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Abstract
Patients with chronic diseases manifesting in childhood, such as type 1 diabetes, need to make an optimal transition from pediatric to adult medical care. This or transitionis a challenge for patients and their treatment teams, since metabolic control is often unstable at this time of life. Additional factors like the social environment, as well as concomitant diseases, also need to be taken into account and often represent hurdles to optimal therapy. Transition is an important process to guarantee good self-management of diabetes therapy and good outcomes in the long term. This review provides an overview and recommendations on the topic of transition in diabetes.
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Hypothyroidism during second-line treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a prospective study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 20:876-81. [PMID: 27287638 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.15.0692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING Hypothyroidism is an adverse effect of certain anti-tuberculosis drugs. DESIGN This is a prospective study of the frequency and possible pathomechanisms associated with hypothyroidism due to second-line treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Fifty human immunodeficiency virus negative patients and 20 controls were included. All participants underwent ultrasonography of the thyroid and measurement of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH levels were checked every 3 months. If hypothyroidism was present, T3, T4 and thyroid peroxidase autoantibodies were measured, and imaging extended to scintigraphy and repeated ultrasonography. RESULTS Before treatment, 7 patients (14%) and 1 control (5%) were hypothyreotic. During the first 6 months of treatment, TSH levels increased in 41 patients (82%), 39 (78%) had values above the normal range and 19 (38%) had overt hypothyroidism. As none of the patients had signs of autoimmune thyroiditis, interaction with anti-tuberculosis drugs was assumed to be the cause of hypothyroidism. Nine patients died during treatment, all of whom had developed hypothyroidism. In seven, the metabolic situation at their death was known, and they had become euthyreotic following levothyroxine substitution. CONCLUSION TSH levels should be checked before initiating anti-tuberculosis treatment and after 3 and 6 months to start timely replacement of levothyroxine. Further studies are needed to elucidate the exact pathomechanism involved in hypothyroidism and whether hypothyroidism can be used as predictor of treatment failure.
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Häufigkeit von Diabetes mellitus in einem Universitätsklinikum der Maximalversorgung: Folgen für Screening und Behandlung. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1601584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Praxisempfehlungen der Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-116348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Orale Antidiabetika bei herzkranken Patienten. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-104601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Empagliflozin – Insulinunabhängige Kontrolle der Glykämieparameter bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 durch Inhibition des Natrium-Glukose-Cotransporters SGLT2. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1566963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Praxisempfehlungen der Deutschen Diabetes Gesellschaft. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Praxisempfehlungen DDG/DGIM. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Empagliflozin – Insulinunabhängige Kontrolle der Glykämieparameter bei Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 durch Inhibition des Natrium-Glukose-Cotransporters SGLT2. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-107247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Kardiovaskuläre Studien-Endpunkte bei Typ-2-Diabetes und die Sulfonylharnstoff-Kontroverse: Rationale für die aktiv kontrollierte CAROLINA®-Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Optionen zur Intensivierung einer Basalinsulintherapie bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1553048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Treatment escalation options for patients with type 2 diabetes after failure of exenatide twice daily or glimepiride added to metformin: results from the prospective European Exenatide (EUREXA) study. