1
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Accuracy of Large Language Models in Answering ESUR Guidelines on Contrast Media-Related Questions: Reply to Güneş et al. Acad Radiol 2024:S1076-6332(24)00244-7. [PMID: 38714431 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
|
2
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Ethical Considerations and Challenges in Leveraging Social Media for Radiology Outreach. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:2189. [PMID: 38431485 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
|
3
|
Verma Y, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Advances in Tumor Management: Harnessing the Potential of Histotripsy. Radiol Imaging Cancer 2024; 6:e230159. [PMID: 38639585 DOI: 10.1148/rycan.230159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Tissue ablation techniques have long been used in clinical settings to treat various oncologic diseases. However, many of these techniques are invasive and can cause substantial adverse effects. Histotripsy is a noninvasive, nonionizing, nonthermal tissue ablation technique that has the potential to replace surgical interventions in various clinical settings. Histotripsy works by delivering high-intensity focused ultrasound waves to target tissue. These waves create cavitation bubbles within tissues that rapidly expand and collapse, thereby mechanically fractionating the tissue into acellular debris that is subsequently absorbed by the body's immune system. Preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of histotripsy in treating a range of diseases, including liver, pancreatic, renal, and prostate tumors. Safety outcomes of histotripsy have been generally favorable, with minimal adverse effects reported. However, further studies are needed to optimize the technique and understand its long-term effects. This review aims to discuss the importance of histotripsy as a noninvasive tissue ablation technique, the preclinical and clinical literature on histotripsy and its safety, and the potential applications of histotripsy in clinical practice. Keywords: Tumor Microenvironment, Ultrasound-High-Intensity Focused (HIFU), Ablation Techniques, Abdomen/GI, Genital/Reproductive, Nonthermal Tissue Ablation, Histotripsy, Clinical Trials, Preclinical Applications, Focused Ultrasound © RSNA, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- From the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Ln, Norwich NR4 7UY, England (Y.V.); and Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20072 Milan, Italy (A.S.P.M.A.)
| | - Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige
- From the Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Ln, Norwich NR4 7UY, England (Y.V.); and Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20072 Milan, Italy (A.S.P.M.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Performance of spectral Doppler in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis in patients with an equivocal Alvarado score. Emerg Radiol 2024; 31:291-292. [PMID: 38519742 DOI: 10.1007/s10140-024-02219-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
|
5
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Re-evaluating the role of urinary tract ultrasound in hypospadias patients: reply to Tyraskis et al. Pediatr Radiol 2024; 54:660. [PMID: 38383766 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-024-05887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
|
6
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Future Potential Challenges of Using Large Language Models Like ChatGPT in Daily Medical Practice: Let Us Address Them and See the Bright Side. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00297-7. [PMID: 38527645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
|
7
|
Verma Y, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Revolutionizing brain interventions: the multifaceted potential of histotripsy. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:124. [PMID: 38509320 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Histotripsy, a non-thermal ultrasound technique, holds significant promise in various applications within the realm of brain interventions. While its use for treating brain tumors is somewhat limited, focused ultrasound technology has been extensively investigated for a wide range of purposes within the brain, including disrupting the blood-brain barrier, supporting immunotherapy, addressing conditions like essential tremor, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and neuropathic pain. Research findings indicate that histotripsy can reduce tumor cells with fewer pulses, minimizing the risk of bleeding and cellular injury. The use of MRI sequences such as T2 and T2* enhances the evaluation of the effects of histotripsy treatment, facilitating non-invasive assessment of treated areas. Furthermore, histotripsy displays promise in creating precise brain lesions with minimal edema and inflammation, particularly in porcine models, suggesting considerable progress in the treatment of brain lesions. Moreover, studies confirm its feasibility, safety, and effectiveness in treating intracerebral hemorrhage by safely liquefying clots without causing significant harm to surrounding brain tissue., opening exciting possibilities for clinical applications. The development of transcranial MR-guided focused ultrasound systems based on histotripsy represents a significant breakthrough in overcoming the limitations associated with thermal ablation techniques. Histotripsy's ability to efficiently liquefy clots, minimize skull heating, and target shallow lesions near the skull establishes it as a promising alternative for various brain treatments. In conclusion, histotripsy offers diverse potential in the field of brain interventions, encompassing applications ranging from tumor treatment to the management of intracerebral hemorrhage. While challenges such as accurate monitoring and differentiation of treatment effects persist, ongoing research efforts and technological advancements continue to expand the role of histotripsy in both neurology and neurosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Performance of dual-energy CT with iodine quantification in differentiating for benign versus malignant lymph nodes in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Jpn J Radiol 2024:10.1007/s11604-024-01555-x. [PMID: 38503999 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-024-01555-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
