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Aguiar IL, Carvalho FM, Santos-Lins LS, Brasil-Oliveira R, Brites C, Cotrim HP, Bouquot JE, Lins-Kusterer L. Oral health related-quality of life before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal 2023:25731. [PMID: 36641744 DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of medical appointments and the offer and use of oral health services have decreased sharply with the lockdown period. Restriction to regular dental care can increase the risk of oral diseases, capable of affecting general health and oral health-related quality of life, particularly among medically compromised patients. This study aimed to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of patients with non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS Prospective cohort of 58 patients with NAFLD followed up from March 2020 (before the pandemic) to December 2021 (during the pandemic). RAND 36-Item Health Survey and Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) questionnaires were used to assess HRQoL and OHRQoL, respectively, in the two points of time. RESULTS The scores of all scales HRQoL and of the question about health change in the last year decreased substantially with the advent of the pandemic. Large (>0.50) effect sizes were estimated for the scales Role functioning/physical, Pain, General health, and Energy/fatigue. Patients who had COVID-19 presented better HRQoL and OHIP-14 mean scores than those who did not have the disease. The OHIP-14 total score increased 3.6 points with the advent of the pandemic, representing a large effect size (0.62). Patients presented high probability (84.3%) of increasing OHIP14 score during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The HRQoL and the OHRQoL scores of NAFLD patients decreased substantially with the advent of the pandemic. However, these decreases were not associated with the COVID-19 disease by itself, but probably to other factors related to the deep social changes brought by the social isolation measures to combat the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- I-L Aguiar
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Saúde Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia Rua Doutor Augusto Viana, s/n 40110-060, Canela, Salvador - BA, Brazil
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Aboud M, Kaplan R, Lombaard J, Zhang F, Hidalgo J, Mamedova E, Losso M, Chetchotisakd P, Brites C, Sievers J, Brown D, Hopking J, Underwood M, Nascimento M, Gartland M, Smith K, Steinhart C, Gatell J. Superior Efficacy of Dolutegravir (DTG) Plus 2 Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NRTIs) Compared with lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) Plus 2 NRTIs in Second-Line Treatment — 48-week Data from the DAWNING Study. J Infect Public Health 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2018.10.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Carvalho AL, Brandi IV, Sarmento M, Brites C, Lucena R. Difficulties with laboratory confirmation of congenital Zika virus infection in a tertiary hospital in Northeastern Brazil. Clin Microbiol Infect 2018; 25:524-525. [PMID: 30583057 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A L Carvalho
- SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
| | - I V Brandi
- SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - M Sarmento
- SARAH Network of Rehabilitation Hospital, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - C Brites
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - R Lucena
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Carbas B, Salinas MV, Serrano C, Passarinho JA, Puppo MC, Ricardo CP, Brites C. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of commercial flours from Ceratonia siliqua and Prosopis spp. Food Measure 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-018-9945-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Vargas L, Amaral S, Arriaga M, Sarno M, Brites C. High prevalence of syphilis in parturient women and congenital syphilis cases in public maternities in Salvador-Bahia, Brazil. BJOG 2018; 125:1212-1214. [PMID: 29802689 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Vargas
- LAPI, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - S Amaral
- LAPI, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M Arriaga
- LAPI, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - M Sarno
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - C Brites
- LAPI, Laboratório de Pesquisa em Infectologia, Complexo Hospitalar Prof. Edgard Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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Sampaio P, Soares A, Castanho A, Almeida AS, Oliveira J, Brites C. Dataset of Near-infrared spectroscopy measurement for amylose determination using PLS algorithms. Data Brief 2017; 15:389-396. [PMID: 29214199 PMCID: PMC5712058 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2017.09.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the dataset presented in this article, 168 rice samples comprising sixteen rice varieties (including Indica and Japonica sub species) from a Portuguese Rice Breeding Program obtained from three different sites along four seasons, and 11 standard rice varieties from International Rice Research Institute were characterised. The amylose concentration was evaluated based on iodine method, and the near infrared (NIR) spectra were determined. To assess the advantage of Near infrared spectroscopy, different rice varieties and specific algorithms based on Matlab software such as Standard Normal Variate (SNV), Multiple Scatter Calibration (MSC) and Savitzky-Golay filter were used for NIR spectra pre-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sampaio
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.,Faculty of Engineering, Lusophone University of Humanities and Technology, Campo Grande, 376, 1749-019 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Soares
