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Bezawork-Geleta A, Dimou J, Watt MJ. Lipid droplets and ferroptosis as new players in brain cancer glioblastoma progression and therapeutic resistance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1085034. [PMID: 36591531 PMCID: PMC9797845 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1085034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A primary brain tumor glioblastoma is the most lethal of all cancers and remains an extremely challenging disease. Apparent oncogenic signaling in glioblastoma is genetically complex and raised at any stage of the disease's progression. Many clinical trials have shown that anticancer drugs for any specific oncogene aberrantly expressed in glioblastoma show very limited activity. Recent discoveries have highlighted that alterations in tumor metabolism also contribute to disease progression and resistance to current therapeutics for glioblastoma, implicating an alternative avenue to improve outcomes in glioblastoma patients. The roles of glucose, glutamine and tryptophan metabolism in glioblastoma pathogenesis have previously been described. This article provides an overview of the metabolic network and regulatory changes associated with lipid droplets that suppress ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered type of nonapoptotic programmed cell death induced by excessive lipid peroxidation. Although few studies have focused on potential correlations between tumor progression and lipid droplet abundance, there has recently been increasing interest in identifying key players in lipid droplet biology that suppress ferroptosis and whether these dependencies can be effectively exploited in cancer treatment. This article discusses how lipid droplet metabolism, including lipid synthesis, storage, and use modulates ferroptosis sensitivity or tolerance in different cancer models, focusing on glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayenachew Bezawork-Geleta
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia,*Correspondence: Ayenachew Bezawork-Geleta,
| | - James Dimou
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Neurosurgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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2
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Montgomery MK, Bayliss J, Devereux C, Bezawork-Geleta A, Roberts D, Huang C, Schittenhelm RB, Ryan A, Townley SL, Selth LA, Biden TJ, Steinberg GR, Samocha-Bonet D, Meex RCR, Watt MJ. SMOC1 is a glucose-responsive hepatokine and therapeutic target for glycemic control. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:12/559/eaaz8048. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz8048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Intertissue communication is a fundamental feature of metabolic regulation, and the liver is central to this process. We have identified sparc-related modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) as a glucose-responsive hepatokine and regulator of glucose homeostasis. Acute intraperitoneal administration of SMOC1 improved glycemic control and insulin sensitivity in mice without changes in insulin secretion. SMOC1 exerted its favorable glycemic effects by inhibiting adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)–cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA)–cAMP response element–binding protein (CREB) signaling in the liver, leading to decreased gluconeogenic gene expression and suppression of hepatic glucose output. Overexpression of SMOC1 in the liver or once-weekly intraperitoneal injections of a stabilized SMOC1-FC fusion protein induced durable improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity indb/dbmice, without adverse effects on adiposity, liver histopathology, or inflammation. Furthermore, circulating SMOC1 correlated with hepatic and systemic insulin sensitivity and was decreased in obese, insulin-resistant humans. Together, these findings identify SMOC1 as a potential pharmacological target for the management of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jacqueline Bayliss
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Camille Devereux
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - David Roberts
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ralf B. Schittenhelm
- Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew Ryan
- TissuPath, Mount Waverley, VIC 3149, Australia
| | - Scott L. Townley
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Luke A. Selth
- Dame Roma Mitchell Cancer Research Laboratories and Freemasons Foundation Centre for Men’s Health, Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Flinders Centre for Innovation in Cancer and Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia
| | - Trevor J. Biden
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Gregory R. Steinberg
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, the Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences and the Centre for Metabolism, Obesity and Diabetes Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Dorit Samocha-Bonet
- Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ruth C. R. Meex
- Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht 6229, Netherlands
| | - Matthew J. Watt
- Department of Physiology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
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3
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Bajzikova M, Kovarova J, Coelho AR, Boukalova S, Oh S, Rohlenova K, Svec D, Hubackova S, Endaya B, Judasova K, Bezawork-Geleta A, Kluckova K, Chatre L, Zobalova R, Novakova A, Vanova K, Ezrova Z, Maghzal GJ, Magalhaes Novais S, Olsinova M, Krobova L, An YJ, Davidova E, Nahacka Z, Sobol M, Cunha-Oliveira T, Sandoval-Acuña C, Strnad H, Zhang T, Huynh T, Serafim TL, Hozak P, Sardao VA, Koopman WJH, Ricchetti M, Oliveira PJ, Kolar F, Kubista M, Truksa J, Dvorakova-Hortova K, Pacak K, Gurlich R, Stocker R, Zhou Y, Berridge MV, Park S, Dong L, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. Reactivation of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase-Driven Pyrimidine Biosynthesis Restores Tumor Growth of Respiration-Deficient Cancer Cells. Cell Metab 2019; 29:399-416.e10. [PMID: 30449682 PMCID: PMC7484595 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells without mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) do not form tumors unless they reconstitute oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) by mitochondria acquired from host stroma. To understand why functional respiration is crucial for tumorigenesis, we used time-resolved analysis of tumor formation by mtDNA-depleted cells and genetic manipulations of OXPHOS. We show that pyrimidine biosynthesis dependent on respiration-linked dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is required to overcome cell-cycle arrest, while mitochondrial ATP generation is dispensable for tumorigenesis. Latent DHODH in mtDNA-deficient cells is fully activated with restoration of complex III/IV activity and coenzyme Q redox-cycling after mitochondrial transfer, or by introduction of an alternative oxidase. Further, deletion of DHODH interferes with tumor formation in cells with fully functional OXPHOS, while disruption of mitochondrial ATP synthase has little effect. Our results show that DHODH-driven pyrimidine biosynthesis is an essential pathway linking respiration to tumorigenesis, pointing to inhibitors of DHODH as potential anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
| | - Ana R Coelho
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Sehyun Oh
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Katerina Rohlenova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - David Svec
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Hubackova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Kristyna Judasova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | - Katarina Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Laurent Chatre
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Renata Zobalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Novakova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Vanova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ezrova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ghassan J Maghzal
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Silvia Magalhaes Novais
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Olsinova
- Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Linda Krobova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Yong Jin An
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Eliska Davidova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Nahacka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Margarita Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Teresa Cunha-Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Cristian Sandoval-Acuña
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Hynek Strnad
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tongchuan Zhang
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 QLD, Australia
| | - Thanh Huynh
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Teresa L Serafim
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vilma A Sardao
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Werner J H Koopman
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6525 Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Department of Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS UMR 3738, Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC-Biotech, Biocant Park, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Frantisek Kolar
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, 128 44 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Pacak
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert Gurlich
- Third Faculty Hospital, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Stocker
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yaoqi Zhou
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 QLD, Australia
| | | | - Sunghyouk Park
- College of Pharmacy, Natural Product Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic; School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia.
