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Walia Y, de Bock CE, Huang Y. The landscape of alterations affecting epigenetic regulators in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: Roles in leukemogenesis and therapeutic opportunities. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:1522-1536. [PMID: 38155420 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive malignancy accounting for 10%-15% of pediatric and 20%-25% of adult ALL cases. Epigenetic irregularities in T-ALL include alterations in both DNA methylation and the post-translational modifications on histones which together play a critical role in the initiation and development of T-ALL. Characterizing the oncogenic mutations that result in these epigenetic changes combined with the reversibility of epigenetic modifications represents an opportunity for the development of epigenetic therapies. Oncogenic mutations and deregulated expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), Ten-Eleven Translocation dioxygenases (TETs), Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and members of Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 (PRC2) have all been identified in T-ALL. This review focuses on the current understanding of how these mutations lead to epigenetic changes in T-ALL, their association with disease pathogenesis and the current efforts to exploit these clinically through the development of epigenetic therapies in T-ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashna Walia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
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2
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de Bock CE. A new mouse model highlights the need for better JAK inhibitors in myeloproliferative neoplasms. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e66. [PMID: 38566806 PMCID: PMC10986418 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E. de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Clinical MedicineUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
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3
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Randall J, Evans K, Watts B, Kosasih HJ, Smith CM, Earley EJ, Erickson SW, Jocoy EL, Bult CJ, Teicher BA, de Bock CE, Smith MA, Lock RB. In vivo activity of the second-generation proteasome inhibitor ixazomib against pediatric T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenografts. Exp Hematol 2024; 132:104176. [PMID: 38320689 PMCID: PMC10978271 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2024.104176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The overall survival rate of patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is now 90%, although patients with relapsed T-ALL face poor prognosis. The ubiquitin-proteasome system maintains normal protein homeostasis, and aberrations in this pathway are associated with T-ALL. Here we demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo activity of ixazomib, a second-generation orally available, reversible, and selective proteasome inhibitor against pediatric T-ALL cell lines and patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) grown orthotopically in immunodeficient NOD.Cg-PrkdcscidIL2rgtm1Wjl/SzJAusb (NSG) mice. Ixazomib was highly potent in vitro, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the low nanomolar range. As a monotherapy, ixazomib significantly extended mouse event-free survival of five out of eight T-ALL PDXs in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Randall
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Evans
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ben Watts
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hansen J Kosasih
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Christopher M Smith
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eric J Earley
- RTI International, Research Triangle Park, Research Triangle, NC
| | | | | | | | | | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales Medicine & Health, Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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4
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Duchatel RJ, Jackson ER, Parackal SG, Kiltschewskij D, Findlay IJ, Mannan A, Staudt DE, Thomas BC, Germon ZP, Laternser S, Kearney PS, Jamaluddin MFB, Douglas AM, Beitaki T, McEwen HP, Persson ML, Hocke EA, Jain V, Aksu M, Manning EE, Murray HC, Verrills NM, Sun CX, Daniel P, Vilain RE, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Nixon B, Hua S, de Bock CE, Colino-Sanguino Y, Valdes-Mora F, Tsoli M, Ziegler DS, Cairns MJ, Raabe EH, Vitanza NA, Hulleman E, Phoenix TN, Koschmann C, Alvaro F, Dayas CV, Tinkle CL, Wheeler H, Whittle JR, Eisenstat DD, Firestein R, Mueller S, Valvi S, Hansford JR, Ashley DM, Gregory SG, Kilburn LB, Nazarian J, Cain JE, Dun MD. PI3K/mTOR is a therapeutically targetable genetic dependency in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e170329. [PMID: 38319732 PMCID: PMC10940093 DOI: 10.1172/jci170329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), including tumors diagnosed in the brainstem (diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; DIPG), are uniformly fatal brain tumors that lack effective treatment. Analysis of CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function gene deletion screens identified PIK3CA and MTOR as targetable molecular dependencies across patient derived models of DIPG, highlighting the therapeutic potential of the blood-brain barrier-penetrant PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor, paxalisib. At the human-equivalent maximum tolerated dose, mice treated with paxalisib experienced systemic glucose feedback and increased insulin levels commensurate with patients using PI3K inhibitors. To exploit genetic dependence and overcome resistance while maintaining compliance and therapeutic benefit, we combined paxalisib with the antihyperglycemic drug metformin. Metformin restored glucose homeostasis and decreased phosphorylation of the insulin receptor in vivo, a common mechanism of PI3K-inhibitor resistance, extending survival of orthotopic models. DIPG models treated with paxalisib increased calcium-activated PKC signaling. The brain penetrant PKC inhibitor enzastaurin, in combination with paxalisib, synergistically extended the survival of multiple orthotopic patient-derived and immunocompetent syngeneic allograft models; benefits potentiated in combination with metformin and standard-of-care radiotherapy. Therapeutic adaptation was assessed using spatial transcriptomics and ATAC-Seq, identifying changes in myelination and tumor immune microenvironment crosstalk. Collectively, this study has identified what we believe to be a clinically relevant DIPG therapeutic combinational strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Duchatel
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Evangeline R. Jackson
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah G. Parackal
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dylan Kiltschewskij
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Izac J. Findlay
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dilana E. Staudt
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bryce C. Thomas
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zacary P. Germon
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra Laternser
- DIPG/DMG Research Center Zurich, Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Padraic S. Kearney
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - M. Fairuz B. Jamaluddin
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alicia M. Douglas
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Tyrone Beitaki
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Holly P. McEwen
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mika L. Persson
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emily A. Hocke
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Vaibhav Jain
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Michael Aksu
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elizabeth E. Manning
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Heather C. Murray
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nicole M. Verrills
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Claire Xin Sun
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paul Daniel
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ricardo E. Vilain
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David A. Skerrett-Byrne
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Infertility and Reproduction Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Hua
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charles E. de Bock
- Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yolanda Colino-Sanguino
- Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Fatima Valdes-Mora
- Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Children’s Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales (UNSW) Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, New South Wales, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Murray J. Cairns
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eric H. Raabe
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicholas A. Vitanza
- Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Esther Hulleman
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Timothy N. Phoenix
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Carl Koschmann
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Frank Alvaro
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- John Hunter Children’s Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher V. Dayas
- School of Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christopher L. Tinkle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Helen Wheeler
- Department of Radiation Oncology Northern Sydney Cancer Centre, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- The Brain Cancer group, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - James R. Whittle
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David D. Eisenstat
- Children’s Cancer Centre, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Neuro-Oncology Laboratory, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ron Firestein
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sabine Mueller
- DIPG/DMG Research Center Zurich, Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Santosh Valvi
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Oncology/Haematology, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, Washington, Australia
- Brain Tumour Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Washington, Australia
- Division of Paediatrics, University of Western Australia Medical School, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jordan R. Hansford
- Michael Rice Centre for Hematology and Oncology, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australia Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- South Australian Immunogenomics Cancer Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - David M. Ashley
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Simon G. Gregory
- Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- The Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center at Duke, Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lindsay B. Kilburn
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Javad Nazarian