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A Castanho
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - A S Almeida
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - J Oliveira
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C Brites
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV), Av. da República, Quinta do Marquês, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Sarno M, Aquino M, Pimentel K, Cabral R, Costa G, Bastos F, Brites C. Progressive lesions of central nervous system in microcephalic fetuses with suspected congenital Zika virus syndrome. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017; 50:717-722. [PMID: 27644020 DOI: 10.1002/uog.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the pattern and progression of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in microcephalic fetuses with suspected Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. METHODS In this prospective study in Salvador, Brazil, we analyzed fetuses diagnosed with microcephaly and suspected ZIKV infection after a routine primary care ultrasound scan between July 2015 and February 2016 raised suspicion of fetal microcephaly. The pregnancies were followed with serial ultrasound scans until delivery at one of the three main referral centers for fetal abnormalities in Salvador, Brazil. Microcephaly was diagnosed when the head circumference was two or more SDs below the mean for gestational age and its relationship with ZIKV infection was defined according to the World Health Organization's criteria. All women were interviewed, to assess potential factors associated with fetal microcephaly. Serology test results for toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, rubella, syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were recorded, as were previous routine ultrasound results. Signs/symptoms of infection during the pregnancy were noted. RESULTS Of 60 cases of suspected ZIKV-related fetal microcephaly seen during the study period, eight were excluded due to serological evidence of other congenital infections or major ultrasound chromosomal markers. In the remaining 52 fetuses, microcephaly was diagnosed between 19 and 40 (median, 27.7; interquartile range, 23.4-32.0) weeks of gestation. The main ultrasound findings were: ventriculomegaly (65.4% of cases), cerebral calcifications (44.2%) and posterior fossa abnormalities (32.7%). 9.6% presented with arthrogryposis as an associated finding. Microcephaly was an isolated finding in four cases (7.7%). While ventriculomegaly was progressive in 41.2% of cases with this finding, the velocity of head circumference increase decreased progressively in almost all cases. Exanthematic disease was present in the majority (86.5%) of the women, 67.3% presenting in the first trimester of pregnancy. Additional lesions were detected after birth in 71.4% of the 35 cases with neonatal follow-up. CONCLUSIONS The majority of cases of congenital ZIKV syndrome have other ultrasonographic findings in addition to microcephaly. ZIKV-related CNS anomalies present mainly as progressive CNS lesions and slowing rate of growth of the fetal head, and this seems to be evident only in the late second trimester, even when maternal infection occurs in the first trimester. Other ultrasound findings, such as ventriculomegaly, brain calcifications and posterior fossa destruction lesions, are also common in this congenital syndrome. Posterior fossa destruction lesions and arthrogryposis are an uncommon finding in other congenital infections, perhaps suggesting a novel severe congenital syndrome associated with fetal ZIKV. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sarno
- Maternidade Climério de Oliveira, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Caliper Escola de Imagem - Ultrasound Training Center, Salvador, Brazil
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - M Aquino
- Maternidade Climério de Oliveira, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Caliper Escola de Imagem - Ultrasound Training Center, Salvador, Brazil
| | - K Pimentel
- Maternidade Climério de Oliveira, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Caliper Escola de Imagem - Ultrasound Training Center, Salvador, Brazil
- Hospital Geral Roberto Santos, Secretaria Estadual da Saúde da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - R Cabral
- Maternidade Climério de Oliveira, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - G Costa
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - F Bastos
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - C Brites
- Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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Correa MJ, Salinas MV, Carbas B, Ferrero C, Brites C, Puppo MC. Technological quality of dough and breads from commercial algarroba-wheat flour blends. J Food Sci Technol 2017; 54:2104-2114. [PMID: 28720968 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Algarroba flour is used to supplement lysine-limiting systems such as wheat flour due to its amino acidic composition. The effects of adding up to 30% of this flour to wheat flour (W-A30) on dough characteristics and breadmaking performance were studied. Dough rheology was tested by farinograph, oscillatory rheometry and texture profile analyses. Molecular mobility was evaluated by nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermal properties were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and viscoamylograph studies. Besides, different bread quality parameters were evaluated. Incorporation of algarroba flour resulted into increase in water absorption, development time and degree of softening, and decrease in stability of wheat flour, leading to softer, less adhesive and elastic dough, although at intermediate replacement levels cohesiveness improved. At the molecular level, a reduction of water activity and limited proton motion were observed in W-A30 samples, suggesting that protons were highly bound to the dough matrix. Dough samples with algarroba flour showed lower G' and G″ values than the control, although with the formation of a more elastic structure for W-A30. In addition, algarroba flour produced a protective effect on starch granule disruption and interfered with amylose-amylose association during cooling. The specific volume of breads decreased with the increase in algarroba level, W-A30 reaching the highest decrease (15%). Bread crumbs with algarroba flour exhibited higher values of hardness and resilience. The use of algarroba flour resulted in lower quality when compared to the control. However, algarroba flour at 20% level can be added to wheat flour to obtain bakery products of similar technological quality and with improved nutritional components.