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Awais M, Khan N, Khan AK, Rehman A. CT texture analysis for differentiating between peritoneal carcinomatosis and peritoneal tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:857-867. [PMID: 37996544 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04103-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) and peritoneal tuberculosis (PTB) have similar clinical and radiologic imaging features, which make it very difficult to differentiate between the two entities clinically. Our aim was to determine if the CT textural parameters of omental lesions among patients with PC were different from those with PTB. METHODS All patients who had undergone omental biopsy at our institution from January 2010 to December 2018 and had a tissue diagnosis of PC or PTB were eligible for inclusion. Patients who did not have a contrast-enhanced CT abdomen within one month of the omental biopsy were excluded. A region of interest (ROI) was manually drawn over omental lesions and radiomic features were extracted using open-source LIFEx software. Statistical analysis was performed to compare mean differences in CT texture parameters between the PC and PTB groups. RESULTS A total of 66 patients were included in the study of which 38 and 28 had PC and PTB, respectively. Omental lesions in patients with PC had higher mean radiodensity (mean difference: +32.4; p = 0.001), higher mean entropy (mean difference: +0.11; p < 0.001), and lower mean energy (mean difference: -0.024; p = 0.001) compared to those in PTB. Additionally, omental lesions in the PC group had lower gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) homogeneity (mean difference: -0.073; p < 0.001) and higher GLCM dissimilarity (mean difference: +0.480; p < 0.001) as compared to the PTB group. CONCLUSION CT texture parameters of omental lesions differed significantly between patients with PTB and those with PC, which may help clinicians in differentiating between the two entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Awais
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
| | - Noman Khan
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Ayimen Khalid Khan
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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Awais M, Khan N, Khan AK, Rehman A. Correction to: CT texture analysis for differentiating between peritoneal carcinomatosis and peritoneal tuberculosis: a cross‑sectional study. Abdom Radiol (NY) 2024; 49:1006. [PMID: 38253931 DOI: 10.1007/s00261-023-04170-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Awais
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan.
| | - Noman Khan
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Ayimen Khalid Khan
- Department of Radiology, Aga Khan University Hospital, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi, 74800, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Rehman
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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Shomal Zadeh F, Khan AK, Pooyan A, Alipour E, Azhideh A, Chalian M. Sciatic diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with treatment response to CHOP and radiotherapy. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:207-212. [PMID: 38028295 PMCID: PMC10651427 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2023.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurolymphomatosis is an uncommon presentation of lymphoma caused by the infiltration of the peripheral nervous system by lymphoid cells. Here, we describe a case of neurolymphomatosis of the sciatic nerve in 41-year-old woman, which presented by acute onset pain and progress to paresthesia and weakness. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed lobulated mass involving the right sciatic nerve with central necrosis and mild surrounding edema, which was isointense on T1-weighted images, hyperintense on short tau inversion recovery (STIR). Positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) showed centrally necrotic mass with avid fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in the right sciatic nerve. Partial resection of the tumor was done, and the diagnosis of the diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was made and confirmed by bone marrow biopsy. Patient was treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy (regimen consisting of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, prednisone, rituximab, and vincristine) and radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firoozeh Shomal Zadeh
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Ayimen Khalid Khan
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Atefe Pooyan
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Ehsan Alipour
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Arash Azhideh
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Majid Chalian
- Musculoskeletal Imaging and Intervention, Department of Radiology, University of Washington, 4245 Roosevelt Way NE, Box 354755, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
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Khan D, Khan AK, Khan SD, Aman M, Amin A, Waseem M, Kumari U, Khan F, Pervez A, Khan A. The tendency of segmental distribution of hepatic metastasis according to couinaud classification: a comparison of portal versus systemic route of metastatis due to primary colorectal and breast tumors. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:4806-4810. [PMID: 37811027 PMCID: PMC10552961 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The liver is the commonest site of metastatic disease for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), with at least 25% of patients developing liver metastasis (LM) during their illness. About 50% of patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer develop LM, and 5-12% of these patients develop LM as the main site of breast cancer recurrence. This study aims to determine the frequency of segmental distribution of LM seeding from portal versus systemic routes of dissemination due to primary CRC and breast carcinoma, respectively. Material and methods This retrospective study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Pakistan. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review board. A total of 587 patients were included in the study with 297 CRC patients with LM and 300 breast carcinoma patients with LM. Segment I involvement was excluded from the calculation because of the dual blood supply. Patients' detailed demographics and other information were collected on a predesigned proforma. The authors evaluated axial and multiplanar reformatted computed tomography images for LM and CRC metastasis. Data analysis was done using SPSS version 25. P value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A study population of 587 patients was employed that comprised 287 CRC and 300 breast carcinoma patients. There were 179 (30.5%) male and 408 (69.5%) female patients. The mean age of patients was 54.9±13.3. The study revealed that 204 (34.8%) CRC patients showed right lobe (V, VI, VII, VIII) and 83 (14.1%) CRC patients showed left lobe involvement of metastasis while 192 (32.7%) breast carcinoma patients showed right lobe involvement and 108 (18.4%) breast carcinoma patients showed left lobe involvement in metastasis (P=0.02). We also found 40 (6.8%) colorectal and 55 (9.4%) breast carcinoma patients showed left lateral segment (II, III) involvement. Medial segment involvement (IV) was seen in 43 (7.3%) CRC patients and 53 (9%) breast carcinoma patients (P=0.03). Conclusion The right hepatic lobe is the predominant site of metastasis independent of the portal or systemic route of dissemination in primary carcinoma. Moreover, in left lobe metastasis medial segment (IV) is more affected in CRC while the lateral segment (II, III) is more affected in breast carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Waseem
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Usha Kumari
- Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Khan AK, Quddus SR, Khan HK, Ali MS, Kamruzzaman M, Hasan MR, Hasan M, Moon RH. Complications Following General Anaesthesia in Paediatric Patients. Mymensingh Med J 2018; 27:429-436. [PMID: 29769515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complications in paediatric anaesthesia can be conveniently classified as minor or major. Major morbidity includes cardiac arrest, brain damage and death. Minor morbidity can be assessed by clinical audits with smell patient samples. Major morbidity is rare. It is best assessed by very large clinical studies and by review of cases malpractice claims. Both minor & major complication occurs most commonly in infants and children under three especially those with severe co-morbidities. Knowledge of risk profiles in paediatric anaesthesia is a starting point for the reduction of risk complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Dr Md Abul Kalam Azad Khan, Assistant Professor & Head, Department of Anaesthesiology, Community Based Medical College Bangladesh (CBMCB), Mymensingh, Bangladesh
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Khan S, Ansar M, Khan AK, Shah K, Muhammad N, Shahzad S, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Santos-Cortez RLP, Leal SM, Ahmad W. A homozygous missense mutation in SLC25A16 associated with autosomal recessive isolated fingernail dysplasia in a Pakistani family. Br J Dermatol 2017; 178:556-558. [PMID: 28504827 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - A K Khan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - K Shah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - N Muhammad