- DIPG/DMG Research Center Zurich, Children’s Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, University Children’s Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Center for Genetic Medicine Research, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- The George Washington University, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jason E. Cain
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew D. Dun
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- Paediatric Stream, Mark Hughes Foundation Centre for Brain Cancer Research, College of Health, Medicine, and Wellbeing, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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5
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Kosasih HJ, Healey G, Brennan MS, Bjelosevic S, Sadras T, Jalud FB, Ibnat T, Ng AP, Mayoh C, Mao J, Tax G, Ludlow LEA, Johnstone RW, Herold MJ, Khaw SL, de Bock CE, Ekert PG. A novel MYB::PAIP1 oncogenic fusion in pediatric blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is dependent on BCL2 expression and is sensitive to venetoclax. Hemasphere 2024; 8:e1. [PMID: 38435422 PMCID: PMC10878182 DOI: 10.1002/hem3.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hansen J. Kosasih
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Gerry Healey
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Olivia Newton‐John Cancer Research InstituteHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Margs S. Brennan
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medicine Huddinge, Centre for Haematology and Regenerative MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Stefan Bjelosevic
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Teresa Sadras
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Tasnia Ibnat
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ashley P. Ng
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of BiologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Jie Mao
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Gabor Tax
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & HealthUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Louise E. A. Ludlow
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Ricky W. Johnstone
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Marco J. Herold
- The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical ResearchParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Olivia Newton‐John Cancer Research InstituteHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Medical BiologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- School of Cancer MedicineLa Trobe UniversityHeidelbergVictoriaAustralia
| | - Seong L. Khaw
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Charles E. de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- School of Women's and Children's HealthUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Paul G. Ekert
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research CentreUNSW SydneyKensingtonNew South WalesAustralia
- Peter MacCallum Cancer CentreMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of OncologyUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & HealthUNSW SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
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6
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Omari SA, Kosasih HJ, Chung T, de Bock CE. In vitro and in vivo modelling of mutant JAK3/STAT5 signaling in leukemia. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22085. [PMID: 38053908 PMCID: PMC10694137 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations within the IL7-R-JAK-STAT signaling pathway are important drivers of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Here we describe the important steps required to generate retroviral particles for the stable expression of mutant JAK3 constructs that induce constitutive JAK/STAT signaling. These are subsequently used for the viral transduction of the IL-3 cytokine-dependent Ba/F3 cell line or murine hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) for in vitro and in vivo modelling of cytokine-independent growth or leukemia initiation respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A. Omari
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Hansen J. Kosasih
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Thomas Chung
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Charles E. de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
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7
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Moles E, Howard CB, Huda P, Karsa M, McCalmont H, Kimpton K, Duly A, Chen Y, Huang Y, Tursky ML, Ma D, Bustamante S, Pickford R, Connerty P, Omari S, Jolly CJ, Joshi S, Shen S, Pimanda JE, Dolnikov A, Cheung LC, Kotecha RS, Norris MD, Haber M, de Bock CE, Somers K, Lock RB, Thurecht KJ, Kavallaris M. Delivery of PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin by bispecific antibodies improves treatment in models of high-risk childhood leukemia. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabm1262. [PMID: 37196067 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abm1262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
High-risk childhood leukemia has a poor prognosis because of treatment failure and toxic side effects of therapy. Drug encapsulation into liposomal nanocarriers has shown clinical success at improving biodistribution and tolerability of chemotherapy. However, enhancements in drug efficacy have been limited because of a lack of selectivity of the liposomal formulations for the cancer cells. Here, we report on the generation of bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) with dual binding to a leukemic cell receptor, such as CD19, CD20, CD22, or CD38, and methoxy polyethylene glycol (PEG) for the targeted delivery of PEGylated liposomal drugs to leukemia cells. This liposome targeting system follows a "mix-and-match" principle where BsAbs were selected on the specific receptors expressed on leukemia cells. BsAbs improved the targeting and cytotoxic activity of a clinically approved and low-toxic PEGylated liposomal formulation of doxorubicin (Caelyx) toward leukemia cell lines and patient-derived samples that are immunophenotypically heterogeneous and representative of high-risk subtypes of childhood leukemia. BsAb-assisted improvements in leukemia cell targeting and cytotoxic potency of Caelyx correlated with receptor expression and were minimally detrimental in vitro and in vivo toward expansion and functionality of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells and hematopoietic progenitors. Targeted delivery of Caelyx using BsAbs further enhanced leukemia suppression while reducing drug accumulation in the heart and kidneys and extended overall survival in patient-derived xenograft models of high-risk childhood leukemia. Our methodology using BsAbs therefore represents an attractive targeting platform to potentiate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of liposomal drugs for improved treatment of high-risk leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Moles
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher B Howard
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Pie Huda
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Mawar Karsa
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kathleen Kimpton
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Alastair Duly
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Yongjuan Chen
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Melinda L Tursky
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - David Ma
- Department of Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplant, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research (AMR), Sydney 2010, Australia
- St Vincent Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sonia Bustamante
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Patrick Connerty
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sofia Omari
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Christopher J Jolly
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Swapna Joshi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Sylvie Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - John E Pimanda
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney 2031, Australia
| | - Alla Dolnikov
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Laurence C Cheung
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia 6102, Australia
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Murray D Norris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Klaartje Somers
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Kristofer J Thurecht
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technologies, University of Queensland, St Lucia 4072, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney 2052, Australia
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8
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Germon ZP, Sillar JR, Mannan A, Duchatel RJ, Staudt D, Murray HC, Findlay IJ, Jackson ER, McEwen HP, Douglas AM, McLachlan T, Schjenken JE, Skerrett-Byrne DA, Huang H, Melo-Braga MN, Plank MW, Alvaro F, Chamberlain J, De Iuliis G, Aitken RJ, Nixon B, Wei AH, Enjeti AK, Huang Y, Lock RB, Larsen MR, Lee H, Vaghjiani V, Cain JE, de Bock CE, Verrills NM, Dun MD. Blockade of ROS production inhibits oncogenic signaling in acute myeloid leukemia and amplifies response to precision therapies. Sci Signal 2023; 16:eabp9586. [PMID: 36976863 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abp9586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the type III receptor tyrosine kinase FLT3 are frequent in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and are associated with a poor prognosis. AML is characterized by the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can induce cysteine oxidation in redox-sensitive signaling proteins. Here, we sought to characterize the specific pathways affected by ROS in AML by assessing oncogenic signaling in primary AML samples. The oxidation or phosphorylation of signaling proteins that mediate growth and proliferation was increased in samples from patient subtypes with FLT3 mutations. These samples also showed increases in the oxidation of proteins in the ROS-producing Rac/NADPH oxidase-2 (NOX2) complex. Inhibition of NOX2 increased the apoptosis of FLT3-mutant AML cells in response to FLT3 inhibitors. NOX2 inhibition also reduced the phosphorylation and cysteine oxidation of FLT3 in patient-derived xenograft mouse models, suggesting that decreased oxidative stress reduces the oncogenic signaling of FLT3. In mice grafted with FLT3 mutant AML cells, treatment with a NOX2 inhibitor reduced the number of circulating cancer cells, and combining FLT3 and NOX2 inhibitors increased survival to a greater extent than either treatment alone. Together, these data raise the possibility that combining NOX2 and FLT3 inhibitors could improve the treatment of FLT3 mutant AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zacary P Germon
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan R Sillar
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia
| | - Abdul Mannan
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan J Duchatel
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Dilana Staudt
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Heather C Murray
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Izac J Findlay
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Evangeline R Jackson
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Holly P McEwen
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Alicia M Douglas
