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Postigo-Alonso B, Galvao-Carmona A, Benítez I, Conde-Gavilán C, Jover A, Molina S, Peña-Toledo MA, Agüera E. Cognitive-motor interference during gait in patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a mixed methods Systematic Review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 94:126-148. [PMID: 30189226 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive-motor interference (CMI) has been proposed as a valid marker of daily life impairment in Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The heterogeneity and scarce number of studies regarding CMI in MS has hampered the synthesis of the existing evidence. The present systematic review employed a mixed methods approach with the aim of identifying and describing variables under which CMI is particularly useful to assess patients with MS. RESULTS MS patients showed significant CMI. The motor variables that were most sensitive in detecting significant CMI were velocity (m/s), cadence (steps/min), and double support (% gait cycle), which was also specific for MS. Among the cognitive tasks, Alternate Alphabet and Serial Subtracting 7 s were sensitive, whereas Verbal Fluency were both sensitive and specific to CMI in MS. CONCLUSIONS CMI should be assessed in MS with a standardised dual task such as the Verbal Fluency task while walking, with measurements of the double support time and the effect on the cognitive task. The clinical usefulness of CMI in the assessment of patients with MS is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Postigo-Alonso
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain; Human Neuroscience Lab (HNL), Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain.
| | - A Galvao-Carmona
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain; Human Neuroscience Lab (HNL), Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Benítez
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Seville, Spain
| | - C Conde-Gavilán
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Jover
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - S Molina
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M A Peña-Toledo
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
| | - E Agüera
- Dementia and Multiple Sclerosis Unit, Neurology Service, Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
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Olabarrieta-Landa L, Rivera D, Lara L, Rute-Pérez S, Rodríguez-Lorenzana A, Galarza-Del-Angel J, Peñalver Guia AI, Ferrer-Cascales R, Velázquez-Cardoso J, Campos Varillas AI, Ramos-Usuga D, Chino-Vilca B, Aguilar Uriarte MA, Martín-Lobo P, García de la Cadena C, Postigo-Alonso B, Romero-García I, Rabago Barajas BV, Irías Escher MJ, Arango-Lasprilla JC. Verbal fluency tests: Normative data for Spanish-speaking pediatric population. NeuroRehabilitation 2018; 41:673-686. [PMID: 28946591 DOI: 10.3233/nre-172240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To generate normative data for the phonological and semantic verbal fluency tests (VFT) in Spanish-speaking pediatric populations. METHOD The sample consisted of 4,373 healthy children from nine countries in Latin America (Chile, Cuba, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Puerto Rico) and Spain. Each participant was administered the VFT as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. Scores for letters F, A, S, and animals and fruit categories were normed using multiple linear regressions and standard deviations of residual values. Age, age2, sex, and mean level of parental education (MLPE) were included as predictors in the analyses. RESULTS The final multiple linear regression models showed main effects for age on all scores, such that scores increased linearly as a function of age. Age2 had a significant effect in Chile (animals), Cuba (A letter, fruits), Ecuador (animals, fruits), Honduras (F letter), Mexico (animals, fruits), Peru (fruits), and Spain (S letters, animals, fruits). Models showed an effect for MLPE in Chile (A letters, animals, fruits), Ecuador (S letter, animals, fruits), Guatelama (F, S letter, animals), Honduras (animals), Mexico (F, A, S letters, animals, fruits), Puerto Rico (A, letters, animals), and Spain (all scores). Sex scores were found significant in Chile (animals), Ecuador (A letter, fruits), Mexico (F letter, fruits), Paraguay (F, A, S letters, fruits), Puerto Rico (F letter, animals, fruits), and Spain (F letter, fruits). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest multi-national Spanish speaking-pediatric normative study in the world, and as such it will allow neuropsychologists from these countries to have a more accurate way to interpret the phonological and semantic VFT in pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - D Rivera
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - L Lara
- Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | - S Rute-Pérez
- CIMCYC-The Mind, Brain and Behaviour Research Centre, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - J Galarza-Del-Angel
- Laboratorio de Psicofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México
| | | | | | - J Velázquez-Cardoso
- Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - D Ramos-Usuga
- Research Center CERNEP, Almeria University, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | - P Martín-Lobo
- Universidad Internacional de la Rioja (UNIR), Logroño, Spain
| | - C García de la Cadena
- Departamento de Psicología, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - B Postigo-Alonso
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Loyola Andalucía, Sevilla, Spain
| | - I Romero-García
- Universidad Interamericana de Puerto Rico, Recinto de San Germán, Puerto Rico
| | - B V Rabago Barajas
- Departamento de Neurociencias, Universidad de Guadalajara (CUCS), Guadalajara, México
| | - M J Irías Escher
- Escuela de Ciencias Psicológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - J C Arango-Lasprilla
- BioCruces Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
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