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - S Shahzad
- Department of Biotechnology & Bioinformatics, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - D A Nickerson
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - M J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, U.S.A
| | - R L P Santos-Cortez
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A.,Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, U.S.A
| | - S M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, U.S.A
| | - W Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Nelson SS, Khan AK. To Study Endothelial Dysfunction in Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Assoc Physicians India 2015; 63:26-30. [PMID: 27608688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. This excess mortality attributable to cardiovascular events. Endothelial dysfunction represents the earliest stage of atherosclerosis. It can be measured noninvasively by peripheral tests of function, such as pulse wave analysis. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the influence of chronic inflammatory state on endothelial function in patients with RA free of cardiovascular disease or risk factors by measuring endothelial reactivity. METHOD A total number of 62 patients of RA and 18 normal healthy controls participated in the study. The pulse wave velocity (PWV), reflection index (RI) and augmentation or stiffness Index (SI) were measured at baseline and vasodilatory response was measured. Waveform analyzer and Micromedical Pulse Trace Analyser were used. RESULTS Heart brachial PWV and brachial ankle PWV were not statistically significant in healthy and RA patient groups. RI was higher in RA patients than controls. SI in RA patient group (7.94 ± 1.20) was statistically significant (p < .0001) as compared to healthy controls (6.75 ± 0.65). RA patients with low SI had active disease indicated by DAS28 (5.03 ± 1.20) increased ESR and CRP levels as compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS RA with high disease activity, free from cardiovascular risk factors and overt cardiovascular disease had premature aging (increased vascular stiffness). Inflammatory process associated with RA was responsible for findings. It is suggested that the increased arterial stiffness contributes to the observed increased cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in subjects with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A K Khan
- Asst. Prof., Dept. of Rheumatology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana
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Abstract
This population based cross-sectional study was conducted on 8283 persons of all ages in five districts, selected conveniently, to assess the magnitude of ocular injuries, their causes and consequences in rural Bangladesh. Six Upazilas from five districts and from each Upazila one Union was selected randomly. One village, the ultimate cluster, was then selected conveniently from each Union. All people (n = 8283) in the 8 villages were then surveyed. Out of 8283 population (ranging from 1-120 years) surveyed, 167(2%) had history and/or evidence of past ocular trauma with a yearly incidence of 6.2 per 1000 per year. Study demonstrated a female predominance with male to female ratio being roughly 4:5. Majority (82%) had at least one episode of trauma in their life-time with mean age at 1st trauma being 20 years. Nearly 40% of the traumas were caused by blunt objects followed by penetrating object (22.3%) and sharp instrument (18.1%) with home being the primary place of occurrence (55.1%). Evidence of ocular trauma was found on eye-lid (15%), conjunctiva (11.4%) and cornea (10.2%) as scars. The older participants (≥ 30 years), females, illiterates, agriculture labors, housewives and household workers were more likely to receive trauma. Majority (86.8%) of the subjects received treatment following injury. The median time lapsed between injuries and receiving first treatment was 5 days and that between injury and visiting an eye-specialist was 18 days. Self-treatment and treatment from over-the-counter comprised 45% and 42.1% respectively followed by eye-specialists (25.5%), village quack (22.8%), graduate doctors (19.3%) and traditional healers (6.9%). About 87% received conservative management, with 12.4% needing hospitalization. Most of the injured (92.8%) and non-injured (95.2%) eyes had normal vision before trauma as informed by the respondents. Following trauma, 18% had impaired, 10.7% severely impaired vision and about 6% were blind. Job abstinence due to trauma was 53% with median wage loss being 10 days. The study concludes that point-prevalence of ocular trauma in rural area is around 2% with blunt objects commonly causing the trauma and one in every 16 trauma-hit case undergo blind. Addressing blindness from ocular trauma, should, therefore, be a priority for eye care programs in rural Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Gonoshasthaya Somajvittik Medical College, Savar, Dhaka.
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Akhtaruzzaman M, Hossain MA, Karim MR, Khan RH, Islam MS, Ahamed F, Khan N, Ahammed SU, Dhar SK, Mahmud AA, Khan AK, Nahar S. Attitude and Practices of Mothers on Breastfeeding Attended at a Tertiary Hospital in Bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2015; 24:480-485. [PMID: 26329943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Pediatric Out Patient Department (OPD) of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) from November 2013 to April 2014 to assess the knowledge and practices of the mothers about breastfeeding. Four hundred mothers having children 6 months to 2 years of age attended at OPD of MMCH for any cause were included in the study by systematic random sampling. A structured, pre-tested, interview schedule was used to collect data from mothers. All mothers were continuing to breastfeed their children. Two hundred and seventy-two (68.00%) infants received breast feeding within 1 hour after birth, while 128(32.00%) infants received breast feeding after 1 hour of birth. Of 128, in 48(37.50%) cases, mother's illness was the reason for delay in initiation of breast feeding, whereas in 70(54.69%) cases, it was due to reduced milk production on mother's statement. Pre-lacteal feeding was given in 96(24.00%) children. Among them honey was given in 24(25.00%) cases, cow's milk was given in 14(14.58%) cases, sugar water was given in 18(18.75%) cases and formula milk was given in 40(41.67%) cases. One hundred and twenty-eight (32.00%) mothers started to give their child food other than breast milk before 3 months of age and 148(37.00) mothers started to give their child food other than breast milk before 6 months of age. The reason for starting to give their child food other than breast milk before 6 months of age was mother's assumption of milk insufficiency in 166(60.14%) cases and baby's cry for hunger in 110(39.86%) cases. Formula milk was given in 120(30.00%) infants before 6 months of age. Among them 96(80.00%) mothers prepared it with larger amount of water. Plain water was given in 240(60.00%) children before the age of 6 months. One hundred and twenty-four (31.00%) children were exclusively breastfeed for first 6 months of age. Breastfeeding is almost universal in Bangladesh but the exclusive breastfeeding rate is alarmingly very low. Great emphasis is needed to educate mothers about benefits of colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding, and the harmful effects of pre-lacteal feeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhtaruzzaman
- Dr Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman, Medical Officer, Paediatric Out Patient Department, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh
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Akhtaruzzaman M, Hossain MA, Khan RH, Karim MR, Choudhury AM, Islam MS, Ahamed F, Khan N, Ahammed SU, Dhar SK, Mahmud AA, Khan AK, Alam MS, Nahar S. Knowledge and practices of mothers on childhood diarrhoea and its management attended at a tertiary hospital in bangladesh. Mymensingh Med J 2015; 24:269-275. [PMID: 26007253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in Pediatric out Patient Department (OPD) of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH) from March 2014 to August 2014 to assess the knowledge and practices of the mothers in acute diarrhoeal diseases in children under-five years of age regarding use of oral rehydration solution (ORS), zinc, other drugs and feeding practices. Four hundred children under-five years of age having acute diarrhoea were included in the study by systematic random sampling. A structured, pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from mothers of children having diarrhoeal diseases. ORS was offered by 360(90.00%) of the mothers. Out of which 279(77.50%) used it by their own knowledge. One hundred and ninety-one (53.06%) mothers prepared it correctly, while 169(46.94%) prepared it incorrectly. Of 169, 129(35.83%) mothers used less amount of water, while 40(11.11%) mothers used much amount of water to prepare ORS. Of 360 mothers, 89(24.72%) mixed part of the content of ORS sachet at a time. Of 360 mothers, only 55(15.28%) offered correct amount of ORS after each purging. Zinc was offered in 142(35.50%) children. Of 400, only 13(3.25%) mothers used recommended home-based fluid, while 70(17.50%) mothers offered increased amount of fluid to their child. Drugs other than zinc and ORS were used in 247(61.75%) children. Among drugs, other than zinc and ORS, antibiotics was used in 109(44.13%) cases, whereas antiprotozoal in 97(39.27%) cases. Amount of liquid given was more than usual in 70(17.50%) children, same as usual in 57(14.25%) children and less than usual in 273(68.25%) children. Amount of food given was same as usual in 59(14.75%) children, while less than usual in 341(85.25%) children. Control of diarrhoeal diseases programme is successful in introducing ORS at mass level. Great emphasis is needed to educate mothers about preparation and quantity of ORS to be given to children with diarrhoeal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Akhtaruzzaman