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Tabitha McLachlan
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - John E Schjenken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - David A Skerrett-Byrne
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Honggang Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Protein Research Group, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Marcella N Melo-Braga
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Protein Research Group, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maximilian W Plank
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- GlaxoSmithKline, Abbotsford, Victoria, Australia
| | - Frank Alvaro
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Janis Chamberlain
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoff De Iuliis
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - R John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew H Wei
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anoop K Enjeti
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
- Department of Haematology, Calvary Mater Hospital, Waratah, NSW, Australia
- NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Yizhou Huang
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Martin R Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Protein Research Group, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Heather Lee
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Vijesh Vaghjiani
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jason E Cain
- Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Centre, School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole M Verrills
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew D Dun
- Cancer Signalling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- Precision Medicine Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
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9
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Connerty P, Moles E, de Bock CE, Jayatilleke N, Smith JL, Meshinchi S, Mayoh C, Kavallaris M, Lock RB. Development of siRNA-Loaded Lipid Nanoparticles Targeting Long Non-Coding RNA LINC01257 as a Novel and Safe Therapeutic Approach for t(8;21) Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13101681. [PMID: 34683974 PMCID: PMC8539450 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Standard of care therapies for children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cause potent off-target toxicity to healthy cells, highlighting the need to develop new therapeutic approaches that are safe and specific for leukemia cells. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are an emerging and highly attractive therapeutic target in the treatment of cancer due to their oncogenic functions and selective expression in cancer cells. However, lncRNAs have historically been considered ‘undruggable’ targets because they do not encode for a protein product. Here, we describe the development of a new siRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticle for the therapeutic silencing of the novel oncogenic lncRNA LINC01257. Transcriptomic analysis of children with AML identified LINC01257 as specifically expressed in t(8;21) AML and absent in healthy patients. Using NxGen microfluidic technology, we efficiently and reproducibly packaged anti-LINC01257 siRNA (LNP-si-LINC01257) into lipid nanoparticles based on the FDA-approved Patisiran (Onpattro®) formulation. LNP-si-LINC01257 size and ζ-potential were determined by dynamic light scattering using a Malvern Zetasizer Ultra. LNP-si-LINC01257 internalization and siRNA delivery were verified by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. lncRNA knockdown was determined by RT-qPCR and cell viability was characterized by flow cytometry-based apoptosis assay. LNP-siRNA production yielded a mean LNP size of ~65 nm with PDI ≤ 0.22 along with a >85% siRNA encapsulation rate. LNP-siRNAs were efficiently taken up by Kasumi-1 cells (>95% of cells) and LNP-si-LINC01257 treatment was able to successfully ablate LINC01257 expression which was accompanied by a significant 55% reduction in total cell count following 48 h of treatment. In contrast, healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which do not express LINC01257, were unaffected by LNP-si-LINC01257 treatment despite comparable levels of LNP-siRNA uptake. This is the first report demonstrating the use of LNP-assisted RNA interference modalities for the silencing of cancer-driving lncRNAs as a therapeutically viable and non-toxic approach in the management of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Connerty
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Ernest Moles
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Charles E. de Bock
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Nisitha Jayatilleke
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Jenny L. Smith
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.L.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Soheil Meshinchi
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA; (J.L.S.); (S.M.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Kavallaris
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Australian Centre for Nanomedicine, ARC Centre of Excellence in Bio-Nano Science and Technology, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard B. Lock
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (P.C.); (E.M.); (C.E.d.B.); (N.J.); (C.M.); (M.K.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- University of New South Wales Centre for Childhood Cancer Research, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-(02)-7209-6765
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10
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Van Thillo Q, De Bie J, Seneviratne JA, Demeyer S, Omari S, Balachandran A, Zhai V, Tam WL, Sweron B, Geerdens E, Gielen O, Provost S, Segers H, Boeckx N, Marshall GM, Cheung BB, Isobe K, Kato I, Takita J, Amos TG, Deveson IW, McCalmont H, Lock RB, Oxley EP, Garwood MM, Dickins RA, Uyttebroeck A, Carter DR, Cools J, de Bock CE. Oncogenic cooperation between TCF7-SPI1 and NRAS(G12D) requires β-catenin activity to drive T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Nat Commun 2021; 12:4164. [PMID: 34230493 PMCID: PMC8260768 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Spi-1 Proto-Oncogene (SPI1) fusion genes are recurrently found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cases but are insufficient to drive leukemogenesis. Here we show that SPI1 fusions in combination with activating NRAS mutations drive an immature T-ALL in vivo using a conditional bone marrow transplant mouse model. Addition of the oncogenic fusion to the NRAS mutation also results in a higher leukemic stem cell frequency. Mechanistically, genetic deletion of the β-catenin binding domain within Transcription factor 7 (TCF7)-SPI1 or use of a TCF/β-catenin interaction antagonist abolishes the oncogenic activity of the fusion. Targeting the TCF7-SPI1 fusion in vivo with a doxycycline-inducible knockdown results in increased differentiation. Moreover, both pharmacological and genetic inhibition lead to down-regulation of SPI1 targets. Together, our results reveal an example where TCF7-SPI1 leukemia is vulnerable to pharmacological targeting of the TCF/β-catenin interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Van Thillo
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Bie
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Human Genetics, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Janith A Seneviratne
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofia Omari
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anushree Balachandran
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vicki Zhai
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wai L Tam
- Technology Innovation Lab, VIB, Gent, Belgium
| | - Bram Sweron
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Geerdens
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Gielen
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Provost
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heidi Segers
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nancy Boeckx
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Glenn M Marshall
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Belamy B Cheung
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kiyotaka Isobe
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Itaru Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Timothy G Amos
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ira W Deveson
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hannah McCalmont
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ethan P Oxley
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Maximilian M Garwood
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ross A Dickins
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Daniel R Carter
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jan Cools
- Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, UNSW Sydney, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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11
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Verbeke D, Demeyer S, Prieto C, de Bock CE, De Bie J, Gielen O, Jacobs K, Mentens N, Verhoeven BM, Uyttebroeck A, Boeckx N, De Keersmaecker K, Maertens J, Segers H, Cools J. The XPO1 Inhibitor KPT-8602 Synergizes with Dexamethasone in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2020; 26:5747-5758. [PMID: 32826328 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-20-1315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE KPT-8602 (Eltanexor) is a second-generation exportin-1 (XPO1) inhibitor with potent activity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in preclinical models and with minimal effects on normal cells. In this study, we evaluated whether KPT-8602 would synergize with dexamethasone, vincristine, or doxorubicin, three drugs currently used for the treatment of ALL. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN First, we searched for the most synergistic combination of KPT-8602 with dexamethasone, vincristine, or doxorubicin in vitro in both B-ALL and T-ALL cell lines using proliferation and apoptosis as a readout. Next, we validated this synergistic effect by treatment of clinically relevant B- and T-ALL patient-derived xenograft models in vivo. Finally, we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) to determine the mechanism of synergy. RESULTS KPT-8602 showed strong synergism with dexamethasone on human B-ALL and T-ALL cell lines as well as in vivo in three patient-derived ALL xenografts. Compared with single-drug treatment, the drug combination caused increased apoptosis and led to histone depletion. Mechanistically, integration of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data revealed that addition of KPT-8602 to dexamethasone enhanced the activity of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) and led to increased inhibition of E2F-mediated transcription. We observed strong inhibition of E2F target genes related to cell cycle, DNA replication, and transcriptional regulation. CONCLUSIONS Our preclinical study demonstrates that KPT-8602 enhances the effects of dexamethasone to inhibit B-ALL and T-ALL cells via NR3C1- and E2F-mediated transcriptional complexes, allowing to achieve increased dexamethasone effects for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Verbeke
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cristina Prieto