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Correa
- CIDCA - CIC -CONICET- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 116, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - M V Salinas
- CIDCA - CIC -CONICET- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 116, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - B Carbas
- Unidade Tecnologia Alimentar, Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos, I.P, L-Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrá, L-INIA, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - C Ferrero
- CIDCA - CIC -CONICET- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 116, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C Brites
- Unidade Tecnologia Alimentar, Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos, I.P, L-Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrá, L-INIA, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - M C Puppo
- CIDCA - CIC -CONICET- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 116, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina.,Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales-Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 60 y 119, CP 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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Brites C, Salgado-Azoni CA, Ferreira TL, Lima RF, Ciasca SM. Development and applications of the SWAN rating scale for assessment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a literature review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 48:965-72. [PMID: 26313140 PMCID: PMC4671522 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20154528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study reviewed the use of the Strengths and Weaknesses of
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity-symptoms and Normal-behaviors (SWAN) rating scale in
diagnostic and evolutive approaches to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
(ADHD) and in correlational studies of the disorder. A review of articles published
in indexed journals from electronic databases was conducted and 61 articles on the
SWAN scale were analyzed. From these, 27 were selected to a) examine use of SWAN in
research on attention disorders and b) verify evidence of its usefulness in the areas
of genetics, neuropsychology, diagnostics, psychiatric comorbidities, neuroimaging,
pharmacotherapy, and to examine its statistical reliability and validity in studies
of diverse populations. This review of articles indicated a growing use of the SWAN
scale for diagnostic purposes, for therapy, and in research on areas other than ADHD,
especially when compared with other reliable scales. Use of the scale in ADHD
diagnosis requires further statistical testing to define its psychometric
properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Laboratório de Dificuldades e Distúrbios de Aprendizagem e Transtornos de Atenção (DISAPRE), UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - C A Salgado-Azoni
- Departamento de Fonoaudiologia e Patologias da Linguagem, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brasil
| | - T L Ferreira
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - R F Lima
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
| | - S M Ciasca
- Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brasil
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Camargo LFA, Marra AR, Pignatari ACC, Sukiennik T, Behar PPP, Medeiros EAS, Ribeiro J, Girão E, Correa L, Guerra C, Brites C, Pereira CAP, Carneiro I, Reis M, Souza MA, Barata CU, Edmond MB. Nosocomial bloodstream infections in a nationwide study: comparison between solid organ transplant patients and the general population. Transpl Infect Dis 2015; 17:308-13. [PMID: 25726707 DOI: 10.1111/tid.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of bloodstream infection (BSI) varies according to the transplanted organ. Mortality can be as high as 24%, with a significant impact on graft survival. Transplantation is a risk factor for multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms, but comparison with a non-transplanted population in a single large cohort has not been described. METHODS This is a prospective nationwide study (16 centers) reporting data on 2364 monomicrobial nosocomial BSIs, comparing 83 episodes in solid organ transplant patients with 2447 BSIs occurring in the general hospital population. RESULTS The prevalence of groups of infecting organisms (gram-positive, gram-negative, and fungi) was similar between transplant patients and the general population and a similar crude mortality rate was observed (34.9% in transplant vs. 43.3% in non-transplant patients). Staphylococcus aureus was the single most frequently isolated organism in both groups, and Acinetobacter species was more frequently isolated in the general population. Regarding MDR organisms, Klebsiella species, and Enterobacter species resistant to cefepime, as well as Acinetobacter species resistant to meropenem, were significantly more frequent in transplant patients. CONCLUSION Antimicrobial resistance is higher, particularly among gram-negative bacteria in the transplant population, although the overall mortality rate between transplant and non-transplant patients with nosocomial BSI is similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F A Camargo
