1
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Azoury D, von Hoegen A, Su Y, Oh KH, Holder T, Tan H, Ortiz BR, Capa Salinas A, Wilson SD, Yan B, Gedik N. Direct observation of the collective modes of the charge density wave in the kagome metal CsV 3Sb 5. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2308588120. [PMID: 37748057 PMCID: PMC10556638 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2308588120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A recently discovered group of kagome metals AV[Formula: see text]Sb[Formula: see text] (A = K, Rb, Cs) exhibit a variety of intertwined unconventional electronic phases, which emerge from a puzzling charge density wave phase. Understanding of this charge-ordered parent phase is crucial for deciphering the entire phase diagram. However, the mechanism of the charge density wave is still controversial, and its primary source of fluctuations-the collective modes-has not been experimentally observed. Here, we use ultrashort laser pulses to melt the charge order in CsV[Formula: see text]Sb[Formula: see text] and record the resulting dynamics using femtosecond angle-resolved photoemission. We resolve the melting time of the charge order and directly observe its amplitude mode, imposing a fundamental limit for the fastest possible lattice rearrangement time. These observations together with ab initio calculations provide clear evidence for a structural rather than electronic mechanism of the charge density wave. Our findings pave the way for a better understanding of the unconventional phases hosted on the kagome lattice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doron Azoury
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Alexander von Hoegen
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Yifan Su
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Kyoung Hun Oh
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
| | - Tobias Holder
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Hengxin Tan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Brenden R. Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA93106
| | | | - Stephen D. Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA93106
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Nuh Gedik
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA02139
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2
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Farhang C, Wang J, Ortiz BR, Wilson SD, Xia J. Unconventional specular optical rotation in the charge ordered state of Kagome metal CsV 3Sb 5. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5326. [PMID: 37658070 PMCID: PMC10474032 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41080-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Cs, Rb) provide a rich platform for intertwined orders, where evidence for time-reversal symmetry breaking, likely due to the long-sought loop currents, has emerged in STM and muon spin relaxation experiments. An isotropic component in the spontaneous optical rotation has also been reported and was interpreted as the magneto-optic Kerr effect. Intriguingly, the observed rotations differ by five orders of magnitude between different wavelengths and samples, suggesting more intricate physics. Here we report optical rotation and polar Kerr measurements in CsV3Sb5 crystals at the same wavelength. We observe large isotropic components of 1 milliradian in the optical rotation that do not respond to applied magnetic fields, while the spontaneous Kerr signal is less than 20 nanoradians. Our results prove unambiguously that the reported isotropic rotation is not from time-reversal symmetry breaking but represents the long-sought specular optical rotation and indicates a new intertwined order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camron Farhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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3
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Wang Y, Yang SY, Sivakumar PK, Ortiz BR, Teicher SML, Wu H, Srivastava AK, Garg C, Liu D, Parkin SSP, Toberer ES, McQueen T, Wilson SD, Ali MN. Anisotropic proximity-induced superconductivity and edge supercurrent in Kagome metal, K 1-xV 3Sb 5. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadg7269. [PMID: 37436976 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg7269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Materials with Kagome nets are of particular importance for their potential combination of strong correlation, exotic magnetism, and electronic topology. KV3Sb5 was discovered to be a layered topological metal with a Kagome net of vanadium. Here, we fabricated Josephson Junctions of K1-xV3Sb5 and induced superconductivity over long junction lengths. Through magnetoresistance and current versus phase measurements, we observed a magnetic field sweeping direction-dependent magnetoresistance and an anisotropic interference pattern with a Fraunhofer pattern for in-plane magnetic field but a suppression of critical current for out-of-plane magnetic field. These results indicate an anisotropic internal magnetic field in K1-xV3Sb5 that influences the superconducting coupling in the junction, possibly giving rise to spin-triplet superconductivity. In addition, the observation of long-lived fast oscillations shows evidence of spatially localized conducting channels arising from edge states. These observations pave the way for studying unconventional superconductivity and Josephson device based on Kagome metals with electron correlation and topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaojia Wang
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Shuo-Ying Yang