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jolien De Bie
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Gielen
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kris Jacobs
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Mentens
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bronte Manouk Verhoeven
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anne Uyttebroeck
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nancy Boeckx
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim De Keersmaecker
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Maertens
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Hematology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Heidi Segers
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
- Leuvens Kanker Instituut (LKI), KU Leuven - UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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12
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Laukkanen S, Oksa L, Nikkilä A, Lahnalampi M, Parikka M, Seki M, Takita J, Degerman S, de Bock CE, Heinäniemi M, Lohi O. SIX6 is a TAL1-regulated transcription factor in T-ALL and associated with inferior outcome. Leuk Lymphoma 2020; 61:3089-3100. [PMID: 32835548 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2020.1804560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a hematological malignancy driven by abnormal activity of transcription factors. Here we report an aberrant expression of the developmental transcription factor SIX6 in the TAL1-subtype of T-ALL. Our results demonstrate that the binding of TAL1 and GATA3 transcription factors into an upstream enhancer element directly regulates SIX6 expression. High expression of SIX6 was associated with inferior event-free survival within three independent patient cohorts. At a functional level, CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of the SIX6 gene in TAL1 positive Jurkat cells induced changes in genes associated with the mTOR-, K-RAS-, and TNFα-related molecular signatures but did not impair cell proliferation or viability. There was also no acceleration of T-ALL development within a Myc driven zebrafish tumor model in vivo. Taken together, our results show that SIX6 belongs to the TAL1 regulatory gene network in T-ALL but is alone insufficient to influence the development or maintenance of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saara Laukkanen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Oksa
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Atte Nikkilä
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mari Lahnalampi
- The Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mataleena Parikka
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, BioMediTech, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Oral and Maxillofacial Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Masafumi Seki
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Junko Takita
- Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sofie Degerman
- Department of Medical Biosciences and Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, Sydney, Australia.,School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- The Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere Center for Child Health Research, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.,Tays Cancer Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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13
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Dun MD, Mannan A, Rigby CJ, Butler S, Toop HD, Beck D, Connerty P, Sillar J, Kahl RGS, Duchatel RJ, Germon Z, Faulkner S, Chi M, Skerrett-Byrne D, Murray HC, Flanagan H, Almazi JG, Hondermarck H, Nixon B, De Iuliis G, Chamberlain J, Alvaro F, de Bock CE, Morris JC, Enjeti AK, Verrills NM. Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) protein is a direct inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity and overexpressed in acute myeloid leukaemia. Leukemia 2020; 34:3393-3397. [PMID: 32269318 PMCID: PMC7685970 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Dun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
| | - Abdul Mannan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Callum J Rigby
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen Butler
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hamish D Toop
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Dominik Beck
- Centre for Health Technologies and the School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Lowy Cancer Research Centre and the Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Patrick Connerty
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan Sillar
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard G S Kahl
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Ryan J Duchatel
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Zacary Germon
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Sam Faulkner
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Mengna Chi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - David Skerrett-Byrne
- Reproductive Science Group, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Heather C Murray
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Hayley Flanagan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Juhura G Almazi
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Reproductive Science Group, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Geoff De Iuliis
- Reproductive Science Group, Faculty of Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Janis Chamberlain
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Frank Alvaro
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute Australia, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anoop K Enjeti
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Calvary Mater Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.,NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Lookout Road, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole M Verrills
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. .,Hunter Medical Research Institute, Cancer Research Program, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.
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14
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Abstract
Cellular stress can occur in many forms; oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), metabolic stress from increased metabolic programs and genotoxic stress in the form of DNA damage and disrepair. In most instances, these different types of cell stress initiate programmed cell death. However, in cancer, cells are able to resist cellular stress and by-pass growth limiting checkpoints. Recent findings have now revealed that the large and heterogenous RNA species known as long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are major players in regulating and overcoming cancer cell stress. lncRNAs constitute a significant fraction of the genes differentially expressed in response to cell stress and contribute to the management of downstream cellular processes, including the regulation of key stress responses such as metabolic stress, oxidative stress and genotoxic stress. This review highlights the complex regulatory role of lncRNAs in the cell stress response of cancer by providing an overview of key examples from recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Connerty
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Charles E. de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, School of Women's and Children's Health, Lowy Cancer Centre, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, NSW, Australia
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15
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Habets RA, de Bock CE, Serneels L, Lodewijckx I, Verbeke D, Nittner D, Narlawar R, Demeyer S, Dooley J, Liston A, Taghon T, Cools J, de Strooper B. Safe targeting of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by pathology-specific NOTCH inhibition. Sci Transl Med 2019; 11:11/494/eaau6246. [DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aau6246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Given the high frequency of activating NOTCH1 mutations in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), inhibition of the γ-secretase complex remains an attractive target to prevent ligand-independent release of the cytoplasmic tail and oncogenic NOTCH1 signaling. However, four different γ-secretase complexes exist, and available inhibitors block all complexes equally. As a result, these cause severe “on-target” gastrointestinal tract, skin, and thymus toxicity, limiting their therapeutic application. Here, we demonstrate that genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of the presenilin-1 (PSEN1) subclass of γ-secretase complexes is highly effective in decreasing leukemia while avoiding dose-limiting toxicities. Clinically, T-ALL samples were found to selectively express only PSEN1-containing γ-secretase complexes. The conditional knockout of Psen1 in developing T cells attenuated the development of a mutant NOTCH1-driven leukemia in mice in vivo but did not abrogate normal T cell development. Treatment of T-ALL cell lines with the selective PSEN1 inhibitor MRK-560 effectively decreased mutant NOTCH1 processing and led to cell cycle arrest. These observations were extended to T-ALL patient-derived xenografts in vivo, demonstrating that MRK-560 treatment decreases leukemia burden and increased overall survival without any associated gut toxicity. Therefore, PSEN1-selective compounds provide a potential therapeutic strategy for safe and effective targeting of T-ALL and possibly also for other diseases in which NOTCH signaling plays a role.
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16
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Ahmed AF, de Bock CE, Sontag E, Hondermarck H, Lincz LF, Thorne RF. FAT1 cadherin controls neuritogenesis during NTera2 cell differentiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 514:625-631. [PMID: 31076104 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Fat1 cadherin is broadly expressed throughout the nervous system and has been implicated in neuronal differentiation. Here we examined the functional contribution of FAT1 during neuronal differentiation of the Ntera2 cell line model. FAT1 expression was increased during the retinoic acid (RA)-induced differentiation of NTera2 cells. Depletion of FAT1 with siRNA decreased the number of neurites produced after RA treatment. Moreover, FAT1 silencing also led to decreased Ser127-phosphorylation of YAP along with transcriptional increases in the Hippo target genes CTGF and ANKRD1, suggesting FAT1 alters Hippo signalling during differentiation. In the context of the Ntera2 model, FAT1 is required for efficient neuritogenesis, acting as a regulator of neurite formation during the early stages of differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrzag F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Elmergib University, Alkhoms, Libya; School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia
| | - Estelle Sontag
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, 2305, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, 2305, Australia
| | - Lisa F Lincz
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, New South Wales, 2305, Australia; Hunter Haematology Research Group, Calvary Mater Newcastle Hospital, Waratah, NSW, 2298, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 450053, Zhengzhou, China; School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, 2258, Australia.
