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Liu PY, Hong KF, Liu YD, Sun ZY, Zhao TT, Li XL, Lao CC, Tan SF, Zhang HY, Zhao YH, Xie Y, Xu YH. Total flavonoids of Astragalus protects glomerular filtration barrier in diabetic kidney disease. Chin Med 2024; 19:27. [PMID: 38365794 PMCID: PMC10870499 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a prevalent complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease. Recent evidence suggests that total flavonoids of Astragalus (TFA) has promising effects on diabetes; however, its influence on DKD and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. METHODS In this study, we induced the DKD model using streptozotocin (STZ) in male C57BL/6J mice and utilized glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) lines for in vitro investigations. We constructed a network pharmacology analysis to understand the mechanism of TFA in DKD. The mechanism of TFA action on DKD was investigated through Western blot analysis and multi-immunological methods. RESULTS Our findings revealed that TFA significantly reduced levels of urinary albumin (ALB). Network pharmacology and intracellular pathway experiments indicated the crucial involvement of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in mediating these effects. In vitro experiments showed that TFA can preserve the integrity of the glomerular filtration barrier by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors TNF-alpha and IL-8, reducing oxidative stress. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrated that TFA can ameliorates the progression of DKD by ameliorating renal fibrosis and preserving the integrity of the kidney filtration barrier. These results provide pharmacological evidence supporting the use of TFA in the treatment of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yu Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Kin-Fong Hong
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Di Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhong-Yan Sun
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting-Ting Zhao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu-Ling Li
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Tan
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - You-Hua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, People's Republic of China.
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Guo X, Yao YD, Kang JL, Luo FK, Mu XJ, Zhang YY, Chen MT, Liu MN, Lao CC, Tan ZH, Huang YF, Xie Y, Xu YH, Wu P, Zhou H. Iristectorigenin C suppresses LPS-induced macrophages activation by regulating mPGES-1 expression and p38/JNK pathway. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 317:116706. [PMID: 37301305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used clinically to treat inflammatory diseases clinically. However, the adverse effects of NSAIDs cannot be ignored. Therefore, it is critical for us to find alternative anti-inflammatory drugs that can reduce adverse reactions to herbal medicine, such as Iris tectorum Maxim., which has therapeutic effects and can treat inflammatory diseases and liver-related diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to isolate active compounds from I. tectorum and investigate their anti-inflammatory effects and action mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen compounds were isolated from I. tectorum using silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, ODS and high performance liquid chromatography, and their structures were identified by examining physicochemical properties, ultraviolet spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Classical inflammatory cell models were established using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and rat primary peritoneal macrophages to examine the effect of these compounds. To examine the action mechanisms, the nitric oxide (NO) levels were measured by Griess reagent and the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant were measured by ELISA; The expressions of major proteins in prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) synthesis and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways were examined by Western blotting, and the mRNA expression levels were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction; and the nuclear translocation of p65 was examined by high content imaging. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding of active compound to target protein. RESULTS Our findings revealed that Iristectorigenin C (IT24) significantly inhibited the levels of NO and PGE2 without affecting cyclooxygenase (COX)-1/COX-2 expression in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and rat peritoneal macrophages. Furthermore, IT24 was shown to decrease the expression of microsomal prostaglandin synthetase-1 (mPGES-1) in LPS-induced rat peritoneal macrophages. IT24 did not suppress the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of proteins in the NF-κB pathway, but it inhibited the phosphorylation of p38/JNK in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Additionally, molecular docking analysis indicated that IT24 may directly bind to the mPGES-1 protein. CONCLUSION IT24 might inhibit mPGES-1 and the p38/JNK pathway to exert its anti-inflammatory effects and could be also developed as an inhibitor of mPGES-1 to prevent and treat mPGES-1-related diseases, such as inflammatory diseases, and holds promise for further research and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao
| | - Yun-Da Yao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao
| | - Jun-Li Kang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao
| | - Fu-Kang Luo
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Xi-Jun Mu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Yan-Yu Zhang
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, China
| | - Ming-Tai Chen
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao; Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518033, PR China
| | - Meng-Nan Liu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao; National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Department of Cardiovascular, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao
| | - Zi-Hao Tan
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China
| | - Ying Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
| | - You-Hua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macao.
| | - Peng Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Joint Lab on Chinese Medicine and Immune Disease Research, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, PR China.