- Dr Muhammad Akhtaruzzaman, Medical Officer, Paediatric Out Patient Department, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital (MMCH), Mymensingh
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Murtaza G, Ullah H, Khan SA, Mir S, Khan AK, Nasir B, Azhar S, Abid MA. Formulation and In vitro Dissolution Characteristics of Sustained-Release Matrix Tablets of Tizanidine Hydrochloride. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ayoub RK, Murtaza G, Imran M, Khan SA, Mir S, Khan AK, Azhar S, Mehmood Z, Sajjad A, Shah SNH. Formulation and Permeation Kinetic Studies of Flurbiprofen Gel. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Li T, Murtaza G, Azhar S, Nasir B, Raza H, Shah SH, Farzana K, Khan AK, Mir S, Li Y, Nisa ZU, Xu X. Assessment of the determinant of choice of ‘over the counter’ analgesics among students of a university in Abbottabad, Pakistan. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i10.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Xu X, Sajid KM, Zhai X, Yao W, Mir S, Mahmood R, Khan AK, Asad MHHB, Farzana K, Murtaza G, Li T. Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus in euthyroid patients. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i10.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Ullah H, Ullah B, Karim S, Tariq I, Khan AK, Mir S, Baseer A, Azhar S, Murtaza G. Malnutrition amongst Under-Five Years Children in Swat, Pakistan: Prevalence and Risk Factors. TROP J PHARM RES 2014. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v13i8.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Khan AK. Prevention of blindness due to agriculture related ocular trauma in Bangladesh: A nationwide campaign. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2014; 40:44-46. [PMID: 26118173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
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Khan AK, Hussain AZMI. Development of community based curriculum on ophthalmology for under graduate medical course in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012; 38:51-58. [PMID: 23227628 DOI: 10.3329/bmrcb.v38i2.12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The curriculum represents the expression of educational ideas in practice. Ophthalmic education is the corner stone to improve eye care globally. Curriculum needs continuous modification varying in different geographic locations. Though 90% of common conditions are either preventable or curable but emphasis on the common conditions is inadequate. This is a stepwise descriptive study aiming to develop a community based ophthalmology curriculum for undergraduate medical course in Bangladesh conducted during March 2007 to February 2008 at UniSA School of Public Health and Life Sciences, University of South Asia, Banani, Dhaka. Delphi technique, a modified qualitative method was used to accumulate data and reaching a consensus opinion for developing the curriculum. Study approach includes two iterative rounds and finally a workshop. Iteration of round-I was "What are the eye diseases with overall knowledge of their management one MBBS physician should acquire"; followed by a list of eye diseases and topics for expert opinion. The response was collated. Iteration round-II was "How much a MBBS student should have percentage of knowledge, attitude and skills on each topic while being taught". The response was collated and presented to panel of expert ophthalmologists for discussion and validation. In the round-I Delphi, 400 (62%) out to total 641 ophthalmologist were randomly selected dividing in categories (62% in each) of Professor-22, Associate Professor-12, Assistant Professor-26, Consultant-27, ophthalmologists working in NGO-56 and ophthalmologists in private sector-257. Sixty (15%) responded with opinion. In the round-II, 200 (31%) including 60 of round-I, selected randomly but proportionately as before. Forty five (22.5%) responded with opinion. Result collated. The results and opinion of respondents were presented at a workshop attended by 24 (80%), out of 30 invited expert ophthalmic specialists for discussion, criticism, opinion, addition, modification and finally for validation. On the basis of the opinion of the respondents, reviewing literature, analyzing the ocular disease pattern in Bangladesh and also analyzing the present ophthalmology curriculum, a community and need based ophthalmology curriculum for undergraduate medical course in Bangladesh was developed. This research would help developing community and need based ophthalmology curriculum for undergraduate medical course in Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Gonosayastha Somaj Vittik Medical College, Savar & Dhanmondi, Dhaka.
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Rajasekhar L, Khan AK, Narsimulu G. What is your diagnosis? Indian Journal of Rheumatology 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s0973-3698(10)60145-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Abstract
The dematiaceous fungi are a group of pigmented hyphal yeasts best known as agents of chronic skin and subcutaneous infections. Extracutaneous disease is exceptional. We report herewith a case of necrotizing granuloma caused by one member of the group, Cladophialophora bantiana. This organism is fully capable of invading the nervous system of apparently immunocompetent hosts and in many cases does so in the absence of demonstrable foci of extraneural infection. It has also been reported to be the most frequently found causative organism in the central nervous system phaeohyphomycosis. C. bantiana has several older names in the literature including Clodosporium trichoides, C. bantianum and Xylohypha bantiana. Patients require treatment with a combination of medical and surgical therapy. Rarity of the case and the usefulness of a simple diagnostic method such as smear cytology, which lead us to the diagnosis, is highlighted by the report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Deb
- Department of Neurology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata, India.
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Sutradhar SR, Ali L, Khan AK, Siddiqui NI, Sarker CB, Rahman S, Huq MH, Debnath CR. Ketosis resistance in under thirty diabetic subjects. Mymensingh Med J 2004; 13:134-7. [PMID: 15284687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Young onset diabetic subjects in tropical developing countries include a group of subjects who exhibits a characteristic ketosis resistance termed as Malnutrition Related Diabetes Mellitus (MRDM) by the WHO Study Group. The mechanism for this resistance to ketosis is still uncertain. To understand this mechanism we have studied the serum responses of glucose, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) and triglyceride (TG) to intravenous fat emulsion in newly diagnosed 8 fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD) and 11 low insulin secretory (LIS) subjects under 30 years of age along with 27 age-matched Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. Overnight fasting subjects were given a 90 min infusion of intralipos 10% (2.5 mg/kg body weight/min) and serum was collected at 0, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min. The fasting NEFA in the 3 groups were almost similar (micromol/l, M +/- SEM: 486 +/- 58, 564 +/- 76 and 559 +/- 34 in FCPD, LIS and NIDDM respectively). Fasting TG also showed a close similarity among 3 groups (mg/dl, M+/-SEM: 117 +/- 11, 110 +/- 22 and 123 +/- 4 in FCPD, LIS and NIDDM respectively). Intravenous fat caused a steady rise of NEFA as well as TG in all groups during the 90 minutes of infusion followed by a gradual fall. No two groups significantly differed regarding NEFA and TG at any time point. Fasting glucose was markedly higher in FCPD (22.9 +/- 2.5, mmol/l, M+/-SEM) and LIS (20.8 +/- 1.6) than NIDDM (11.0 +/- 1.0). In all the 3 groups glucose showed a slow but steady fall. Fasting C-peptide was very low in FCPD (0.42 +/- 0.08, ng/ml, M +/- SEM) and LIS (0.55 +/- 0.09) whereas it was within normal range in NIDDM patients (2.99 +/- 0.24). The results suggest the following: (a) Depleted body fat store do not lead to a decreased supply of NEFA in FCPD and LIS subjects at the fasting state; (b) Increased supply of NEFA in these subjects lead to a normal esterification response as evidenced by a parallel rise of TG; (c) Inspite of markedly low level of the antilipolytic hormone insulin, FCPD and LIS subjects are capable to maintain NEFA and TG responses similar to NIDDM subjects. This may indicate that factor (s) other than substrate and esterification is (are) probably involved in the ketosis resistance of FCPD and LIS subjects; and (d) Although FCPD and LIS differ regarding generalized pancreatic damage (which raises the possibility of involvement of glucagon producing alpha-cells in the FCPD group) the two groups do not differ regarding the ketogenic substrate and esterfication responses.