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Pranava K Sivakumar
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Samuel M L Teicher
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Heng Wu
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Abhay K Srivastava
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - Chirag Garg
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- IBM Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120, USA
| | - Defa Liu
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Stuart S P Parkin
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | | | | | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Mazhar N Ali
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, 06108 Halle, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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4
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Saykin DR, Farhang C, Kountz ED, Chen D, Ortiz BR, Shekhar C, Felser C, Wilson SD, Thomale R, Xia J, Kapitulnik A. High Resolution Polar Kerr Effect Studies of CsV_{3}Sb_{5}: Tests for Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking below the Charge-Order Transition. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:016901. [PMID: 37478434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.016901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
We report high resolution polar Kerr effect measurements on CsV_{3}Sb_{5} single crystals in search of signatures of spontaneous time-reversal symmetry breaking below the charge-order transition at T^{*}≈94 K. Utilizing two different versions of zero-area loop Sagnac interferometers operating at 1550 nm wavelength, each with the fundamental attribute that without a time-reversal symmetry breaking sample at its path, the interferometer is perfectly reciprocal, we find no observable Kerr effect to within the noise floor limit of the apparatus at 30 nanoradians. Simultaneous coherent reflection ratio measurements confirm the sharpness of the charge-order transition in the same optical volume as the Kerr measurements. At finite magnetic field we observe a sharp onset of a diamagnetic shift in the Kerr signal at T^{*}, which persists down to the lowest temperature without change in trend. Since 1550 nm is an energy that was shown to capture all features of the optical properties of the material that interact with the charge-order transition, we are led to conclude that it is highly unlikely that time-reversal symmetry is broken in the charge ordered state in CsV_{3}Sb_{5}.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Saykin
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Camron Farhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Erik D Kountz
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Dong Chen
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
- College of Physics, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Chandra Shekhar
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Felser
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Ronny Thomale
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jing Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Aharon Kapitulnik
- Geballe Laboratory for Advanced Materials, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Road, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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5
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Subires D, Korshunov A, Said AH, Sánchez L, Ortiz BR, Wilson SD, Bosak A, Blanco-Canosa S. Order-disorder charge density wave instability in the kagome metal (Cs,Rb)V 3Sb 5. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1015. [PMID: 36823175 PMCID: PMC9950456 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36668-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The origin of the charge density wave phases in the kagome metal compound AV3Sb5 is still under great scrutiny. Here, we combine diffuse and inelastic x-ray scattering to identify a 3-dimensional precursor of the charge order at the L point that condenses into a CDW through a first order phase transition. The quasi-elastic critical scattering indicates that the dominant contribution to the diffuse precursor is the elastic central peak without phonon softening. However, the inelastic spectra show a small broadening of the Einstein-type phonon mode on approaching TCDW. Our results point to the situation where the Fermi surface instability at the L point is of order-disorder type with critical growth of quasi-static domains. The experimental data indicate that the CDW consists on an alternating Star of David and trihexagonal distortions and its dynamics goes beyond the classical weak-coupling scenario and is discussed within strong-electron phonon coupling and non-adiabatic models.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Subires
- grid.452382.a0000 0004 1768 3100Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - A. Korshunov
- grid.5398.70000 0004 0641 6373European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - A. H. Said
- grid.187073.a0000 0001 1939 4845Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439 USA
| | - L. Sánchez
- grid.452382.a0000 0004 1768 3100Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Brenden R. Ortiz
- grid.133342.40000 0004 1936 9676Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, university of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - Stephen D. Wilson
- grid.133342.40000 0004 1936 9676Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, university of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA
| | - A. Bosak
- grid.5398.70000 0004 0641 6373European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble Cedex, France
