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Yang KC, Chen PY, Loh C, Tzeng IS, Chang SM, Wang CC. Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability Treated With Tendon Allografting: A Preliminary Comparison of Arthroscopic and Open Anatomic Ligament Reconstruction. Orthop J Sports Med 2022; 10:23259671221126693. [PMID: 36250031 PMCID: PMC9561677 DOI: 10.1177/23259671221126693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Roughly 30% of patients with chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI) have
long-lasting painful instability requiring surgical intervention. Ligament
reconstruction with the traditional open method and using tendon allografts
can provide sufficient mechanical stability for severe CLAI. Arthroscopic
ligament reconstruction with tendon allograft has recently been introduced
to treat CLAI. Purpose: In this study, we describe an arthroscopic ligament reconstruction procedure
involving the use of the tendon allograft for patients with CLAI, and we
compare the efficacy of this procedure with open ligament reconstruction
with tendon allograft. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: We enrolled 10 patients (4 men and 6 women) with CLAI (mean age, 37.3 years;
range, 16-57 years) who underwent arthroscopic ligament reconstruction with
tendon allografting between November 2017 and June 2019. The control group
consisted of 10 patients who received open tendon allograft reconstruction.
Preoperative and 2-year postoperative functional outcomes were evaluated
using the American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale
(AOFAS), Karlsson Ankle Functional Score (KAFS), pain visual analog scale
(VAS), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Tegner activity score
(TAS). Results: The mean operative time was 118 and 110 minutes in the arthroscopic and open
groups, respectively. At 2-year follow-up, scores on the AOFAS improved
significantly compared with preoperatively, from 71.3 to 96.4
(P = .006) in the arthroscopic group, and from 68.6 to
96.7 (P = .005) in the open group. The postoperative AOFAS,
VAS, KAFS, and SF-12 scores did not differ significantly between the 2
groups; however, the TAS score was significantly higher in the arthroscopic
reconstruction group compared with in the open group (7 vs 6.1,
respectively; P = .01). Conclusion: Arthroscopic ligament reconstruction with tendon allografting resulted in
sufficient ankle stability and no donor-site morbidity. This procedure can
yield similar functional outcomes to open reconstruction technique and may
be an option for the management of CLAI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Chiang Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist
Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei
Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yu Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University
Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chieh Loh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist
Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - I-Shiang Tzeng
- Department of Research, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi
Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Min Chang
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital,
Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist
Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University,
Hualien, Taiwan.,Chen-Chie Wang, MD, PhD, Department of Orthopedic Surgery,
Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City
23142, Taiwan ()
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2
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Wijerathne S, Wai L, Lee J, Loh C, Malik S, Lomanto D. Feasibility of modified-TEP technique for large inguinoscrotal and large femoral hernia and its advantages. Hernia 2021; 26:627-634. [PMID: 34599718 DOI: 10.1007/s10029-021-02505-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the feasibility of modified-TEP technique in reducing dead space in large inguinoscrotal and large femoral hernia to prevent seroma, reduce recurrence and complications. METHODS This is a case series of patients who have completed a minimum of 9 months follow-up after undergoing elective endo-laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with modified-TEP technique for large inguinoscrotal and large femoral hernia in a single institution from June to October 2020. RESULTS 14 large inguinoscrotal hernia and 4 large femoral hernia were repaired using the modified-TEP technique in 15 patients. These patients reported minimal pain after surgery. There were no reported seroma, complications or recurrences up to 9 months follow-up period. CONCLUSION Modified-TEP technique for large inguinoscrotal and large femoral hernia has shown good outcomes and patients reported minimum levels of pain. In experienced hands, it is safe, feasible and effective in reducing seroma formation and hernia recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Wijerathne
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. .,General Surgery Service, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. .,Minimally Invasive Surgical Centre, Department of Surgery, National University Hospital, National University, Health System (NUHS), Level 8, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
| | - L Wai
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J Lee
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - C Loh
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - S Malik
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - D Lomanto
- Department of General Surgery, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,General Surgery Service, Alexandra Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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3
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Ciccone D, Lazari V, Linney I, Briggs M, Carreiro S, Waddell I, Hill C, Loh C, Tummino P, Collis A, Kaila N. A highly selective and potent HPK1 inhibitor enhances immune cell activation and induces robust tumor growth inhibition in a murine syngeneic tumor model. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)31118-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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4
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Khalsa B, Luu K, Gilbert B, Loh C, Openshaw K, Razavi M. 3:45 PM Abstract No. 180 Single-session treatment of lower extremity venous thrombosis using a novel thrombectomy device: results of a pilot study. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2019.12.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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5
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Kelleher J, Campbell V, Chen J, Gollob J, Ji N, Kamadurai H, Klaus C, Li H, Loh C, McDonald A, Rong H, Rusin S, Sharma K, Vigil D, Walker D, Weiss M, Yuan K, Zhang Y, Mainolfi N. KYM-001, A FIRST-IN-CLASS ORAL IRAK4 PROTEIN DEGRADER, INDUCES TUMOR REGRESSION IN XENOGRAFT MODELS OF MYD88-MUTANT ABC DLBCL ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH BTK INHIBITION. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.89_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kelleher