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:689-98. [PMID: 25846577 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate third-line thiazolidinedione (TZD) or glimepiride therapy in patients inadequately controlled on metformin + exenatide twice daily, and third-line exenatide twice daily in patients inadequately controlled on metformin + glimepiride. METHODS In this randomized, open-label, multicentre trial, 144 patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled [glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) >9% (75 mmol/mol) after 3 months' treatment or >7% (53 mmol/mol) at two consecutive visits 3 months apart, after 6 months' treatment] on metformin + exenatide twice daily were re-randomized to add-on TZD or glimepiride, and 166 patients inadequately controlled on metformin + glimepiride received add-on exenatide twice daily. Changes in HbA1c, body mass index (BMI), lipids, hypoglycaemia and vital signs were evaluated. RESULTS The median duration of triple therapy was ∼2 years. In patients inadequately controlled on metformin + exenatide twice daily, add-on TZD decreased HbA1c levels significantly better than add-on glimepiride: 130-week difference 0.48% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.19-0.77] or 5.2 mmol/mol (95% CI 2.1-8.4; p = 0.001), but with significantly increased BMI and systolic blood pressure. The ratio of documented symptomatic (blood glucose ≤70 mg/dl [3.9 mmol/l]) hypoglycaemia rates for add-on glimepiride to add-on TZD was 8.48 (p < 0.0001). Add-on exenatide twice daily after metformin + glimepiride significantly reduced HbA1c levels: mean [standard deviation (s.d.)] change from baseline -0.35 (0.89)% [-3.8 (9.7) mmol/mol] and BMI: mean (s.d.) change from baseline -0.82 (1.9) kg/m(2) at 130 weeks, with a slightly increased rate of documented symptomatic hypoglycaemia from metformin + glimepiride (ratio 1.49). CONCLUSIONS TZD, but not glimepiride, was an effective and well tolerated third-line therapy in patients without glycaemic control after long-term therapy with metformin + exenatide twice daily. Exenatide twice daily was an effective and well tolerated third-line therapy in patients inadequately controlled on metformin + glimepiride.
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Glucagon-like peptide 1 beeinflusst die zentralnervöse Verarbeitung von Essensreizen bei schlanken und übergewichtigen Menschen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Inkretin-basierte Therapie: ein ergänzender Therapieansatz bei Patienten mit Typ-1-Diabetes? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1399251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Regardless of the degree of glycaemic control, linagliptin has lower hypoglycaemia risk than all doses of glimepiride, at all time points, over the course of a 2-year trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:276-84. [PMID: 25425502 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the risk of documented hypoglycaemia with glimepiride versus linagliptin. METHODS This was an exploratory analysis of data from a 2-year, randomized, double-blind study of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor linagliptin 5 mg once daily (n = 764) versus the sulphonylurea glimepiride 1-4 mg once daily (n = 755) in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled by metformin. Patients randomized to glimepiride started on 1 mg and after 4 weeks were allowed to be individually uptitrated stepwise to glimepiride 4 mg if a fasting plasma glucose concentration ≤6.1 mmol/l was not achieved. Investigator-reported hypoglycaemia was evaluated by dose, over time, and by the degree of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction. RESULTS The percentages of patients with at least one hypoglycaemic event at the individual maximum glimepiride dose were: 1 mg, 45.0%; 2 mg, 50.8%; 3 mg, 36.1%; and 4 mg, 27.7%. The incidence of hypoglycaemia was higher with glimepiride than with linagliptin (36.1 vs. 7.5%; p < 0.0001); after performing sensitivity analyses by excluding events during dose escalation (weeks 0-16), this difference remained significant (weeks 16-104: 25.8 vs. 5.9%; p < 0.0001). Notably, the incidence of hypoglycaemia was higher with glimepiride than with linagliptin in each quartile of HbA1c change from baseline (all p < 0.0001); the incidence of hypoglycaemic episodes was not increased with greater reductions in HbA1c in either group. In all 4-week intervals across the 2-year study, the incidence of hypoglycaemia was lower with linagliptin than with glimepiride. CONCLUSION Linagliptin was associated with a lower risk of hypoglycaemia than glimepiride at all dose levels and time intervals, and regardless of change in HbA1c level.