| | - S. Blanco-Canosa
- grid.452382.a0000 0004 1768 3100Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), San Sebastián, Spain ,grid.424810.b0000 0004 0467 2314IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
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6
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Kang M, Fang S, Yoo J, Ortiz BR, Oey YM, Choi J, Ryu SH, Kim J, Jozwiak C, Bostwick A, Rotenberg E, Kaxiras E, Checkelsky JG, Wilson SD, Park JH, Comin R. Charge order landscape and competition with superconductivity in kagome metals. Nat Mater 2023; 22:186-193. [PMID: 36329264 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-022-01375-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the kagome metals AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs), three-dimensional charge order is the primary instability that sets the stage for other collective orders to emerge, including unidirectional stripe order, orbital flux order, electronic nematicity and superconductivity. Here, we use high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy to determine the microscopic structure of three-dimensional charge order in AV3Sb5 and its interplay with superconductivity. Our approach is based on identifying an unusual splitting of kagome bands induced by three-dimensional charge order, which provides a sensitive way to refine the spatial charge patterns in neighbouring kagome planes. We found a marked dependence of the three-dimensional charge order structure on composition and doping. The observed difference between CsV3Sb5 and the other compounds potentially underpins the double-dome superconductivity in CsV3(Sb,Sn)5 and the suppression of Tc in KV3Sb5 and RbV3Sb5. Our results provide fresh insights into the rich phase diagram of AV3Sb5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingu Kang
- Center for Complex Phase of Materials, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Shiang Fang
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jonggyu Yoo
- Center for Complex Phase of Materials, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Yuzki M Oey
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jonghyeok Choi
- Center for Complex Phase of Materials, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Hee Ryu
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jimin Kim
- Center for Artificial Low Dimensional Electronic Systems, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang, Republic of Korea
| | - Chris Jozwiak
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Aaron Bostwick
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Eli Rotenberg
- Advanced Light Source, E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Efthimios Kaxiras
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joseph G Checkelsky
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Jae-Hoon Park
- Center for Complex Phase of Materials, Max Planck POSTECH/Korea Research Initiative, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.
| | - Riccardo Comin
- Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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7
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Werhahn D, Ortiz BR, Hay AK, Wilson SD, Seshadri R, Johrendt D. The kagomé metals RbTi 3Bi 5 and CsTi 3Bi 5. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/znb-2022-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The kagomé metals RbTi3Bi5 and CsTi3Bi5 were synthesized both as polycrystalline powders by heating the elements in an argon atmosphere and as single crystals grown using a self-flux method. The compounds crystallize in the hexagonal crystal system isotypically to KV3Sb5 (P6/mmm, Z = 1, CsTi3Bi5: a = 5.7873(1), c = 9.2062(1) Å; RbTi3Bi5: a = 5.773(1), c = 9.065(1) Å). The titanium atoms form a kagomé net with bismuth atoms in the hexagons as well as above and below the triangles. The alkali metal atoms are coordinated by 12 bismuth atoms and form AlB2-like slabs between the kagomé layers. Magnetic susceptibility measurements with CsTi3Bi5 and RbTi3Bi5 single crystals reveal Pauli-paramagnetism and traces of superconductivity caused by CsBi2/RbBi2 impurities. Magnetotransport measurements reveal conventional Fermi liquid behavior and quantum oscillations indicative of a single dominant orbit at low temperature. DFT calculations show the characteristic metallic kagomé band structure similar to that of CsV3Sb5 with reduced band filling. A symmetry analysis of the band structure does not reveal an obvious and unique signature of a nontrivial topology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Werhahn
- Department Chemie , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5–13 , 81377 München , Germany
| | - Brenden R. Ortiz
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory and California Nanosystems Institute , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Aurland K. Hay
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory and California Nanosystems Institute , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Stephen D. Wilson
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory and California Nanosystems Institute , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Ram Seshadri
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory and California Nanosystems Institute , University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Dirk Johrendt
- Department Chemie , Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München , Butenandtstraße 5–13 , 81377 München , Germany
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8