|
9
|
Verma Y, Ramesh S, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. 7 T Versus 3 T in the Diagnosis of Small Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms: Reply to Radojewski et al. Clin Neuroradiol 2024; 34:51-52. [PMID: 37318559 DOI: 10.1007/s00062-023-01321-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy
| | - Sairam Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Translating musculoskeletal radiology reports into patient-friendly summaries using ChatGPT-4: additional considerations. Skeletal Radiol 2024:10.1007/s00256-024-04633-3. [PMID: 38421402 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-024-04633-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
|
11
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Erratum for: MRI versus CT in Detecting Pulmonary Nodules. Radiology 2024; 310:e249006. [PMID: 38411526 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.249006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
|
12
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Can We Use Large Language Models to Guide the Use of Contrast Media in Radiology? Reply to Kaba et al. Acad Radiol 2024; 31:753. [PMID: 38218648 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.12.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
|
13
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Erratum for: Coronary Calcium Association with All-Cause Mortality in Suspected Acute Aortic Syndrome. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2024; 6:e249002. [PMID: 38300116 PMCID: PMC10912877 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.249002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
|
14
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Additional Considerations in the Era of Large Language Models in Health Care. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00125-X. [PMID: 38302044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
|
15
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. The Need to Consider Factors Beyond H-Index Alone. J Am Coll Radiol 2024:S1546-1440(24)00121-2. [PMID: 38302035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
|
16
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega AC, Catapano F, Politi LS, Hoff MN. From strength to precision: A systematic review exploring the clinical utility of 7-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging in abdominal imaging. World J Radiol 2024; 16:20-31. [PMID: 38312348 PMCID: PMC10835428 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v16.i1.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND After approval for clinical use in 2017 early investigations of ultra-high-field abdominal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have demonstrated the feasibility as well as diagnostic capabilities of liver, kidney, and prostate MRI at 7-Tesla. However, the elevation of the field strength to 7-Tesla not only brought advantages to abdominal MRI but also presented considerable challenges and drawbacks, primarily stemming from heightened artifacts and limitations in Specific Absorption Rate, etc. Furthermore, evidence in the literature is relatively scarce concerning human studies in comparison to phantom/animal studies which necessitates an investigation into the evidence so far in humans and summarizing all relevant evidence. AIM To offer a comprehensive overview of current literature on clinical abdominal 7T MRI that emphasizes current trends, details relevant challenges, and provides a concise set of potential solutions. METHODS This systematic review adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A PubMed search, utilizing Medical Subject Headings terms such as "7-Tesla" and organ-specific terms, was conducted for articles published between January 1, 1985, and July 25, 2023. Eligibility criteria included studies exploring 7T MRI for imaging human abdominal organs, encompassing various study types (in-vivo/ex-vivo, method development, reviews/meta-analyses). Exclusion criteria involved animal studies and those lacking extractable data. Study selection involved initial identification via title/abstract, followed by a full-text review by two researchers, with discrepancies resolved through discussion. Data extraction covered publication details, study design, population, sample size, 7T MRI protocol, image characteristics, endpoints, and conclusions. RESULTS The systematic review included a total of 21 studies. The distribution of clinical 7T abdominal imaging studies revealed a predominant focus on the prostate (n = 8), followed by the kidney (n = 6) and the hepatobiliary system (n = 5). Studies on these organs, and in the pancreas, demonstrated clear advantages at 7T. However, small bowel studies showed no significant improvements compared to traditional MRI at 1.5T. The majority of studies evaluated originated from Germany (n = 10), followed by the Netherlands (n = 5), the United States (n = 5), Austria (n = 2), the United Kingdom (n = 1), and Italy (n = 1). CONCLUSION Further increase of abdominal clinical MRI field strength to 7T demonstrated high imaging potential, yet also limitations mainly due to the inhomogeneous radiofrequency (RF) excitation field relative to lower field strengths. Hence, further optimization of dedicated RF coil elements and pulse sequences are expected to better optimize clinical imaging at high magnetic field strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Federica Catapano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele 20072, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Letterio S Politi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele 20072, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano 20089, Milan, Italy
