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Dotta L, Baresi G, Tamassia N, Calzetti F, Bianchetto-Aguilera F, Gasperini S, Gardiman E, Chiarini M, Moratto D, Martellosio G, Serana F, Micheletti M, Tregambe D, Pintabona V, Soncini E, Meini A, Girelli MF, Beghin A, Lanfranchi A, Bugatti M, Brugnoni D, Soresina A, Plebani A, Cassatella M, Vermi W, Porta F, Badolato R. Clinical and transcriptomic characteristics of a novel SMARCD2 mutation that disrupts neutrophil maturation and function. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2023; 70:e30671. [PMID: 37712719 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.30671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel case of SMARCD2 (SWI/SNF-related, matrix-associated, actin-dependent regulator of chromatin, subfamily D, member 2) mutation successfully treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The female patient presented delayed cord separation, chronic diarrhea, skin abscesses, skeletal dysmorphisms, and neutropenia with specific granule deficiency. Analysis of the transcriptomic profile of peripheral blood sorted mature and immature SMARCD2 neutrophils showed defective maturation process that associated with altered expression of genes related to specific, azurophilic, and gelatinase granules, such as LTF, CRISP3, PTX3, and CHI3L1. These abnormalities account for the prevalence of immature neutrophils in the peripheral blood, impaired function, and deregulated inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dotta
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciencies, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giulia Baresi
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Nicola Tamassia
- General Pathology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Federica Calzetti
- General Pathology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Sara Gasperini
- General Pathology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Elisa Gardiman
- General Pathology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Marco Chiarini
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Moratto
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martellosio
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federico Serana
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Moira Micheletti
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Tregambe
- Hematology Unit, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Pintabona
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Antonella Meini
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Beghin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Duilio Brugnoni
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annarosa Soresina
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciencies, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco Cassatella
- General Pathology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Pediatrics, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciencies, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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2
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Malagola M, Polverelli N, Beghin A, Bolda F, Comini M, Farina M, Morello E, Radici V, Accorsi Buttini E, Bernardi S, Re F, Leoni A, Bonometti D, Brugnoni D, Lanfranchi A, Russo D. Bone marrow CD34+ molecular chimerism as an early predictor of relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1133418. [PMID: 36950550 PMCID: PMC10025489 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1133418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring is an important tool to optimally address post-transplant management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the impact of bone marrow CD34+ molecular chimerism and WT1 on the outcome of a consecutive series of 168 AML patients submitted to allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Results The cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR) was significantly lower in patients with donor chimerism on CD34+ cells ≥ 97.5% and WT1 < 213 copies/ABL x 10^4 both at 1st month (p=0.008 and p<0.001) and at 3rd month (p<0.001 for both). By combining chimerism and WT1 at 3rd month, 13 patients with chimerism < 97.5% or WT1 > 213 showed intermediate prognosis. 12 of these patients fell in this category because of molecular chimerism < 97.5% at a time-point in which WT1 was < 213. Conclusions Our results confirm that lineage-specific molecular chimerism and WT1 after allo-SCT (1st and 3rd month) are useful MRD markers. When considered together at 3rd month, CD34+ molecular chimerism could represent an earlier predictor of relapse compared to WT1. Further studies are necessary to confirm this preliminary observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Malagola
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- *Correspondence: Michele Malagola,
| | - Nicola Polverelli
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Beghin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bolda
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta Comini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mirko Farina
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Enrico Morello
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Vera Radici
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eugenia Accorsi Buttini
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Simona Bernardi
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologico AIL (CREA) , “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Re
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologico AIL (CREA) , “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Leoni
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Centro di Ricerca Emato-oncologico AIL (CREA) , “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Bonometti
- Department of Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Duilio Brugnoni
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Blood Diseases and Cell Therapies unit, Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, “ASST-Spedali Civili” Hospital of Brescia, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Lanfranchi A, Tassinato G, Valentino F, Martinez GA, Jones E, Gioia C, Bertin L, Cavinato C. Hydrodynamic cavitation pre-treatment of urban waste: Integration with acidogenic fermentation, PHAs synthesis and anaerobic digestion processes. Chemosphere 2022; 301:134624. [PMID: 35439492 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Urban waste can be valorized within a biorefinery approach, producing platform chemicals, biopolymers and energy. In this framework, hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) is a promising pre-treatment for improving biodegradability due to its high effectiveness and low cost. This paper deals with the effect of HC pre-treatment on the acidogenic co-fermentation process of thickened sewage sludge from a WWTP and seasonal vegetable waste from a wholesale market. Specifically, HC was assessed by testing two sets of parameters (i.e., treatment time of 30 and 50 min; vacuum pressure 1.4 and 2.0 bar; applied power 8 and 17 kW) to determine its effectiveness as a pre-treatment of the mixture. The highest increase in sCOD (+83%) and VFAs (from 1.93 to 17.29 gCODVFA L-1) was gained after 50 min of cavitation. Fermentations were conducted with not cavitated and cavitated mixtures at 37 °C on 4 L reactors in batch mode, then switched to semi-continuous with OLR of 8 kgTVS m-3 d-1 and HRT of 5-6.6 d. Good VFAs concentrations (12.94-18.27 gCODVFA L-1) and yields (0.44-0.53 gCODVFA gVS(0)-1) were obtained, which could be enhanced by pre-treatment optimization and pH control. The organic acid rich broth obtained was then assessed as a substrate for PHAs storage by C. necator. It yielded 0.37 g g-1 of polyhydroxybutyrate, such biopolymer resulted to have analogous physicochemical characteristics of commercial equivalent. The only generated side-stream would be the solid-rich fraction of the fermented effluent, which valorization was assessed through BMP tests, showing a higher SGP of 0.42 Nm3 kgTVS-1 for the cavitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lanfranchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre, 30174, Italy.
| | - G Tassinato
- Green Propulsion Laboratory, Veritas s.p.a., Fusina, VE, 30175, Italy
| | - F Valentino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre, 30174, Italy
| | - G A Martinez
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini, 28, I-40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Jones
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini, 28, I-40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Gioia
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini, 28, I-40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Bertin
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Università di Bologna, Via Terracini, 28, I-40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Cavinato
- Dipartimento di Scienze Ambientali, Informatica e Statistica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Mestre, 30174, Italy
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4
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Gallone G, Bellettini M, Gatti M, Bruno F, Scudeler L, Cusenza V, Lanfranchi A, Angelini A, De Filippo O, Iannaccone M, Prati F, Porto I, Pontone G, Depaoli A, Usmiani T, D‘ascenzo F, De Ferrari G, Forni J. P388 CORONARY PLAQUE CHARACTERISTICS ASSOCIATED WITH MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS AMONG ATHEROSCLEROTIC PATIENTS AND LESIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META–ANALYSIS. Eur Heart J Suppl 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/suac012.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The clinical value of coronary plaque characteristics (CPCs) to inform intensified medical therapy or revascularization of non–flow–limiting lesion remains uncertain. We performed a systematic review and meta–analysis to study the prognostic impact of CPCs comprehensively assessed with invasive and non–invasive imaging technologies on patient–level and lesion–level major cardiovascular adverse events (MACE).
Methods
We systematically reviewed MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database for studies evaluating the association of CPC with patient–level and lesion–level (MACE). CPCs included high plaque burden, low minimal lumen area, thin cap fibroatheroma, high lipid core burden index, low attenuation plaque, spotty calcification, napkin ring sign or positive remodelling.
Results
Thirty studies (21 retrospective, 9 prospective) with 30.369 patients were included. CPCs were evaluated by invasive intravascular techniques in 9 studies (optical coherence tomography=4, intravascular ultrasound imaging=3, near–infrared spectroscopy intravascular ultrasound imaging=2) and by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in 21 studies. CPCs were significantly predictive of patient–level and lesion–level MACE, also when only adjusted data where considered. For each CPC, the odds appeared higher for lesion–level (HR range 3.2–16.8) as compared to patient–level MACE (HR range 1.8–4.1). Accuracy was modest to moderate for most CPCs at the patient–level (AUC for MACE ranging between 0.53 and 0.84) and moderate to good for most CPCs at the lesion–level (AUC for MACE ranging between 0.71 and 0.83). Plaques with more than one CPC had the highest accuracy for lesion–level MACE (AUC 0.87, 95%CI 0.84–0.90). CPC pooled sensitivities for lesion–level MACE ranged between 40% and 63% and specificities between 73% and 98%. As the pooled prevalence of CPCs among plaques was low (3% to 28%), the estimated positive predictive values for lesion–level MACE were modest (range 33% to 45%).
Conclusion
CCTA and intravascular imaging characterization of CPCs provides independent prognostic value among atherosclerotic patients and lesions. However, the modest sensitivity and positive predictive value observed across all CPCs seem to suggest modest clinical value, especially to predict lesion–level events (PROSPERO identifier: CRD42021251810).