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Kumar A, Qiblawi S, Khan AK, Banerjee S, Rao AR. Chemomodulatory action of Brassica compestris (var sarason) on hepatic carcinogen metabolizing enzymes, antioxidant profiles and lipid peroxidation. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2004; 5:190-5. [PMID: 15244524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of two different doses (400 and 800 mg/kg body wt/day for 15 days) of a 95% ethanolic extract of the seeds of Brassica compestris (var sarason) was examined on carcinogen metabolizing phase-I and phase-II enzymes,antioxidant enzymes and glutathione content and lipid peroxidation in the liver of Swiss albino mice. Positive control mice were treated with butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA). Significant elevation in the levels of cytochrome p450 (p<0,.05), cytochrome b5 (p < 0.05) glutathione s-transferase (p<0.01), DT-diaphorase (p<0.05), superoxide dismutase (p<0.01), catalase (p < 0.001) and reduced glutathione (p<0.001) was noted in the group treated with 800 mg/kg body wt. of Brassica extract in comparison with the negative control group. Brassica compestris acted as a bifunctional inducer since it induced both phase - I and phase - H enzyme systems. Since phase-I and phase-II enzymes are considered to be reliable markers for evaluating the chemoprevention efficacy of particular test materials,these findings are suggestive of potential chemopreventive roles for Brassica seed extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- Radiation and Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, India.
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Yohannes P, Puri V, Yi B, Khan AK, Sudan R. Laparoscopy-Assisted Robotic Radical Cystoprostatectomy with Ileal Conduit Urinary Diversion for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Initial Two Cases. J Endourol 2003; 17:729-32. [PMID: 14642031 DOI: 10.1089/089277903770802254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The use of the da Vinci robot is being investigated in the discipline of urologic surgery. We describe our experience with its use during radical cystoprostatectomy in two patients with organ-confined bladder cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion was performed using the da Vinci robot. Both patients were informed about this new approach, and informed consent was obtained. RESULTS There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications. The operative time was 10 and 12 hours. A clear liquid diet was started on the third postoperative day. Final histopathology examination in both patients revealed T(3a)N(0)M(0) transitional-cell carcinoma. The hospital stay was 6 days. Both patients returned to normal activity within 2 weeks. CONCLUSION Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy with ileal conduit urinary diversion for muscle-invasive bladder cancer is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulos Yohannes
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA.
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Qiblawi S, Khan AK, Rao AR, Prashar R, Kumar A. Modulatory influence of Brassica compestris Linn var sarson on phase-II carcinogen metabolizing enzymes and glutathione levels in mice. Indian J Exp Biol 2003; 41:1317-21. [PMID: 15332504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study reports the modulatory influence of 95% ethanolic extract from the seeds of B. compestris on the activity of phase-II enzymes such as glutathione S-transferase (GST), DT-diaphorase (DTD) and reduced glutathione (GSH) level in the skin, lung, kidney and forestomach of the mouse. Oral treatment with the seed extract at 800 mg/kg body wt. for 15 days significantly elevated GST in lung and forestomach and DT-diaphorase in forestomach and skin and GSH level in lung, kidney forestomach and skin. The lower dose 400 mg/kg body wt was effective only in inducing GST and DT-diaphorase activity in forestomach and reduced glutathione level in lung. The findings suggest that B. compestris seed extract may block or suppress the events associated with chemical carcinogenesis at least in part, by inducing metabolic detoxification of the carcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Qiblawi
- Department of Zoology, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad 431 004, India
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25
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Khan AK, Deb S, Ray DK. Temporal bone carcinoma with intradural extension. Neurol India 2003; 51:416-7. [PMID: 14652461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
A case of temporal bone carcinoma having intradural extension is reported. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has been reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Neurosurgery Unit, R. G. Kar Medical College, 1, Kshuiram Bose Rarani, Kolkata - 700004, India
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Khan AK, Deb S, Ray DK, Mandal SN, Mukhopadhaya S, Mandal S. Diffuse neurofibroma of scalp. Neurol India 2002; 50:516-7. [PMID: 12577112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse neurofibroma is an uncommon but distinct variety of neurofibroma, usually affecting trunk, head and neck regions of adolescents and young adults. The clinical features, gross macroscopic and histopathological findings are enunciated and the criteria for instituting the preferred modality of treatment for such lesions has been reviewed, stressing upon the need to exclude the neurofibromatoses preoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Department of Neurosurgery, R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Calcutta - 700 055, India
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Dhar SC, Ansari S, Saha M, Ahmad MM, Rahman MT, Hasan M, Khan AK. Gallstone disease in a rural Bangladeshi community. Indian J Gastroenterol 2001; 20:223-6. [PMID: 11817774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of gallstone disease (GSD) in Bangladesh is not known. We evaluated the prevalence of GSD and its relation with certain factors in a rural community in Bangladesh. METHODS A total of 1332 persons aged 15 years and above from two villages were invited to participate in the study; 1,058 (80%) subjects responded after three invitations. Each subject answered a questionnaire, including demographic features, and underwent an upper abdominal ultrasound examination. RESULTS GSD (current cholelithiasis and history of cholecystectomy) was detected in 5.4% of subjects. The prevalence was higher in women (7.7%) than in men (3.3%; p=0.002) The prevalence rates increased from 0.9% to 10% (p=0.0124) from those aged <30 years to those >50 years. A larger proportion of obese subjects (25/52; 48.1%) had GSD than non-obese subjects (32/1006; 3.2%). Prevalence in low, middle and high socio-economic classes was 1.5%, 5.7% and 13.4%, respectively (p=0.000). A majority (71.9%) of subjects with GSD were asymptomatic. CONCLUSION Approximately 5% of the Bangladeshi rural community evaluated have GSD. Higher age, female gender, presence of obesity and higher socio-economic class were associated with higher prevalence of GSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Dhar