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
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Travassos AGA, Nóbrega I, Netto E, Timbó M, Adami K, Fernandes S, Silva P, Pires M, Queiroz C, Brites C. P3.185 Chlamydia Trachomatisin the Genital Tract of HIV-Infected Women, Pregnant and Non-Pregnant, Followed in a Reference Centre in Bahia, Northeast Brazil. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Brites C, Goyanna F, França LG, Pedroso C, Netto EM, Adriano S, Sampaio J, Harrington Jr W. Coinfection by HTLV-I/II is associated with an increased risk of strongyloidiasis and delay in starting antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. Braz J Infect Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-86702011000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Brites C, Goyanna F, França LG, Pedroso C, Netto EM, Adriano S, Sampaio J, Harrington W. Coinfection by HTLV-I/II is associated with an increased risk of strongyloidiasis and delay in starting antiretroviral therapy for AIDS patients. Braz J Infect Dis 2011; 15:6-11. [PMID: 21412582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of HIV-1-HTLV-1 coinfected patients, in Bahia, Brazil. METHODS Retrospective, comparative study. RESULTS Among a total of 123 consecutive HIV infected patients, 20 men (20.6%) and 6 women (23.1%) had detectable antibodies against HTLV-I/II. The major risk factor associated with coinfection by HTLV was intravenous drug use (57.7% of coinfected patient versus 9.2% of HTLV seronegative patients, p < 0.0001). Coinfected patients had higher absolute lymphocyte counts (1,921 + 762 versus 1,587 + 951, p = 0.03). Both groups of patients had similar means of CD4+ and CD8+ cell counts. However, among patients with AIDS CD4+ cell counts were significantly higher among those coinfected with HTLV-I/II (292 ± 92 cells/mm³, versus 140 ± 177 cells/mm³, p = 0.36). The frequency and type of opportunistic infections were similar for both groups, but strongyloidiasis and encephalopathy were more frequently diagnosed in coinfected patients (p < 0.05). On the other hand, patients coinfected with HTLV-I/II received significantly less antiretroviral therapy than singly infected by HIV-1. CONCLUSION Coinfection by HTLV-I/II is associated with an increased risk of strongyloidiasis for HIV patients. Higher CD4 count may lead to underestimation of immunodeficiency, and delay to initiate antiretroviral therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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Torres A, Angelo A, Netto E, Sampaio G, Souza D, Inocêncio L, Lemos J, Brites C. Reference range for T lymphocytes populations in blood donors from two different regions in Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2009; 13:221-5. [PMID: 20191201 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-86702009000300013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2009] [Accepted: 05/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Jayamani P, Negrão S, Brites C, Oliveira M. Potential of Waxy gene microsatellite and single-nucleotide polymorphisms to develop japonica varieties with desired amylose levels in rice (Oryza sativa L.). J Cereal Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Feitosa G, Bandeira AC, Sampaio DP, Badaró R, Brites C. High prevalence of giardiasis and stronglyloidiasis among HIV-infected patients in Bahia, Brazil. Braz J Infect Dis 2001; 5:339-44. [PMID: 12010598 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-86702001000600008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea due to intestinal microbial infections is a frequent manifestation among HIV-infected patients. It has been postulated that HIV-infected patients may have special types of intestinal infections, and that immune activation from such parasites may affect the progression of HIV disease. To evaluate these associations, the frequency of infections was examined in HIV-infected patients in Bahia, Brazil. To determine the potential impact of the presence of intestinal parasitic infections on HIV disease progression, a retrospective study approach was used. The medical charts of 365 HIV-infected patients who had been treated at the AIDS Clinic of the Federal University of Bahia Hospital were reviewed, and the prevalence of parasites was compared with 5,243 HIV-negative patients who had attended the hospital during the same period of time. Among HIV-infected subjects, CD(4) count, RNA plasma viral load (VL), and number of eosinophils were compared according to their stool examination results. The overall prevalence of each parasite was similar for HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients. However, the prevalence of S. stercoralis (p<10(-7)) and G. lamblia (p=0.005) was greater for HIV-infected subjects. The mean CD(4) count and viral load of HIV patients in our clinic who had stool examinations was 350 cells +/- 340 and 4.4 +/- 1.4 log RNA viral load, respectively. In this patient group there was no clear association between the level of the absolute CD(4) count or the viral load and a specific parasitic infection. The presence of an intestinal parasitic infection was not associated with faster progression of the HIV disease among HIV-infected patients. We conclude that strongyloidiasis and giardiasis are more frequent in HIV-infected patients in Bahia, Brazil. If this association is due to immune dysregulation, as has been proposed elsewhere, it must occur in patients after only minor shifts in CD(4) count from normal levels, or as a result of immune dysfunction not represented by CD(4) count. These infections do not appear to alter the progression of HIV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Feitosa