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4
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Dong LF, Kovarova J, Bajzikova M, Bezawork-Geleta A, Svec D, Endaya B, Sachaphibulkij K, Coelho AR, Sebkova N, Ruzickova A, Tan AS, Kluckova K, Judasova K, Zamecnikova K, Rychtarcikova Z, Gopalan V, Andera L, Sobol M, Yan B, Pattnaik B, Bhatraju N, Truksa J, Stopka P, Hozak P, Lam AK, Sedlacek R, Oliveira PJ, Kubista M, Agrawal A, Dvorakova-Hortova K, Rohlena J, Berridge MV, Neuzil J. Horizontal transfer of whole mitochondria restores tumorigenic potential in mitochondrial DNA-deficient cancer cells. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28195532 PMCID: PMC5367896 DOI: 10.7554/elife.22187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we showed that generation of tumours in syngeneic mice by cells devoid of mitochondrial (mt) DNA (ρ0 cells) is linked to the acquisition of the host mtDNA. However, the mechanism of mtDNA movement between cells remains unresolved. To determine whether the transfer of mtDNA involves whole mitochondria, we injected B16ρ0 mouse melanoma cells into syngeneic C57BL/6Nsu9-DsRed2 mice that express red fluorescent protein in their mitochondria. We document that mtDNA is acquired by transfer of whole mitochondria from the host animal, leading to normalisation of mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, knockdown of key mitochondrial complex I (NDUFV1) and complex II (SDHC) subunits by shRNA in B16ρ0 cells abolished or significantly retarded their ability to form tumours. Collectively, these results show that intact mitochondria with their mtDNA payload are transferred in the developing tumour, and provide functional evidence for an essential role of oxidative phosphorylation in cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.22187.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - David Svec
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | | | - Ana R Coelho
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Natasa Sebkova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Ruzickova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - An S Tan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Katarina Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Judasova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Katerina Zamecnikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Zittau/Goerlitz University of Applied Sciences, Zittau, Germany
| | - Zuzana Rychtarcikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vinod Gopalan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.,School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Ladislav Andera
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Margarita Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Bijay Pattnaik
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Naveen Bhatraju
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Stopka
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alfred K Lam
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Radislav Sedlacek
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Mikael Kubista
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,TATAA Biocenter, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anurag Agrawal
- CSIR Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Katerina Dvorakova-Hortova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia.,Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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5
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Bezawork-Geleta A, Rohlena J, Dong L, Pacak K, Neuzil J. Mitochondrial Complex II: At the Crossroads. Trends Biochem Sci 2017; 42:312-325. [PMID: 28185716 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex II (CII), also called succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), is a central purveyor of the reprogramming of metabolic and respiratory adaptation in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic stimuli and abnormalities. In this review we discuss recent findings regarding SDH biogenesis, which requires four known assembly factors, and modulation of its enzymatic activity by acetylation, succinylation, phosphorylation, and proteolysis. We further focus on the emerging role of both genetic and epigenetic aberrations leading to SDH dysfunction associated with various clinical manifestations. This review also covers the recent discovery of the role of SDH in inflammation-linked pathologies. Conceivably, SDH is a potential target for several hard-to-treat conditions, including cancer, that remains to be fully exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia
| | - Karel Pacak
- Section on Medical Neuroendocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Australia; Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.
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6
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Rohlenova K, Sachaphibulkij K, Stursa J, Bezawork-Geleta A, Blecha J, Endaya B, Werner L, Cerny J, Zobalova R, Goodwin J, Spacek T, Alizadeh Pesdar E, Yan B, Nguyen MN, Vondrusova M, Sobol M, Jezek P, Hozak P, Truksa J, Rohlena J, Dong LF, Neuzil J. Selective Disruption of Respiratory Supercomplexes as a New Strategy to Suppress Her2 high Breast Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:84-103. [PMID: 27392540 PMCID: PMC5206771 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Expression of the HER2 oncogene in breast cancer is associated with resistance to treatment, and Her2 may regulate bioenergetics. Therefore, we investigated whether disruption of the electron transport chain (ETC) is a viable strategy to eliminate Her2high disease. RESULTS We demonstrate that Her2high cells and tumors have increased assembly of respiratory supercomplexes (SCs) and increased complex I-driven respiration in vitro and in vivo. They are also highly sensitive to MitoTam, a novel mitochondrial-targeted derivative of tamoxifen. Unlike tamoxifen, MitoTam efficiently suppresses experimental Her2high tumors without systemic toxicity. Mechanistically, MitoTam inhibits complex I-driven respiration and disrupts respiratory SCs in Her2high background in vitro and in vivo, leading to elevated reactive oxygen species production and cell death. Intriguingly, higher sensitivity of Her2high cells to MitoTam is dependent on the mitochondrial fraction of Her2. INNOVATION Oncogenes such as HER2 can restructure ETC, creating a previously unrecognized therapeutic vulnerability exploitable by SC-disrupting agents such as MitoTam. CONCLUSION We propose that the ETC is a suitable therapeutic target in Her2high disease. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 84-103.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Rohlenova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Stursa