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Peng S, Han Y, Pokharel G, Shen J, Li Z, Hashimoto M, Lu D, Ortiz BR, Luo Y, Li H, Guo M, Wang B, Cui S, Sun Z, Qiao Z, Wilson SD, He J. Realizing Kagome Band Structure in Two-Dimensional Kagome Surface States of RV_{6}Sn_{6} (R=Gd, Ho). Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:266401. [PMID: 35029485 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.266401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report angle resolved photoemission experiments on a newly discovered family of kagome metals RV_{6}Sn_{6} (R=Gd, Ho). Intrinsic bulk states and surface states of the vanadium kagome layer are differentiated from those of other atomic sublattices by the real-space resolution of the measurements with a small beam spot. Characteristic Dirac cone, saddle point, and flat bands of the kagome lattice are observed. Our results establish the two-dimensional (2D) kagome surface states as a new platform to investigate the intrinsic kagome physics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuting Peng
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yulei Han
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Department of Physics, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Ganesh Pokharel
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Jianchang Shen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zeyu Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Makoto Hashimoto
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Donghui Lu
- Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Yang Luo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Houchen Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mingyao Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bingqian Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shengtao Cui
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zhenhua Qiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Junfeng He
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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9
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Jiang YX, Yin JX, Denner MM, Shumiya N, Ortiz BR, Xu G, Guguchia Z, He J, Hossain MS, Liu X, Ruff J, Kautzsch L, Zhang SS, Chang G, Belopolski I, Zhang Q, Cochran TA, Multer D, Litskevich M, Cheng ZJ, Yang XP, Wang Z, Thomale R, Neupert T, Wilson SD, Hasan MZ. Unconventional chiral charge order in kagome superconductor KV 3Sb 5. Nat Mater 2021; 20:1353-1357. [PMID: 34112979 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-021-01034-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Intertwining quantum order and non-trivial topology is at the frontier of condensed matter physics1-4. A charge-density-wave-like order with orbital currents has been proposed for achieving the quantum anomalous Hall effect5,6 in topological materials and for the hidden phase in cuprate high-temperature superconductors7,8. However, the experimental realization of such an order is challenging. Here we use high-resolution scanning tunnelling microscopy to discover an unconventional chiral charge order in a kagome material, KV3Sb5, with both a topological band structure and a superconducting ground state. Through both topography and spectroscopic imaging, we observe a robust 2 × 2 superlattice. Spectroscopically, an energy gap opens at the Fermi level, across which the 2 × 2 charge modulation exhibits an intensity reversal in real space, signalling charge ordering. At the impurity-pinning-free region, the strength of intrinsic charge modulations further exhibits chiral anisotropy with unusual magnetic field response. Theoretical analysis of our experiments suggests a tantalizing unconventional chiral charge density wave in the frustrated kagome lattice, which can not only lead to a large anomalous Hall effect with orbital magnetism, but also be a precursor of unconventional superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xiao Jiang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Jia-Xin Yin
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - M Michael Denner
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nana Shumiya
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Gang Xu
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zurab Guguchia
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Junyi He
- Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Md Shafayat Hossain
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xiaoxiong Liu
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jacob Ruff
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Linus Kautzsch
- Cornell High Energy Synchrotron Source, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Songtian S Zhang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Guoqing Chang
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ilya Belopolski
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Qi Zhang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Tyler A Cochran
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel Multer
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Maksim Litskevich
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Zi-Jia Cheng
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Xian P Yang
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Ziqiang Wang
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA
| | - Ronny Thomale
- Institut für Theoretische Physik und Astrophysik, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Titus Neupert
- Department of Physics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - M Zahid Hasan
- Laboratory for Topological Quantum Matter and Advanced Spectroscopy (B7), Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Princeton Institute for the Science and Technology of Materials, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Quantum Science Center, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
