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Characterization of Myocardial Injury in Patients With COVID-19. J Am Coll Cardiol 2020; 76:2043-2055. [PMID: 33121710 PMCID: PMC7588179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2020.08.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial injury is frequent among patients hospitalized with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the mechanisms of myocardial injury remain unclear and prior studies have not reported cardiovascular imaging data. OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize the echocardiographic abnormalities associated with myocardial injury and their prognostic impact in patients with COVID-19. METHODS We conducted an international, multicenter cohort study including 7 hospitals in New York City and Milan of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 who had undergone transthoracic echocardiographic (TTE) and electrocardiographic evaluation during their index hospitalization. Myocardial injury was defined as any elevation in cardiac troponin at the time of clinical presentation or during the hospitalization. RESULTS A total of 305 patients were included. Mean age was 63 years and 205 patients (67.2%) were male. Overall, myocardial injury was observed in 190 patients (62.3%). Compared with patients without myocardial injury, those with myocardial injury had more electrocardiographic abnormalities, higher inflammatory biomarkers and an increased prevalence of major echocardiographic abnormalities that included left ventricular wall motion abnormalities, global left ventricular dysfunction, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction grade II or III, right ventricular dysfunction and pericardial effusions. Rates of in-hospital mortality were 5.2%, 18.6%, and 31.7% in patients without myocardial injury, with myocardial injury without TTE abnormalities, and with myocardial injury and TTE abnormalities. Following multivariable adjustment, myocardial injury with TTE abnormalities was associated with higher risk of death but not myocardial injury without TTE abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with COVID-19 who underwent TTE, cardiac structural abnormalities were present in nearly two-thirds of patients with myocardial injury. Myocardial injury was associated with increased in-hospital mortality particularly if echocardiographic abnormalities were present.
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Cardiogenic Shock and Mitral Valve Chord Rupture: A Rare Presentation of Libman-Sacks Endocarditis. JACC Case Rep 2020; 2:1988-1991. [PMID: 34317095 PMCID: PMC8299131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2020.06.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Distinguishing Libman-Sacks endocarditis from other valvular heart disease etiologies has important implications for management. We present a case of a 23-year-old man who presented in extremis with fever and cardiogenic shock caused by Libman-Sacks endocarditis with associated mitral valve chord rupture. (Level of Difficulty: Beginner.)
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THIRTEEN LIVES: MASSIVE PULMONARY EMBOLISM CAUSING TWELVE EPISODES OF CARDIAC ARREST MANAGED BY AN INTERDISCIPLINARY PULMONARY EMBOLISM CONSULT TEAM. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(17)35505-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS REFERRED FOR EMERGENT CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION FOR ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITHOUT CULPRIT LESIONS. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(17)33672-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Häufigkeit von Karzinomen in der Prostata nach radikaler Zystoprostatektomie wegen eines Harnblasenkarzinoms - Eine klare Kontraindikation zum Belassen apikaler Prostatareste. Aktuelle Urol 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Immunophenotypic and prognostic analysis of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression during breast carcinogenesis and tumour progression: a comparative study with CD44. Histopathology 1999; 34:25-34. [PMID: 9934581 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.1999.00540.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to investigate whether immunohistochemical expression of E-cadherin (E-cad) and beta-catenin (beta-cat) in conjunction with CD44 may correlate with the clinical evolution and prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS One-hundred and forty-two routinely processed breast tissue samples including normal breast, benign lesions, in situ and invasive carcinomas were investigated. E-cad and beta-cat were strongly expressed by luminal and basal cells in normal glands, benign proliferative and early neoplastic intraductal lesions. Contrarily, CD44 was expressed exclusively by myoepithelial cells in normal breast, whereas different isoform expression patterns were observed in premalignant and malignant lesions. Simultaneous lack of E-cad/beta-cat expression was detected in in situ and invasive lobular carcinomas in contrast to ductal lesions, in which the differential loss of the molecules was associated with poorer differentiation, irrespective of CD44 immunophenotype. Reduced E-cad (P = 0.003), beta-cat (P = 0.03) and increased CD44v4 (P = 0.005) and v7 (P = 0.007) expression were significantly associated with positive lymph node status. Decreased E-cad and lack of CD44v6 expression correlated with poor survival. There was no difference between the expression of either molecule in in situ and invasive components within the same tumour. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that changes in E-cad, beta-cat and CD44 expression occur early in breast carcinogenesis; they are involved in tumour differentiation, but events additional to their deranged expression are needed to acquire an invasive phenotype.