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases, Dhaka Medical College
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Hildebrand P, Bardhan P, Rossi L, Parvin S, Rahman A, Arefin MS, Hasan M, Ahmad MM, Glatz-Krieger K, Terracciano L, Bauerfeind P, Beglinger C, Gyr N, Khan AK. Recrudescence and reinfection with Helicobacter pylori after eradication therapy in Bangladeshi adults. Gastroenterology 2001; 121:792-8. [PMID: 11606492 DOI: 10.1053/gast.2001.28018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS In developing countries where Helicobacter pylori infection is widespread, posttherapeutic recurrence rates may be high. Many of the limited studies available have methodological problems and show varied recurrence rates. We determined late recrudescence rates, true reinfection, and ulcer recurrence. METHODS One hundred five Bangladeshi patients with H. pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease were treated with a triple therapy. Follow-up included 13C-urea breath tests, endoscopy, and biopsy-based tests. In reinfected patients, genomic typing compared pretherapeutic and posttherapeutic strains. RESULTS Recrudescence, associated with nitroimidazole-based treatment, occurred in 15 of 105 patients (14%) within the first 3 months, but only 8 of 105 patients tested positive 4 weeks after therapy ended. True reinfection was diagnosed in 11 of 105 patients between 3 and 18 months after therapy. The annual reinfection rate was 13%, based on a total follow-up of 84.7 patient years. Ulcer relapse occurred in 2 of 15 (13%) recrudescence cases and in 6 of 11 (55%) reinfection cases, but also in 4 of 73 (5%) H. pylori-negative patients. CONCLUSIONS In Bangladesh, late recrudescence of H. pylori after eradication therapy occurs within the first 3 months. The reinfection rate is high and might influence cost-benefit analyses for determining diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hildebrand
- Department of Research, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and the pattern of symptoms and health care seeking behavior of IBS subjects in the rural population in Bangladesh. METHODS This was an observational study to do a positive diagnosis of IBS. A total of 2426 persons > or =15 yr old were interviewed by a predesigned questionnaire based on the Rome criteria. Two villages of a northern district in Bangladesh were included. RESULTS A response of 95.4% yielded 2426 questionnaires for analysis. Mean age of the surveyed sample was 32.3+/-14.2 yr. In total, 1113 (45.9%) were men, and 1313 (54.1%) were women. Farmers and housewives comprised 2058 (84.8%) persons. The apparent prevalence of IBS was 24.4% with a prevalence of 20.6% in men and 27.7% in women. With strict Rome criteria, the overall prevalence was 8.5% (10.7% in women and 5.8% in men). Age was not found to influence the prevalence in either sex. Other than abdominal pain, the most common IBS symptom was altered stool passage (81.1%). Others in order of frequency were passage of mucus with stool (56.8%), abdominal distension (46.2%), altered stool form (46%), and altered stool frequency (18.2%). Spastic colon pain was noted in 339 (57.2%). IBS subjects with more prevalence of colonic symptoms in the nonspastic group. Drinking milk was found to have a little impact on IBS. A total of 35% IBS subjects consulted doctors for symptoms. Age, sex, and number of symptoms did not influence health care seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS IBS is also a problem in rural people in Bangladesh with a prevalence almost identical to most other countries, and only a minority of them seeks health care. Positive diagnosis of IBS can be done by precisely enquiring colonic symptoms in apparently healthy people.
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Miah MA, Rahman MT, Hasan M, Khan AK. Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori among the diabetic population in Bangladesh: a comparative serological study on the newly diagnosed and older diabetics. BANGLADESH MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL BULLETIN 2001; 27:9-18. [PMID: 11692900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
This prospective study was designed to find out the prevalence of H. pylori infection among the diabetic population in Bangladesh with a comparison between the newly diagnosed and older diabetics. For this study 520 diabetic patients: 152 (29%) newly diagnosed and 368 (71%) older diabetics of both sexes (250 male, 270 female) with a mean age of 58.5 +/- 12.04 years (range 10-70 years), were selected randomly from out and in-patient departments of BIRDEM, Dhaka. Mean fasting and 2 hours post load blood glucose level of the studied population was 10.53 +/- 4.08 mmol/L and 18.35 +/- 9.44 mmol/L respectively. The mean duration of the newly diagnosed diabetics was 0.44 +/- 0.35 years (range 2 days-1 year) and 6.78 +/- 5.45 (range 1-30) years for the older diabetics. H. pylori infection was defined as a true positive ELISA test result of > 1.5 standard deviation above the cut-off values of 15 AU/ml for adults and 10 AU/ml for children for anti H. pylori IgG. Of the studied population 441 (84.8%)--132 newly diagnosed and 309 (83.96%) older diabetics were seropositive for H. pylori infection. No significant differences were observed between the newly diagnosed and older diabetics (86.84% Vs 83.96%; p > 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Miah
- Deptt. of Gastrointestinal, Liver and Pancreatic Diseases, BSMMU, Dhaka
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Zargar AH, Masoodi SR, Khan AK, Bashir MI, Laway BA, Wani AI, Dar FA. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance - lack of agreement between the two categories in a North Indian population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2001; 51:145-9. [PMID: 11165694 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(00)00232-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine the relationship between impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in a North Indian population. The data in 5083 subjects studied earlier was reanalyzed by applying new WHO diagnostic criteria. Reanalysis revealed that 305 (6.0%) subjects had diabetes mellitus (198 on the basis of fasting plasma glucose of > or =7.0 mmol/l (> or =126 mg/dl) and an additional 107 based on a 2-h glucose tolerance test), 381 (7.5%) had IFG and 361 (7.1%) had IGT. Of these 361 subjects with IGT, only 99 (27.4%) had impaired fasting glucose whereas 262 (72.6%) had normal fasting glucose of <6.1 mmol/l (<110 mg/dl). Of 381 subjects with IFG, 99 (26%) had IGT where as 282 (74%) had normal 2-hr glucose. We conclude that there is a poor correlation between IGT and IFG.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Zargar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar, Post Box 1098, GPO 190001, J&K, Srinagar, India.