- University Hospital Professor Edgar Santos, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil
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Castelo Branco B, Chamon W, Belfort R, Figueiredo Carneiro N, Brites C. New corneal findings in human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 infection. Am J Ophthalmol 2001; 132:950-1. [PMID: 11730678 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9394(01)01155-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Brites C, Alencar R, Gusmão R, Pedroso C, Netto EM, Pedral-Sampaio D, Badaró R. Co-infection with HTLV-1 is associated with a shorter survival time for HIV-1-infected patients in Bahia, Brazil. AIDS 2001; 15:2053-5. [PMID: 11600839 DOI: 10.1097/00002030-200110190-00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Co-infection with HTLV-1 reaches 20% among patients infected by HIV-1 in Bahia, Brazil. To evaluate its impact on survival, we conducted a retrospective, case-control study involving 198 patients (63 cases). Co-infection was associated with parenteral exposure (P = 0.0001) and female sex (P = 0.02). Co-infected patients had a shorter mean survival (1849 days) than controls (2430 days, P = 0.001), regardless of sex or baseline CD4 cell count. In Bahia, Brazil, co-infection with HIV-1 and HTLV-1 is associated with a shorter survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Hospital Universitário Prof Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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20
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Brites C, Bahia F, Gilbert M, Pedroso C, Badaró R. Evaluation of viral resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI) in HIV-1-infected patients before and after 6 months of single or double antiretroviral therapy. Braz J Infect Dis 2001; 5:177-82. [PMID: 11712962 DOI: 10.1590/s1413-86702001000400003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated samples of peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMC) cells from 46 AIDS patients, before starting therapy with HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTI), and after 6 months of drug use. PBMC were stored and tested by a Line Probe Assay (LiPA), in order to assess the frequency of RT mutations in this population. Six patients were taking AZT before initial blood collection (1 to 16 weeks of drug use) and 40 patients had no prior therapy. After baseline evaluation, 19 patients received AZT, 23 AZT plus DDI, 3 started AZT only with DDI added after 3 months, and 3 received a combination of AZT plus 3TC. Detection of at least one mutation was found in 33% (15/46) of patients at baseline, and 83% (38/46) had at least 1 mutation after 6 months of therapy. In the majority of cases, samples presented with the wild type and variants of HIV, simultaneously. Patients receiving monotherapy had a higher frequency of mutations (L41 and F214, Y215) than did patients receiving double-drug therapy (19 vs. 10). No specific mutation associated with DDI was identified in 26 patients so treated. Despite the finding of a mean increase in CD4 count and a mild decrease in viral load, patients tended to have an inverse correlation between the CD4 variation and number of mutations detected after 6 months, suggesting potential loss of drug efficacy in the presence of these genotypic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Retrovirus Laboratory, Professor Edgard Santos Hospital, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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21
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Brites C, Carrillo JM. Influence of High Molecular Weight (HMW) and Low Molecular Weight (LMW) Glutenin Subunits Controlled byGlu-1andGlu-3Loci on Durum Wheat Quality. Cereal Chem 2001. [DOI: 10.1094/cchem.2001.78.1.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Brites
- Corresponding author. Estação Nacional de Melhoramento de Plantas, Apartado 6 7350-951, Portugal. Fax: 351268629295. E-mail:
| | - J. M. Carrillo
- Departamento de Genética, ETSIA-Agrónomos, Universidad Politécnica, E-28040, Madrid, Spain
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22
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Brites C, Gilbert MJ, Pedral-Sampaio D, Bahia F, Pedroso C, Alcantara AP, Sasaki MD, Matos J, Renjifo B, Essex M, Whitmore JB, Agosti JM, Badaro R. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and nucleoside analogue therapy in AIDS. J Infect Dis 2000; 182:1531-5. [PMID: 11023477 DOI: 10.1086/315901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/1999] [Revised: 07/11/2000] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Preliminary preclinical and clinical data suggest that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) may decrease viral replication. Therefore, 105 individuals with AIDS who were receiving nucleoside analogue therapy were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, double-blind study and were randomized to receive either 125 microgram/m(2) of yeast-derived, GM-CSF (sargramostim) or placebo subcutaneously twice weekly for 6 months. Subjects were evaluated for toxicity and disease progression. A significant decrease in mean virus load (VL) was observed for the GM-CSF treatment group at 6 months (-0.07 log(10) vs. -0.60 log(10); P=.02). More subjects achieved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-RNA levels <500 copies/mL at >/=2 evaluations (2% on placebo vs. 11% on GM-CSF; P=.04). Genotypic analysis of 46 subjects demonstrated a lower frequency of zidovudine-resistant mutations among those receiving GM-CSF (80% vs. 50%; P=.04). No difference was observed in the incidence of opportunistic infections (OIs) through 6 months or survival, despite a higher risk for OI among GM-CSF recipients. GM-CSF reduced VL and limited the evolution of zidovudine-resistant genotypes, potentially providing adjunctive therapy in HIV disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Universidade Federal da Bahia and 2Hospital Sao Rafael, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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23