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17
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de Bock CE, Down M, Baidya K, Sweron B, Boyd AW, Fiers M, Burns GF, Molloy TJ, Lock RB, Soulier J, Taghon T, Van Vlierberghe P, Cools J, Holst J, Thorne RF. T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias express a unique truncated FAT1 isoform that cooperates with NOTCH1 in leukemia development. Haematologica 2018; 104:e204-e207. [PMID: 30514801 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.198424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Belgium .,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle Down
- Leukaemia Foundation Laboratory, QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kinsha Baidya
- School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Bram Sweron
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrew W Boyd
- Leukaemia Foundation Laboratory, QIMR-Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Fiers
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain & Disease Research, Belgium
| | - Gordon F Burns
- Cancer Research Unit, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Timothy J Molloy
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Richard B Lock
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Jean Soulier
- U944 INSERM and Hematology laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, France
| | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jeff Holst
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- Translational Research Institute, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China .,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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18
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Baens M, Stirparo R, Lampi Y, Verbeke D, Vandepoel R, Cools J, Marynen P, de Bock CE, Bornschein S. Malt1 self-cleavage is critical for regulatory T cell homeostasis and anti-tumor immunity in mice. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1728-1738. [PMID: 30025160 PMCID: PMC6220888 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue 1 (Malt1) regulates immune cell function by mediating the activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling through both its adaptor and proteolytic function. Malt1 is also a target of its own protease activity and this self-cleavage further contributes to NF-κB activity. Until now, the functional distinction between Malt1 self-cleavage and its general protease function in regulating NF-κB signaling and immune activation remained unclear. Here we demonstrate, using a new mouse model, the importance of Malt1 self-cleavage in regulating expression of NF-κB target genes and subsequent T cell activation. Significantly, we further establish that Treg homeostasis is critically linked to Malt1 function via a Treg intrinsic and extrinsic mechanism. TCR-mediated Malt1 proteolytic activity and self-cleavage was found to drive Il2 expression in conventional CD4+ T cells, thereby regulating Il2 availability for Treg homeostasis. Remarkably, the loss of Malt1-mediated self-cleavage alone was sufficient to cause a significant Treg deficit resulting in increased anti-tumor immune reactivity without associated autoimmunity complications. These results establish for the first time that inhibition of MALT1 proteolytic activity could be a viable therapeutic strategy to augment anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathijs Baens
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Brain & Disease ResearchLeuvenBelgium
- Cistim Leuven vzwLeuvenBelgium
| | - Rocco Stirparo
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Youlia Lampi
- Switch LaboratoryVIBLeuvenBelgium
- KU Leuven Department for Cellular and MolecularLeuvenBelgium
| | - Delphine Verbeke
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Roel Vandepoel
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Charles E. de Bock
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
| | - Simon Bornschein
- KU Leuven Department of Human GeneticsLeuvenBelgium
- VIB Center for Cancer BiologyLeuvenBelgium
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19
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Vicente C, Stirparo R, Demeyer S, de Bock CE, Gielen O, Atkins M, Yan J, Halder G, Hassan BA, Cools J. The CCR4-NOT complex is a tumor suppressor in Drosophila melanogaster eye cancer models. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:108. [PMID: 30144809 PMCID: PMC6109294 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0650-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CNOT3 protein is a subunit of the CCR4-NOT complex, which is involved in mRNA degradation. We recently identified CNOT3 loss-of-function mutations in patients with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). METHODS Here, we use different Drosophila melanogaster eye cancer models to study the potential tumor suppressor function of Not3, the CNOT3 orthologue, and other members of the CCR4-NOT complex. RESULTS Our data show that knockdown of Not3, the structural components Not1/Not2, and the deadenylases twin/Pop2 all result in increased tumor formation. In addition, overexpression of Not3 could reduce tumor formation. Not3 downregulation has a mild but broad effect on gene expression and leads to increased levels of genes involved in DNA replication and ribosome biogenesis. CycB upregulation also contributes to the Not3 tumor phenotype. Similar findings were obtained in human T-ALL cell lines, pointing out the conserved function of Not3. CONCLUSIONS Together, our data establish a critical role for Not3 and the entire CCR4-NOT complex as tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Vicente
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium. .,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. .,Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, Av. de Pío XII, 55, 31008, Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Rocco Stirparo
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Gielen
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mardelle Atkins
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jiekun Yan
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Georg Halder
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bassem A Hassan
- Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Center for Brain & Disease Research, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epinière (ICM) - Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, UPMC, Sorbonne Universités, Inserm, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Jan Cools
- Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium. .,Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 912, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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20
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Vanden Bempt M, Demeyer S, Broux M, De Bie J, Bornschein S, Mentens N, Vandepoel R, Geerdens E, Radaelli E, Bornhauser BC, Kulozik AE, Meijerink JP, Bourquin JP, de Bock CE, Cools J. Cooperative Enhancer Activation by TLX1 and STAT5 Drives Development of NUP214-ABL1/TLX1-Positive T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2018; 34:271-285.e7. [PMID: 30107177 PMCID: PMC6097876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2018.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The NUP214-ABL1 fusion is a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase that is significantly associated with overexpression of the TLX1 and TLX3 transcription factors in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Here we show that NUP214-ABL1 cooperates with TLX1 in driving T-ALL development using a transgenic mouse model and human T-ALL cells. Using integrated ChIP-sequencing, ATAC-sequencing, and RNA-sequencing data, we demonstrate that TLX1 and STAT5, the downstream effector of NUP214-ABL1, co-bind poised enhancer regions, and cooperatively activate the expression of key proto-oncogenes such as MYC and BCL2. Inhibition of STAT5, downregulation of TLX1 or MYC, or interference with enhancer function through BET-inhibitor treatment leads to reduction of target gene expression and induction of leukemia cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Vanden Bempt
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michaël Broux
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Bie
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Bornschein
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Nicole Mentens
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roel Vandepoel
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Geerdens
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Beat C Bornhauser
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas E Kulozik
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Heidelberg University Children's Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany; Hopp Children's Cancer Center at the NCT Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jules P Meijerink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Pierre Bourquin
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Charles E de Bock
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; VIB Center for Cancer Biology, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.
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21
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Verboom K, Van Loocke W, Volders PJ, Decaesteker B, Cobos FA, Bornschein S, de Bock CE, Atak ZK, Clappier E, Aerts S, Cools J, Soulier J, Taghon T, Van Vlierberghe P, Vandesompele J, Speleman F, Durinck K. A comprehensive inventory of TLX1 controlled long non-coding RNAs in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia through polyA+ and total RNA sequencing. Haematologica 2018; 103:e585-e589. [PMID: 29954933 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2018.190587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Verboom
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Volders
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium.,Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB-UGent, Ghent, Belgium.,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent from Nucleotides to Networks, BIG N2N, Belgium
| | - Bieke Decaesteker
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Francisco Avila Cobos
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium.,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent from Nucleotides to Networks, BIG N2N, Belgium
| | - Simon Bornschein
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles E de Bock
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zeynep Kalender Atak
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Computational Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Stein Aerts
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, Laboratory of Computational Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, Belgium.,VIB Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean Soulier
- Hôpital Saint Louis, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Paris, France
| | - Tom Taghon
- Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jo Vandesompele
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium.,Bioinformatics Institute Ghent from Nucleotides to Networks, BIG N2N, Belgium
| | - Frank Speleman
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium.,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kaat Durinck
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University, Belgium .,Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Belgium
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22
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de Bock CE, Cools J. JAK3 mutations and HOXA9 expression are important cooperating events in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Cell Oncol 2018; 5:e1458014. [PMID: 30250904 PMCID: PMC6149783 DOI: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1458014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sequencing data from large cohorts of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients identified a significant association between the presence of JAK3 mutations and ectopic HOXA9 expression. Mouse models using a constitutive or novel inducible retroviral expression vector to express the JAK3(M511I) mutant and HOXA9 led to the development of an aggressive leukemia in vivo, with shorter latency than JAK3(M511I) or HOXA9 alone. This was primarily due to the co-binding of STAT5 and HOXA9 to the same genomic loci leading to increased oncogenic JAK-STAT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
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23