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10
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Kenney EM, Ortiz BR, Wang C, Wilson SD, Graf MJ. Absence of local moments in the kagome metal KV 3Sb 5as determined by muon spin spectroscopy. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:235801. [PMID: 33621958 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abe8f9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We have carried out muon spin relaxation and rotation measurements on the newly discovered kagome metal KV3Sb5, and find a local field dominated by weak magnetic disorder which we associate with the nuclear moments present, and a modest temperature dependence which tracks the bulk magnetic susceptibility. We find no evidence for the existence of V4+local moments, suggesting that the physics underlying the recently reported giant unconventional anomalous Hall effect in this material warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Kenney
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States of America
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9010, United States of America
| | - Chennan Wang
- Laboratory for Muon Spin Spectroscopy, Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-9010, United States of America
| | - Michael J Graf
- Department of Physics, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, United States of America
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11
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Shojaei IA, Pournia S, Le C, Ortiz BR, Jnawali G, Zhang FC, Wilson SD, Jackson HE, Smith LM. A Raman probe of phonons and electron-phonon interactions in the Weyl semimetal NbIrTe 4. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8155. [PMID: 33854110 PMCID: PMC8047047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
There is tremendous interest in measuring the strong electron-phonon interactions seen in topological Weyl semimetals. The semimetal NbIrTe4 has been proposed to be a Type-II Weyl semimetal with 8 pairs of opposite Chirality Weyl nodes which are very close to the Fermi energy. We show using polarized angular-resolved micro-Raman scattering at two excitation energies that we can extract the phonon mode dependence of the Raman tensor elements from the shape of the scattering efficiency versus angle. This van der Waals semimetal with broken inversion symmetry and 24 atoms per unit cell has 69 possible phonon modes of which we measure 19 modes with frequencies and symmetries consistent with Density Functional Theory calculations. We show that these tensor elements vary substantially in a small energy range which reflects a strong variation of the electron-phonon coupling for these modes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Congcong Le
- Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, 01187, Dresden, Germany
| | - Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Giriraj Jnawali
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Fu-Chun Zhang
- Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Howard E Jackson
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Leigh M Smith
- Department of Physics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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12
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Ortiz BR, Teicher SML, Hu Y, Zuo JL, Sarte PM, Schueller EC, Abeykoon AMM, Krogstad MJ, Rosenkranz S, Osborn R, Seshadri R, Balents L, He J, Wilson SD. CsV_{3}Sb_{5}: A Z_{2} Topological Kagome Metal with a Superconducting Ground State. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:247002. [PMID: 33412053 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.247002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently discovered alongside its sister compounds KV_{3}Sb_{5} and RbV_{3}Sb_{5}, CsV_{3}Sb_{5} crystallizes with an ideal kagome network of vanadium and antimonene layers separated by alkali metal ions. This work presents the electronic properties of CsV_{3}Sb_{5}, demonstrating bulk superconductivity in single crystals with a T_{c}=2.5 K. The normal state electronic structure is studied via angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and density-functional theory, which categorize CsV_{3}Sb_{5} as a Z_{2} topological metal. Multiple protected Dirac crossings are predicted in close proximity to the Fermi level (E_{F}), and signatures of normal state correlation effects are also suggested by a high-temperature charge density wavelike instability. The implications for the formation of unconventional superconductivity in this material are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenden R Ortiz
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Samuel M L Teicher
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Yong Hu
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Julia L Zuo
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Paul M Sarte
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Emily C Schueller
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - A M Milinda Abeykoon
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Matthew J Krogstad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4845, USA
| | - Stephan Rosenkranz
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4845, USA
| | - Raymond Osborn
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439-4845, USA
| | - Ram Seshadri
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Leon Balents
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Junfeng He
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Physics and CAS Key Laboratory of Strongly-coupled Quantum Matter Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Stephen D Wilson