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia .,3 Prague Institute of Chemical Technology , Prague, Czech Republic .,4 Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital , Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jan Blecha
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Berwini Endaya
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Lukas Werner
- 4 Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital , Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Cerny
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Renata Zobalova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic .,2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Tomas Spacek
- 5 Institute of Physiology , Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Bing Yan
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Maria Nga Nguyen
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Magdalena Vondrusova
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Margaryta Sobol
- 6 Institute of Molecular Genetics , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Jezek
- 5 Institute of Physiology , Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- 6 Institute of Molecular Genetics , Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- 2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- 1 Institute of Biotechnology , Czech Academy of Sciences, BIOCEV, Vestec, Prague-West, Czech Republic .,2 School of Medical Science, Griffith University , Southport, Australia
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7
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Boukalova S, Stursa J, Werner L, Ezrova Z, Cerny J, Bezawork-Geleta A, Pecinova A, Dong L, Drahota Z, Neuzil J. Mitochondrial Targeting of Metformin Enhances Its Activity against Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2875-2886. [PMID: 27765848 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-15-1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the hardest-to-treat types of neoplastic diseases. Metformin, a widely prescribed drug against type 2 diabetes mellitus, is being trialed as an agent against pancreatic cancer, although its efficacy is low. With the idea of delivering metformin to its molecular target, the mitochondrial complex I (CI), we tagged the agent with the mitochondrial vector, triphenylphosphonium group. Mitochondrially targeted metformin (MitoMet) was found to kill a panel of pancreatic cancer cells three to four orders of magnitude more efficiently than found for the parental compound. Respiration assessment documented CI as the molecular target for MitoMet, which was corroborated by molecular modeling. MitoMet also efficiently suppressed pancreatic tumors in three mouse models. We propose that the novel mitochondrially targeted agent is clinically highly intriguing, and it has a potential to greatly improve the bleak prospects of patients with pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(12); 2875-86. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stepana Boukalova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Stursa
- Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukas Werner
- Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, Czech Republic
- Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Ezrova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Cerny
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic
| | | | - Alena Pecinova
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Zdenek Drahota
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
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8
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Bezawork-Geleta A, Dong L, Rohlena J, Neuzil J. The Assembly Factor SDHAF2 Is Dispensable for Flavination of the Catalytic Subunit of Mitochondrial Complex II in Breast Cancer Cells. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:21414-21420. [PMID: 27587393 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c116.755017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex II or succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) is at the crossroads of oxidative phosphorylation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It has been shown that Sdh5 (SDHAF2/SDH5 in mammals) is required for flavination of the subunit Sdh1 (SDHA in human cells) in yeast. Here we demonstrate that in human breast cancer cells, SDHAF2/SDH5 is dispensable for SDHA flavination. In contrast to yeast, CRISPR-Cas9 nickase-mediated SDHAF2 KO breast cancer cells feature flavinated SDHA and retain fully assembled and functional complex II, as well as normal mitochondrial respiration. Our data show that SDHA flavination is independent of SDHAF2 in breast cancer cells, employing an alternative mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- From the School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 Queensland, Australia and
| | - Jakub Rohlena
- the Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Prague-West, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- From the School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, 4222 Queensland, Australia and .,the Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 50 Prague-West, Czech Republic
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9
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Pasdar EA, Smits M, Stapelberg M, Bajzikova M, Stantic M, Goodwin J, Yan B, Stursa J, Kovarova J, Sachaphibulkij K, Bezawork-Geleta A, Sobol M, Filimonenko A, Tomasetti M, Zobalova R, Hozak P, Dong LF, Neuzil J. Correction: Characterisation of Mesothelioma-Initiating Cells and Their Susceptibility to Anti-Cancer Agents. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156012. [PMID: 27186640 PMCID: PMC4871491 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119549.].