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gallone
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - M Bellettini
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - M Gatti
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - F Bruno
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - L Scudeler
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - V Cusenza
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - A Lanfranchi
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - A Angelini
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - O De Filippo
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - M Iannaccone
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - F Prati
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - I Porto
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - G Pontone
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - A Depaoli
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - T Usmiani
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - F D‘ascenzo
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - G De Ferrari
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
| | - J Forni
- CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO; OSPEDALE SAN GIOVANNI–ADDOLORATA, ROMA E CENTRO PER LA LOTTA CONTRO L’INFARTO, ROMA; UNIVERSITÀ DI GENOVA, GENOVA; IRCCS CENTRO CARDIOLOGICO MONZINO, MILANO; CITTÀ DELLA SALUTE E DELLA SCIENZA, TORINO
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5
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Lankester AC, Neven B, Mahlaoui N, von Asmuth EGJ, Courteille V, Alligon M, Albert MH, Serra IB, Bader P, Balashov D, Beier R, Bertrand Y, Blanche S, Bordon V, Bredius RG, Cant A, Cavazzana M, Diaz-de-Heredia C, Dogu F, Ehlert K, Entz-Werle N, Fasth A, Ferrua F, Ferster A, Formankova R, Friedrich W, Gonzalez-Vicent M, Gozdzik J, Güngör T, Hoenig M, Ikinciogullari A, Kalwak K, Kansoy S, Kupesiz A, Lanfranchi A, Lindemans CA, Meisel R, Michel G, Miranda NAA, Moraleda J, Moshous D, Pichler H, Rao K, Sedlacek P, Slatter M, Soncini E, Speckmann C, Sundin M, Toren A, Vettenranta K, Worth A, Yeşilipek MA, Zecca M, Porta F, Schulz A, Veys P, Fischer A, Gennery AR. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in severe combined immunodeficiency: The SCETIDE 2006-2014 European cohort. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 149:1744-1754.e8. [PMID: 34718043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) represents a curative treatment for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), a group of monogenic immune disorders with an otherwise fatal outcome. OBJECTIVE We performed a comprehensive multicenter analysis of genotype-specific HSCT outcome, including detailed analysis of immune reconstitution (IR) and the predictive value for clinical outcome. METHODS HSCT outcome was studied in 338 patients with genetically confirmed SCID who underwent transplantation in 2006-2014 and who were registered in the SCETIDE registry. In a representative subgroup of 152 patients, data on IR and long-term clinical outcome were analyzed. RESULTS Two-year OS was similar with matched family and unrelated donors and better than mismatched donor HSCT (P < .001). The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was similar in matched and mismatched unrelated donor and less favorable in mismatched related donor (MMRD) HSCT (P < .001). Genetic subgroups did not differ in 2-year OS (P = .1) and EFS (P = .073). In multivariate analysis, pretransplantation infections and use of MMRDs were associated with less favorable OS and EFS. With a median follow-up of 6.2 years (range, 2.0-11.8 years), 73 of 152 patients in the IR cohort were alive and well without Ig dependency. IL-2 receptor gamma chain/Janus kinase 3/IL-7 receptor-deficient SCID, myeloablative conditioning, matched donor HSCT, and naive CD4 T lymphocytes >0.5 × 10e3/μL at +1 year were identified as independent predictors of favorable clinical and immunologic outcome. CONCLUSION Recent advances in HSCT in SCID patients have resulted in improved OS and EFS in all genotypes and donor types. To achieve a favorable long-term outcome, treatment strategies should aim for optimal naive CD4 T lymphocyte regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan C Lankester
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Program and Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Benedicte Neven
- Unité d'Immuno-hematologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163, Laboratory of Immunogenetics of Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases, Paris, France
| | - Nizar Mahlaoui
- French National Reference Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies (CEREDIH) and European Registry for Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies (SCETIDE), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Erik G J von Asmuth
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Program and Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Virginie Courteille
- French National Reference Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies (CEREDIH) and European Registry for Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies (SCETIDE), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Mikael Alligon
- French National Reference Center for Primary Immunodeficiencies (CEREDIH) and European Registry for Stem Cell Transplantation for Primary Immunodeficiencies (SCETIDE), Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Michael H Albert
- Dr von Haunersches University Children's Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Badell Serra
- Hospital Clínic, Sant Creu i Sant Pau Hospital, Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter Bader
- Department for Children and Adolescents Medicine, Division for Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Dmitry Balashov
- Department for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Dmitriy Rogachev National Center for Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rita Beier
- Klinik für Pädiatrische Hämatologie und Onkologie, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yves Bertrand
- Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Hospices Civils de Lyon and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Stephane Blanche
- Unité d'Immuno-hematologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Victoria Bordon
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology and Stem Cell Transplant, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robbert G Bredius
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Program and Laboratory for Pediatric Immunology, Willem-Alexander Children's Hospital, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew Cant
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, and the Paediatric Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- Université de Paris, Paris, France; Paris Biotherapy Department, Necker Children's Hospital Assistance, Paris, France; Biotherapy Clinical Investigation Center, Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, INSERM, Paris, France; Laboratory of Genomic Dynamics in the Immune System, Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Diaz-de-Heredia
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, and Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Figen Dogu
- Department of PIA and the BMT Unit, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Karoline Ehlert
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Natacha Entz-Werle
- Pediatric Onco-hematology Department-Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Anders Fasth
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francesca Ferrua
- Pediatric Immunohematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit and the San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy (SR-Tiget), IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Alina Ferster
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Renata Formankova
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Teaching Hospital Motol, 2nd Medical School, Charles University Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Wilhelm Friedrich
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Vicent
- Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario "Niño Jesus," Madrid, Spain
| | - Jolanta Gozdzik
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantation, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tayfun Güngör
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, Immunology, Gene Therapy and Stem Cell Transplantation, and Children's Research Center (CRC), University Children's Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manfred Hoenig
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Krzysztof Kalwak
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and BMT, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Savas Kansoy
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Ege University Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Alphan Kupesiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology, and Oncology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Diagnostic Department, Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Caroline A Lindemans
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roland Meisel
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Stem Cell Therapy, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gerard Michel
- Service d'Hématologie Immunologie Oncologie Pédiatrique, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Nuno A A Miranda
- BMT Unit, Instituto Português de Oncologia de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Jose Moraleda
- Department of Hematology and Hemotherapy, Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca-IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Despina Moshous
- Unité d'Immuno-hematologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; Laboratory of Genomic Dynamics in the Immune System, Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163, Paris, France
| | - Herbert Pichler
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, Children's Cancer Institute, St Anna Hospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kanchan Rao
- Great Ormond Street (GOS) Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Petr Sedlacek
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Teaching Hospital Motol, 2nd Medical School, Charles University Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mary Slatter
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, and the Paediatric Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Carsten Speckmann
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, and Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency (CCI), Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Mikael Sundin
- Section of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology, and HCT, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, and Division of Pediatrics, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Amos Toren
- Paediatric Hemato-oncology and BMT, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Kim Vettenranta
- University of Helsinki and Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Austen Worth
- Great Ormond Street (GOS) Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mehmet A Yeşilipek
- Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Unit, Medicalpark Antalya & Göztepe Hospitals, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Marco Zecca
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Oncohaematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ansgar Schulz
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Paul Veys
- Great Ormond Street (GOS) Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust and University College London GOS Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alain Fischer
- Unité d'Immuno-hematologie et Rhumatologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Andrew R Gennery
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, and the Paediatric Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Unit, Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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Maffeis M, Notarangelo LD, Schumacher RF, Soncini E, Soresina A, Lanfranchi A, Porta F. Primary Immunodeficiencies and Oncological Risk: The Experience of the Children's Hospital of Brescia. Front Pediatr 2019; 7:232. [PMID: 31275905 PMCID: PMC6593615 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2019.00232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are characterized by recurrent infections and increased risk of malignancies because of the reduced immunological surveillance against cancer cells and oncogenic viruses. Methods: We report the incidence of tumors among 690 patients with PID, diagnosed from 1990 until 2017 in Brescia. Results: Out of 690 patients, 25 patients (3.6%) developed 33 tumors. Of the 25 affected patients, 8 patients suffered from common variable immunodeficiency (CVID), 5 from combined immunodeficiency (CID), 3 from Ataxia-telangectasia (AT), 2 from Hermanksy-Pudlak type 2 (HSP2), 2 from gammaglobulinemia X-linked (XLA), 2 from Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), 2 from Hyper IgE syndrome (HIES), 1 from severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). The age at diagnosis ranged from 1 to 52 years, with a median age of 19.6 years. The time between the diagnosis of PID and onset of tumor was short, often <1 year between diagnosis and the appearance of cancer in the case of CID. Moreover, in two cases of CID, the diagnosis of cancer was made before the diagnosis of PID, so cancer was the onset clinical manifestation. Hematological malignancies were prevalent (22/33, 66.7%) with a minority of solid tumors (11/33, 33.33%). In particular Non-Hodgkin lymphomas were the most frequent (16/33, 48.48%). In total 13 patients survived (52%) and tumor was the main cause of death (7 cases). Two patients underwent BMT once the disease was in remission. Conclusions: Therefore, the correct management of tumors that arise in patients with primitive immunodeficiency still represents a challenge in the pediatric field. For this reason now it is mandatory to collect in a unique international registry the cases of malignancies in PID that could lead to a better understanding of the etiopathogenesis and of the biological and clinical characteristics of these tumors, with the aim of defining adequate preventive measures and guaranteeing an early diagnosis which also creating a shared and specific therapeutic strategy, with the prospect of obtaining a better prognosis for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Maffeis