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He F, Huang YF, Dai W, Qu XY, Lu JG, Lao CC, Luo WH, Sun DM, Wei M, Xiao SY, Xie Y, Liu L, Zhou H. The localization of the alkaloids in Coptis chinensis rhizome by time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1092643. [PMID: 36618650 PMCID: PMC9816869 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1092643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the spatial distribution of active compounds can effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Traditional methods are economical and practical but lack chemical information on the original distribution. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), with the advantage of non-destructive detection of samples, can directly analyze the distribution of chemical compounds on the surface of various samples. METHODS In this study, TOF-SIMS image analysis technology was used to detect TCM for the first time. Taking Coptis rhizome (CR) as an example, a commonly used TCM, the distribution of the compounds in the cross-section of CR was studied. Meanwhile, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLCQQQ-MS/MS) was used to verify the results of TOF-SIMS. RESULTS The distribution of nine active compounds: berberine, epiberberine, coptisine, palmatine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, tetrahydricheilanthifolinium, and oxyberberine, was well imaged in the cross-section of CR by TOF-SIMS. The content of berberine and epiberberine was the highest; Palmatine distribution in the pith was more than that in other parts; Oxyberberine was mainly concentrated in the cork and xylem rays. Normalization analysis showed contents of these compounds increased along with the growth years. The result was consistent with UPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. CONCLUSION The TOF-SIMS method can display the spatial distribution status of the active compounds of herbs, providing a basis for selecting the medicine site with non-destructive and fast detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Dai
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Xian-You Qu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Resources, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Wen-Hui Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Dong-Mei Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule, Guangdong Yifang Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Xiao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ying Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Wu WR, Cheng CS, Cheng QQ, Lao CC, Cui H, Tang ZY, Ouyang Y, Liu L, Zhou H. Novel SNP markers on ginsenosides biosynthesis functional gene for authentication of ginseng herbs and commercial products. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:770-778. [PMID: 33039056 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)60017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius have similar bioactive components and morphological characteristics, but they are known to have different medicinal values, high-sensitive and accurate method is expected to identify the sources of ginseng products and evaluate the quality, but with a huge challenge. Our established UHPLC-TOF/MS method coupled with orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model based on 18 ginsenosides was applied to discriminate the sources of raw medicinal materials in ginseng products, and nested PCR strategy was used to discover 6 novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites in functional dammarenediol synthase (DS) gene for genetic authentication of P. ginseng and P. quinquefolius for the first time. OPLS-DA model could identify the sources of raw ginseng materials are real or not. SNP markers were applied to identify ginseng fresh samples as well as commercial products, and proved to be successful. This established molecular method can tell exact source information of adulterants, and it was highly sensitive and specific even when total DNA amount was only 0.1 ng and the adulteration was as low as 1%. Therefore, this study made an attempt at the exploration of new type SNP marker for variety authentication and function regulation at the same time, and the combination of chemical and molecular discrimination methods provided the comprehensive evaluation and authentication for the sources of ginseng herbs and products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ru Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; School of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Qi-Qing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Hao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Zi-Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Yue Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao 999078, China.
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Cheng CS, Lao CC, Cheng QQ, Zhang ZL, Lu JG, Liu JX, Zhou H. Identification of blood-red color formation in edible bird's nests provides a new strategy for safety control. Food Chem 2021; 354:129454. [PMID: 33765463 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In order to reveal the color formation mechanism of blood-red edible bird's nests (EBNs) and develop a quick and specific strategy to distinguish the artificial fake one, multiple methods of UPLC-TOF/MS, UV, NMR, FT-IR and 2D IR were used to detect the chemical markers of the reddening reaction, the results showed that the reddening substances were C9H10N2O5 and C9H9NO6, which were verified as products of a phenol-keto tautomerism evolved from l-tyrosine. Moreover, natural and artificial red EBNs with varying degrees of chemical fumigation also can be successfully distinguished using the chemical markers, and the protein variation in SDS-PAGE gel could also support the distinction. This work established a systematic method of chemical identification for both natural and artificial blood-red EBNs, and provided a new identification strategy for food safety control that can promote the development of a healthier market of EBNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Song Cheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, PR China.
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Qi-Qing Cheng
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Zi-Ling Zhang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Jing-Guang Lu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China
| | - Jian-Xin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua City, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Hua Zhou
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, PR China.
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Cheng QQ, Ouyang Y, Tang ZY, Lao CC, Zhang YY, Cheng CS, Zhou H. Review on the Development and Applications of Medicinal Plant Genomes. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:791219. [PMID: 35003182 PMCID: PMC8732986 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.791219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
With the development of sequencing technology, the research on medicinal plants is no longer limited to the aspects of chemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacodynamics, but reveals them from the genetic level. As the price of next-generation sequencing technology becomes affordable, and the long-read sequencing technology is established, the medicinal plant genomes with large sizes have been sequenced and assembled more easily. Although the review of plant genomes has been reported several times, there is no review giving a systematic and comprehensive introduction about the development and application of medicinal plant genomes that have been reported until now. Here, we provide a historical perspective on the current situation of genomes in medicinal plant biology, highlight the use of the rapidly developing sequencing technologies, and conduct a comprehensive summary on how the genomes apply to solve the practical problems in medicinal plants, like genomics-assisted herb breeding, evolution history revelation, herbal synthetic biology study, and geoherbal research, which are important for effective utilization, rational use and sustainable protection of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zi-Yu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yan-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine, The Ministry of Education of the People’s Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Zhou,