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10
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Yan B, Stantic M, Zobalova R, Bezawork-Geleta A, Stapelberg M, Stursa J, Prokopova K, Dong L, Neuzil J. Mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate efficiently kills breast tumour-initiating cells in a complex II-dependent manner. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:401. [PMID: 25967547 PMCID: PMC4494715 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence suggests that breast cancer involves tumour-initiating cells (TICs), which play a role in initiation, metastasis, therapeutic resistance and relapse of the disease. Emerging drugs that target TICs are becoming a focus of contemporary research. Mitocans, a group of compounds that induce apoptosis of cancer cells by destabilising their mitochondria, are showing their potential in killing TICs. In this project, we investigated mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate (MitoVES), a recently developed mitocan, for its in vitro and in vivo efficacy against TICs. Methods The mammosphere model of breast TICs was established by culturing murine NeuTL and human MCF7 cells as spheres. This model was verified by stem cell marker expression, tumour initiation capacity and chemotherapeutic resistance. Cell susceptibility to MitoVES was assessed and the cell death pathway investigated. In vivo efficacy was studied by grafting NeuTL TICs to form syngeneic tumours. Results Mammospheres derived from NeuTL and MCF7 breast cancer cells were enriched in the level of stemness, and the sphere cells featured altered mitochondrial function. Sphere cultures were resistant to several established anti-cancer agents while they were susceptible to MitoVES. Killing of mammospheres was suppressed when the mitochondrial complex II, the molecular target of MitoVES, was knocked down. Importantly, MitoVES inhibited progression of syngeneic HER2high tumours derived from breast TICs by inducing apoptosis in tumour cells. Conclusions These results demonstrate that using mammospheres, a plausible model for studying TICs, drugs that target mitochondria efficiently kill breast tumour-initiating cells. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1394-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Marina Stantic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Renata Zobalova
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia. .,Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
| | | | - Michael Stapelberg
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Jan Stursa
- The Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Katerina Prokopova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Lanfeng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia.
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, 4222, Australia. .,Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, 142 20, Czech Republic.
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11
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Pasdar EA, Smits M, Stapelberg M, Bajzikova M, Stantic M, Goodwin J, Yan B, Stursa J, Kovarova J, Sachaphibulkij K, Bezawork-Geleta A, Sobol M, Filimonenko A, Tomasetti M, Zobalova R, Hozak P, Dong LF, Neuzil J. Characterisation of mesothelioma-initiating cells and their susceptibility to anti-cancer agents. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119549. [PMID: 25932953 PMCID: PMC4416766 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive type of tumour causing high mortality. One reason for this paradigm may be the existence of a subpopulation of tumour-initiating cells (TICs) that endow MM with drug resistance and recurrence. The objective of this study was to identify and characterise a TIC subpopulation in MM cells, using spheroid cultures, mesospheres, as a model of MM TICs. Mesospheres, typified by the stemness markers CD24, ABCG2 and OCT4, initiated tumours in immunodeficient mice more efficiently than adherent cells. CD24 knock-down cells lost the sphere-forming capacity and featured lower tumorigenicity. Upon serial transplantation, mesospheres were gradually more efficiently tumrigenic with increased level of stem cell markers. We also show that mesospheres feature mitochondrial and metabolic properties similar to those of normal and cancer stem cells. Finally, we show that mesothelioma-initiating cells are highly susceptible to mitochondrially targeted vitamin E succinate. This study documents that mesospheres can be used as a plausible model of mesothelioma-initiating cells and that they can be utilised in the search for efficient agents against MM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Smits
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Michael Stapelberg
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marina Stantic
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jan Stursa
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Margaryta Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Anatoly Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marco Tomasetti
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Renata Zobalova
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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12