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Initial combination of linagliptin and metformin compared with linagliptin monotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and marked hyperglycaemia: a randomized, double-blind, active-controlled, parallel group, multinational clinical trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2015; 17:136-44. [PMID: 25298165 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate glucose-lowering treatment strategies with linagliptin and metformin in people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and marked hyperglycaemia, a prevalent population for which few dedicated studies of oral antidiabetes drugs have been conducted. METHODS A total of 316 patients, with type 2 diabetes diagnosed for ≤12 months and with glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration in the range 8.5-12.0%, were randomized 1:1 to double-blind, free-combination treatment with linagliptin 5 mg once daily and metformin twice daily (uptitrated to 2000 mg/day maximum) or to linagliptin monotherapy. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c concentration from baseline at week 24 (per-protocol completers' cohort: n = 245). RESULTS The mean (standard deviation) age and HbA1c at baseline were 48.8 (11.0) years and 9.8 (1.1)%, respectively. At week 24, the mean ± standard error (s.e.) HbA1c decreased from baseline by -2.8 ± 0.1% with linagliptin/metformin and -2.0 ± 0.1% with linagliptin; a treatment difference of -0.8% (95% confidence interval -1.1 to -0.5; p <0.0001). Similar results were observed in a sensitivity analysis based on intent-to-treat principles: adjusted mean ± s.e. changes in HbA1c of -2.7 ± 0.1% and -1.8 ± 0.1%, respectively; treatment difference of -0.9% (95% CI -1.3 to -0.6; p <0.0001). A treatment response of HbA1c <7.0% was achieved by 61 and 40% of patients in the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively. Few patients experienced drug-related adverse events (8.8 and 5.7% of patients in the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively). Hypoglycaemia occurred in 1.9 and 3.2% of patients in the linagliptin/metformin and linagliptin groups, respectively (no severe episodes). Body weight decreased significantly with the combination therapy (-1.3 kg between-group difference; p =0.0033). CONCLUSIONS Linagliptin in initial combination with metformin in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and marked hyperglycaemia, an understudied group, elicited significant improvements in glycaemic control with a low incidence of hypoglycaemia, weight gain or other adverse effects. These results support early combination treatment strategies and suggest that newly diagnosed patients with marked hyperglycaemia may be effectively managed with oral, non-insulin therapy.
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Praxisempfehlungen DDG/DGIM. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Type II diabetes and its therapy in clinical practice - results from the standardised non-interventional registry SIRTA. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:1442-53. [PMID: 25298194 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND METHODS Modern antidiabetic therapies should achieve low HbA1c values and avoid hypoglycaemic complications. The registry SIRTA included 1522 patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) from 306 German medical practices. Patients had an HbA1c > 6.5% under the maximum tolerated metformin dose. If required, they received combination therapy with other antidiabetics according to the guideline of the German Diabetes Society [Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft (DDG)] or usual medical practice. Patients were followed up for 6 months. The target criteria included the achievement of HbA1c target values and the emergence of severe hypoglycaemic episodes. RESULTS Most patients (64.0%) were planned to achieve an HbA1c target < 6.5%, the standard target recommended by the 2009 DDG guideline valid throughout the registry. Primarily to reduce the individual risk for hypoglycaemia, 32.4% of patients had a less strict HbA1c-target of 6.5-7.0%. These targets were achieved by 31.3% and 44.3% of patients, respectively. Combination therapies increased from 45% to 56% over the 6 months registry. Four patients had severe hypoglycaemias (0.26%). CONCLUSIONS The registry confirms results from other epidemiologic studies on the therapy of T2DM in everyday practice. The treatment strategies applied effectively reduced blood glucose and avoided severe hypoglycaemias. An early therapy of insufficiently controlled patients with T2DM is important, as lower baseline values facilitated achieving HbA1c targets.