| | - Michael N Hoff
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Verma Y, Arachchige ASPM. Revolutionizing cardiovascular care: the power of histotripsy. J Ultrasound 2024:10.1007/s40477-023-00848-7. [PMID: 38217765 DOI: 10.1007/s40477-023-00848-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Histotripsy, an innovative ultrasonic technique, is poised to transform the landscape of cardiovascular disease management. This review explores the multifaceted applications of histotripsy across various domains of cardiovascular medicine. In thrombolysis, histotripsy presents a non-invasive, drug-free, and precise method for recanalizing blood vessels obstructed by clots, minimizing the risk of vessel damage and embolism. Additionally, histotripsy showcases its potential in congenital heart defect management, offering a promising alternative to invasive procedures by creating intracardiac communications noninvasively. For patients with calcified aortic stenosis, histotripsy demonstrates its effectiveness in softening calcified bioprosthetic valves, potentially revolutionizing valve interventions. In the realm of arrhythmias, histotripsy could play an important role in scar-based ventricular tachycardia ablation, eliminating channel-like isthmuses of slowly conducting myocardium. Histotripsy`s potential applications also extend to structural heart interventions, enabling the safe sectioning of basal chordae and potentially addressing mitral regurgitation. Furthermore, it showcases its versatility by safely generating ventricular septal defects, providing a non-invasive means of creating intracardiac communications in neonates with congenital heart disease. Yet, most supporting studies are in-vitro or animal studies and there are possible challenges in translating experimental data on cardiac histotripsy to the clinical level. As histotripsy continues to evolve and mature, its remarkable potential in cardiovascular disease management holds promise for improving patient outcomes and reducing the burden of invasive procedures in the field of cardiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Verma Y. State of the art in the diagnostic evaluation of osteomyelitis: exploring the role of advanced MRI sequences-a narrative review. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024; 14:1070-1085. [PMID: 38223108 PMCID: PMC10784094 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objective Osteomyelitis, a severe bone infection caused mainly by pyogenic organisms, poses diagnostic challenges due to its non-specific magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) manifestations. Conventional MRI, though the imaging modality of choice, often exhibits signal abnormalities with overlapping differential diagnoses, potentially leading to overestimation of infection extent and duration. To address these limitations, advanced MRI sequences, including dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI, 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), and Dixon techniques have emerged as promising alternatives. This narrative review explores the potential role of these sequences in aiding the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Methods We used the PubMed database to search for relevant articles using the MeSH keywords: (osteomyelitis) AND (advanced MRI sequences) and we manually selected the most suitable studies to include in our review. Articles outside of original studies were also included. Only records in English or French were considered. Key Content and Findings In particular, DWI is useful for characterizing fluid collections, distinguishing bone infarcts, and bacterial skull base osteomyelitis from neoplastic lesions. Moreover, DWI assists in differentiating diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) from Charcot neuro-osteoarthropathy, facilitates the diagnosis of pediatric acute osteoarticular infections, and aids in distinguishing osteomyelitis from Modic I degenerative changes. Additionally, DWI proves valuable in monitoring spinal infections and distinguishing pedal osteomyelitis from other conditions, even in patients with renal impairment. DCE-MRI enhances MRI specificity by assessing contrast uptake over time, providing valuable insights into inflammatory microenvironments. It aids in detecting DFO, differentiating it from acute Charcot arthropathy, and distinguishing osteomyelitis from neuropathic arthropathy. Moreover, DCE-MRI shows potential in assessing response to antibiotic therapy in spinal infections. Dixon acquisition improves image quality and facilitates the detection of bone marrow abnormalities, aiding in the differentiation of diabetic foot from osteomyelitis. It also assists in distinguishing osteomyelitis from neuropathic arthropathy and provides valuable information in evaluating the diabetic foot. Proton MR spectroscopy, a well-established modality, offers metabolic information that can differentiate malignant from benign lesions. Conclusions The role of advanced MRI techniques in evaluating osteomyelitis remains to be fully defined, and further research is required to explore its potential utility in this context. In conclusion, the incorporation of advanced MRI sequences has shown promise in improving the differential diagnosis of osteomyelitis. Future investigations exploring combinations of these techniques and their clinical applications hold significant potential to enhance diagnostic accuracy and patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yash Verma