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Wang CJ, He F, Huang YF, Ma HL, Wang YP, Cheng CS, Cheng JL, Lao CC, Chen DA, Zhang ZF, Sang Z, Luo P, Xiao SY, Xie Y, Zhou H. Discovery of chemical markers for identifying species, growth mode and production area of Astragali Radix by using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Phytomedicine 2020; 67:153155. [PMID: 31901890 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragali Radix (AR) is a well-known Chinese herbal medicine. The quality of AR can be affected by many factors such as species, growth mode and production area, but there are still no chemical markers to distinguish it. PURPOSE To explore chemical markers for improving the quality assessment of AR and discover chemical markers for identifying species, growth mode and production area of AR. METHODS A highly sensitive, efficient and accurate method based on ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS) for simultaneous quantitative determination of 14 major chemical components (five flavonoids and nine triterpene saponins) in 94 batches of AR from China, Republic of Korea and Germany was developed for the first time. To explore chemical markers and assess changes in the contents of 14 compounds in the 94 batches of AR samples from different regions, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed. RESULTS Astragaloside III was not only an important chemical marker for distinguishing two species of AR, i.e.: Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus, but also a potential chemical marker for the classification of cultivated and semi-wild AR. In addition, in the batches of cultivated AR, the content of isoastragaloside II and cyclocephaloside II were greater in batches from the region of Shaanxi Province than that of other Provinces in China, but the content of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside and astragaloside IV, which are the quality control markers of AR required by the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, were higher than that of other Provinces in China. In addition, the content of calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ononin, calycosin and astragaloside I could be used to identify samples of AR collected from China, Republic of Korea and Germany. CONCLUSION This UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS method could be applied to the quantitative evaluation of AR and could be an important and meaningful reference to develop chemical markers for quality control of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Fan He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Yu-Feng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Institute of International Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Hong-Liang Ma
- Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 513508, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Technology of Breaking Cell Wall and Application in Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Zhongshan 513508, PR China
| | - Ying-Ping Wang
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Jin-Le Cheng
- Zhongshan Zhongzhi Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Zhongshan 513508, PR China; The Key Laboratory of Technology of Breaking Cell Wall and Application in Chinese Medicine Decoction Pieces, Zhongshan 513508, PR China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Di-An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Zhen Sang
- Institute of International Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Pei Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Xiao
- College of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, PR China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, and Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China; Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao 999078, PR China.
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Cheng QQ, Cheng CS, Ouyang Y, Lao CC, Cui H, Xian Y, Jiang ZH, Li WJ, Zhou H. Discovery of differential sequences for improving breeding and yield of cultivated Ophiocordyceps sinensis through ITS sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:749-755. [PMID: 30322608 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30114-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To accelerate the breeding process of cultivated Ophiocordyceps sinensis and increase its yield, it is important to identify molecular fingerprint of dominant O. sinensis. In the present study, we collected 3 batches of industrially cultivated O. sinensis product with higher yield than the others and compared their internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences with the wild and the reported. The ITS sequence was obtained by bidirectional sequencing and analyzed with molecular systematics as a DNA barcode for rapid and accurate identification of wild and cultivated O. sinensis collected. The ITS sequences of O. sinensis with detailed collection loci on NCBI were downloaded to construct a phylogenetic tree together with the sequences obtained from the present study by using neighbor-joining method based on their evolution relationship. The information on collection loci was analyzed with ArcGIS 10.2 to demonstrate the geographic distribution of these samples and thus to determine the origin of the dominant samples. The results showed that all wild and cultivated samples were identified as O. sinensis and all sequences were divided into seven phylogenetic groups in the tree. Those groups were precisely distributed on the map and the process of their system evolution was clearly presented. The three cultivated samples were clustered into two dominant groups, showing the correlation between the industrially cultivated samples and the dominant wild samples, which can provide references for its optimized breeding in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Qing Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yue Ouyang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Hao Cui
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yu Xian
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wen-Jia Li
- Sunshine Lake Pharma Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Avenida Wailong, Taipa, Macau Special Administrative Region, China.
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9
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Cheng CS, Wang CJ, Liang J, Lao CC, Zhou H, Zhang ZF. A new approach for identification of medicinal almonds by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and systematic clustering of characteristic peaks. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:703-709. [PMID: 28991532 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal almonds have been used for over 2 000 years and its clinical efficacy includes relieving cough and asthma. The domestic market in China is flooded with different kinds of dried almonds, such as bitter almond (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, AAS), sweet almond (Armeniacae Semen Dulce, ADS), salted almond (Armeniacae Semen Salsa, ASS), and their sulfur-fumigating products (Armeniacae Semen Sulphur Fumabat, ASFS). Wide varieties of almonds may lead to uncertain efficacy, aberrant quality, and even increased safety risk. However, the authentication method for medicinal almonds has not been reported, although imposters may lead to ineffective medical response. In the present study, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and the 2-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy were used to identify different almonds, which were extracted with different solvents including water, methanol, ethanol, chloroform and ethyl acetate, respectively. A new simple FTIR method was developed in the present study. According to the gradient solvent polarity, a new 2D IR method was first developed, and the commodities of almonds in China were analyzed by using the FTIR spectroscopy supported by hierarchical clustering of characteristic peaks. Moreover, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural could be used as a detection index and control target in the quality control of medicinal almonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Macau 999078, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Can-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Macau 999078, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jie Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Macau 999078, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Chi-Chou Lao
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Macau 999078, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China; Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau 999078, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine (Macau University of Science and Technology), Macau 999078, China; Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China.
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