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Figueirôa FL, Andrade Filho AS, Crvalho ES, Brites C, Badaró R. HTLV-I associated myelopathy: clinical and epidemiological profile. Braz J Infect Dis 2000; 4:126-30. [PMID: 10934495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of HTLV-I reaches 1.8% among blood donors in Salvador, and 40% among chronic myelopathy patients in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The present study shows the epidemiological and clinical picture of patients attending the HAM/TSP Outpatient Unit at the Foundation of Neurology and Neorusurgery (FNN). 114 patients had epidemiologic data collected and 51 of these patients, who had regularly attended the HAM/TSP Unit for at least 1 year, were evaluated for signs, symptoms and disease progression. Most of the 114 patients were female (70%), of African descent, and with a mean age of 51. Sexually transmitted diseases and blood transfusion were the most common risk factors. Paraparesis with spasticity was the predominant sign (85%), bladder dysfunction occurred in 75%, intestinal dysfunction was recorded in 48%. Sensory examination was normal in 50% of the cases studied. The patients' functional status, as measured by the Kurtzke Disability Scale, during the 1 year observation period changed only in early disease. Steroid therapy with prednisone was the most commonly used treatment in this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- F L Figueirôa
- Institute, Bahia Medical and Public Health School, University Hospital Prof. Edgard Santos - Laboratory of Retrovirus - Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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24
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Couto-Fernandez JC, Morgado MG, Bongertz V, Tanuri A, Andrade T, Brites C, Galvão-Castro B. HIV-1 subtyping in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil: a city with African sociodemographic characteristics. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 1999; 22:288-93. [PMID: 10770350 DOI: 10.1097/00126334-199911010-00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the prevalence of the HIV-1 subtypes in different populations from Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, blood samples from 72 HIV-1-seropositive injecting drug users (IDUs) and 62 individuals infected sexually were analyzed using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). In the IDU group, 89.5% were classified as subtype B, 3% as subtype F, and 7.5% showed a B/F HMA profile. In the sexual transmission (ST) group, 95% were identified as B subtype, 3.4% showed a B/F profile, and 1.6% a B/C/E HMA profile. All Brazilian samples that showed multiple reactivities in the HMA analysis clustered on sequencing with B North American/ European HIV-1 isolates in the phylogenetic analysis, whereas the F subtypes clustered with F Brazilian HIV-I isolates. Serologic reactivities of IDU's sera were examined using a panel of synthetic V3 loop peptides representative of the different HIV-1 subtypes. No difference in serologic reactivity between F and B subtype plasma could be observed. Predominance of HIV-I subtype B was identified in both study groups, whereas subtype F was detected only among IDUs in a frequency lower than described for other Brazilian regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Couto-Fernandez
- Advanced Laboratory of Public Health-LASP, Gonçalo Moniz Research Center-CPqGM, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, UNAIDS Collaborating Center, Salvador, Bahia.
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25
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Yamashita M, Veronesi R, Menna-Barreto M, Harrington WJ, Sampio C, Brites C, Badaro R, Andrade-Filho AS, Okhura S, Igarashi T, Takehisa J, Miura T, Chamone D, Bianchini O, Jardim C, Sonoda S, Hayami M. Molecular epidemiology of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1) Brazil: the predominant HTLV-1s in South America differ from HTLV-ls of Japan and Africa, as well as those of Japanese immigrants and their relatives in Brazil. Virology 1999; 261:59-69. [PMID: 10484750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the origin of human T-cell leukemia virus type l (HTLV-l) in South America, we conducted a phylogenetic study on 27 new HTLV-ls in Brazil. These were obtained from Brazilians of various ethnic origins, such as Japanese immigrants, whites, blacks and mulattos. We amplified and sequenced proviral DNAs of a part of the long terminal repeats. Phylogenetic trees revealed that all but 6 of the new isolates were not only similar to each other but also similar to HTLV-ls of other South American countries, including those from Amerindians. However, the isolates differed from the HTLV-ls of Africa and Japan. The other six isolates were from Japanese immigrants and were phylogenetically almost identical to HTLV-ls in Japan but different from the majority of South American HTLV-ls, including the other new Brazilian HTLV-ls. These findings indicate that the recent introduction of HTLV-1 from Japan is limited to Japanese immigrants. In addition, the results do not support the prevailing hypothesis that HTLV-ls in South America were introduced by blacks who were brought from Africa as slaves. Rather, these results suggest that the majority of HTLV-1s prevailing in South America have spread from Amerindians, some of whom are likely to have possessed this human retrovirus from the beginning of their settlement in South America.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yamashita
- Laboratory of Viral Pathogenesis, Institute for Virus Research Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.