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Abstract
AIMS This study was performed to investigate whether the CD44 immunophenotype of breast lesions correlates with the clinical evolution and prognosis of breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS One-hundred and fifty-two routinely processed normal, benign and malignant breast tissue samples were investigated by the following monoclonal antibodies: CD44s (F10-44-2), CD44v3 (3G5), CD44v4 (11.10), CD44v5 (VFF-8), CD44v6 (VFF-18), CD44v7 (VFF-9), CD44v9 (11-24) after wet autoclave pretreatment for antigen retrieval. We found that: (1) in normal breast tissues luminal epithelial cells lacked detectable CD44 in contrast to basal cells, which constitutionally expressed CD44s, v3, v5 v6 and v9 isoforms; (2) in the intraductal compartment of benign hyperplastic lesions, there was scattered or focal staining for CD44s, v5, v6, v7 and v9 isoforms; (3) in neoplastic lesions restricted neo-expression of CD44v3 and v4 was detected; and (4) the CD44 immunophenotype of invasive breast carcinomas was influenced largely by differentiation grade, steroid receptor status of the tumours and significantly correlated with metastatic involvement of the axillary lymph nodes. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative and quantitative changes of CD44 expression are implicated in early stages of breast carcinogenesis. The restricted neo-expression of certain CD44 isoforms in breast neoplasias suggests that CD44 might be a potential target for future antibody-based tumour therapy.
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Demonstration of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region associated proteins (AgNORs) after wet autoclave pretreatment in breast carcinoma: correlation to tumor stage and long-term survival. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1996; 39:165-76. [PMID: 8872325 DOI: 10.1007/bf01806183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Argyrophilic nucleolar organizer region associated proteins (AgNORs) are known to reflect cellular and nucleolar activity. Due to a novel staining procedure, which substantially improves visualisation of AgNORs on formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded material, AgNORs can be reliably demonstrated as true substructures of the nucleoli. The aim of the present study was to apply a standardized morphometric AgNOR quantification on a large series of breast carcinomas with regard to its prognostic relevance. AgNOR quantity was evaluated on archival tumor tissues of 115 adenocarcinomas of the breast treated with the wet autoclave method prior to standardized silver-staining and morphometric analysis. AgNOR parameters were correlated to prognostic features (steroid hormonal receptor status, tumor type, tumor size, histological grading, pTNM, and UICC stage) carrying out both univariate and multivariate survival analyses. AgNOR number and area were proven to be statistically significantly related (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.67, Bonferroni adjusted P = 0.0001). Almost all AgNOR parameters, in particular CV (coefficient of variation) of corrected area (delta-area) and CV of number, were statistically significantly correlated to estrogen and progesterone receptor status as well as histological grading of tumors. Increased AgNOR parameters were statistically significantly associated with early tumor relapse and cancer related death. Univariate and multivariate analysis by means of Cox regression revealed independent prognostic significance for CV of delta-area and number of AgNORs. Various AgNOR parameters (CV of number, CV of delta-area, CV of area, mean delta-area, and mean area of AgNORs per nucleus) determined on wet autoclave pre-treated formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues are statistically highly significantly associated with the prognostic outcome, independently predicting tumor-free and overall survival.
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Abstract
In a previous study immunocytochemically detectable metallothionein (MT) expression in tumor cells of invasive duct carcinoma of the breast was shown to be associated with a more aggressive behavior and these findings have been subsequently confirmed by others. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and significance of MT positivity in preinvasive duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Fifty-five specimens of pure screen-detected DCIS were stained immunocytochemically for MT using the antibody E9. The intensity and distribution of MT staining were assessed using a semiquantitative method resulting in intensity distribution (ID) scores allowing duct by duct analysis in relation to architectural and cytological features of the DCIS. In general, myoepithelial cells around benign and malignant structures stained uniformly strongly for MT. Staining in DCIS was analyzed by architecture irrespective of cytology and by nuclear grade irrespective of architecture. The results showed that MT staining was significantly greater in comedo (ducts with necrosis) DCIS (ID = 97) compared with noncomedo (ducts without necrosis) DCIS (ID = 56) (P = .05 by Mann Whitney U statistic) and that low cytological grade (ID = 50) was associated with less MT staining than was high cytological grade (ID = 92) (P = .05 by Mann Whitney U statistic). These observations thus are consistent with the previously observed association between MT positivity and more aggressive behavior in invasive duct carcinoma of the breast.