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de Bock CE, Demeyer S, Degryse S, Verbeke D, Sweron B, Gielen O, Vandepoel R, Vicente C, Vanden Bempt M, Dagklis A, Geerdens E, Bornschein S, Gijsbers R, Soulier J, Meijerink JP, Heinäniemi M, Teppo S, Bouvy-Liivrand M, Lohi O, Radaelli E, Cools J. HOXA9 Cooperates with Activated JAK/STAT Signaling to Drive Leukemia Development. Cancer Discov 2018; 8:616-631. [PMID: 29496663 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-17-0583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is caused by the accumulation of multiple genomic lesions in hematopoietic precursor cells. However, how these events cooperate during oncogenic transformation remains poorly understood. We studied the cooperation between activated JAK3/STAT5 signaling and HOXA9 overexpression, two events identified as significantly co-occurring in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expression of mutant JAK3 and HOXA9 led to a rapid development of leukemia originating from multipotent or lymphoid-committed progenitors, with a significant decrease in disease latency compared with JAK3 or HOXA9 alone. Integrated RNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing, and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) revealed that STAT5 and HOXA9 have co-occupancy across the genome, resulting in enhanced STAT5 transcriptional activity and ectopic activation of FOS/JUN (AP1). Our data suggest that oncogenic transcription factors such as HOXA9 provide a fertile ground for specific signaling pathways to thrive, explaining why JAK/STAT pathway mutations accumulate in HOXA9-expressing cells.Significance: The mechanism of oncogene cooperation in cancer development remains poorly characterized. In this study, we model the cooperation between activated JAK/STAT signaling and ectopic HOXA9 expression during T-cell leukemia development. We identify a direct cooperation between STAT5 and HOXA9 at the transcriptional level and identify PIM1 kinase as a possible drug target in mutant JAK/STAT/HOXA9-positive leukemia cases. Cancer Discov; 8(5); 616-31. ©2018 AACR.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 517.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sofie Demeyer
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Degryse
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Delphine Verbeke
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Sweron
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Olga Gielen
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roel Vandepoel
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carmen Vicente
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marlies Vanden Bempt
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Antonis Dagklis
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ellen Geerdens
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Simon Bornschein
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Gijsbers
- Laboratory for Viral Vector Technology and Gene Therapy, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jean Soulier
- U944 INSERM and Hematology Laboratory, St-Louis Hospital, APHP, Hematology University Institute, University Paris-Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jules P Meijerink
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Merja Heinäniemi
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Susanna Teppo
- Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Maria Bouvy-Liivrand
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Olli Lohi
- Tampere Centre for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Enrico Radaelli
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Cools
- KU Leuven, Center for Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium. .,VIB, Center for Cancer Biology, Leuven, Belgium
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24
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Pajic M, Froio D, Daly S, Doculara L, Millar E, Graham PH, Drury A, Steinmann A, de Bock CE, Boulghourjian A, Zaratzian A, Carroll S, Toohey J, O'Toole SA, Harris AL, Buffa FM, Gee HE, Hollway GE, Molloy TJ. miR-139-5p Modulates Radiotherapy Resistance in Breast Cancer by Repressing Multiple Gene Networks of DNA Repair and ROS Defense. Cancer Res 2018; 78:501-515. [PMID: 29180477 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-16-3105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Radiotherapy is essential to the treatment of most solid tumors and acquired or innate resistance to this therapeutic modality is a major clinical problem. Here we show that miR-139-5p is a potent modulator of radiotherapy response in breast cancer via its regulation of genes involved in multiple DNA repair and reactive oxygen species defense pathways. Treatment of breast cancer cells with a miR-139-5p mimic strongly synergized with radiation both in vitro and in vivo, resulting in significantly increased oxidative stress, accumulation of unrepaired DNA damage, and induction of apoptosis. Several miR-139-5p target genes were also strongly predictive of outcome in radiotherapy-treated patients across multiple independent breast cancer cohorts. These prognostically relevant miR-139-5p target genes were used as companion biomarkers to identify radioresistant breast cancer xenografts highly amenable to sensitization by cotreatment with a miR-139-5p mimetic.Significance: The microRNA described in this study offers a potentially useful predictive biomarker of radiosensitivity in solid tumors and a generally applicable druggable target for tumor radiosensitization. Cancer Res; 78(2); 501-15. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pajic
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Danielle Froio
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sheridan Daly
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Doculara
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ewan Millar
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, South Eastern Area Laboratory Service (SEALS), St George Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Peter H Graham
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alison Drury
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Angela Steinmann
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- Laboratory for the Molecular Biology of Leukemia, Center for Human Genetics, KU Leuven and Center for the Biology of Disease, VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alice Boulghourjian
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anaiis Zaratzian
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Susan Carroll
- The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanne Toohey
- The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandra A O'Toole
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adrian L Harris
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Growth Factor Group, Cancer Research UK, Molecular Oncology Laboratories, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Harriet E Gee
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina E Hollway
- Cancer Research Division, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre/Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Timothy J Molloy
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
- St Vincent's Centre for Applied Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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de Bock CE, Hughes MR, Snyder K, Alley S, Sadeqzadeh E, Dun MD, McNagny KM, Molloy TJ, Hondermarck H, Thorne RF. Protein interaction screening identifies SH3RF1 as a new regulator of FAT1 protein levels. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:667-678. [PMID: 28129444 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mutations and ectopic FAT1 cadherin expression are implicated in a broad spectrum of diseases ranging from developmental disorders to cancer. The regulation of FAT1 and its downstream signalling pathways remain incompletely understood. We hypothesized that identification of additional proteins interacting with the FAT1 cytoplasmic tail would further delineate its regulation and function. A yeast two-hybrid library screen carried out against the juxtamembrane region of the cytoplasmic tail of FAT1 identified the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SH3RF1 as the most frequently recovered protein-binding partner. Ablating SH3RF1 using siRNA increased cellular FAT1 protein levels and stabilized expression at the cell surface, while overexpression of SH3RF1 reduced FAT1 levels. We conclude that SH3RF1 acts as a negative post-translational regulator of FAT1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, Leuven, Belgium.,Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Michael R Hughes
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kimberly Snyder
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Steven Alley
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Elham Sadeqzadeh
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Matt D Dun
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Kelly M McNagny
- The Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Timothy J Molloy
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre and Cancer Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Australia
| | - Hubert Hondermarck
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Cancer Research Alliance, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.,School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
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26
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Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is caused by mutations affecting cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. In addition to requiring these mutations, Passaro and colleagues and Pitt and colleagues in this issue of Cancer Cell demonstrate that T-ALL initiating cells residing in bone marrow depend on the CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling axis for disease maintenance and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Jan Cools
- VIB Center for the Biology of Disease, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; KU Leuven Center for Human Genetics, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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27
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Oliveira CS, de Bock CE, Molloy TJ, Sadeqzadeh E, Geng XY, Hersey P, Zhang XD, Thorne RF. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor engages PI3K/Akt signalling and is a prognostic factor in metastatic melanoma. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:630. [PMID: 25168062 PMCID: PMC4155090 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a widely expressed cytokine involved in a variety of cellular processes including cell cycle regulation and the control of proliferation. Overexpression of MIF has been reported in a number of cancer types and it has previously been shown that MIF is upregulated in melanocytic tumours with the highest expression levels occurring in malignant melanoma. However, the clinical significance of high MIF expression in melanoma has not been reported. Methods MIF expression was depleted in human melanoma cell lines using siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and effects monitored using in vitro assays of proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, clonogenicity and Akt signalling. In silico analyses of expression microarray data were used to correlate MIF expression levels in melanoma tumours with overall patient survival using a univariate Cox regression model. Results Knockdown of MIF significantly decreased proliferation, increased apoptosis and decreased anchorage-independent growth. Effects were associated with reduced numbers of cells entering S phase concomitant with decreased cyclin D1 and CDK4 expression, increased p27 expression and decreased Akt phosphorylation. Analysis of clinical outcome data showed that MIF expression levels in primary melanoma were not associated with outcome (HR = 1.091, p = 0.892) whereas higher levels of MIF in metastatic lesions were significantly associated with faster disease progression (HR = 2.946, p = 0.003 and HR = 4.600, p = 0.004, respectively in two independent studies). Conclusions Our in vitro analyses show that MIF functions upstream of the PI3K/Akt pathway in human melanoma cell lines. Moreover, depletion of MIF inhibited melanoma proliferation, viability and clonogenic capacity. Clinically, high MIF levels in metastatic melanoma were found to be associated with faster disease recurrence. These findings support the clinical significance of MIF signalling in melanoma and provide a strong rationale for both targeting and monitoring MIF expression in clinical melanoma. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2407-14-630) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia.