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Zargar AH, Masoodi SR, Laway BA, Khan AK, Wani AI, Bashir MI, Akhtar S. Prevalence of obesity in adults--an epidemiological study from Kashmir Valley of Indian Subcontinent. J Assoc Physicians India 2000; 48:1170-4. [PMID: 11280222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is a health problem in the majority of the developed countries and is emerging as a serious problem in the developing countries. In this study we examined 5083 Kashmiri adults to determine the prevalence of obesity. METHODS In this epidemiological study, after multistage sampling procedure from all the six districts of Kashmir Valley, 5083 Kashmiri adults (males and non-pregnant females of > or = 40 years age) were examined for body mass index (BMI) and waist to hip ratio (WHR). RESULTS Out of 5083 study subjects, 2496 were males and 2587 were females. BMI ranged between 14.6 to 38.5 kg/m2 in males and between 13.6 to 42.6 kg/m2 in females. BMI in females was comparatively more than that in males (23.88 +/- 3.94 Vs 22.30 +/- 3.11, p < 0.001). WHR ranged between 0.68 to 1.16 in males and between 0.65 to 1.16 in females. Again females had comparatively more WHR than their male counterparts (0.935 +/- 0.055 vs 0.926 +/- 0.055, P < 0.001). According to BMI, the overall prevalence of obesity in the study population was 15.01%; the prevalence of obesity in males was 7.01% and in females 23.69%. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that obesity is a growing problem even in developing regions like ours. It is more common in females and in urban population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Zargar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
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Sayeed MA, Hassan MS, Hasan KN, Parvez MA, Khan AY, Salimullah M, Khanam PA, Mahtab H, Khan AK. Genetic background of diabetic and nondiabetic sibs in young Bangladeshis. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2000; 26:69-74. [PMID: 11766001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the young is higher in Bangladesh like other Asian developing nations. Albeit, undernutrition has been shown to be associated with diabetes in the young, not all such individuals are diabetic. Diabetes Mellitus is a multigenic disease. In IDDM, DR3/4 heterozygotes were shown to have a greatly increased risk of developing the disease, suggesting the concept of genetic factor(s) being involved in the development of diabetes. Therefore, this study was undertaken to determine the distribution of HLA class II alleles (DRB) and to identify the HLA associated risk for developing diabetes mellitus in the young Bangladeshis. A total of fifty individuals were investigated. Half of them (n=25) were diabetic patients, registered in BIRDEM and half the participants were their non-diabetic sibs. A genomic DNA PCR and Enzyme Linked Probe Hybridization Assay (ELPHA, Bio-test, Germany) was used to determine HLA class II alleles (DRB1, DRB 3, 4, 5) by in vitro amplification of DRB gene. Among all the sero-equivalent antigens found in the study subjects, the prevalence of DR15 (DR2) was overrepresented, both in the diabetic subjects and in their non-diabetic sibs. Moreover, compared with the non-diabetic group the diabetic patients showed higher frequency of DR15 alleles (39 and 25%) though the difference was not significant (chisq. 1.7, p>0.05). Next to DR15, DR4 was the most prevalent HLA-DRB gene found in the study population. Interestingly, the frequency of DR4 was higher in the diabetic than in the non-diabetic group (20 vs. 14%). The study showed that the DR15 and DR4 were the most prevalent in the study population. Moreover, DR7 though not very significant, was higher in non-diabetic compared to their diabetic sibs. Comparison between the diabetic and non-diabetic sibs could have been interesting and significant but we could not confirm our findings, possibly, due to small sample size. A study in a larger paired sample of unrelated population is also needed to substantiate our findings, and also to prove the susceptibility or resistant haplotype in the young diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sayeed
- Research Division, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Department of Accident and Emergency, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Soura, Srinagar, India
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Hassan Z, Mohan V, McDermott MF, Ali L, Ogunkolade WB, Aganna E, Cassell PG, Deepa R, Khan AK, Hitman GA. Pancreatitis in fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes mellitus is not associated with common mutations in the trypsinogen gene. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2000; 16:454-57. [PMID: 11114105 DOI: 10.1002/1520-7560(2000)9999:9999<::aid-dmrr155>3.0.co;2-k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A distinct type of pancreatitis associated with diabetes, termed fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), has been reported in tropical developing countries including Bangladesh. The molecular basis for autosomal dominant hereditary pancreatitis (HP) has recently been attributed to mutations in exons 2 and 3 of the trypsinogen gene. We have investigated the hypothesis that mutations in the aforementioned exons of this gene might also predispose to FCPD. METHODS Seventy Bangladeshi and 50 South Indian unrelated FCPD patients and seven South Indian families with FCPD probands were studied. Pancreatic calcification was confirmed by abdominal X-ray, ultrasound and/or ERCP. Established mutations of exons 2 and 3 of the trypsinogen gene were studied in these subjects by PCR-RFLP analysis and DNA sequencing. RESULTS The mutations found in hereditary pancreatitis were not observed in this collection of FCPD subjects, and complete DNA sequencing of exons 2 and 3 of the fourth cationic trypsinogen gene also excluded any new mutations. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that chronic pancreatitis of FCPD is unlikely to be caused by common mutations in the trypsinogen gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Hassan
- Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, St Bartholomew's and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, Whitechapel, London E1 1BB, UK
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Abstract
To study autoimmunity among thyroid diseases, 397 thyroid patients (age 30 (13) years; M/F 75/322) from two referral centres in Bangladesh and 94 healthy controls (age 30 (13) years; M/F 24/70) were studied for antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies. Thyroid patients were clinically grouped as suspected autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), non-autoimmune, or indeterminate groups (where no decision could be reached). Antimicrosomal antibody was strongly positive in 19.4% and weakly positive in 7.3% of patients but only 4.3% and 2.1% respectively in the controls (chi(2) = 17.852; p = 0.000) whereas strong and weak positivity were 27.2% and 6. 8% in patients compared with 8.5% and 4.3% respectively in the controls (chi(2) = 16.916; p = 0.000) for antithyroglobulin antibody. Antibodies were positive in 63.0% with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 36.4% with Graves' disease, and 44.7% with atrophic thyroiditis among the autoimmune group. In the non-autoimmune group antibodies were positive in 100% with multinodular hypothyroidism, 46.7% with subacute thyroiditis, 40.0% with suspected iodine deficiency goitre, 31.3% with toxic multinodular goitre, 30.8% with non-toxic solitary nodules, and 19.4% with simple diffuse goitre. None was positive for antimicrosomal antibody without being positive for antithyroglobulin antibody. The two antibodies strongly correlated in both patients (r = 0.977, p = 0.000) and controls (r = 0.986, p = 0.000). About 9% (36/397) of patients were mismatched with the final diagnosis on antibody measurement; most of them had Hashimoto's thyroiditis (33/36). Prevalence of AITD among thyroid patients was 48.36%. Specificity of antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies were 93% and 87%. It was concluded that AITD is not uncommon in Bangladesh; antimicrosomal antibody is a useful marker for AITD and unless antibodies are checked, an appreciable number of patients with AITDs will remain undetected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Hasanat
- Endocrine Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh.