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26
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Zhang XQ, Fitzpatrick L, Campbell TB, Badaro R, Schechter M, Melo MD, Brites C, Pedral-Sampaio D, Schooley RT. Comparison of the prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 (Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) in Brazil and Colorado. J Infect Dis 1998; 178:1488-91. [PMID: 9780272 DOI: 10.1086/314457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8; Kaposi's sarcoma [KS] herpesvirus) infection was determined by IFA in 297 persons living in Brazil and Colorado. The prevalence of antibody to HHV-8 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-seropositive gay men with and without KS was similar in Brazil and Colorado. In Brazil, the prevalence of HHV-8 antibody was significantly greater in HIV-1-seronegative gay men than in HIV-1-seronegative male intravenous drug users. HHV-8-seropositive Brazilian gay men who had a clinical diagnosis of KS or who were infected with HIV-1 had significantly higher titers of HHV-8 antibody than did HHV-8-seropositive, HIV-1-seronegative Brazilian gay men. These findings provide further support for the association between HHV-8 infection and KS and suggest that, as in the United States, HHV-8 infection is transmitted sexually in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- X q Zhang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, USA
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27
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Machado P, David Y, Pedroso C, Brites C, Barral A, Barral-Netto M. Leprosy and HIV infection in Bahia, Brazil. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis 1998; 66:227-9. [PMID: 9728459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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28
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Andrade-Filho AS, Brites C, dos-Santos SR, Harrington Júnior W, Reinhardt IC, Freitas FM, Silva MC, Badaró R. HTLV-I/II as a common etiology of myelopathies in Bahia, Brazil. Braz J Med Biol Res 1996; 29:757-61. [PMID: 9070387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type I (HTLV-I) is associated with a myelopathy known as tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The prevalence of HTLV-I infection was found to be high in a pilot study in Bahia, Brazil. In the present study, among patients with myelopathy of unclear etiology, 27% (17/62) were immunoblot reactive to HTLV-I/II (serum and CSF), but none of 40 consecutive patients seen at the neurological clinic and having a well-established neurological diagnosis had detectable antibodies against those viruses (discrimination between HTLV-I and HTLV-II was not possible with the tests we used). The clinical syndrome of typical TSP with upper limb hyperreflexia was found to be a significant feature among the HTLV-I/II-seropositive patients compared to seronegative individuals. The 17 HTLV-I/II-reactive individuals had negative tests for syphilis, toxoplasmosis and schistosomiasis. TSP was also associated with female gender (P = 0.001). We conclude that TSP is strongly associated with HTLV-I/II infection in women in Bahia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Andrade-Filho
- Departamento de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil
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29
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Brites C, Pedroso C, Silva N, Johnson WD, Badaró R. The influence of CD4+ T cells, HIV disease stage and zidovudine on HIV isolation in Bahia, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1996; 29:5-9. [PMID: 8851208 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821996000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 isolation was attempted on 72 individuals, including persons with known HIV infection and five without proven HIV infection but with indeterminate Western blot patterns, as well as on low-risk HIV seronegative persons. The ability to detect HIV-1 from culture supernatant by p24 antigen capture assay was evaluated by segregating patients by absolute CD4+ cell counts, clinical stage of disease, p24 antigenemia and zidovudine use. The likelihood of a p24 positive HIV culture was highest among patients with CD4+ T-cell counts below 200/ul and patients with advanced clinical disease. Use of zidovudine did not affect the rate of HIV positivity in cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Brites
- Laboratório de Retrovírus, Hospital Universitáriò Prof. Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
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30
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Ferreira OC, Suleiman G, Brites C, Novoa P, Piovesana M, Suleiman J, Kanayama RH, Russel TR, Zwerner R, Harrington W. A rapid and reliable assay to enumerate CD4+ T lymphocytes in whole blood. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988) 1994; 7:1224-7. [PMID: 7965632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
We compared the performance of a rapid and simple anti-CD4 antibody-coated microsphere assay with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence for quantitation of absolute count of CD4+ T lymphocytes. A longitudinal evaluation of CD4+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and microsphere assay in 10 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative and 59 HIV-seropositive individuals was conducted over a period of 9 months. Standard flow cytometry analysis was performed to establish the absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count. The microsphere assay uses whole blood; CD14+ and CD4+ cells are first blocked by small latex beads coated with anti-CD14 antibody, and remaining cells are stained with larger anti-CD4 antibody-coated beads. Cells rosetted with only anti-CD4 antibody-coated beads are counted with use of a hemacytometer. Immunofluorescence microscopy was performed by standard techniques with use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The predictive value for stratification of HIV-seropositive patients by CD4+ T-lymphocyte values of < 200/microliters was 95% when the microsphere method was compared with flow cytometry. A correlation coefficient of 0.91 between the two assay methods was demonstrated in 281 CD4+ T-lymphocyte tests for absolute count. Finally, the flow cytometry method yielded better results than did the microsphere assay and immunofluorescence microscopy, in descending order of accuracy. The microsphere method should be effective in determining absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count in developing countries where, for a variety of reasons, no other method can be reliably performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- O C Ferreira