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Assessing dedicated breast PET performance in breast cancer screening alongside digital mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis, and ultrasound: a reader's insight. Ann Nucl Med 2024; 38:81-82. [PMID: 37943380 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01882-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
|
20
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Garner AK. Seven Tesla MRI in Alzheimer's disease research: State of the art and future directions: A narrative review. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:401-422. [PMID: 38188012 PMCID: PMC10767068 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Seven tesla magnetic resonance imaging (7T MRI) is known to offer a superior spatial resolution and a signal-to-noise ratio relative to any other non-invasive imaging technique and provides the possibility for neuroimaging researchers to observe disease-related structural changes, which were previously only apparent on post-mortem tissue analyses. Alzheimer's disease is a natural and widely used subject for this technology since the 7T MRI allows for the anticipation of disease progression, the evaluation of secondary prevention measures thought to modify the disease trajectory, and the identification of surrogate markers for treatment outcome. In this editorial, we discuss the various neuroimaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease that have been studied using 7T MRI, which include morphological alterations, molecular characterization of cerebral T2*-weighted hypointensities, the evaluation of cerebral microbleeds and microinfarcts, biochemical changes studied with MR spectroscopy, as well as some other approaches. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the 7T MRI regarding imaging Alzheimer's disease and we provide our outlook for the future.
Collapse
|
21
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Leveraging the Power of Social Media for Radiology Education: Navigating Opportunities and Challenges. J Am Coll Radiol 2023:S1546-1440(23)01011-6. [PMID: 38052352 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
|
22
|
Stomeo N, Ghio FE, Pallavicini P, Bonizzato S, Serini C, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Carenzo L. Role of emergency teleradiology in a mass motorcycle event: the experience of the 2021 International Six Days of Enduro (ISDE). Emerg Radiol 2023; 30:725-731. [PMID: 37946090 DOI: 10.1007/s10140-023-02183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Provision of healthcare support at mass gathering sporting events is of paramount importance for the success of the event. Many of such events, like motorsports, have been increasingly taking place in remote and austere environments. In these settings, the use of first-line diagnostic tools, such as point of care ultrasound and portable X-ray, could aid in definitive care on the field for patients with minor trauma while also ensuring fast access to the appropriate level of care for patients requiring hospitalization. METHODS As part of the ISDE 2021 medical response plan, a field hospital equipped with portable digital X-ray and telemedicine was established. Data on patient admission, triage, treatments, diagnostics, and outcomes were collected for analysis. RESULTS During the 6-day competition, 79 patients sought medical care at the field hospital, with traumatic injuries accounting for 77% of cases. Of these, 47 were athletes and 32 were non-athletes. The majority (91%) arrived spontaneously, while 9% were transported directly. Upon admission, 68 patients were triaged as non-urgent (code 3) and 11 as urgent (code 2). Of those admitted, 69 received treatment and were discharged at the field hospital, while 10 were transferred elsewhere. Notably, four patients had major trauma, two had isolated fractures, and one needed a CT scan after losing consciousness. Overall, 29 missions were conducted on the race field, including 13 primary transports to local hospitals and 6 to the field hospital. Primary transport was primarily due to major trauma. Among 31 patients who had radiological exams, 11 (35.5%) had traumatic injuries. Of these, 5 were treated with braces and casts and discharged without hospitalization, 3 were advised for post-event care, and 3 were hospitalized. In contrast, patients with negative X-rays received on-site treatment, with 7 able to continue competing. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the successful implementation of portable X-ray machines and teleradiology at remote and austere high-risk sporting events holds great promise for enhancing on-site medical capabilities, allowing clinicians informed decisions, avoiding unnecessary hospitalization, and allowing athletes to continue with their competition. Provided that challenges related to cost, safety, connectivity, and power supply are effectively addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niccolò Stomeo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.