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Tan AS, Baty JW, Dong LF, Bezawork-Geleta A, Endaya B, Goodwin J, Bajzikova M, Kovarova J, Peterka M, Yan B, Pesdar EA, Sobol M, Filimonenko A, Stuart S, Vondrusova M, Kluckova K, Sachaphibulkij K, Rohlena J, Hozak P, Truksa J, Eccles D, Haupt LM, Griffiths LR, Neuzil J, Berridge MV. Mitochondrial genome acquisition restores respiratory function and tumorigenic potential of cancer cells without mitochondrial DNA. Cell Metab 2015; 21:81-94. [PMID: 25565207 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 509] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report that tumor cells without mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) show delayed tumor growth, and that tumor formation is associated with acquisition of mtDNA from host cells. This leads to partial recovery of mitochondrial function in cells derived from primary tumors grown from cells without mtDNA and a shorter lag in tumor growth. Cell lines from circulating tumor cells showed further recovery of mitochondrial respiration and an intermediate lag to tumor growth, while cells from lung metastases exhibited full restoration of respiratory function and no lag in tumor growth. Stepwise assembly of mitochondrial respiratory (super)complexes was correlated with acquisition of respiratory function. Our findings indicate horizontal transfer of mtDNA from host cells in the tumor microenvironment to tumor cells with compromised respiratory function to re-establish respiration and tumor-initiating efficacy. These results suggest pathophysiological processes for overcoming mtDNA damage and support the notion of high plasticity of malignant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- An S Tan
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - James W Baty
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Lan-Feng Dong
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | | | - Berwini Endaya
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Jacob Goodwin
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Martina Bajzikova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromira Kovarova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Peterka
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Bing Yan
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia
| | | | - Margarita Sobol
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Anatolyj Filimonenko
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Shani Stuart
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Magdalena Vondrusova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kluckova
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | | | - Jakub Rohlena
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hozak
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Truksa
- Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - David Eccles
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand
| | - Larisa M Haupt
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Lyn R Griffiths
- Genomics Research Centre, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, QLD 4059, Australia
| | - Jiri Neuzil
- School of Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; Institute of Biotechnology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic.
| | - Michael V Berridge
- Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, P.O. Box 7060, Wellington 6242, New Zealand.
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13
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Bezawork-Geleta A, Saiyed T, Dougan DA, Truscott KN. Mitochondrial matrix proteostasis is linked to hereditary paraganglioma: LON-mediated turnover of the human flavinylation factor SDH5 is regulated by its interaction with SDHA. FASEB J 2014; 28:1794-804. [PMID: 24414418 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-242420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) subunits and assembly factors cause a range of clinical conditions. One such condition, hereditary paraganglioma 2 (PGL2), is caused by a G78R mutation in the assembly factor SDH5. Although SDH5(G78R) is deficient in its ability to promote SDHA flavinylation, it has remained unclear whether impairment to its import, structure, or stability contributes to its loss of function. Using import-chase analysis in human mitochondria isolated from HeLa cells, we found that the import and maturation of human SDH5(G78R) was normal, while its stability was reduced significantly, with ~25% of the protein remaining after 180 min compared to ~85% for the wild-type protein. Notably, the metabolic stability of SDH5(G78R) was restored to wild-type levels by depleting mitochondrial LON (LONM). Degradation of SDH5(G78R) by LONM was confirmed in vitro; however, in contrast to the in organello analysis, wild-type SDH5 was also rapidly degraded by LONM. SDH5 instability was confirmed in SDHA-depleted mitochondria. Blue native PAGE showed that imported SDH5(G78R) formed a transient complex with SDHA; however, this complex was stabilized in LONM depleted mitochondria. These data demonstrate that SDH5 is protected from LONM-mediated degradation in mitochondria by its stable interaction with SDHA, a state that is dysregulated in PGL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayenachew Bezawork-Geleta
- 2Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne 3086, Australia. K.N.T.,
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14