- Materials Department and California Nanosystems Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
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13
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Yang SY, Wang Y, Ortiz BR, Liu D, Gayles J, Derunova E, Gonzalez-Hernandez R, Šmejkal L, Chen Y, Parkin SSP, Wilson SD, Toberer ES, McQueen T, Ali MN. Giant, unconventional anomalous Hall effect in the metallic frustrated magnet candidate, KV 3Sb 5. Sci Adv 2020; 6:eabb6003. [PMID: 32789181 PMCID: PMC7399694 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abb6003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is one of the most fundamental phenomena in physics. In the highly conductive regime, ferromagnetic metals have been the focus of past research. Here, we report a giant extrinsic AHE in KV3Sb5, an exfoliable, highly conductive semimetal with Dirac quasiparticles and a vanadium Kagome net. Even without report of long range magnetic order, the anomalous Hall conductivity reaches 15,507 Ω-1 cm-1 with an anomalous Hall ratio of ≈ 1.8%; an order of magnitude larger than Fe. Defying theoretical expectations, KV3Sb5 shows enhanced skew scattering that scales quadratically, not linearly, with the longitudinal conductivity, possibly arising from the combination of highly conductive Dirac quasiparticles with a frustrated magnetic sublattice. This allows the possibility of reaching an anomalous Hall angle of 90° in metals. This observation raises fundamental questions about AHEs and opens new frontiers for AHE and spin Hall effect exploration, particularly in metallic frustrated magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Ying Yang
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
| | - Yaojia Wang
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
| | - Brenden R. Ortiz
- University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | - Defa Liu
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
| | - Jacob Gayles
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, USA
| | - Elena Derunova
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Libor Šmejkal
- Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Cukrovarnická 10, 162 00 Praha 6, Czech Republic
- Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yulin Chen
- Oxford Department of Physics, Oxford, England
| | | | - Stephen D. Wilson
- University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA
| | | | - Tyrel McQueen
- Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Mazhar N. Ali
- Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics, Halle, Germany
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14
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Crawford CM, Ortiz BR, Gorai P, Stevanovic V, Toberer ES. Experimental and computational phase boundary mapping of Co 4Sn 6Te 6. J Mater Chem A Mater 2020; 6:24175-24185. [PMID: 32257213 PMCID: PMC7121276 DOI: 10.1039/c8ta07539e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Binary Co4Sb12 skutterudite (also known as CoSb3) has been extensively studied; however, its mixed-anion counterparts remain largely unexplored in terms of their phase stability and thermoelectric properties. In the search for complex anionic analogs of the binary skutterudite, we begin by investigating the Co4Sb12-Co4Sn6Te6 pseudo-binary phase diagram. We observe no quaternary skutterudite phases and as such, focus our investigations on the ternary Co4Sn6Te6 via experimental phase boundary mapping, transport measurements, and first-principles calculations. Phase boundary mapping using traditional bulk syntheses reveals that the Co4Sn6Te6 exhibits electronic properties ranging from a degenerate p-type behavior to an intrinsic behavior. Under Sn-rich conditions, Hall measurements indicate degenerate p-type carrier concentrations and high hole mobility. The acceptor defect SnTe, and donor defects TeSn and Coi are the predominant defects and rationally correspond to regions of high Sn, Te, and Co, respectively. Consideration of the defect energetics indicates that p-type extrinsic doping is plausible; however, SnTe is likely a killer defect that limits n-type dopability. We find that the hole carrier concentration in Co4Sn6Te6 can be further optimized by extrinsic p-type doping under Sn-rich growth conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Prashun Gorai
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Vladan Stevanovic
- Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
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15
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Abstract
A combined theoretical and experimental approach was used to determine the equilibrium as well as non-equilibrium solubility lines in the quaternary Sn1−yMnyTe1−xSex alloy space, revealing a large area of accessible metastable phase space.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aaron Holder
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory
- Golden
- USA
- Chemical and Biological Engineering
- University of Colorado
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16
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Ortiz BR, Peng H, Lopez A, Parilla PA, Lany S, Toberer ES. Effect of extended strain fields on point defect phonon scattering in thermoelectric materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:19410-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inexpensive computational descriptors for point defect scattering in alloyed thermoelectric systems developed through a combination of ab initio computation and experimental validation.
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