| | | | - Paolo Pallavicini
- Faculty of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Bonizzato
- Critical Care Team, I-HELP, Grezzago, Italy
- Sport Medicine and Sport Cardiology Unit, MEDITEL, Saronno, Italy
| | - Carlo Serini
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Luca Carenzo
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Letter to the Editor: Radiology in the era of large language models: additional facts to consider in the near and the dark side of the moon. Eur Radiol 2023; 33:9458-9459. [PMID: 37930409 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-023-10330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
|
24
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Stomeo N. Controversies surrounding AI-based reporting systems in echocardiography. J Echocardiogr 2023; 21:184-185. [PMID: 37594682 DOI: 10.1007/s12574-023-00620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, MI, Italy.
- Department of Radiology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni, 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy.
| | - Niccolò Stomeo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Alessandro Manzoni, 56, 20089, Rozzano, MI, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Stomeo N. Well-Being and Burnout Amongst Interventional Radiologists in the UK. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2023; 46:1758. [PMID: 37861696 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-023-03575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Niccolò Stomeo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Re: Potential Applications and Impact of ChatGPT in Radiology. Acad Radiol 2023:S1076-6332(23)00601-3. [PMID: 37973516 DOI: 10.1016/j.acra.2023.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
|
27
|
Arachchige ASPM. The blue brain project: pioneering the frontier of brain simulation. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:315-318. [PMID: 38188007 PMCID: PMC10767063 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
|
28
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Vitamin K Antagonists and Intracranial Hemorrhage After Endovascular Thrombectomy. JAMA 2023; 330:1490. [PMID: 37847280 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2023.15434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
|
29
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Stomeo N. Exploring the Opportunities and Challenges of ChatGPT in Academic Writing: Reply to Bom et al. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 57:213-214. [PMID: 37720884 PMCID: PMC10504185 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-023-00816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Niccolò Stomeo
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. New Horizons: The Potential Role of OpenAI's ChatGPT in Clinical Radiology. J Am Coll Radiol 2023; 20:943. [PMID: 37517771 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacr.2023.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
|
31
|
Arachchige ASPM, Verma Y. Revolutionizing stress-related disorder regulation through neuroinformatics and data analysis: An editorial. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:252-254. [PMID: 37841345 PMCID: PMC10567583 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
|
32
|
Ramesh S, Arachchige ASPM. Depletion of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and relevant therapeutic options: A review of the literature. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:200-231. [PMID: 37841347 PMCID: PMC10567584 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and cognition functions. The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains largely unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. The neurotransmitter dopamine is implicated in regulating movement, motivation, memory, and other physiological processes. In individuals with Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to a reduction in dopamine levels, which causes motor impairment and may also contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in some patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the pathophysiology that leads to the loss of dopaminergic neurons, along with reliable biomarkers that may help distinguish PD from other conditions, monitor its progression, or indicate a positive response to a therapeutic intervention. Important advances in the treatment, etiology, and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease have been made in the past 50 years. Therefore, this review tries to explain the different possible mechanisms behind the depletion of dopamine in PD patients such as alpha-synuclein abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) toxicity, along with the current therapies we have and the ones that are in development. The clinical aspect of Parkinson's disease such as the manifestation of both motor and non-motor symptoms, and the differential diagnosis with similar neurodegenerative disease are also discussed.