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Khan WI, Sultana R, Rahman M, Akhter H, Haq JA, Ali L, Mohsin MA, Khan AK. Viral hepatitis: recent experiences from serological studies in Bangladesh. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2000; 18:99-103. [PMID: 10928622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Infections due to hepatitis A (HAV), hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis E (HEV) viruses are the major causes of hepatitis and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Bangladesh. The present study was carried out to determine the prevalence of HBsAg, anti-HCV antibody, anti-HAV antibody and anti-HEV antibody in patients suspected of having infection by HBV, HCV, HAV and HEV, respectively. Antibody to HAV was detected in 39% of subjects investigated. HBsAg was identified in 19% of subjects. Antibody to HCV and HEV was detected in 13% and 53% subjects, respectively. Infection with HAV was very high among children < or = 6 years of age (100%). On the contrary, exposure to HEV was higher in adult persons > or => 30 years of age (52%) compared to that in children < or = 6 years of age who had 0% incidence. Our study clearly indicates a high prevalence of those viruses, particularly of enterically transmitted HAV and HEV in Bangladesh, which appeared to be a serious health problem in this developing country. Control measures should be taken on an urgent basis to prevent the spread of infections by these viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- W I Khan
- Department of Immunology, National Diagnostic Network, Panthopath, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Zargar AH, Khan AK, Masoodi SR, Laway BA, Wani AI, Bashir MI, Dar FA. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in the Kashmir Valley of the Indian subcontinent. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2000; 47:135-46. [PMID: 10670914 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(99)00110-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional population survey was undertaken to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in subjects aged 40 years or more in Kashmir Valley, India. The study was carried out in two phases. In phase one, 6091 randomly selected subjects, 40 years or older, from all six districts of the valley were surveyed for prevalence of known diabetes mellitus. In phase two, 5083 subjects, 40 years or older, were screened with oral glucose tolerance test for prevalence of undiagnosed (asymptomatic) diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance. Abnormalities of carbohydrate intolerance were determined as recommended by WHO. Of 6091 subjects interviewed, 115 were known cases of diabetes mellitus with an overall prevalence of 1.89% (1.98% in males and 1.77% in females). Results of glucose tolerance test revealed that mean fasting as well as mean 2 h blood glucose was significantly more in females as compared to males (4.68+/-0.91 and 6.40+/-2.12 vs. 4.49+/-0.96 and 5.94+/-2.03 mmol/l, respectively, P < 0.0001). Of 5083 subjects who were subjected to glucose tolerance test (GTT), 627 (12.34%) had an abnormal test; with 411 (8.09%) having impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 216 (4.25%) having diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of IGT as well as of diabetes was significantly more in females as compared to males (P < 0.001). Subjects who had family history of diabetes had a significantly higher prevalence of abnormal GTT. Prevalence of known diabetes as well as that of abnormal GTT steadily increased with age, with a highest prevalence in the age group of > or = 70 years (P < 0.001). Obese subjects had a significantly higher basal as well as 2 h blood glucose in males as well as in females. Subjects with diabetes on GTT had a higher waist/hip ratio. Overall the prevalence of diabetes as well as IGT was significantly higher in the urban population. We conclude that 1.89% of the general population have known diabetes, 4.25% have undiagnosed diabetes and 8.09% have impaired glucose tolerance test; making the total load of abnormal glucose tolerance 14.23% in Kashmir Valley. In subjects greater than 40 years of age having a family history of diabetes, obesity, higher age (50 years or above), female sex, and urban origin have more chance (odds ratio: 4.65, 2.30, 1.87, 1.49 and 1.16, respectively) of developing abnormal glucose tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Zargar
- Department of Endocrinology, Sheri-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, India
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Abstract
The cost-effectiveness of home monitoring of blood glucose (HMBG) in Type-2 diabetes in a developing country was evaluated. A total of 64 uncomplicated Type-2 diabetic individuals of higher middle class to rich socio-economic status were studied. Thirty-two were allocated to conventional monthly hospital visits group-I (Gr-I) and 32 to HMBG with hospital visits at 3 monthly intervals group-II (Gr-II). In Gr-I, compared to baseline, HbA1c values decreased by 0.76% (95% CI 0.11-1.42) after 9 months and by 0.95% (95% CI 0.12-1.77) after 15 months but lost significance after 18 months follow-up. On the other hand, in Gr-II patients, HbA1c decreased significantly from baseline from 3 months and remained so at 18 months when it was decreased by 1.37% (95% CI 0.25-2.49). Hypoglycaemic episodes per patient year follow-up were significantly lower among Gr-II patients (0.172 vs. 0.354, P = 0.03). Considering the cost for conveyance, wage loss, investigation, institutional cost, glucometer and test strips, the total cost per patient was quite similar in both groups. The present study suggests that HMBG with proper diabetes education may be cost-effective at least in selected groups of individuals with Type-2 diabetes, even in a developing country such as Bangladesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- M G Kibriya
- Research Division, BIRDEM, Diabetic Association of Bangladesh, Dhaka.
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Khan LA, Alam AM, Ali L, Goswami A, Hassan Z, Sattar S, Banik NG, Khan AK. Serum and urinary magnesium in young diabetic subjects in Bangladesh. Am J Clin Nutr 1999; 69:70-3. [PMID: 9925125 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/69.1.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnesium imbalance, implicated in diabetes mellitus both as a cause and a consequence, has not yet been investigated in subgroups of subjects with malnutrition-related diabetes mellitus. which is prevalent in young patients in tropical developing countries such as Bangladesh. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the serum and urinary magnesium concentrations in groups of young diabetic subjects in Bangladesh. DESIGN Forty patients newly diagnosed with diabetes [13 with fibrocalculus pancreatic diabetes (FCPD), 13 with protein-deficient diabetes (PDDM), and 14 with type 2 diabetes mellitus] were studied along with 13 healthy control and 13 malnourished control subjects [body mass index (in kg/m2) < 19]. Magnesium was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RESULTS Malnutrition itself was not related to the serum glucose (fasting: 3.68+/-0.74 and 4.11+/-0.29 mmol/L; postprandial: 6.30+/-0.41 and 6.00+/-0.24 mmol/L for healthy and malnourished control subjects, respectively) or serum or urinary magnesium (serum: 0.73+/-0.03 and 0.75+/-0.05 mmol/L: urinary: 232+/-124 and 243+/-88 mmol Mg/mol creatinine for healthy and malnourished control subjects, respectively) concentration. Subjects with FCPD and PDDM had significantly lower serum magnesium concentrations (PDDM: 0.68+/-0.06 mmol/L, FCPD: 0.66+/-0.07 mmol/L) than those in both control groups. In contrast with 0% of healthy and 7.7% of malnourished control subjects, 42.85% of type 2 diabetic subjects, 61.54% of those with PDDM, and 69.23% of those with FCPD were hypomagnesemic. Subjects with FCPD and PDDM had significantly higher urinary excretion of magnesium than the healthy and malnourished control subjects and the type 2 diabetic subjects. Hypermagnesuria paralleled hypomagnesemia. CONCLUSIONS Malnutrition may not itself give rise to glucose intolerance, and serum magnesium deficiency seems to be a consequence rather than a cause of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Khan
- Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Dhaka
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Rumi MA, Begum K, Hassan MS, Hasan SM, Azam MG, Hasan KN, Shirin M, Khan AK. Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in pregnant women attending a public hospital for delivery: implication for vaccination strategy in Bangladesh. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1998; 59:318-22. [PMID: 9715954 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1998.59.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Routine antenatal hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) screening and immunization of risk babies is very effective in preventing perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV). We studied 1,800 parturients attending a public hospital to assess the rationale for such vaccination in Bangladesh. In one in every 29 deliveries (63 of 1,800 or 3.5%), the mother was found to be HBsAg positive. All were asymptomatic and many (41 of 63 or 65%) without risk factors would remain undetected if HBsAg screening were performed on selected groups. Most of the HBsAg-positive mothers (54 of 63 or 85.7%) were found to be chronic carriers and 30.2% (19 of 63) were also hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive, indicating high infectivity. Although 23 cord blood were positive for HBsAg or HBeAg, none were positive for IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc), suggesting transplacental transmission of the antigens rather than intrauterine infection. These findings are discussed in relation to the cost-effectiveness of routine prenatal screening and immunization of risk babies compared with universal infant immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Rumi
- Department of Immunology, Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders, Dhaka
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Sayeed MA, Banu A, Malek MA, Khan AK. Blood pressure and coronary heart disease in NIDDM subjects at diagnosis: prevalence and risks in a Bangladeshi population. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 1998; 39:147-55. [PMID: 9597385 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-8227(98)00004-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Overall obesity and central fat distribution are frequently accompanied by hyperglycemia, hypertension (HTN) and coronary heart disease (CHD) observed in developed nations and in South Asian migrants. This study attempts to estimate the prevalence of CHD and HTN and to assess the related risks among the newly diagnosed diabetics in the developing communities. From a total of 3583 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) subjects, the authors investigated 693 (M = 295, F = 398) randomly selected non-smokers of age 30-60 years. WHO diagnostic criteria were used for NIDDM and IGT. Systolic and diastolic hypertension (sHTN and dHTN) were defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) > or = 140 and diastolic (DBP) > or = 90 mmHg. Diagnosis of CHD was based on electrocardiogram either on rest or on stress or both when equivocal. The overall prevalence of CHD in the NIDDM subjects was 18.6%. The prevalence rates of sHTN and dHTN were 23.2 and 13.6%, respectively. CHD and HTN did not differ significantly between male and female and between urban and rural subjects. CHD prevalence was significantly higher in the higher tertiles of age, SBP and DBP (P < 0.001, for all cases). Logistic regression showed that only the increasing age, high waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and high BP were the independent risks for CHD. For sHTN, the independent risks were increased age and high body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2). Regardless of sex and area, increased prevalence of CHD and HTN were found in the newly diagnosed diabetic subjects. Increased age, central obesity and HTN were the independent risks for CHD while advancing age and overall obesity was related to sHTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sayeed
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, BIRDEM (Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders), Dhaka.