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia Dora Notarangelo
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Richard Fabian Schumacher
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Annarosa Soresina
- Pediatric Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Diagnostic Department, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Oncohematology and Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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Tripodi SI, Corti P, Giliani S, Lanfranchi A, Biondi A, Badolato R. Heterozygous Mutation in Adenosine Deaminase Gene in a Patient With Severe Lymphopenia Following Corticosteroid Treatment of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:272. [PMID: 30327760 PMCID: PMC6174357 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a previously healthy 14-year-old girl with acute onset autoimmune hemolytic anemia, associated with severe but transient lymphopenia during corticosteroid therapy, without infectious episodes during follow-up. After detailed investigations to rule out an underlying immunodeficiency, we detected a heterozygous ADA gene mutation. This was associated with slightly increased blood levels of adenosine and deoxyadenosine nucleotides and with reduced ADA activity in red blood cells, but within the normal range. This observation suggests that heterozygous ADA mutation might be a predisposing factor for lymphopenia in patients receiving corticosteroid therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serena I. Tripodi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Corti
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Silvia Giliani
- Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and “A. Nocivelli” Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital and Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Biondi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Milan-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
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8
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Lanfranchi A, Lougaris V, Notarangelo LD, Soncini E, Comini M, Beghin A, Bolda F, Montanelli A, Imberti L, Porta F. Maternal T-cell engraftment impedes with diagnosis of a SCID-ADA patient. Clin Immunol 2018; 193:118-120. [PMID: 29355610 PMCID: PMC7106042 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We describe the case of a child affected by severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency showing a maternal T-cell engraftment, a finding that has never been reported before. The presence of engrafted maternal T cells was misleading. Although ADA enzymatic levels were suggestive of ADA-SCID, the child did not present the classical signs of ADA deficiency; therefore, the initial diagnosis was of a conventional SCID. However, ADA toxic metabolites and molecular characterization confirmed this diagnosis. Polyethylene glycol-modified bovine (PEG) ADA therapy progressively decreased the number of maternal engrafted T cells. The child was grafted with full bone marrow from a matched unrelated donor, after a reduced conditioning regimen, and the result was the complete immunological reconstitution. Maternal engrafted T-cell in ADA-SCID Engrafted T cells can be misleading for diagnosis Diagnostic testing is critical
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia Dora Notarangelo
- Pediatric Onco-Haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elena Soncini
- Pediatric Onco-Haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marta Comini
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandra Beghin
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bolda
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Montanelli
- Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Centro Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA), Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Diagnostics Department, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Onco-Haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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9
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De Rose DU, Giliani S, Notarangelo LD, Lougaris V, Lanfranchi A, Moratto D, Martire B, Specchia F, Tommasini A, Plebani A, Badolato R. Long term outcome of eight patients with type 1 Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency (LAD-1): Not only infections, but high risk of autoimmune complications. Clin Immunol 2018; 191:75-80. [PMID: 29548898 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency type 1 (LAD-1) is a rare primary immunodeficiency due to mutations in the gene encoding for the common β-chain of the β2 integrin family (CD18). Herein, we describe clinical manifestations and long-term complications of eight LAD-1 patients. Four LAD-1 patients were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), while the remaining four, including two with moderate LAD-1 deficiency, received continuous antibiotic prophylaxis. Untreated patients presented numerous infections and autoimmune manifestations. In particular, two of them developed renal and intestinal autoimmune diseases, despite the expression of Beta-2 integrin was partially conserved. Other two LAD-1 patients developed type 1 diabetes and autoimmune cytopenia after HSCT, suggesting that HSCT is effective for preventing infections in LAD-1, but does not prevent the risk of the autoimmune complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Umberto De Rose
- Clinica Pediatrica and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Giliani
- Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Vassilios Lougaris
- Clinica Pediatrica and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy; Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniele Moratto
- Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Baldassarre Martire
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Unit, "Policlinico Giovanni XXIII" Hospital, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Tommasini
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCSS "Burlo Garofolo", Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Plebani
- Clinica Pediatrica and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy; Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Badolato
- Clinica Pediatrica and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili Hospital, Brescia, Italy; Cytogenetic and Medical Genetics Unit and "A. Nocivelli" Institute for Molecular Medicine, Spedali Civili Hospital, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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10
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Beghin A, Comini M, Soresina A, Imberti L, Zucchi M, Plebani A, Montanelli A, Porta F, Lanfranchi A. Chronic Granulomatous Disease in children: a single center experience. Clin Immunol 2018; 188:12-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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11
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Naviglio S, Soncini E, Vairo D, Lanfranchi A, Badolato R, Porta F. Long-Term Survival After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Complete STAT1 Deficiency. J Clin Immunol 2017; 37:701-706. [DOI: 10.1007/s10875-017-0430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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12
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Aranburu A, Piano Mortari E, Baban A, Giorda E, Cascioli S, Marcellini V, Scarsella M, Ceccarelli S, Corbelli S, Cantarutti N, De Vito R, Inserra A, Nicolosi L, Lanfranchi A, Porta F, Cancrini C, Finocchi A, Carsetti R. Human B-cell memory is shaped by age- and tissue-specific T-independent and GC-dependent events. Eur J Immunol 2016; 47:327-344. [PMID: 27859047 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201646642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Switched and IgM memory B cells execute different and noninterchangeable functions. We studied memory B cells in children of different ages, in peripheral blood and spleen and compared them with those of children born asplenic or unable to build germinal centers. We show that, whereas switched memory B cells are mostly generated in the germinal centers at all ages, IgM memory B cells can be distinct in three types with different developmental history. Innate IgM memory B cells, the largest pool in infants, are generated in the spleen by a germinal center-independent mechanism. With age, if the spleen is present and germinal centers are functional, innate IgM memory B cells are remodelled and accumulate somatic mutations. The third type of IgM memory B cell is a by-product of the germinal center reaction. Our data suggest that the B-cell memory developmental program is implemented during the first 5-6 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaitz Aranburu
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Eva Piano Mortari
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Anwar Baban
- Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome
| | - Ezio Giorda
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Simona Cascioli
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Valentina Marcellini
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Scarsella
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Sara Ceccarelli
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy
| | - Sandro Corbelli
- Core Facilities, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Cantarutti
- Medical and Surgical Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome
| | - Rita De Vito
- Division of Pathology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Inserra
- Pediatric General and Thoracic Surgery Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciana Nicolosi
- Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Fulvio Porta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Caterina Cancrini
- DPUO, University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and University of Tor Vergata School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Finocchi
- DPUO, University Department of Pediatrics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and University of Tor Vergata School of Medicine, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita Carsetti
- B Cell Physiopathology Unit, Immunology Research Area, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino, Gesù IRCSS, Roma, Italy.,Diagnostic Immunology Unit, Department of Oncohematology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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13
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Baffelli R, Notarangelo LD, Imberti L, Hershfield MS, Serana F, Santisteban I, Bolda F, Porta F, Lanfranchi A. Diagnosis, Treatment and Long-Term Follow Up of Patients with ADA Deficiency: a Single-Center Experience. J Clin Immunol 2015; 35:624-37. [PMID: 26376800 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-015-0191-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We carried out a retrospective analysis of 27 patients with Adenosine Deaminase (ADA) deficiency diagnosed in a single center from 1997 to the 2013, for evaluating whether data regarding types of disease-inducing mutations, biochemical and immunological features as well as clinical outcomes of patients treated with enzyme replacement or transplantation, were comparable to those obtained in multicenter studies. METHODS The ADA deficiency diagnosis was performed with biochemical, immunological and molecular techniques. Ten patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and three in treatment with enzyme replacement were followed up in our center. RESULTS Twenty-four different mutations were identified and five were not previously reported. Identical mutations were found among patients from the same Romani ethnic group or from the same geographical region. A more rapid recovery was observed in enzyme replacement treated patients in comparison with those transplanted that, however, showed a continuous and long-lasting improvement both in terms of immune and metabolic recovery. CONCLUSION The data obtained in our single center are comparable with those that have been reported in multicenter surveys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Baffelli
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Lucia D Notarangelo
- Pediatric Onco-Haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Imberti
- Centro Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA), Diagnostics Department, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Federico Serana