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Sadeqzadeh E, de Bock CE, O'Donnell MR, Timofeeva A, Burns GF, Thorne RF. FAT1 cadherin is multiply phosphorylated on its ectodomain but phosphorylation is not catalysed by the four-jointed homologue. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3511-7. [PMID: 25150169 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the Drosophila cadherins fat and dachsous is regulated by phosphorylation of their respective ectodomains, a process catalysed by the atypical kinase four-jointed. Given that many signalling functions are conserved between Drosophila and vertebrate Fat cadherins, we sought to determine whether ectodomain phosphorylation is conserved in FAT1 cadherin, and also whether FJX1, the vertebrate orthologue of four-jointed, was involved in such phosphorylation events. Potential Fj consensus phosphorylation motifs were identified in FAT1 and biochemical experiments revealed the presence of phosphoserine and phosphothreonine residues in its extracellular domain. However, silencing FJX1 did not influence the levels of FAT1 ectodomain phosphorylation, indicating that other mechanisms are likely responsible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeqzadeh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Maureen R O'Donnell
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Anna Timofeeva
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Gordon F Burns
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, Australia.
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Wojtalewicz N, Sadeqzadeh E, Weiß JV, Tehrani MM, Klein-Scory S, Hahn S, Schmiegel W, Warnken U, Schnölzer M, de Bock CE, Thorne RF, Schwarte-Waldhoff I. A soluble form of the giant cadherin Fat1 is released from pancreatic cancer cells by ADAM10 mediated ectodomain shedding. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90461. [PMID: 24625754 PMCID: PMC3953070 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In pancreatic cancer, there is a clear unmet need to identify new serum markers for either early diagnosis, therapeutic stratification or patient monitoring. Proteomic analysis of tumor cell secretomes is a promising approach to indicate proteins released from tumor cells in vitro. Ectodomain shedding of transmembrane proteins has previously been shown to contribute significant fractions the tumor cell secretomes and to generate valuable serum biomarkers. Here we introduce a soluble form of the giant cadherin Fat1 as a novel biomarker candidate. Fat1 expression and proteolytic processing was analyzed by mass spectrometry and Western blotting using pancreatic cancer cell lines as compared to human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. RNA expression in cancer tissues was assessed by in silico analysis of publically available microarray data. Involvement of ADAM10 (A Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10) in Fat1 ectodomain shedding was analyzed by chemical inhibition and knockdown experiments. A sandwich ELISA was developed to determine levels of soluble Fat1 in serum samples. In the present report we describe the release of high levels of the ectodomain of Fat1 cadherin into the secretomes of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro, a process that is mediated by ADAM10. We confirm the full-length and processed heterodimeric form of Fat1 expressed on the plasma membrane and also show the p60 C-terminal transmembrane remnant fragment corresponding to the shed ectodomain. Fat1 and its sheddase ADAM10 are overexpressed in pancreatic adenocarcinomas and ectodomain shedding is also recapitulated in vivo leading to increased Fat1 serum levels in some pancreatic cancer patients. We suggest that soluble Fat1 may find an application as a marker for patient monitoring complementing carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). In addition, detailed analysis of the diverse processed protein isoforms of the candidate tumor suppressor Fat1 can also contribute to our understanding of cell biology and tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Wojtalewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, IMBL, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elham Sadeqzadeh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Jakob V. Weiß
- Department of Internal Medicine, IMBL, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Susanne Klein-Scory
- Department of Internal Medicine, IMBL, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephan Hahn
- Department of Molecular Gastrointestinal Oncology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wolff Schmiegel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Uwe Warnken
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Schnölzer
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles E. de Bock
- Center for the Biology of Disease, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rick F. Thorne
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia
| | - Irmgard Schwarte-Waldhoff
- Department of Internal Medicine, IMBL, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Sadeqzadeh E, de Bock CE, Wojtalewicz N, Holt JE, Smith ND, Dun MD, Schwarte-Waldhoff I, Thorne RF. Furin processing dictates ectodomain shedding of human FAT1 cadherin. Exp Cell Res 2014; 323:41-55. [PMID: 24560745 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Fat1 is a single pass transmembrane protein and the largest member of the cadherin superfamily. Mouse knockout models and in vitro studies have suggested that Fat1 influences cell polarity and motility. Fat1 is also an upstream regulator of the Hippo pathway, at least in lower vertebrates, and hence may play a role in growth control. In previous work we have established that FAT1 cadherin is initially cleaved by proprotein convertases to form a noncovalently linked heterodimer prior to expression on the cell surface. Such processing was not a requirement for cell surface expression, since melanoma cells expressed both unprocessed FAT1 and the heterodimer on the cell surface. Here we further establish that the site 1 (S1) cleavage step to promote FAT1 heterodimerisation is catalysed by furin and we identify the cleavage site utilised. For a number of other transmembrane receptors that undergo heterodimerisation the S1 processing step is thought to occur constitutively but the functional significance of heterodimerisation has been controversial. It has also been generally unclear as to the significance of receptor heterodimerisation with respect to subsequent post-translational proteolysis that often occurs in transmembrane proteins. Exploiting the partial deficiency of FAT1 processing in melanoma cells together with furin-deficient LoVo cells, we manipulated furin expression to demonstrate that only the heterodimer form of FAT1 is subject to cleavage and subsequent release of the extracellular domain. This work establishes S1-processing as a clear functional prerequisite for ectodomain shedding of FAT1 with general implications for the shedding of other transmembrane receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeqzadeh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Charles E de Bock
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Natalie Wojtalewicz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Nathan D Smith
- ABRF, Research Services, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Matthew D Dun
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Hunter Translational Cancer Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | | | - Rick F Thorne
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia; Hunter Translational Cancer Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia; School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
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Ye Y, Jin L, Wilmott JS, Hu WL, Yosufi B, Thorne RF, Liu T, Rizos H, Yan XG, Dong L, Tay KH, Tseng HY, Guo ST, de Bock CE, Jiang CC, Wang CY, Wu M, Zhang LJ, Hersey P, Scolyer RA, Zhang XD. PI(4,5)P2 5-phosphatase A regulates PI3K/Akt signalling and has a tumour suppressive role in human melanoma. Nat Commun 2013; 4:1508. [PMID: 23443536 PMCID: PMC3586716 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2012] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases can terminate downstream signalling of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase; however, their biological role in the pathogenesis of cancer is controversial. Here we report that the inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase, has a tumour suppressive role in melanoma. Although it is commonly downregulated in melanoma, overexpression of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase blocks Akt activation, inhibits proliferation and undermines survival of melanoma cells in vitro, and retards melanoma growth in a xenograft model. In contrast, knockdown of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase results in increased proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of melanocytes. Although DNA copy number loss is responsible for downregulation of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase in a proportion of melanomas, histone hypoacetylation mediated by histone deacetylases HDAC2 and HDAC3 through binding to the transcription factor Sp1 at the PIB5PA gene promoter appears to be another commonly involved mechanism. Collectively, these results establish the tumour suppressive role of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 5-phosphatase and reveal mechanisms involved in its downregulation in melanoma. Inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatases, such as PIB5PA, terminate signalling downstream of phosophoinositide-3 kinase; however, their biological roles remain unclear. Here the authors report that PIB5PA has a tumour suppressive role in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ye
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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Abstract
