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, Villenave d'Ornon, France
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Hemm S, Rigau V, Chevalier J, Picot MC, Bauchet L, El Fertit H, Rodriguez MA, Cif L, Vayssière N, Zanca M, Baldet P, Segnarbieux F, Coubes P. Stereotactic coregistration of 201Tl SPECT and MRI applied to brain tumor biopsies. J Nucl Med 2005; 46:1151-7. [PMID: 16000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of the present study was to determine the clinical feasibility of integration of stereotactic SPECT (sSPECT) with 201Tl in the stereotactic MRI (sMRI)-based planning of brain tumor biopsy. Furthermore, the predictive value of the integrated techniques was analyzed by comparison with the corresponding histologically determined metabolic activity. METHODS Ten patients underwent combined 201Tl SPECT- and MRI-guided stereotactic biopsy of intracranial lesions according to a previously described technique. An area of abnormal 201Tl uptake was used to guide the stereotactic biopsy trajectory. Several samples were taken along the trajectory above and beneath the target. An extensive histologic diagnosis (tumor grade, mitotic index [MI], and Ki67 index) and the 201Tl index were obtained for all samples and compared statistically. RESULTS Combined 201Tl sSPECT- and sMRI-guided biopsy could be performed on all patients. Ki67 index, MI, and tumor grade correlated significantly. The correlations between MI or Ki67 index and 201Tl index were not significant (0.18 and 0.09, respectively). A trend to significance existed between tumor grade and 201Tl index (R = 0.31; P = 0.06). Mean 201Tl index for grade III tumors (3.27 +/- 1.89 [SD]) was significantly different from that for grade IV tumors (4.34 +/- 1.29). The sample position on the trajectory correlated with the MI (R = 0.39; P = 0.01). In 4 of the 10 patients, a variation in tumor grade could be observed along the trajectory. In all patients, the highest proliferative activity was within 5-10 mm of the target. CONCLUSION These results support the view that 201Tl SPECT may contribute to the successful management of brain tumor patients requiring stereotactic biopsy, without causing a significant increase in discomfort or morbidity. The development of similar techniques integrating sSPECT data in the planning of stereotactic biopsy should be considered by centers performing stereotactic surgery and having access to SPECT technology. In the long term, this technique could become a support for focused gene therapy and cell transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Hemm
- Research Unit on Movement Disorders (URMA), University Hospital, Montpellier, France
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47
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Abstract
Oncogenic osteomalacia is a rare clinicopathologic entity, linked to a mesenchymal tumor which overexpresses a hypophosphatemic factor, supposed to be the FGF-23. To date, about 100 cases have been published. We report the case of a 40-year-old man who presented an osteomalacic syndrome with no classical etiological diagnosis. The discovery of a subcutaneous tumor of the right foot and a high serum level of FGF-23 suggested the diagnosis of oncogenic osteomalacia. Surgical removal of the tumor resulted in complete reversal of the clinical and biochemical defects. Pathologic examination revealed spindle cells associated with osteoclast-like giant cells, embedded within a myxoid matrix which showed floculent calcification. These observations were compatible with the features of PMTMCT (Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor mixed connective tissue variant).
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Affiliation(s)
- Flora Poizat
- Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CH Gui-de-Chauliac, 80 rue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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48
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Kalfa N, Patte C, Orbach D, Lecointre C, Pienkowski C, Philippe F, Thibault E, Plantaz D, Brauner R, Rubie H, Guedj AM, Ecochard A, Paris F, Jeandel C, Baldet P, Sultan C. A nationwide study of granulosa cell tumors in pre- and postpubertal girls: missed diagnosis of endocrine manifestations worsens prognosis. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2005; 18:25-31. [PMID: 15679066 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2005.18.1.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are very few data on the natural history of ovarian granulosa cell tumors (OGCT) in children. The aim of this study was to determine whether early recognition and diagnosis of the initial endocrine signs could improve the outcome of these tumors. METHODS In a nationwide study from 1990 to 2004, we analyzed the clinical, biological and pathologic data from 40 pre- and postpubertal girls presenting an OGCT. RESULTS 1. Among the prepubertal girls (n = 29), 17 OGCTs were diagnosed on the basis of precocious pseudopuberty. None of the 17 girls had a peritoneal spread of the tumor (100% FIGO stage Ia). Diagnosis based on a tumoral or acute abdomen (12 cases) was associated with frequent intraperitoneal ruptures of the tumor (50%) and a risk of relapse (2 cases). Of the eight girls who had had a misdiagnosed precocious pseudopuberty, five had a pre- or perioperative tumoral rupture. 2. Among the postpubertal girls (n = 11), endocrine manifestations such as secondary amenorrhea or virilization had been underevaluated in three of them and the diagnosis was established from a tumoral abdomen. This clinical presentation was associated with frequent ruptures of the mass in the peritoneum (80%) and a higher risk of recurrence (30%). 3. A delayed diagnosis of OGCT despite previous endocrine signs (11 cases; 8 pre- and 3 postpubertal) was associated with a high risk of pre- or peri-operative peritoneal tumor spreading (70% FIGO stage Ic or IIc, p <0.05). The mean delay for diagnosis ranged from 3 to 11 months. CONCLUSION This study highlights the critical role of early diagnosis of OGCT in pre- and postpubertal girls, particularly at the first seemingly banal signs of endocrine disorder. Peritoneal spread of the tumor may thereby be prevented, which improves the prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Kalfa
- Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, France
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49
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Abstract
Breast carcinomas with false negative mammogram correspond to carcinomas diagnosed with means other than mammogram when the mammogram, at the time of diagnosis, showed no significant abnormality. The rate of false mammogram is difficult to ascertain because few studies have been published on this subject. The absence of mammographic abnormality is related to histopathological characteristics of the tumor and mammographic features of the patient's breast tissue. The small size of the tumor, the lack of microcalcifications often due to tumor necrosis and the absence of any significant associated desmoplastic reaction are the main histopathological factors encountered, particularly for dense breasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roger
- Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHU de Montpellier. 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5
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50
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Roger P, Ragu N, Bibeau F, Delfour C, Serre I, Baldet P, Taourel P. Caractéristiques histopathologiques des carcinomes mammaires sans signes mammographiques – étude rétrospective portant sur 15 patientes. Ann Pathol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0242-6498(04)94145-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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