- Centro Ricerca Emato-oncologica AIL (CREA), Diagnostics Department, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Ines Santisteban
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Federica Bolda
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Pediatric Onco-Haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Section of Hematology and Blood Coagulation, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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14
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Pagani IS, Spinelli O, Mattarucchi E, Pirrone C, Pigni D, Amelotti E, Lilliu S, Boroni C, Intermesoli T, Giussani U, Caimi L, Bolda F, Baffelli R, Candi E, Pasquali F, Lo Curto F, Lanfranchi A, Porta F, Rambaldi A, Porta G. Genomic quantitative real-time PCR proves residual disease positivity in more than 30% samples with negative mRNA-based qRT-PCR in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. Oncoscience 2014; 1:510-21. [PMID: 25594053 PMCID: PMC4278316 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Imatinib mesylate (IM) is the first line therapy against Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, effectively prolonging overall survival. Because discontinuation of treatment is associated with relapse, IM is required indefinitely to maintain operational cure. To assess minimal residual disease, cytogenetic analysis is insensitive in a high background of normal lymphocytes. The qRT-PCR provides highly sensitive detection of BCR-ABL1 transcripts, but mRNA levels are not directly related to the number of leukemic cells, and undetectable results are difficult to interpret. We developed a sensitive approach to detect the number of leukemic cells by a genomic DNA (gDNA) Q-PCR assay based on the break-point sequence, with a formula to calculate the number of Ph-positive cells. We monitored 8 CML patients treated with IM for more than 8 years. We tested each samples by patient specific gDNA Q-PCR in parallel by the conventional techniques. In all samples positive for chimeric transcripts we showed corresponding chimeric gDNA by Q-PCR, and in 32.8% (42/128) of samples with undetectable levels of mRNA we detected the persistence of leukemic cells. The gDNA Q-PCR assay could be a new diagnostic tool used in parallel to conventional techniques to support the clinician's decision to vary or to STOP IM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria S Pagani
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy ; Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Orietta Spinelli
- Hematology laboratory, USC Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Elia Mattarucchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Pirrone
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Diana Pigni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Amelotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Silvia Lilliu
- Hematology laboratory, USC Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Chiara Boroni
- Hematology laboratory, USC Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tamara Intermesoli
- Hematology laboratory, USC Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Ursula Giussani
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Luigi Caimi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bolda
- Laboratory of chemical-clinical analysis, Section of Hematology and blood coagulation, Stem Cells laboratory, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Renata Baffelli
- Laboratory of chemical-clinical analysis, Section of Hematology and blood coagulation, Stem Cells laboratory, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Eleonora Candi
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pasquali
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Francesco Lo Curto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
| | - Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Laboratory of chemical-clinical analysis, Section of Hematology and blood coagulation, Stem Cells laboratory, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fulvio Porta
- Laboratory of chemical-clinical analysis, Section of Hematology and blood coagulation, Stem Cells laboratory, Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rambaldi
- Hematology laboratory, USC Hematology, Papa Giovanni XXIII Hospital, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Porta
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Insubria University, Varese, Italy
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Abstract
The epidermal eyespots of the acoel Otocelis rubropunctata would appear to consist of a single cell type provided with pigment granules and cilia. Very numerous dictyosomes characterize the cytoplasm of the cells. The cilia possess the 9X2 + 2 pattern of microtubules and the typical rootlets of acoels. Microvilli are interspersed among the cilia. The basal surface of the cells seems to present synatpic input and to generate an axonal process, which would confirm their photosensitive role. The structural similarities with other photoreceptors are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lanfranchi
- Department of Animal Behaviour and Human Sciences, University of Pisa, via A. Volta, 6, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
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16
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Serana F, Sottini A, Chiarini M, Zanotti C, Ghidini C, Lanfranchi A, Notarangelo LD, Caimi L, Imberti L. The different extent of B and T cell immune reconstitution after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and enzyme replacement therapies in SCID patients with adenosine deaminase deficiency. J Immunol 2010; 185:7713-22. [PMID: 21057082 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1001770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The lack of adenosine deaminase (ADA) leads to the accumulation of toxic metabolites, resulting in SCID. If the disease is left untreated, it is likely to have a fatal outcome in early infancy. Because hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) and enzyme replacement therapy with pegylated bovine ADA (PEG-ADA) are both provided in our hospital, we undertook a retrospective longitudinal comparative study of the extent of lymphocyte recovery in two groups of treated ADA-SCID children. Together with classical immunological parameters, we quantified the output of the new B and T cells from the production sites using the κ-deleting recombination excision circle and TCR excision circle assay, and we monitored T cell repertoire diversification. We found that immune reconstitution was different following the two treatments. The stable production of κ-deleting recombination excision circle(+) lymphocytes sustained an increase in B cell number in HSCT-treated patients, whereas in PEG-ADA-treated patients, it was accompanied by a significant and progressive decrease in circulating CD19(+) lymphocytes, which never reached the levels observed in age-matched children. The mobilization of TCR excision circle(+) cells, though lower than in controls, was stable with time after HSCT treatment, leading to a constant peripheral T cell number and to the diversification of the T cell repertoire; however, it was compromised in children receiving prolonged PEG-ADA therapy, whose T cells showed progressively narrowing T cell repertoires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Serana
- Department of Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Italy
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17
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Sottini A, Ghidini C, Zanotti C, Chiarini M, Caimi L, Lanfranchi A, Moratto D, Porta F, Imberti L. Simultaneous quantification of recent thymic T-cell and bone marrow B-cell emigrants in patients with primary immunodeficiency undergone to stem cell transplantation. Clin Immunol 2010; 136:217-27. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 04/06/2010] [Accepted: 04/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Abstract
The aim of the most recent studies on regenerative medicine was to focus on capability of stem cells deriving not only from haematopoietic system, but also from other organ and tissues, to regenerate damaged tissues. Stem cells derived from foetal annexes such as cord blood, placenta and amniotic fluid can be currently used in the effort to treat prenatally diagnosed genetic diseases. Cells derived from cord blood have been used since 1988 as an alternative source to realize stem cell transplantation. Compared with bone marrow, cord blood has shown the advantages of quick availability, less risk of GHVD, together with higher compatibility rates, and less risk of infections. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multi-potent stem cells able to differentiate into different lineages, including osteocytes, chondrocytes, and adipocytes. Because of their trafficking capacity to injured tissues, clinical trials have been started evaluating the use of MSCs in the treatment of metabolic diseases like Hurler syndrome and metachromatic leukodystrophy, or Osteogenesis Imperfecta. MSCs were initially identified in adult bone marrow (BM-MSC), but cells resembling BM-MSCs have also been found in other tissues, both adult (peripheral blood, synovial membrane) and foetal (peripheral blood, liver, spleen, placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic membrane). BM-MSCs have been widely used in clinical applications, as for cell-based therapy of Osteogenesis Imperfecta and metabolic diseases. In addition, human multi-potent MSCs present in second-trimester amniotic fluids may be a good target for prenatal gene therapy because of their expandability, their ability to differentiate into multiple lineages and their high transduction efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnalda Lanfranchi
- Department of Pediatric Onco-haematology and BMT Unit, Children's Hospital, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy
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19
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Lanfranchi A, Gelpi G, Rossi RS, Lemma M. A fast-growing obstructive left atrial intramural hematoma causing acute prolonged chest pain. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2009; 9:363-5. [DOI: 10.1510/icvts.2009.205443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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20
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Porta F, Lorenzi L, Bolda F, Bosi A, Gaspar H, Lanfranchi A. In Utero Gene and Cell Therapy for Congenital Diseaases. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Porta F, Forino C, De Martiis D, Soncini E, Notarangelo L, Tettoni K, D'Ippolito C, Soresina R, Shiha K, Berta S, Baffelli R, Bolda F, Bosi A, Schumacher FR, Lanfranchi A, Mazzolari E. Stem cell transplantation for primary immunodeficiencies. Bone Marrow Transplant 2008; 41 Suppl 2:S83-6. [PMID: 18545252 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2008.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BMT is curative in almost 75% of children affected by severe primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). Recently, the chance of cure has increased thanks to the availability of matched unrelated donors (MUDs). Nevertheless, besides the conventional indications to BMT (profound or absent T-cell function, profound or absent natural killer function, known syndromes with T-cell deficiencies), indications to BMT for PIDs affecting the quality of life or having an expectation of life that does not exceed the third-fourth decade remain unclear. Infact, if it is evident that the survival rate in an infant grafted for a PID with a MUD is expected to be more than 80%, alternative treatments such as gene therapy are now available.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Porta
- Oncology-Haematology and BMT Unit, Ospedale dei Bambini, Spedali Civili, Brescia.
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22
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Burgio GR, Aricó M, Marconi M, Lanfranchi A, Caselli D, Ugazio AG. Spontaneous NBT reduction by monocytes as a marker of disease activity in children with histiocytosis. Br J Haematol 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1990.00086.x-i1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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23
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Abstract
The use of adult stem cells in tissue regeneration appears to be a powerful research tool, due to the intrinsic characteristics of these cells, i.e., self-renewal and unlimited capacity for proliferation. In particular, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) obtained from bone marrow or peripheral blood can be easily isolated, cultivated, propagated and can be differentiated into several specialized cell types thanks to their plasticity. Among these cells, MSCs can evolve into cardiac cell lineages. Since heart damage leads to the irreversible loss of cardiac function, cell transplantation could be a potential therapy for heart injury. Our laboratory has focused on the purification and expansion of rat and sheep MSCs, their differentiation into cardiomyocytes and their characterisation. Numerous results indicate that MSCs could be promising for therapy, however we need to better understand the biology of stem cells to improve methods for delivery and/or pharmacological activation. These techniques can indeed track engrafted cells and systems to guarantee their safe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ferrari
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna, Via A. Bianchi, 7, 25124, Brescia, Italy.