The vertebrate Fat cadherins comprise a small gene family of four members, Fat1-Fat4, all closely related in structure to Drosophila ft and ft2. Over the past decade, knock-out mouse studies, genetic manipulation, and large sequencing projects has aided our understanding of the function of vertebrate Fat cadherins in tissue development and disease. The majority of studies of this family have focused on Fat1, with evidence now showing it can bind enable (ENA)/Vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), β-catenin and Atrophin proteins to influence cell polarity and motility; HOMER-1 and HOMER-3 proteins to regulate actin accumulation in neuronal synapses; and scribble to influence the Hippo signaling pathway. Fat2 and Fat3 can regulate cell migration in a tissue specific manner and Fat4 appears to influence both planar cell polarity and Hippo signaling recapitulating the activity of Drosophila ft. Knowledge about the exact downstream signaling pathways activated by each family member remains in its infancy, but it is becoming clearer that they have tissue specific and redundant roles in development and may be lost or gained in cancer. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on understanding the role of the Fat cadherin family, integrating the current knowledge of molecular interactions and tissue distributions, together with the accumulating evidence of their changed expression in human disease. The latter is now beginning to promote interest in these molecules as both biomarkers and new targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeqzadeh
- Cancer Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, 2305, Australia
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Ardjmand A, de Bock CE, Shahrokhi S, Lincz LF, Boyd AW, Burns GF, Thorne RF. Fat1 cadherin provides a novel minimal residual disease marker in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 18:315-22. [PMID: 23433465 DOI: 10.1179/1607845413y.0000000080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Measurement of minimal residual disease (MRD) maintains an important role in the clinical management of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Recently, we identified Fat1 cadherin as a unique and independent prognostic factor for relapse-free and overall survival in pediatric pre-B-ALL. Here, we analyzed Fat1 mRNA for its potential as a novel marker of MRD in cases of pre-B- and T-ALL. Analyses of microarray data from 125 matched diagnosis/relapse samples across three independent datasets indicate that Fat1 mRNA is detectable in an average of 31.3% of diagnosed pre-B-ALL, of which 67.5% of cases remained positive at relapse. Furthermore, some 20% of cases with undetectable levels of Fat1 mRNA at diagnosis became positive upon relapse. T-ALL cases were 83.3% positive for Fat1 expression at diagnosis with 77.7% remaining positive at relapse. Towards proof of concept, we developed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay and demonstrate detection of Fat1 mRNA in leukemic cells mixed with normal peripheral blood cells at a sensitivity of 1 in 10 000 to 100 000 cells. Fat1 may therefore provide a new marker of MRD for patients with ALL lacking known genomic aberrations or within a multiplex approach to MRD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Ardjmand
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia; Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
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Sadeqzadeh E, de Bock CE, Zhang XD, Shipman KL, Scott NM, Song C, Yeadon T, Oliveira CS, Jin B, Hersey P, Boyd AW, Burns GF, Thorne RF. Dual processing of FAT1 cadherin protein by human melanoma cells generates distinct protein products. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:28181-91. [PMID: 21680732 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.234419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The giant cadherin FAT1 is one of four vertebrate orthologues of the Drosophila tumor suppressor fat. It engages in several functions, including cell polarity and migration, and in Hippo signaling during development. Homozygous deletions in oral cancer suggest that FAT1 may play a tumor suppressor role, although overexpression of FAT1 has been reported in some other cancers. Here we show using Northern blotting that human melanoma cell lines variably but universally express FAT1 and less commonly FAT2, FAT3, and FAT4. Both normal melanocytes and keratinocytes also express comparable FAT1 mRNA relative to melanoma cells. Analysis of the protein processing of FAT1 in keratinocytes revealed that, like Drosophila FAT, human FAT1 is cleaved into a non-covalent heterodimer before achieving cell surface expression. The use of inhibitors also established that such cleavage requires the proprotein convertase furin. However, in melanoma cells, the non-cleaved proform of FAT1 is also expressed at the cell surface together with the furin-cleaved heterodimer. Moreover, furin-independent processing generates a potentially functional proteolytic product in melanoma cells, a persistent 65-kDa membrane-bound cytoplasmic fragment no longer in association with the extracellular fragment. In vitro localization studies of FAT1 showed that melanoma cells display high levels of cytosolic FAT1 protein, whereas keratinocytes, despite comparable FAT1 expression levels, exhibited mainly cell-cell junctional staining. Such differences in protein distribution appear to reconcile with the different protein products generated by dual FAT1 processing. We suggest that the uncleaved FAT1 could promote altered signaling, and the novel products of alternate processing provide a dominant negative function in melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Sadeqzadeh
- Cancer Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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Tassabehji M, Fang ZM, Hilton EN, McGaughran J, Zhao Z, de Bock CE, Howard E, Malass M, Donnai D, Diwan A, Manson FD, Murrell D, Clarke RA. Mutations in GDF6 are associated with vertebral segmentation defects in Klippel-Feil syndrome. Hum Mutat 2008; 29:1017-27. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.20741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Molloy TJ, de Bock CE, Wang Y, Murrell GAC. Gene expression changes in SNAP-stimulated and iNOS-transfected tenocytes--expression of extracellular matrix genes and its implications for tendon-healing. J Orthop Res 2006; 24:1869-82. [PMID: 16865710 DOI: 10.1002/jor.20237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has a variety of physiological roles, including acting as a key mediator in various phases of tendon healing, but its importance as a modulator of gene expression during tendon healing has not been well studied. The current study used microarray analysis to elucidate global gene expression after transfection with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in tenocytes isolated from the injured rotator cuff tendons of human patients. We show that the expression of a wide range of genes is affected by NO, with many activated genes having known roles in healing. Of particular significance is that NOS overexpression stimulates the transcription and translation of a range of extracellular matrix genes important to the structure of connective tissues such as tendons, including collagen Ialpha1, collagen IIIalpha1, collagen IValpha5, biglycan, decorin, laminin, and matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP10). These genes were also shown to respond to stimulation by the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP) in a dose-dependent manner. We further show that varying levels of NO significantly affect cellular adhesion in tenocytes, a critical process during tendon repair. These findings will be of use when optimizing the dose of NO delivery in further work investigating NO as potential treatment of tendon injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy J Molloy
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, St. George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Kogarah, Sydney, NSW 2217, Australia
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de Bock CE, Lin Z, Itoh T, Morris D, Murrell G, Wang Y. Inhibition of urokinase receptor gene expression and cell invasion by anti-uPAR DNAzymes in osteosarcoma cells. FEBS J 2005; 272:3572-82. [PMID: 16008557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04778.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) receptor (uPAR) has been implicated in signal transduction and biological processes including cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, cell migration, and wound healing. It is a specific cell surface receptor for its ligand uPA, which catalyzes the formation of plasmin from plasminogen, thereby activating the proteolytic cascade that contributes to the breakdown of extracellular matrix, a key step in cancer metastasis. We have synthesized three different DNA enzymes (Dz372, Dz483 and Dz720) targeting uPAR mRNA at three separate purine (A or G)-pyrimidine (U or C) junctions. Two of these DNAzymes, Dz483 and Dz720, cleaved uPAR transcript in vitro with high efficacy and specificity at a molar ratio (uPAR to Dz) as low as 1 : 0.2. When analyzed over 2 h with a 200-fold molar excess of DNAzymes to uPAR transcript, Dz720 and Dz483 were able to decrease uPAR transcript in vitro by approximately 93% and approximately 84%, respectively. They also showed an ability to cleave uPAR mRNA in the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2 after transfection. The DNAzyme Dz720 decreased uPAR mRNA within 4 h of transfection, and inhibited uPAR protein concentrations by 55% in Saos-2 cells. The decrease in uPAR mRNA and protein concentrations caused by Dz720 significantly suppressed Saos-2 cell invasion as assessed by an in vitro Matrigel assay. The use of DNAzyme methodology adds a new potential clinical agent for decreasing uPAR mRNA expression and inhibiting cancer invasion and metastasis.
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MESH Headings
- Cell Line, Tumor
- DNA, Catalytic/genetics
- DNA, Catalytic/metabolism
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/genetics
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Humans
- Kinetics
- Mutation/genetics
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Osteosarcoma/enzymology
- Osteosarcoma/genetics
- Osteosarcoma/pathology
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/biosynthesis
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism
- Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles E de Bock
- Orthopaedic Research Institute, Department of Medicine, St George Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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