Collapse
|
33
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Coronary Calcium Association with All-Cause Mortality in Suspected Acute Aortic Syndrome. Radiol Cardiothorac Imaging 2023; 5:e230171. [PMID: 37693200 PMCID: PMC10483247 DOI: 10.1148/ryct.230171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arosh S. Perera Molligoda Arachchige
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita
Levi Montalcini, Pieve Emanuele, Milan 20090, Italy
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan,
Italy
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Verma Y, Ramesh S. CTPA versus TTE in identification of right ventricular strain in PERT patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Emerg Radiol 2023; 30:563-564. [PMID: 37209316 DOI: 10.1007/s10140-023-02144-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yash Verma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Department of Radiology, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Milan, Italy
| | - Sairam Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Verma Y, Ramesh S, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Diagnostic yield and safety of US‑guided percutaneous testicular biopsies in children: reply to Minhas et al. Pediatr Radiol 2023; 53:1969-1970. [PMID: 37160456 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-023-05685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yash Verma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sairam Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini, 4, 20072, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ramesh S, Verma Y, Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Early vs. late percutaneous catheter drainage of acute necrotic collections in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:2759. [PMID: 37169989 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03950-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sairam Ramesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Yash Verma
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Controversial Perspectives on the Use of Twitter in Radiology Education. Can Assoc Radiol J 2023:8465371231190019. [PMID: 37449915 DOI: 10.1177/08465371231190019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
|
38
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Large language models (LLM) and ChatGPT: a medical student perspective. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2023; 50:2248-2249. [PMID: 37046082 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06227-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
|
39
|
Arachchige ASPM. Early applications of ChatGPT in medical practice, education and research. Clin Med (Lond) 2023; 23:429-430. [PMID: 38614664 PMCID: PMC10541035 DOI: 10.7861/clinmed.let.23.4.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
|
40
|
Arachchige ASPM. Marijuana's potential in neurodegenerative diseases: an editorial. AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:175-177. [PMID: 37426772 PMCID: PMC10323256 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
|
41
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Overcoming challenges associated with 18F-DCFPyL PET imaging in prostate cancer. Can J Urol 2023; 30:11463-11464. [PMID: 37074743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
|
42
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. Prognostic value of preoperative CT features for disease-free survival in patients with primary GISTs after resection. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2023; 48:1840. [PMID: 36737524 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-03817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
43
|
Arachchige ASPM. Transitioning from PET/MR to trimodal neuroimaging: why not cover the temporal dimension with EEG? AIMS Neurosci 2023; 10:1-4. [PMID: 37077957 PMCID: PMC10106333 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2023001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
<abstract>
<p>The possibility of multimodality imaging with PET/MR and the availability of ultra-high field MRI has allowed to investigate novel aspects of neuropsychiatric conditions. One of the major barriers in current studies is the lack of an instrument that allows to accurately cover the temporal aspect under the same physiological conditions. The aim of this commentary is to provide our perspective on how the integration of EEG-PET-MR could be a solution to the current challenge in molecular imaging and seems to hold great promise in future pharmacological challenging-based studies, understanding different functional states of the brain, and could furthermore aid in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of neurocognitive disorders.</p>
</abstract>
Collapse
|
44
|
|
45
|
|
46
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. MRI versus CT in Detecting Pulmonary Nodules. Radiology 2022; 304:E51. [PMID: 35727153 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.213078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
|
47
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS. NK cell-based therapies for HIV infection: Investigating current advances and future possibilities. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 111:921-931. [PMID: 34668588 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.5ru0821-412rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells are well-known for their antiviral functions. Also, their role in HIV has been well established, with rapid responses elicited during early HIV infection. Most immune cells including CD4+ T cells, monocytes, Mϕs, and dendritic cells are readily infected by HIV. Recent evidence from multiple studies has suggested that similar to these cells, in chronic conditions like HIV, NK cells also undergo functional exhaustion with impaired cytotoxicity, altered cytokine production, and impaired ADCC. NK-based immunotherapy aims to successfully restore, boost, and modify their activity as has been already demonstrated in the field of cancer immunotherapy. The utilization of NK cell-based strategies for the eradication of HIV from the body provides many advantages over classical ART. The literature search consisted of manually selecting the most relevant studies from databases including PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrial.gov. Some of the treatments currently under consideration are CAR-NK cell therapy, facilitating ADCC, TLR agonists, bNAbs, and BiKEs/TriKEs, blocking inhibitory NK receptors during infection, IL-15 and IL-15 superagonists (eg: ALT-803), and so on. This review aims to discuss the NK cell-based therapies currently under experimentation against HIV infection and finally highlight the challenges associated with NK cell-based immunotherapies.
Collapse
|
48
|
|
49
|
Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS, Svet A. Integrating artificial intelligence into radiology practice: undergraduate students' perspective. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:4133-4135. [PMID: 34505175 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Afanasy Svet
- Faculty of Microengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Arachchige ASPM. Collagen proteins are found also within the neural parenchyma in the healthy CNS. AIMS Neurosci 2021; 8:355-356. [PMID: 34183986 PMCID: PMC8222768 DOI: 10.3934/neuroscience.2021019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
|