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11C-methionine PET/CT after inconclusive 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT for localisation of parathyroid adenomas in primary hyperparathyroidism. Nuklearmedizin 2014; 54:26-30. [PMID: 25427653 DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0686-14-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the efficacy of PET/CT with 11C-methionine for localizing parathyroid adenomas in patients with suspected primary hyperparathyroidism and inconclusive results of cervical ultrasonography and 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT. PATIENTS, METHOD Retrospective analysis of imaging data of 18 patients and correlation with clinical outcome, in particular intraoperative findings and histopathology of excised tissue. RESULTS 12 of 18 patients received surgery. In 10 patients single parathyroid adenomas were found (diameter: 5-20 mm), 2 patients presented parathyroid hyperplasia (5 excised hyperplastic glands (diameter: 2-12 mm). PET/CT correctly localized all adenomas and 1 of 5 hyperplastic glands. The sensitivity per patient was 91.7% (11 of 12), the sensitivity per lesion 73.3% (11 of 15). All lesions missed by PET/CT had a size smaller than 9 mm and a volume of less than 0.2 ml. In 6 patients no surgery was performed. Five of them had a negative or atypical PET/CT. Further follow-up indicated familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia in 3 of them (thus, PET/CT true negative), in the remaining 2 patients no validation is available. One patient with 2 highly suggestive lesions rejected surgery so far. CONCLUSION PET/CT with 11C-methionine is a very sensitive method for the detection of parathyroid adenomas, even if they are too small to be visualized by 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT/CT.
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Stellenwert der Insulinanaloga bei der Therapie von Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2014; 139:2199-203. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1387263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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The extra-pancreatic effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists: a focus on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and central nervous systems. Diabetes Obes Metab 2014; 16:673-88. [PMID: 24373150 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) exenatide, liraglutide and lixisenatide have been shown to improve glycaemic control and beta-cell function with a low risk of hypoglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes. GLP-1 receptors are also expressed in extra-pancreatic tissues and trial data suggest that GLP-1RAs also have effects beyond their glycaemic actions. Preclinical studies using native GLP-1 or GLP-1RAs provide substantial evidence for cardioprotective effects, while clinical trial data have shown beneficial actions on hypertension and dyslipidaemia in people with type 2 diabetes. Significant weight loss has been reported with GLP-1RAs in both people with type 2 diabetes and obese people without diabetes. GLP-1RAs also slow down gastric emptying, but preclinical data suggest that the main mechanism behind GLP-1RA-induced weight loss is more likely to involve their effects on appetite signalling in the brain. GLP-1RAs have also been shown to exert a neuroprotective role in rodent models of stroke, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. These extra-pancreatic effects of GLP-1RAs could provide multi-factorial benefits to people with type 2 diabetes. Potential adverse effects of GLP-1RA treatment are usually manageable but may include gastrointestinal effects, increased heart rate and renal injury. While extensive further research is still required, early data suggest that GLP-1RAs may also have the potential to favourably impact cardiovascular disease, obesity or neurological disorders in people without diabetes in the future.
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Prevalence of pathological urine findings in spontaneous office-based samples of type 2 diabetes patients with and without CKD. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Regardless of the degree of glycemic control, Linagliptin (LINA) has lower hypoglycemia risk than all doses of Glimepiride (GLIM), at all timeg points over a 2-year trial. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Erratum:Praxisempfehlungen DDG/DGIM. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1356348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Moderne Diabetestherapie im Spannungsfeld der Gesundheitspolitik: Forderungen der DDG zur Optimierung des AMNOG-Prozesses. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1356314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Praxisempfehlungen DDG/DGIM. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1356099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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[Insulin degludec--a new basal insulin for the treatment of type 1 and type 2 diabetes]. MMW Fortschr Med 2013; 155 Suppl 3:76-82. [PMID: 24930317 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-013-2186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
After subcutaneous injection, IDeg self-associates to form multihexamer chains that slowly dissociate into monomers. This results in a duration of action of more than 42 hours as well as a smooth level action profile with low intra-individual variability. Pharmacokinetic studies foun IDeg to have a half-life of approximately 25 hours which is considerably longer than that from other current insulin formulations. Based on these properties, IDeg demonstrated low risk for nocturnal hypoglycaemic events in the clinical study program. Concurrently, phase 3 studies have provided evidence for a non-inferior glucose lowering effect when compared to other currently available basal insulin formulations. Moreover, the long duration of action suggests a flexible handling which could be better adapted to patients' needs in daily routine. This article gives an overview of the mechanism of action of IDeg and the latest results from phase 2 and phase 3 studies.