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24
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Mazzolari E, Forino C, Guerci S, Imberti L, Lanfranchi A, Porta F, Notarangelo LD. Long-term immune reconstitution and clinical outcome after stem cell transplantation for severe T-cell immunodeficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2007; 120:892-9. [PMID: 17825895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2007] [Revised: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 08/06/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation allows long-term survival in a high proportion of infants with congenital severe T-cell immunodeficiency. However, relatively little is known of their long-term quality of life. OBJECTIVE We sought to assess the long-term immune reconstitution and clinical status in children treated with stem cell transplantation for severe T-cell immunodeficiency. METHODS Immune function and clinical status have been analyzed in a cohort of 40 patients with severe T-cell immunodeficiency who are alive at a follow-up of at least 5 years after transplantation. RESULTS Most patients have attained normal T- and B-cell function. Weight and height were normal at last follow-up in most patients. Endocrine and severe neurologic abnormalities have been observed in 17.5% and 10% of the patients, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that with current management strategies, stem cell transplantation can lead to long-term survival and good quality of life in the majority of patients with severe T-cell immunodeficiency. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Prompt recognition of congenital severe T-cell immunodeficiency, followed by stem cell transplantation, allows excellent perspectives of long-term survival and good quality of life for these otherwise fatal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelina Mazzolari
- Divisione di Oncoematologia Pediatrica, Ospedale dei Bambini, Spedali Civili
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25
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Mazzolari E, Lanzi G, Forino C, Lanfranchi A, Aksu G, Ozturk C, Giliani S, Notarangelo LD, Kutukculer N. First report of successful stem cell transplantation in a child with CD40 deficiency. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007; 40:279-81. [PMID: 17502893 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Pai SY, DeMartiis D, Forino C, Cavagnini S, Lanfranchi A, Giliani S, Moratto D, Mazza C, Porta F, Imberti L, Notarangelo LD, Mazzolari E. Stem cell transplantation for the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: a single-center experience confirms efficacy of matched unrelated donor transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2006; 38:671-9. [PMID: 17013426 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The treatment of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), a once uniformly fatal disorder, has evolved considerably as the use of hematopoietic stem cell transplant has become more widespread. For the majority of patients who lack an human leukocyte antigen-identical sibling, closely matched unrelated donor bone marrow transplant (MUD BMT) at an early age is an excellent option that nevertheless is not uniformly chosen. We retrospectively analyzed our experience with transplantation in 23 patients with WAS from 1990 to 2005 at the University of Brescia, Italy, of whom 16 received MUD BMT. Myeloablative chemotherapy was well tolerated with median neutrophil engraftment at day 18, and no cases of grade III or IV graft-vs-host disease. Overall survival was very good with 78.2% (18/23) of the whole cohort and 81.2% (13/16) of MUD BMT recipients surviving. Among 18 survivors, full donor engraftment was detected in 12 patients, and stable mixed chimerism in all blood lineages in four patients. Deaths were limited to patients who had received mismatched related BMT or who had severe clinical symptomatology at the time of transplantation, further emphasizing the safety and efficacy of MUD BMT when performed early in the clinical course of WAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-Y Pai
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Mazzolari E, Forino C, Fontana M, D'Ippolito C, Lanfranchi A, Gambineri E, Ochs H, Badolato R, Notarangelo LD. A new case of IPEX receiving bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 35:1033-4. [PMID: 15778724 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1704954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Mazzolari E, Moshous D, Forino C, De Martiis D, Offer C, Lanfranchi A, Giliani S, Imberti L, Pasic S, Ugazio AG, Porta F, Notarangelo LD. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Omenn syndrome: a single-center experience. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 36:107-14. [PMID: 15908971 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively analyzed the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) performed at our Center between 1991 and 2002 in 11 unselected patients with Omenn syndrome, a variant of severe combined immunodeficiency. The patients' mean age at the time of the first HSCT was 8.4 months. Two patients received two, and one patient three, HSCT procedures. The resulting 15 HSCT derived in seven cases from HLA-haploidentical parents, in four patients from matched unrelated donors, in three cases from an HLA phenotypically identical related donor, and in one case from an HLA genotypically identical family donor. Nine out of 11 patients are alive and immunoreconstituted 30-146 months after transplantation. At the time of the most recent evaluation, all of the nine survivors had normal T-cell function, and eight of them had developed normal antibody production. This study demonstrates an overall mortality of 18.2%, which is substantially lower than previously reported. Early recognition of OS, rapid initiation of adequate supportive treatment and HSCT lead to improved outcome for this otherwise fatal disease, regardless of the origin and matching of hematopoietic stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mazzolari
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, University of Brescia, Italy
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29
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Valgimigli M, Rigolin GM, Cittanti C, Malagutti P, Curello S, Percoco G, Bugli AM, Della Porta M, Bragotti LZ, Ansani L, Mauro E, Lanfranchi A, Giganti M, Feggi L, Castoldi G, Ferrari R. Use of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor during acute myocardial infarction to enhance bone marrow stem cell mobilization in humans: clinical and angiographic safety profile. Eur Heart J 2005; 26:1838-45. [PMID: 15860518 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehi289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS There is increasing evidence that stem cell (SC) mobilization to the heart and their differentiation into cardiac cells is a naturally occurring process. We sought to assess the safety and feasibility of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration in humans to enhance SC mobilization and left ventricle (LV) injury repair during myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty patients with STEMI (mean age, 61+/-10 years), of whom 14 were submitted to primary percutaneous coronary intervention, were randomized to G-CSF (5 microg/kg/day s.c. for 4 consecutive days) or placebo. At entry and then at months 3 and 6, (99m)Tc-sestamibi gated-SPECT was performed to estimate extension of perfusion defect (PD) and LV function. The study drug was well tolerated and induced a significant increase of white blood count, CD34(+) cells, and CD34(+) cells coexpressing AC133 and VEGFR-2. At follow-up, treated and placebo groups did not differ for the angiographic coronary late loss and showed a similar pattern of PD recovery, whereas in the former at 6 months LVEF and especially LVEDV tended to be relatively higher (P=0.068) and lower (P=0.054), respectively. CONCLUSION G-CSF administration in acute MI patients was feasible and did not lead to any clinical or angiographic adverse events and resulted in CD34(+) and CD34(+)AC133(+)VEGFR2(+) cell mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Valgimigli
- Section of Cardiology, University of Ferrara and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Arcispedale S. Anna C.rso Giovecca 203, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
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Ferrari M, Tambuscio T, Losio M, Lombardi G, Corradi A, Gregori A, Russo C, Garatti A, De Cicco G, Zigliani M, Mastropierro R, Moreo A, Beghi C, Lanfranchi A, Lorusso R. Isolation and characterization of skeletal muscle satellite cells for myocardial regeneration in a sheep model. Int J Cardiol 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(04)90037-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Pirovano S, Notarangelo LD, Malacarne F, Mazzolari E, Porta F, Lanfranchi A, Giliani S, Zucca S, Pecorelli S, Albertini A, Ugazio AG, Imberti L. Reconstitution of T-cell compartment after in utero stem cell transplantation: analysis of T-cell repertoire and thymic output. Haematologica 2004; 89:450-61. [PMID: 15075079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In utero transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells allows immune reconstitution of fetuses with severe combined immunodeficiency. The objective of this work was to study the quality of T-cell reconstitution following this procedure. DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated the kinetics and extent of T-cell reconstitution in five infants with severe combined immune deficiency (SCID), three with a B+ and two with a B- phenotype, who received haploidentical stem cell transplantation before birth. To this end, we measured the frequency of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC) and the diversity of the T-cell repertoire. RESULTS In utero transplantation led to engraftment of donor-derived T lymphocytes which attained normal numbers in four infants, who are in good health. In the three patients with a B+ phenotype, generation of a heterogeneous T-cell repertoire was associated with development of TREC levels comparable to those of SCID patients treated by post-natal transplantation and of healthy babies. Of the two patients with a B- phenotype, one developed mixed T-cell chimerism and a substantial number of circulating T cells, associated with a variable heterogeneity of the T-cell repertoire; TREC levels were normal soon after birth, but declined thereafter. The remaining B- patient remained lymphopenic with a skewed T-cell repertoire and very low TREC levels. This patient eventually required transplantation from a matched unrelated donor at 5 years of age, but died of EBV-related lymphoproliferative disease. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that in utero transplantation of fetuses with B+ SCID allows generation of newly diversified T lymphocytes and ensures long-term reconstitution of cell-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pirovano
- Terzo Servizio Analisi, Spedali Civili of Brescia and Department of Chemistry, University of Brescia, Italy