- Instituto de Infectologia Emilio Ribas, São Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Moreira ED, Ribeiro TT, Swanson P, Sampaio Filho C, Melo A, Brites C, Badaró R, Toedter G, Lee H, Harrington W. Seroepidemiology of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I/II in northeastern Brazil. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988) 1993; 6:959-963. [PMID: 8315579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the prevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus I/II (HTLV-I/II) infection in Bahia, a state in Northeastern Brazil. Healthy individuals (n = 327) and patients (n = 337) with a variety of diseases were screened for antibodies to HTLV-I/II using an enzyme immunoassay and Western blot. The overall prevalence among healthy subjects was 1.8% (six of 327); among patients it was 18.4% (62 of 337). Patients with AIDS had the highest prevalence of HTLV-I/II infection, 22.7% (20/88), followed by randomly selected patients from an infectious disease hospital, 19.4% (25 of 129), and tuberculosis patients, 11.1% (10 of 90). Four of 14 patients with myelopathy and three of 16 patients with lymphoid leukemia or lymphoma were seropositive for HTLV-I/II. Sixty-three of 68 HTLV-I/II-positive specimens were then typed: 53 patients were HTLV-I positive, three patients were HTLV-II positive, and in seven patients the assay could not distinguish infection by HTLV-I or II. The finding among HIV-seropositive intravenous drug users in Bahia of coinfection with HTLV-I is contrasted with reports from other areas in which dual infection occurs with HTLV-II. Although high prevalence of HTLV-I infection was found in Bahia, the extent and clinical manifestations of HTLV-I/II infection in Brazil remains imprecisely defined, and further studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Moreira
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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32
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Moreira Júnior ED, Silva N, Brites C, Carvalho EM, Bina JC, Badaro R, Johnson WD. Characteristics of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 1993; 48:687-92. [PMID: 8517487 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.1993.48.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied in a tropical area of Brazil. During an 18-month period (July 1989-January 1991), 111 consecutive AIDS patients (102 men and nine women) were evaluated. Patients reported homosexual/bisexual activities (60%), intravenous drug use (19%), or both (6%), heterosexual activities (11%), blood transfusions (2%), and 2% belonged to an undetermined category. Weight loss, fever, oral thrush, and diarrhea were present in > or = 70% of the patients at presentation. An unexpected high frequency of hepatomegaly (49%) was detected, and found to be significantly associated with tuberculosis (P < 0.0001). Although the epidemiologic features of human immunodeficiency virus transmission were comparable to the United States/European pattern, the clinical spectrum of opportunistic infections more closely resembled that reported in Africa and Haiti, with a greater frequency of fungal and mycobacterial infections than Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and viral infections.
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33
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Ribeiro TT, Brites C, Moreira ED, Siller K, Silva N, Johnson WD, Badaro R. Serologic validation of HIV infection in a tropical area. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr (1988) 1993; 6:319-22. [PMID: 8450408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We have defined human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) serologic reactivity in Brazilians living in an area endemic for tropical diseases. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) analyses were performed on 342 patients with diseases including Chagas' disease, schistosomiasis, typhoid fever, helminthiasis, and cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. Nine percent of the visceral leishmaniasis patients' sera reacted in the HIV-1 ELISA but all were WB negative. All other sera from these patients were HIV negative. A total of 224 HIV-1 ELISA repeatedly positive sera also were HIV-1 WB tested. They were drawn from a total population of 19,230 individuals, including AIDS patients, blood donors, homosexual men, intravenous drug users, pregnant women, individuals with hemophiliac, and tuberculosis and sexually transmitted disease patients. The WB results were analyzed using five different interpretive criteria for WB positivity. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria were the most sensitive and specific for identifying HIV-1-infected individuals. The WB pattern was similar to that seen in the United States. Envelope (ENV) protein antibodies were highly predictive of HIV-1 infection; none of the AIDS patients lacked ENV protein reactivity. We conclude that among the tropical diseases studied, only visceral leishmaniasis is associated with false-positive HIV-1 ELISA tests. Current CDC and WHO criteria for interpretation of HIV-1 WB tests are appropriate for Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Ribeiro
- Retrovirus Laboratory, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
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34
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Moreira Júnior ED, Harrington Júnior W, Ribeiro TT, Melo A, Brites C, Badaró R, Swanson P, Lee H. HTLV-II and a new endemic area for HTLV-I in Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1992; 25:141-3. [PMID: 1308940 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821992000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E D Moreira Júnior
- Laboratório de Retrovírus, Hospital Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
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35
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Moreira Júnior ED, Silva N, Barberino MG, Brites C, Johnson Júnior WD, Badaró R. [Identification of isosporiasis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Salvador, Bahia]. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 1991; 24:61-2. [PMID: 1815290 DOI: 10.1590/s0037-86821991000100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E D Moreira Júnior
- Laboratório de Retrovirus do Hospital Professor Edgar Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brasil
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