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Khan AK, Ikezoe J, Takeuchi N, Yoshida S, Johkoh T, Ichikado K, Arisawa J, Nakamura H. Detectability of mediastinal lines on chest radiograph in adult Japanese population: conventional versus digital chest radiograph. Nihon Igaku Hoshasen Gakkai Zasshi 1998; 58:12-7. [PMID: 9493428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A K Khan
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Medical School
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Ahmad MM, Rahman M, Rumi AK, Islam S, Huq F, Chowdhury MF, Jinnah F, Morshed MG, Hassan MS, Khan AK, Hasan M. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in asymptomatic population--a pilot serological study in Bangladesh. J Epidemiol 1997; 7:251-4. [PMID: 9465552 DOI: 10.2188/jea.7.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological reports reveal that H. pylori is distributed among all population in the world. The present cross-sectional study was undertaken to see the H. pylori seroprevalence rates among the asymptomatic adults, as yet reportedly no such data available in Bangladesh. Serum samples were collected from 181 consecutive subjects who attended at the health check-up centre of Bangladesh Institute of Diabeties, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Dhaka, during the period of August to November 1995 for medical check up. The mean age of these subjects was 30.33 years (range 20-44 yrs). Incidentally all were male and belonged to average socioeconomic class. H. pylori specific IgG antibody level was assayed by an enzyme immunoassay kit ElAgen (Clone system). Among the 181 subjects, 166 (92%) had H. pylori specific antibodies and 15 (8%) were seronegative. No significant difference (p < 0.90) in seroprevalence rates was observed among different age groups. However, the results of higher seroprevalence rates of H. pylori infection in these asymptomatic adult population of Bangladesh are consistent with that of Africa and India.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Ahmad
- Endoscopy unit, Dhaka Medical College, Bangladesh
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King HK, Khan AK, Wooten DJ. Translaryngeal guided intubation in the airway of a patient with acute gastrointestinal hemorrhage. Am J Emerg Med 1997; 15:324-6. [PMID: 9149002 DOI: 10.1016/s0735-6757(97)90030-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Haq SA, Rahman MT, Hasan M, Khan AK. Predictors of duodenal ulcer healing in sucralfate treated patients. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 1996; 22:65-9. [PMID: 9103658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of sucralfate in promoting duodenal ulcer healing and to assess the value of some variables in predicting outcome of such therapy. Following variables were tested for predicting the outcome: age at onset, age at presentation, duration of symptoms, sex, periodicity, smoking, nocturnal pain, relief by food, relief by antacid, gastric stasis like symptoms, associated irritable bowel syndrome, site, size and number of ulcers and degree of deformity of bulb. Sixty patients with uncomplicated DU confirmed at endoscopy were treated with sucralfate one gram before three major meals and 1 g at bedtime for two months. Endoscopy was repeated at the end of the trial. There were four drop-outs. Complete, partial and no healing occurred in 45 (80.36)%, 3 (5.36%) and 8 (14.28%) subjects. Ulcer healing rate was higher in those without gross bulbar deformity (41/46) than in those with gross deformity (4/10), (Odd's ratio 12.3, 95% ci 1.98 to 78.44). Other variables were not found to be associated with ulcer healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Haq
- Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Postgraduate Medicine and Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Biswas A, Dey SK, Banerjee AK, Roy S, Biswas PK, Chowdhury GK, Khan AK, Mitra KK, Chatterjee SS, Maity AK. Low-dose amiodarone in severe chronic heart failure. Indian Heart J 1996; 48:361-4. [PMID: 8908821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death is a common cause of mortality in patients with congestive heart failure. Asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia has been attributed as the cause for increased overall mortality in such patients. We conducted a prospective randomised single-blind placebo-controlled trial with low-dose amiodarone to assess its efficacy in reducing mortality in severe congestive heart failure and its effect on exercise tolerance, left ventricular systolic function and ventricular ectopic activity. Patients were randomised to receive amiodarone (n = 36) 400 mg/day orally for one month followed by a maintenance dose of 200 mg/day, or to a standard treatment (n = 40) according to intention-to-treat principle. There were 10 cardiac deaths in the amiodarone-treated group and 16 in the control group. Significant improvement was noted in exercise time in the treadmill test (modified Bruce Protocol) among patients in the amiodarone-treated group while no such statistical difference was detectable in the placebo group. Side-effects in the amiodarone group included asymptomatic rise in hepatic enzymes (three-fold) in 6 percent and proarrhythmia in 3 percent of patients. Nausea was reported in one patient and rash in one. Though low-dose amiodarone proved to be an effective antiarrhythmic agent, it failed to live up to the expectation of improving sudden cardiac death in patients with severe chronic heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular ectopy.
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MESH Headings
- Amiodarone/administration & dosage
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/administration & dosage
- Chronic Disease
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/epidemiology
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology
- Death, Sudden, Cardiac/prevention & control
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Exercise Tolerance
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Heart Failure/complications
- Heart Failure/drug therapy
- Heart Failure/physiopathology
- Humans
- Incidence
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prospective Studies
- Single-Blind Method
- Survival Rate
- Tachycardia, Ventricular/complications
- Tachycardia, Ventricular/drug therapy
- Tachycardia, Ventricular/physiopathology
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- A Biswas
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Calcutta
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Biswas A, Banerjee AK, Roy S, Khan AK, Haldar B, Roychowdhuri GK, Chatterjee SS, Maity AK. Eye changes in non-specific aorto-arteritis. J Indian Med Assoc 1996; 94:17, 20. [PMID: 8776035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-specific aorto-arteritis or Takayasu's arteritis is fairly common and has been reported from all parts of India. The disease presents with various eye symptoms such as transient or permanent blindness, headache and signs including neovascularisation, retinal anastomosis, rubeosis iridis, cataracts. Eye manifestations depend on stage of disease and degree of involvement of cervical arteries. This review consists of an indepth impression of eye involvement in non-specific aorto-arteritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Biswas
- Department of Cardiology, IPGME & R and SSKM Hospital, Calcutta
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King HK, Huntington C, Khan AK. Blind nasal intubation is not performed blindly. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995; 23:260. [PMID: 7793617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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King HK, Huntington C, Khan AK. Difficult intubation in a patient with thoracic trauma. Anaesthesia 1995; 50:371-2. [PMID: 7747868 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.1995.tb04629.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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