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Mazzolari E, Porta F, Forino C, Gandellini F, Maffeis B, Caldiani C, Rodriguez C, Lanfranchi A. One hundred children undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation with cyclopsporin (Neoral) by mouth. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.12.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Lanfranchi A, Verardi R, Baggio E, Mazzolari E, Porta F. Haploidentical transplants from positively selected bone marrow haematopoietic stem cells: report of 20 cases. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2003.12.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Re A, Cattaneo C, Michieli M, Casari S, Spina M, Rupolo M, Allione B, Nosari A, Schiantarelli C, Vigano M, Izzi I, Ferremi P, Lanfranchi A, Mazzuccato M, Carosi G, Tirelli U, Rossi G, Mazzuccato M. High-Dose Therapy and Autologous Peripheral-Blood Stem-Cell Transplantation As Salvage Treatment for HIV-Associated Lymphoma in Patients Receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy. J Clin Oncol 2003; 21:4423-7. [PMID: 14581441 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2003.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: High-dose therapy (HDT) and peripheral-blood stem-cell transplantation (PBSCT) in HIV-associated lymphoma (HIV-Ly) has been recently reported in selected patients. We describe the results of a multi-institutional program of HDT and PBSCT as salvage therapy in HIV-Ly responsive to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in unselected patients. Patients and Methods: Patients with resistant or relapsed HIV-Ly after first-line chemotherapy (CT) underwent PBSC collection after a course of second-line CT or cyclophosphamide and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Patients with chemotherapy-sensitive disease received carmustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and melphalan (BEAM regimen) and PBSC reinfusion. Effective HAART was maintained during the entire program. Results: Sixteen consecutive patients entered the program. Adequate collection of PBSC was obtained in 80% of patients (median CD34+ cells 6.8 × 106/kg). Three patients had early progression. Ten patients (62%) received PBSCT with prompt engraftment in all patients (neutrophils and platelet engraftment after a median of 10 days [range, 8 to 10 days] and 13 days [range, 8 to 18 days], respectively). No patients died as a result of opportunistic or other infections or treatment-related complications. Eight of nine assessable patients achieved complete remission (one patient after radiotherapy for residual disease) and one patient achieved partial remission. Two patients experienced relapse and died at +10 and +14 months. Six patients are alive and disease free at a median of 8 months after transplantation. Conclusion: Our data confirm that HDT plus PBSCT is feasible and active as salvage therapy in HIV-Ly on a multi-institutional basis and in unselected HAART-responding patients. HIV infection should no longer preclude the opportunity of HDT in patients with lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Re
- Divisione di Ematologia, Spedali Civili, p.le Spedali Civili, 1, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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Almici C, Ferremi P, Lanfranchi A, Ferrari E, Verardi R, Marini M, Rossi G. Uncontrolled-rate freezing of peripheral blood progenitor cells allows successful engraftment by sparing primitive and committed hematopoietic progenitors. Haematologica 2003; 88:1390-5. [PMID: 14687993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Uncontrolled-rate freezing (URF) techniques, which are fast and easy, could represent an attractive alternative to controlled-rate cryopreservation procedures which are time consuming and require high-level technical abilities. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate, on a routine basis, whether URF might spare primitive hematopoietic progenitors and maintain engrafting capacity. DESIGN AND METHODS One-hundred and nineteen peripheral blood progenitor cells (PBPC) collections from 104 patients with hematologic malignancies were cryopreserved in bags, with an URF procedure, in a cryoprotectant solution consisting of PBS, HSA and 10% DMSO and stored in liquid nitrogen. PBPC bags were tested before cryopreservation and at thawing for primitive (LTC-IC) and committed hematopoietic progenitors (CFU-Mix, BFU-E, CFU-GM) by means of long- and short-term culture assays, respectively. In addition, PBPC bags were evaluated for CD34+ cell numbers. RESULTS Although thawing was associated with a statistically significant reduction of the absolute number of nucleated cells, recovery of LTC-IC, CFU-Mix, BFU-E, CFU-GM and CD34+ cells was not affected by the freezing/thawing procedures. No adverse effects were reported at thawing and only mild transient reactions were recorded in 22 patients during reinfusion of cryopreserved PBPC. All the patients underwent myeloablative therapy followed by reinfusion of PBPC, and prompt and rapid hematopoietic recovery was obtained in all patients. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Our freezing procedure is fast and easy, and allows rapid hematopoietic recovery after myeloablative therapy by sparing primitive and committed hematopoietic progenitors. Our study strongly supports technical improvements aimed at cost reduction and feasibility of routine freezing procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Almici
- Department of Hematology, BMT Unit, Spedali Civili di Brescia, University of Brescia, Italy.
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Almici C, Imberti L, Lanfranchi A, Verardi R, Bellinzoni M, Berta S, Izzi T. Reconstitution of T-cell receptor repertoire diversity following non-myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation in an acute myeloid leukemia patient. Haematologica 2002; 87:ECR31. [PMID: 12368174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
MESH Headings
- Adult
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/chemistry
- Blood Transfusion, Autologous
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/immunology
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Subsets
- Male
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/chemistry
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Stem Cell Transplantation/methods
- T-Lymphocytes/chemistry
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Camillo Almici
- Department of Internal Medicine-Hematology, BMT Unit, Spedali Civili di Brescia, Italy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lanfranchi
- Department of Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson School of Medicine, University of Dentistry and Medicine of New Jersey, USA
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Nannipieri M, Lanfranchi A, Santerini D, Catalano C, Van de Werve G, Ferrannini E. Influence of long-term diabetes on renal glycogen metabolism in the rat. Nephron Clin Pract 2001; 87:50-7. [PMID: 11174026 DOI: 10.1159/000045884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The effects of acute insulin deficiency on the kidney have been investigated in animal models of experimental diabetes; however, the impact of long-term diabetes has not been determined. METHODS We measured renal glycogen contents in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rats 3 weeks (n = 12) or 9 months (n = 12) after the induction of diabetes, and in 2 groups of control rats of similar age (n = 16 and n = 12, respectively), in the fed state and after a 24-hour fast. RESULTS Diabetic rats had high glucose levels, low insulin but normal glucagon concentrations in portal blood. In the fasting state, kidney glycogen content was very low in both young control and young diabetic rats (54 +/- 15 and 189 +/- 26 microg/g, respectively, mean +/- SD); in contrast, glycogen levels were markedly elevated in rats with long-standing diabetes as compared to old nondiabetic animals (2,628 +/- 1,023 +/- and 1,968 +/- 989 microg/g of diabetic rat, fasting and fed, respectively, p < 0.001 vs. 0 +/- 0 and 4 +/- 6 microg/g of control rats). On electron microscopy, large glycogen clusters were localized to the renal tubules. Kidney phosphorylase activity was higher, and synthase activity lower in diabetic than control rats (p < 0.05 for both), whereas kidney glycogen was strongly related to plasma glucose levels, suggesting that the enzyme changes were secondary to glycogen accumulation itself. Renal hexosephosphates and fructose-2,6-bisphosphate contents were both increased in long-term diabetic rats (p < 0.05), implying enhanced fluxes through both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSION In chronic, untreated diabetes glycogen accumulates in the renal tubules; prolonged hyperglycemia is the sole driving force for this phenomenon.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/pathology
- Animals
- Body Weight
- Chronic Disease
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
- Glycogen/metabolism
- Kidney Glomerulus/metabolism
- Kidney Glomerulus/pathology
- Kidney Glomerulus/ultrastructure
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Distal/ultrastructure
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/metabolism
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/pathology
- Kidney Tubules, Proximal/ultrastructure
- Male
- Microscopy, Electron
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nannipieri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa School of Medicine, Via Savi 8, I-56100 Pisa, Italy
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Lanfranchi A, Verardi R, Tettoni K, Neva A, Mazzolari E, Pennacchio M, Pasic S, Ugazio AG, Albertini A, Porta F. Haploidentical peripheral blood and marrow stem cell transplantation in nine cases of primary immunodeficiency. Haematologica 2000; 85:41-6. [PMID: 11268323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is the treatment of choice in children affected by primary immunodeficiency (PID). Because only 10-15% of affected children have a familial HLA-identical donor alternative therapeutic options are BMT from a matched unrelated donor or an haploidentical BMT. In our experience only 40% of these children find a donor within the International Registry. Therefore, the remaining 50% children affected by PID are candidates for haploidentical BMT. Unfortunately, in PID other than sever-combined immunodeficiency (SCID), low engraftment rates have been reported because of minimal residual immunity. In order to enhance engraftment rate in haploidentical BMT in PID we suggest a protocol with addition of donor peripheral stem cells after mobilization with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) (16 micrograms/kg for 5 days) and bone marrow cells. This procedure increases the cell load, which allows intensification of the conditioning regimen for induction of faster engraftment. The separation of CD34+ cells from leukapheresis products was achieved in the first 6 patients by the Isolex 300 system (Baxter) with a CD34+ cell purity range of 80-95% and in another three patients by the Clinimacs System (Miltenyi). The peripheral blood stem cells were cryopreserved until BMT, 15 days after G-CSF stimulation when the bone marrow was harvested, processed and T-cell depleted with Campath 1-M in the first 6 cases while the Clinimacs System was used in the remaining cases and no T-cell depletion was required. We included 9 patients in the study protocol: SCID (4), Omenn's syndrome (3), LAD (1) and CID (1). The mean value of peripheral CD34+ cells infused was 13.42 x 10(6)/kg and the mean CD3+ cells number was 0.385 x 10(5)/kg; the mean value of BM CD34+ cells infused was 10.62 x 10(6)/kg and the mean CD3+ cell number was 2.39 x 10(5)/kg. The mean number of infused CFU was 8.1 x 10(5)/kg for PBSC and 3.59 x 10(5)/kg for BM. The 9 patients achieved more than 0.5 x 10(9) peripheral blood neutrophils/L at a mean of 14.6 days (range: 6-22 days). One patient affected by SCID showed complete chimerism, but he died after BMT of systemic CMV infection; the other 8 patients are alive and well and 4 of them show complete chimerism in all cell lines. Split chimerism was documented in 2 SCID cases (CD3+ lymphocytes were of donor origin, monocytes were autologous and granulocytes were mainly autologous); 1 patient affected by Omenn's syndrome received 3 transplants (1 from the mother and 2 from the father, T-cells alone and bone marrow) and achieved engraftment with complete chimerism after the third transplant; the patient affected by LAD also received 3 transplants (2 bone marrow infusions and 1 PBSC infusion) achieving complete chimerism after the third one. In conclusion, the engraftment achieved in all treated patients, and the acceptable conditioning-related toxicity suggest that this approach could be successfully applied to children affected by PID and candidates for haploidentical BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lanfranchi