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Truscott KN, Bezawork-Geleta A, Dougan DA. Unfolded protein responses in bacteria and mitochondria: a central role for the ClpXP machine. IUBMB Life 2012; 63:955-63. [PMID: 22031494 DOI: 10.1002/iub.526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In the crowded environment of a cell, the protein quality control machinery, such as molecular chaperones and proteases, maintains a population of folded and hence functional proteins. The accumulation of unfolded proteins in a cell is particularly harmful as it not only reduces the concentration of active proteins but also overburdens the protein quality control machinery, which in turn, can lead to a significant increase in nonproductive folding and protein aggregation. To circumvent this problem, cells use heat shock and unfolded protein stress response pathways, which essentially sense the change to protein homeostasis upregulating protein quality control factors that act to restore the balance. Interestingly, several stress response pathways are proteolytically controlled. In this review, we provide a brief summary of targeted protein degradation by AAA+ proteases and focus on the role of ClpXP proteases, particularly in the signaling pathway of the Escherichia coli extracellular stress response and the mitochondrial unfolded protein response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaye N Truscott
- Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
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15
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Keren I, Bezawork-Geleta A, Kolton M, Maayan I, Belausov E, Levy M, Mett A, Gidoni D, Shaya F, Ostersetzer-Biran O. AtnMat2, a nuclear-encoded maturase required for splicing of group-II introns in Arabidopsis mitochondria. RNA 2009; 15:2299-311. [PMID: 19946041 PMCID: PMC2779688 DOI: 10.1261/rna.1776409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2009] [Accepted: 09/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria (mt) in plants house about 20 group-II introns, which lie within protein-coding genes required in both organellar genome expression and respiration activities. While in nonplant systems the splicing of group-II introns is mediated by proteins encoded within the introns themselves (known as "maturases"), only a single maturase ORF (matR) has retained in the mitochondrial genomes in plants; however, its putative role(s) in the splicing of organellar introns is yet to be established. Clues to other proteins are scarce, but these are likely encoded within the nucleus as there are no obvious candidates among the remaining ORFs within the mtDNA. Intriguingly, higher plants genomes contain four maturase-related genes, which exist in the nucleus as self-standing ORFs, out of the context of their evolutionary-related group-II introns "hosts." These are all predicted to reside within mitochondria and may therefore act "in-trans" in the splicing of organellar-encoded introns. Here, we analyzed the intracellular locations of the four nuclear-encoded maturases in Arabidopsis and established the roles of one of these genes, At5g46920 (AtnMat2), in the splicing of several mitochondrial introns, including the single intron within cox2, nad1 intron2, and nad7 intron2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Keren
- Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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16
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Keren I, Klipcan L, Bezawork-Geleta A, Kolton M, Shaya F, Ostersetzer-Biran O. Characterization of the molecular basis of group II intron RNA recognition by CRS1-CRM domains. J Biol Chem 2008; 283:23333-42. [PMID: 18559344 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m710488200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CRM (chloroplast RNA splicing and ribosome maturation) is a recently recognized RNA-binding domain of ancient origin that has been retained in eukaryotic genomes only within the plant lineage. Whereas in bacteria CRM domains exist as single domain proteins involved in ribosome maturation, in plants they are found in a family of proteins that contain between one and four repeats. Several members of this family with multiple CRM domains have been shown to be required for the splicing of specific plastidic group II introns. Detailed biochemical analysis of one of these factors in maize, CRS1, demonstrated its high affinity and specific binding to the single group II intron whose splicing it facilitates, the plastid-encoded atpF intron RNA. Through its association with two intronic regions, CRS1 guides the folding of atpF intron RNA into its predicted "catalytically active" form. To understand how multiple CRM domains cooperate to achieve high affinity sequence-specific binding to RNA, we analyzed the RNA binding affinity and specificity associated with each individual CRM domain in CRS1; whereas CRM3 bound tightly to the RNA, CRM1 associated specifically with a unique region found within atpF intron domain I. CRM2, which demonstrated only low binding affinity, also seems to form specific interactions with regions localized to domains I, III, and IV. We further show that CRM domains share structural similarities and RNA binding characteristics with the well known RNA recognition motif domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Keren
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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