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Praxisempfehlungen DDG/DGIM. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Die Therapie der Hypertonie, Dyslipidämie und Plättchenaggregation bei Menschen mit Typ 2 Diabetes in Deutschland. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Linagliptin ist im Vergleich zu Glimepirid effektiver im Erreichen des kombinierten Endpunktes aus HbA1c-Ziel ohne Hypoglykämien und ohne Gewichtszunahme über den Zeitraum von 2 Jahren bei leicht hyperglykämischen Patienten mit Typ 2 Diabetes und Metformin-Therapie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Ansteigendes Glukagon während des oralen Glukosetoleranztests ist mit höherer Insulinsensitivität und niedrigerem Leberfettgehalt vergesellschaftet. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Antidiabetische Therapie bei Menschen mit Typ-2-Diabetes unterschiedlicher Altersgruppen in Deutschland. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1341680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Linagliptin is more effective than glimepiride at achieving a composite outcome of target HbA₁c < 7% with no hypoglycaemia and no weight gain over 2 years. Int J Clin Pract 2013; 67:317-21. [PMID: 23521323 DOI: 10.1111/ijcp.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Linagliptin treatment for 104 weeks was recently reported to achieve non-inferior glucose-lowering effects compared with glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin. Additional analyses from this randomised, active-controlled, double-blind trial have been performed in individuals completing the study on study drug without requiring rescue therapy. In this population, significantly more patients receiving linagliptin achieved HbA1c < 7% without hypoglycaemia and without body weight gain after 2 years compared with those receiving glimepiride (54% and 23%, respectively; odds ratio of 3.9, 95% confidence interval 2.6-5.7, p < 0.0001).
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Improved glycaemic control with vildagliptin added to insulin, with or without metformin, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2013; 15:252-7. [PMID: 23039321 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2012] [Revised: 08/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin 50 mg bid as add-on therapy to insulin in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS This is a multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel group, clinical trial in T2DM patients inadequately controlled by stable insulin therapy, with or without metformin. Patients received treatment with vildagliptin 50 mg bid or placebo for 24 weeks. RESULTS In all, 449 patients were randomized to vildagliptin (n = 228) or placebo (n = 221). After 24 weeks, the difference in adjusted mean change in haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) between vildagliptin and placebo was -0.7 ± 0.1% (p < 0.001) in the overall study population, -0.6 ± 0.1% (p < 0.001) in the subgroup also receiving metformin and -0.8 ± 0.2% (p < 0.001) in the subgroup without metformin. Vildagliptin therapy was well tolerated and had a similarly low incidence of hypoglycaemia compared with placebo (8.4 vs. 7.2%, p = 0.66) in spite of improved glycaemic control, and was not associated with weight gain. (+0.1 vs. -0.4 kg). CONCLUSIONS Vildagliptin 50 mg bid added to insulin significantly reduced HbA1c in patients with T2DM inadequately controlled by insulin, with or without metformin. Vildagliptin was well tolerated, with a safety profile similar to placebo. These results were achieved without weight gain or an increase in hypoglycaemia incidence or severity in spite of improved glycaemic control.