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Brescia, Italy
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40
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Porta F, Lanfranchi A, Verardi R, Mazzolari E, Verzeri U, Tettoni K, Ugazio AG. [Prenatal and postnatal transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells in children with primary immunodeficiency]. Ann Ist Super Sanita 2000; 35:315-28. [PMID: 10645667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Primary immunodeficiencies are inherited diseases characterized by impaired immune responses. In case of severe impairment of immunity bone marrow transplantation is the only therapeutic option. The molecular defect is known for several primary immunodeficiencies allowing prenatal diagnosis. This paper summarizes the clinical experience treating these pathologies by bone marrow transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Porta
- Clinica Pediatrica, Università degli Studi, Brescia
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Lanfranchi A, Spaziani D, Seravalle G, Turri C, Dell'Oro R, Grassi G, Mancia G. Sympathetic control of circulation in hypertension and congestive heart failure. Blood Press Suppl 1999; 3:40-5. [PMID: 10321454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Adrenergic overactivity is a common hallmark of both essential hypertension and congestive heart failure. Indirect and direct measures of sympathetic function have clearly shown that sympathetic activation characterizes essential hypertension. This adrenergic overactivity appears to be related to the severity of the hypertensive state, being detectable in its early stages and showing a progressive increase with the severity of the disease. Essential hypertension is also associated with an impaired baroreflex control of vagal activity, whereas baroreceptor modulation of sympathetic nerve traffic remains unaltered, although undergoing a resetting phenomenon. In contrast, secondary hypertension is not associated with an increased adrenergic activity, thus suggesting that an enhancement in efferent sympathetic outflow is a peculiar feature of essential hypertension. Congestive heart failure is a condition also characterized by sympathetic activation, whose degree is proportional to the clinical severity of the disease. This is paralleled by an impairment in arterial baroreceptor modulation of both vagal and sympathetic activity, thus suggesting that the adrenergic overactivity in congestive heart failure is triggered by a reduced afferent restraint on the vasomotor centre. Chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reduces the degree of both sympathetic activation and baroreflex dysfunction occurring in heart failure patients, a finding which documents that the neurohumoral abnormalities can be at least partially reversed by pharmacologic treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lanfranchi
- Centro di Fisiologia Clinica e Ipertensione, IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore, Milano, Italy
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Mancia G, Lanfranchi A, Turri C, Grassi G. Can good surrogate end-points predict the prognosis of hypertensive patients? J Hypertens Suppl 1998; 16:S3-7. [PMID: 9868998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
SURROGATE END-POINTS FOR PROGNOSIS OF HYPERTENSION: The identification of surrogate measures of cardiovascular risk in patients with hypertension may allow clinicians to better estimate a patient's long-term prognosis and monitor the effects of antihypertensive therapy in reducing risk and thereby reducing the cardiovascular complications of hypertension. PROGNOSTIC LIMITATIONS OF OFFICE BLOOD PRESSURE: Previous studies have shown that office blood pressure may predict the incidence of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular complications of hypertension. However, evidence also suggests that the predictive value of office blood pressure is limited and that it does not provide accurate estimates of the changes in the cardiovascular risk profile that can occur with antihypertensive treatment. PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF 24-H AMBULATORY BLOOD PRESSURE: Cross-sectional studies have shown that 24-h average blood pressure values are more closely correlated with hypertensive target-organ damage [e.g. left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), retinopathy, increased serum creatinine, albuminuria, and microalbuminuria] than are office blood pressure values. Although longitudinal evidence of the clinical relevance of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring is limited, preliminary data from a recently completed trial, the Study on Ambulatory Pressure and Lisinopril Evaluation (SAMPLE), have clearly shown the superiority of 24-h blood pressure monitoring over office readings in predicting the regression of LVH in hypertensive patients following treatment to reduce blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Mancia
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università di Milano, Ospedale S Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Italy
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Grassi G, Cattaneo BM, Seravalle G, Lanfranchi A, Mancia G. Baroreflex control of sympathetic nerve activity in essential and secondary hypertension. Hypertension 1998; 31:68-72. [PMID: 9449393 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.31.1.68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 335] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Studies performed in experimental animals and in humans have documented that high blood pressure markedly impairs baroreceptor control of heart rate. Whether a similar impairment also characterizes baroreceptor control of sympathetic activity modulating peripheral vasomotor tone is still unknown. In 28 untreated essential hypertensive subjects [14 of moderate and 14 of more severe degree, age 51.6+/-2.4 and 52.6+/-2.1 years (mean+/-SEM)] and in 13 untreated secondary hypertensives (renovascular or pheochromocytoma, age 50.1+/-4.6 years), we measured beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure (finger photoplethysmographic device), heart rate (electrocardiogram), and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) at rest and during baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation induced by stepwise intravenous infusions of phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively. Data were compared with those obtained in 15 age-matched normotensive control subjects. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (bursts per 100 heart beats) showed a progressive and significant (P<.01) increase from normotension (40.3+/-3.3) to moderate (55.6+/-4.1) and more severe essential hypertension (68.2+/-4.1), paralleling the progressive increase in blood pressure values. In contrast, muscle sympathetic nerve activity was not increased in secondary hypertensives (40.5+/-6.7) despite blood pressure values similar to or even greater than those of severe essential hypertensives. In both essential and secondary hypertensives, baroreceptor-heart rate control was displaced toward elevated blood pressure values and markedly impaired compared with normotensive subjects (average reduction, 38.5%). In contrast, the sympathoinhibitory and sympathoexcitatory responses to baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation were displaced toward elevated blood pressure values but similar in all groups. Thus, sympathetic activation characterizes essential but not secondary hypertension. Regardless of its nature, however, hypertension is not accompanied by an impairment of baroreceptor modulation of sympathetic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Ospedale S.Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza, Università di Milano, Italy
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Grassi G, Cattaneo BM, Seravalle G, Lanfranchi A, Pozzi M, Morganti A, Carugo S, Mancia G. Effects of chronic ACE inhibition on sympathetic nerve traffic and baroreflex control of circulation in heart failure. Circulation 1997; 96:1173-9. [PMID: 9286946 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.96.4.1173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In congestive heart failure ACE inhibitors chronically reduce plasma norepinephrine. No information exists, however, on whether and to what extent this reduction reflects a true chronic inhibition of sympathetic outflow and which mechanisms may be responsible. METHODS AND RESULTS In 24 patients aged 60.3+/-2.0 years (mean+/-SEM) affected by congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class II) and treated with diuretics and digitalis, we measured mean arterial pressure (Finapres), plasma renin activity and angiotensin II levels (radioimmunoassay), plasma norepinephrine (high-performance liquid chromatography), and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography at a peroneal nerve) at rest and during baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation caused by stepwise intravenous infusions of phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively. In 12 patients measurements were repeated after a 2-month addition of the ACE inhibitor benazepril (10 mg/d P.O.), while in the remaining 12 patients they were performed again after 2 months without any treatment modifications. Benazepril did not alter mean arterial pressure, markedly increased plasma renin activity, reduced plasma angiotensin II, and caused a nonsignificant reduction in plasma norepinephrine. In contrast, muscle sympathetic nerve traffic was significantly reduced (-30.5+/-5.3%, P<.01). This reduction was accompanied by no change in the sympathoexcitatory responses to baroreceptor deactivation but by a marked enhancement of the sympathoinhibitory responses to baroreceptor stimulation (103.5+/-3.4%). CONCLUSIONS These results provide the first direct evidence that in congestive heart failure chronic ACE inhibitor treatment is accompanied by a marked reduction in central sympathetic outflow. This reduction may depend on a persistent restoration of baroreflex restraint on the sympathetic neural drive.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università di Milano, Italy
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Grassi G, Bolla G, Seravalle G, Turri C, Lanfranchi A, Mancia G. Comparison between reproducibility and sensitivity of muscle sympathetic nerve traffic and plasma noradrenaline in man. Clin Sci (Lond) 1997; 92:285-9. [PMID: 9093009 DOI: 10.1042/cs0920285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