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Wet autoclave pretreatment for immunohistochemical demonstration of oestrogen receptors in routinely processed breast carcinoma tissue. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1995; 27:148-54. [PMID: 7775199 DOI: 10.1007/bf00243910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The immunohistochemical demonstration of oestrogen receptor (OR) was performed on 32 randomly selected and routinely processed breast carcinomas after wet autoclave pretreatment of sections. The autoclave method was compared to the OR status found on frozen sections as well as to alternative pretreatment methods such as enzymatic predigestion and microwave irradiation. Using four different monoclonal antibody clones (H222, LH1, CC4-5, 1D5.26), the OR status was evaluated for each of the various pretreatment methods applied. All cases with a high OR content on frozen sections (n = 11) also showed a high OR status on wet autoclave-pretreated paraffin tissues using antibody clones 1D5.26 and CC4-5; in cases with low OR content on frozen sections, no false-negative cases were recorded using only the antibody 1D5.26 neither after wet autoclave nor microwave pretreatment. In addition, with this antibody, OR was detectable after autoclave pretreatment in two cases which were considered to be OR-negative even on frozen sections. When the primary antibody was omitted, no false-positive cases were observed after wet autoclave pretreatment. Thus, in our hands, wet autoclave pretreatment, in combination with the antibody 1D5.26, offers a highly sensitive method for the immunohistochemical demonstration of OR in routinely formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of breast carcinomas.
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Wet autoclave pretreatment improves the visualization of silver-stained nucleolar organizer-region-associated proteins in routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues. Mod Pathol 1994; 7:946-50. [PMID: 7892164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the effect of wet autoclave pretreatment of routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissues on silver-stained nucleolar organizer-region-associated proteins (AgNORs) staining. The treatment of sections at superheated steam temperature (120 degrees C) before silver incubation leads to a significantly better discrimination of single-interphase AgNORs. Counting "black dots" both by eye and by means of a computer-aided image-analyzing system revealed considerably higher AgNOR mean numbers per nucleus in all pretreated cases when compared with the respective untreated controls. However, mean AgNOR numbers increased after autoclave pretreatment in a nonlinear manner (pairwise comparison by means of Spearman's Rank correlation coefficient: rho = 0.5), whereas measurement of the AgNOR area was less influenced by autoclave pretreatment (rho = 0.8). It is concluded that wet autoclave pretreatment of routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded archival material should be applied before AgNOR staining, particularly when quantitation of AgNORs involves counting procedures.
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Abstract
Interest has recently been shown in adapting the microwave oven heating technique for antigen retrieval to routine diagnostic immunocytochemical practice. Although it has proved effective as a specialist method for individual antigen localization in many laboratories, it has certain drawbacks which have hampered its wider routine application. These include the need to monitor the sections during the microwave treatment to prevent damage or drying, the limited number of sections that can be accommodated in the microwave oven, and the inevitable alteration in nuclear morphology induced by the microwaves. In order to obviate these difficulties, we have modified the wet autoclave method of Shin et al. (Lab Invest 1991; 64: 693-702) as a routine technique for retrieval of a variety of cell surface, cytoplasmic, and nuclear antigens in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. The technique produces even enhancement of several refractory antigens in anatomically different sites and has the potential to handle reliably up to 200 sections at a time without significant damage to the section or to nuclear morphology.