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Deutsche Stoffwechselakademie - Ein Forum für den wissenschaftlichen Austausch zwischen Diabetologen und Kardiologen: Lebensstilmodifikation zur Prävention des Typ-2-Diabetes und der koronaren Herzkrankheit. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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A model case of a positive outcome in super-super obesity. Clin Obes 2013; 3:51-5. [PMID: 25586391 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Revised: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
For an increasing number of obese patients, bariatric surgery is considered as the treatment of choice after the failure of conventional strategies. While numerous studies on bariatric surgery have shown substantial health benefits, there is a broad inter-individual variation in the long-term outcome, which is insufficiently understood. Here we show a favourable long-term outcome following multidisciplinary care in a super-super-obese patient. The patient suffered from numerous typically obesity-associated comorbidities and limitations. He underwent multidisciplinary care including two-step bariatric intervention. Endoscopic intragastric balloon positioning was followed by gastric sleeve surgery without Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. His body weight dropped from 260 kg (body mass index [BMI] 79.4 kg m(-2) ) to 85 kg (BMI 25.9 kg m(-2) ) within 16 months and continued to be stable at 90 kg (BMI 27.8 kg m(-2) ) at the end of the follow-up period of 48 months. The loss of excess body weight was associated with the remission of numerous obesity-related comorbidities and with a concomitant pronounced increase in the quality of life and in the socioeconomic status. Eventually, the patient was able to lead a normal life with a decreased risk of long-term complications. We attribute the positive long-term outcome to the following potential determinants: individualized bariatric surgery, multidisciplinary care, the patient's long-term compliance, adequate adherence to the aftercare, physical exercise after surgery, family support, the cooperation of the primary care physician and the financial coverage by the health insurance. Some of these factors remain to be evaluated as predictors of a favourable long-term outcome in prospective trials.
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Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes im klinischen Alltag – Ergebnisse aus einem standardisierten nicht interventionellen Register (SIRTA). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2*. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1325582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Behandlungsstrategien des Typ 2 Diabetes in der Hausarztpraxis - Ergebnisse einer repräsentativen bundesweiten Erhebung. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Behandlung kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren bei Menschen mit Typ 2 Diabetes in Deutschland - eine repräsentative Analyse. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Fehlende Anpassung der Diabetestherapie an die eingeschränkte Nierenfunktion - Daten aus 245 repräsentativ ausgewählten Hausarztpraxen. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Synergien nutzen: Insulin plus GLP-1-Rezeptoragonisten - innovative Therapiestrategie mit Zukunft? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1313120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Prävalenz der chronischen Nierenerkrankung bei Menschen mit Typ 2 Diabetes in Deutschland - Ergebnisse einer bundesweiten repräsentativen Erhebung. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS We report on a patient with relapse of Graves' disease and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). In the light of thrombocytopenia, thyroidectomy could not be performed. INVESTIGATIONS Cytologic examinations of the peripheral blood count showed a distinctive thrombocytopenia and giant platelets. In the bone marrow smear, a huge amount of megacaryocytes was seen. Examinations including platelet antibodies, virology studies, helicobacter pylori, and whole body computed tomography showed no pathological results. DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT UND COURSE: The results were interpreted as ITP. The patient received an intervall of two month several cycles of glucocorticoid treatment and immunglobulines. There was no significant improvement after this therapy. As second-line treatment the patient received rituximab, with no change in the platelet count. In contrast, treatment with a thrombopoietin-receptor-agonist was successful. Finally, normalisation of thyroid function was associated with a normalisation of the platelet count also after discontinuation of ITP treatment. CONCLUSION In recent studies, thrombopoetin-receptor-agonists were established for the treatment of recurrent or refractory ITP. In our case, successful management of Graves' disease including efficient thyreostatic therapy may also have contributed to normalisation of the platelet count. Splenectomy should be deferred in these patients.
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Linagliptin hat im Vergleich zu Glimepirid eine vergleichbare Wirksamkeit, aber überlegene kardiovaskuläre Sicherheit bei Patienten mit Typ 2 Diabetes mit unzureichender glykämischer Kontrolle durch Metformin: eine 2-Jahres-Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Behandlung des Diabetes mellitus Typ 2. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1283899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Prävalenz der chronischen Nierenerkrankung bei Typ 2 Diabetikern in hausärztlicher Behandlung in Deutschland – Erste Ergebnisse der PräDiaNe-Studie. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1280951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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