1. Although plasma noradrenaline and muscle sympathetic nerve traffic have been shown to be suitable markers of sympathetic activity in man, no study has systematically compared the reproducibility and sensitivity of these two indices of adrenergic tone. 2. Reproducibility data were collected in 10 subjects, in whom plasma noradrenaline was assessed by HPLC on blood samples withdrawn from an antecubital vein and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity was measured by microneurography from a peroneal nerve, together with arterial blood pressure (Finapres technique). Measurements were obtained in a first session (session 1), 60 min later (session 2) and after 14 days (session 3). While muscle sympathetic nerve activity values recorded in the three different experimental sessions were closely and significantly correlated with each other (r always > 0.90, P < 0.001), noradrenaline showed a less significant correlation between sessions 1 and 2 (r = 0.71, P < 0.05) or no correlation between sessions 1 and 3 (r = 0.45, P not significant). 3. Sensitivity data were collected by evaluating muscle sympathetic nerve activity and noradrenaline values in three different age groups (young, middle-age and old subjects, n = 18), in three groups with different blood pressures (normotensive, mild and severe hypertensive subjects, n = 30) and in a group of eight subjects before and after a physical training programme, i.e. conditions known to increase or reduce sympathetic cardiovascular drive. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was significantly increased by aging and hypertension, and reduced by physical training. The noradrenaline changes were much less marked and consistent. 4. These data suggest that muscle sympathetic nerve activity has a greater short- and medium-term reproducibility than noradrenaline. In several conditions known to modify sympathetic cardiovascular drive muscle sympathetic nerve activity also appears to change more clearly than noradrenaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Ospedale S. Gerardo Monza, Università di Milano, Italy
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46
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Grassi G, Cattaneo BM, Seravalle G, Lanfranchi A, Bolla G, Mancia G. Baroreflex impairment by low sodium diet in mild or moderate essential hypertension. Hypertension 1997; 29:802-7. [PMID: 9052899 DOI: 10.1161/01.hyp.29.3.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Low sodium intake is the most widely used nonpharmacological approach to the treatment of hypertension. Although nonpharmacological treatment is by definition regarded as safe, the suggestion has been made that low sodium intake is not totally devoid of inconveniences, and animal data have shown it to be accompanied by an impairment of reflex blood pressure control and homeostasis. However, no data exist on this issue in humans. In mild essential hypertensive patients (age, 34.1+/-3.3 years [mean+/-SEM]), we measured beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure (finger photoplethysmographic device), heart rate (electrocardiogram), and efferent postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (microneurography) at rest and during baroreceptor stimulation and deactivation, induced by stepwise intravenous infusions of phenylephrine and nitroprusside, respectively. Measurements were performed at the end of three dietary periods, ie, after 8 days of regular sodium intake (210 mmol NaCl/d), low sodium intake (20 mmol NaCl/d) with unchanged potassium intake, and again regular sodium intake. Compared with the initial regular sodium diet, low sodium intake reduced urinary sodium excretion, whereas urinary potassium excretion was unchanged. Systolic blood pressure was significantly (P<.05), although slightly, reduced, whereas diastolic blood pressure was unaffected. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity was increased by 23.1+/-5.2% (P<.05). The increase was accompanied by a clear-cut impairment of the baroreceptor ability to modulate muscle sympathetic nerve activity, ie, by a 43.9+/-5.7% (P<.01) reduction in the sensitivity of the baroreceptor-muscle sympathetic nerve activity reflex compared with the control condition. Baroreceptor modulation of heart rate was also impaired, although to a smaller and less consistent extent. When regular sodium intake was restored, all the above-mentioned parameters and baroreflex responses returned to the values observed at the initial regular sodium diet. These data raise evidence that in humans sodium restriction may impair the arterial baroreflex. This may be responsible for the sympathetic activation occurring in this condition and for the impairment of blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Universita di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Wengler GS, Lanfranchi A, Frusca T, Verardi R, Neva A, Brugnoni D, Giliani S, Fiorini M, Mella P, Guandalini F, Mazzolari E, Pecorelli S, Notarangelo LD, Porta F, Ugazio AG. In-utero transplantation of parental CD34 haematopoietic progenitor cells in a patient with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCIDXI). Lancet 1996; 348:1484-7. [PMID: 8942778 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(96)09392-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCIDXI) is an inherited immune defect which leads to death in infancy from severe infections. The defect is caused by mutations of the IL-2RG gene that encodes for the common gamma chain shared by several cytokine receptors. The disease is characterised by lack of T and NK cells with normal numbers of B cells. SCIDXI can be cured by bone marrow transplantation (BMT) or prevented by abortion after prenatal diagnosis. METHODS A male fetus was diagnosed as having SCIDXI by molecular, immunophenotypic, and functional analyses. The fetus was injected intraperitoneally under ultrasound guidance with CD34 haematopoietic progenitor cells purified from paternal bone marrow and T-cell depleted by E rosetting. Chimerism analysis was by HLA-DQ alpha typing and gamma-chain staining on cord blood. FINDINGS A healthy 3.6 kg boy was delivered by caesarean section at 38 weeks of gestation with no clinical or laboratory signs of graft-versus-host disease. Engraftment of donor-derived CD2 cells was found at birth. At 3.5 months of age the infant is well and his T-cell counts and function are normal. INTERPRETATION In-utero transplantation of haematopoietic progenitor cells allowed immune reconstitution of a fetus with SCIDXI and may be an alternative to elective abortion. Our report should encourage applications of this method to other inherited disorders curable by BMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Wengler
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Brescia, Italy
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Porta F, Mazzolari E, Lanfranchi A, Pennacchio M, Fischer A. Immunological reconstitution after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 1996; 18 Suppl 2:148-50. [PMID: 8932818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- F Porta
- Clinica Pediatrica, Università di Brescia, Italy
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Grassi G, Seravalle G, Cattaneo BM, Lanfranchi A, Vailati S, Giannattasio C, Del Bo A, Sala C, Bolla GB, Pozzi M. Sympathetic activation and loss of reflex sympathetic control in mild congestive heart failure. Circulation 1995; 92:3206-11. [PMID: 7586305 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.92.11.3206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 301] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Baroreflex control of sympathetic activity is impaired in severe congestive heart failure (CHF), probably causing the marked sympathetic activation typical of this condition. Little information exists, however, as to whether baroreflex impairment and related sympathetic activation also occur in mild CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 19 patients (age, 57.5 +/- 2.2 years, mean +/- SEM) with CHF in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV and with a marked reduction in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, 30.1 +/- 1.5% from echocardiography) and 17 age-matched patients with CHF in NYHA class I or II and with an only slightly reduced LVEF (44.9 +/- 3.3%) that never was < 40%. Seventeen age-matched healthy subjects served as control subjects. Primary measurements included beat-to-beat arterial blood pressure (with the Finapres technique), heart rate (from ECG), and postganglionic muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, from microneurography at the peroneal nerve). Measurements were performed at baseline and during baroreceptor stimulation (intravenous phenylephrine infusion), baroreceptor deactivation (intravenous nitroprusside infusion), and cold-pressor test. Baseline blood pressure was similar in the three groups, whereas heart rate was progressively greater from control subjects to patients with mild and severe CHF, MSNA (bursts per 100 heart beats) increased significantly and markedly from control subjects to patients with mild and severe CHF (47.1 +/- 2.9 versus 64.4 +/- 6.2 and 82.1 +/- 3.4, P < .05 and P < .01, respectively). Heart rate and MSNA were progressively reduced by phenylephrine infusion and progressively increased by nitroprusside infusion. Compared with control subjects, the responses were strikingly impaired in severe CHF patients, but a marked impairment also was seen in mild CHF patients. On average, baroreflex sensitivity in mild CHF patients was reduced by 59.1 +/- 5.5% (MSNA) and 64.8 +/- 4.8% (heart rate). In contrast, reflex responses to the cold-pressor test were similar in the three groups. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that in mild CHF patients the baroreceptor inhibitor influence on heart rate and MSNA is already markedly impaired. This impairment may be responsible for the early sympathetic activation that occurs in the course of CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Grassi
- Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Ospedale S. Gerardo, Monza, Milano, Italy
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Lanfranchi A, Molinari D. [Are "behaviorally disordered" migrant children of "noncompliant" parents treatable? Interdisciplinary cooperation between system-oriented school psychology and psychoanalytically oriented therapy]. Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr 1995; 44:260-70. [PMID: 8559745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This case presentation describes the cooperation between experts of different basic training and theoretical provenance. A system oriented school psychologist takes on the 'case' of a massively behaviourally abnormal, aggressive, and marginalized girl of working migrants from the lower stratum, prepares the way for psychotherapy and transfers the treatment to a psychoanalyst. In this case the role of the school psychologist consists of receiving a crisis situation which is slipping out of hand and redefining the problems with all parties involved. By expanding the perspective to the context of school-family-immigration society contradictions and breaks become evident. The culture shock of the first migration phase was reinacted by the parents in the difficult confrontation with the Swiss institutions. In contrast to psychosocial sees the contradictions as being logical-congruent and tries to build bridges and activate change. The transformation of rigid reality constructs is furthered and psychotherapeutic treatment is mediated, explained and accompanied during the process. The role of the psychoanalyst consists of taking up the relationship to the girl and establishing a serviceable working relationship with the parents. She has to recognize the girl's inner and unconscious conflicts which are actualized in transference and countertransference in the therapeutic process. After empathetic interpretative work she offers new forms of dealing with conflicts which take the girl's outer reality (family, school, migrant situation, cultural reality) into consideration. Accompanying the parents intensively at the same time broadens their competence in raising their daughter. In this case the neurotic developmental disorder is strongly connected with the migration problem.
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