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Immunohistochemical demonstration of metallothionein in normal human breast tissue and benign and malignant breast lesions. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1994; 30:213-21. [PMID: 7981441 DOI: 10.1007/bf00665963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are a set of low molecular weight proteins with a high binding affinity to metal ions. MT over-expression has been recently demonstrated in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with poor clinical prognosis. In the present study, MTs have been immunohistochemically investigated in normal human breast tissue and a variety of benign, pre-invasive, and malignant breast lesions. In normal breast tissue, MTs were present in myoepithelial cells whereas the vast majority of luminal cells were MT negative. In lesions without increased cancer risk (adenosis and scleradenosis), MT was only immunolocalized in myoepithelial cells. In papillomas, MT was also found exclusively in myoepithelial cells. In most cases of epitheliosis, both the luminal and myoepithelial cells expressed MT. Atypical lobular hyperplasia, lobular carcinoma in situ, and 13/15 invasive lobular carcinomas showed no MT over-expression. The two invasive lobular carcinomas with MT over-expression were classified as pleomorphic lobular carcinomas with apocrine differentiation. In contrast to lobular cancerization, 12/24 ductal in situ carcinomas and 9/20 invasive ductal carcinomas showed MT over-expression. In situ components found within invasive ductal carcinomas usually reflected the MT status of their invasive counterpart. It is concluded from our immunohistochemical results that breast carcinoma cases with MT overexpression arise from lesions which also show MT overexpression. Thus MT expression in carcinomas may be regarded as a genuine feature of the tumour cells and seems not to be related to endogenous or exogenous factors known to induce MT synthesis.
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Benign proliferative lesions and in situ carcinoma of the breast: new immunohistological findings and their biological implications. Eur J Cancer Prev 1993; 2 Suppl 3:41-9. [PMID: 7507748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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[Hyperfractionated irradiation of non-small cell bronchial cancer. Final results of a Phase II study]. Strahlenther Onkol 1993; 169:469-75. [PMID: 8395087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The study was performed for the evaluation of hyperfractionated radiotherapy in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer. From radiobiological data we expected that the twice daily irradiation with reduced single dose should result in a better sparing of the slowly proliferating healthy lung tissue without any loss in the tumoricidal effect. 34 patients were treated conventionally with 30 daily fractions of 2.0 Gy over six weeks and another 34 patients twice daily with 1.3 Gy over five weeks to a total dose of 65 Gy. The interval between two fractions lasted at least six hours. Life table (Kaplan-Meier estimate) indicated no contrast between the therapy schedules. The treatment groups did not differ in local response of the primary, progression-free interval and occurrence of distant metastases, the hyperfractionated schedule was very well tolerated. Comparison of the posttreatment quality of life showed a better course after the hyperfractionated regimen, without reaching a level of significance.
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[Digital magnification mammography. A new technique for improved visualization of microcalcifications in breast cancer diagnosis]. Radiologe 1993; 33:260-6. [PMID: 8516436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Special X-ray tubes with electromagnetic focusing provide a spatial resolution of up to 50 lp/mm at a focal spot size of about 10 microns. Radiographs of whole female breast specimens as well as paraffin blocks were taken at magnifications up to x 10. The initial results revealed numerous microcalcifications smaller than < 100 microns that had not been detected by conventional grid mammography. The combination of a microfocal spot with digital radiography results in as yet unmatched resolution of microcalcifications and makes the advantages of image post-processing available to mammography. However, specific types of calcification could not be established in malignant or benign histological findings.
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An immunohistochemical study of the breast using antibodies to basal and luminal keratins, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, collagen IV and laminin. Part I: Normal breast and benign proliferative lesions. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1992; 421:315-22. [PMID: 1384226 DOI: 10.1007/bf01660978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The distribution of simple epithelial (K8/18/19) and basal (myoepithelial) (K5/14) keratins, alpha-smooth-muscle actin, vimentin, collagen IV and laminin in normal mammary glands and in benign proliferative lesions was studied using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). These antibodies (Abs) identified myoepithelial cells and luminal cells specifically. In lesions with adenosis and papillomas, the two-layered formation resembled that of normal glands with a purely myoepithelial-epithelial differentiation. In scleradenotic lesions, the main cell was of myoepithelial immunophenotype with intermixed trabecular-tubular proliferations of simple-type epithelium. The sclerosis seems to be the result of an irregular basal lamina synthesis by the myoepithelial cells. In contrast to these lesions, epitheliosis represents a purely intraluminal cell proliferation of clearly simple epithelial immunophenotype and of cells with a basal keratin phenotype, lacking myoepithelial differentiation antigen actin. The basal keratin type epithelium may represent post-stem or intermediate cells developing into luminal epithelium. Epitheliosis appears to be a purely epithelial hyperplasia with striking similarity to the regeneration of normal breast epithelium. The different proliferative patterns may give an explanation for differences in potential cancer risks of patients with these lesions.
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An immunohistochemical study of the breast using antibodies to basal and luminal keratins, alpha-smooth muscle actin, vimentin, collagen IV and laminin. Part II: Epitheliosis and ductal carcinoma in situ. VIRCHOWS ARCHIV. A, PATHOLOGICAL ANATOMY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY 1992; 421:323-30. [PMID: 1384227 DOI: 10.1007/bf01660979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A detailed immunohistochemical study has been carried out on 63 breast lesions with epitheliosis, ductal carcinoma in situ and clinging carcinoma (lobular cancerization), using antibodies directed against keratins 5/14 and 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, vimentin, smooth muscle actin, collagen IV and laminin. The results have shown that epitheliosis on the one hand and ductal in situ and clinging carcinoma on the other are immunohistochemically different epithelial lesions. Epitheliosis appears to be epithelial hyperplasia with keratin 5/14 and keratin 14, 15, 16, 18, 19-positive cells. Compared to epitheliotic cells tumor cells of clinging carcinoma, lobular cancerization and ductal carcinoma in situ expressed only luminal keratins 14, 15, 16, 18, 19 in 85% of the cases studied; whereas in 15% there was a basal keratin expression. From our results we conclude that the clinging carcinoma (lobular cancerization) represents the initial morphological step in the development of ductal carcinoma in situ and thus may be interpreted as a minimal ductal neoplasia. With the immunohistochemical demonstration of basal and luminal keratins it may be possible in individual cases to differentiate between benign and malignant in situ lesions of the breast.
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[Basilar aneurysm in the cerebello-pontine angle. Case report with review of the literature]. DER NERVENARZT 1992; 63:113-5. [PMID: 1565168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The importance of vascular lesions in the cerebello-pontine angle is discussed with reference to a case report of a basilar artery aneurysm with typical clinical signs of cerebello-pontine angle lesion. A review of 29 cases of aneurysms with cerebello-pontine angle syndrome is given. The presented case is the twelfth reported basilar artery aneurysm in this region with the typical clinical syndrome.
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Cytochrome c oxidase deficiency and long-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase deficiency with Leigh's subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy. Ann Neurol 1992; 31:107-9. [PMID: 1311909 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410310120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A female infant was seen at the age of 2 months because of hypotonia, delayed motor development, and lactic acidosis, and she died at age 13 months due to respiratory failure. In a muscle specimen taken at 11 months and in a liver specimen obtained 1.5 hours postmortem, we found decreased activities of cytochrome c oxidase and long-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase. Neuropathological changes were typical for Leigh's subacute necrotizing encephalomyelopathy. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a combined defect of complex IV of the respiratory chain and of the long-chain specific acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase of beta-oxidation in muscle and liver.
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Abstract
We report on a 31-year-old woman who underwent surgery for two metachronous cardiac myxomas - 7 and 9 years after excision of several cutaneous myxomas. Our observation is a further case of a syndrome-like complex of cardiac and cutaneous myxoma(s), pigmentation anomalies and endocrine disorders described only recently. As modern investigative methods and the development of cardiovascular surgery have brought about an essential improvement in diagnostics and prognosis of cardiac myxomas, the knowledge of this syndrome-like complex is of great therapeutic importance. Therefore, in our opinion, echocardiographic investigations are strongly recommended even in asymptomatic patients, once several cutaneous myxomas are diagnosed histologically.
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Abstract
Bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in a 27-year-old male because of Cushing's syndrome. After 7 years a peripheral bronchial carcinoid was diagnosed; ACTH values went back to normal only after removal of the carcinoid. In the literature, there are 31 case reports on bronchial carcinoids associated with Cushing's syndrome. The Cushing's syndrome precedes the diagnosis of a tumor for months to years in at least half of the cases. Most of these patients first underwent adrenalectomy and/or hypophysectomy for their primarily endocrine symptoms and signs.
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Demonstration and characterisation of a testicular receptor for 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in the rat. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 130:303-8. [PMID: 6297901 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1983.tb07152.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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