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - V. Campbell
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - J. Chen
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - J. Gollob
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - N. Ji
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Kamadurai
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - C. Klaus
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Li
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - C. Loh
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - A. McDonald
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Rong
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - S. Rusin
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - K. Sharma
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - D. Vigil
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - D. Walker
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - M. Weiss
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - K. Yuan
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - Y. Zhang
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - N. Mainolfi
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
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6
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Loh C, Teo YW, Lim L. Deliberate self-harm in adolescent psychiatric outpatients in Singapore: prevalence and associated risk factors. Singapore Med J 2013; 54:491-5. [DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2013170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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7
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Pau E, Loh C, Minty GES, Chang NH, Wither JE. Identification of a lupus-susceptibility locus leading to impaired clearance of apoptotic debris on New Zealand Black chromosome 13. Genes Immun 2013; 14:154-61. [PMID: 23328841 PMCID: PMC4931923 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2012.64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic multi-organ autoimmune disease marked mainly by the production of anti-nuclear antibodies. Nuclear antigens become accessible to the immune system following apoptosis and defective clearance of apoptotic debris has been shown in several knockout mouse models to promote lupus. However, genetic loci associated with defective clearance are not well defined in spontaneously arising lupus models. We previously showed that introgression of the chromosome 13 interval from lupus-prone New Zealand Black (NZB) mice onto a non-autoimmune B6 genetic background (B6.NZBc13) recapitulated many of the NZB autoimmune phenotypes. Here, we show that B6.NZBc13 mice have impaired clearance of apoptotic debris by peritoneal and tingible-body macrophages and have narrowed down the chromosomal interval of this defect using subcongenic mice with truncated NZB chromosome 13 intervals. This chromosomal region (81-94 Mb) is sufficient to produce polyclonal B- and T-cell activation, and expansion of dendritic cells. To fully recapitulate the autoimmune phenotypes seen in B6.NZBc13 mice, at least one additional locus located in the centromeric portion of the interval is required. Thus, we have identified a novel lupus susceptibility locus on NZB chromosome 13 that is associated with impaired clearance of apoptotic debris.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Pau
- Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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8
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Leal J, Orgaz A, Fontcuberta J, Flores A, Doblas M, Garcia-Benassi J, Lane B, Loh C, Criado E. A Prospective Evaluation of Cerebral Infarction following Transcervical Carotid Stenting with Carotid Flow Reversal. J Vasc Surg 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2010.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Florio SK, Loh C, Huang SM, Iwamaye AE, Kitto KF, Fowler KW, Treiberg JA, Hayflick JS, Walker JM, Fairbanks CA, Lai Y. Disruption of nNOS-PSD95 protein-protein interaction inhibits acute thermal hyperalgesia and chronic mechanical allodynia in rodents. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 158:494-506. [PMID: 19732061 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00300.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Post-synaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) contains three PSD95/Dosophilia disc large/ZO-1 homology domains and links neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) with the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor. This report assesses the effects of disruption of the protein-protein interaction between nNOS and PSD95 on pain sensitivity in rodent models of hyperalgesia and neuropathic pain. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH We generated two molecules that interfered with the nNOS-PSD95 interaction: IC87201, a small molecule inhibitor; and tat-nNOS (residues 1-299), a cell permeable fusion protein containing the PSD95 binding domain of nNOS. We then characterized these inhibitors using in vitro and in vivo models of acute hyperalgesia and chronic allodynia, both of which are thought to require nNOS activation. KEY RESULTS IC87201 and tat-nNOS (1-299) inhibited the in vitro binding of nNOS with PSD95, without inhibiting nNOS catalytic activity. Both inhibitors also blocked NMDA-induced 3',5'-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production in primary hippocampal cultures. Intrathecal administration of either inhibitor potently reversed NMDA-induced thermal hyperalgesia in mice. At anti-hyperalgesic doses, there was no effect on acute pain thresholds or motor coordination. Intrathecal administration of IC87201 and tat-nNOS also reversed mechanical allodynia induced by chronic constriction of the sciatic nerve. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS nNOS-PSD95 interaction is important in maintaining hypersensitivity in acute and chronic pain. Disruption of the nNOS-PSD95 interaction provides a novel approach to obtain selective anti-hyperalgesic compounds.
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Lee P, Steinberg M, Selch M, Abtin F, Suh R, Kee S, Loh C, Agazaryan N. Improved Accuracy for Non-spine Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy using Fiducial-based Image-guidance. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2009.07.1580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Gudmundsson M, Manuyakorn A, Lee E, Kee S, Wong J, Finn R, Lassman C, Loh C. Abstract No. 288 EE: Histopathologic and Radiologic Comparison of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) with Ethiodol and TACE with Drug Eluting Beads. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2008.12.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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12
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Loh C, Jiang D, Dezso A, Fitzgerald O’Connor A. Non-sutured fixation of cochlear implants using a minimally-invasive approach. Clin Otolaryngol 2008; 33:259-61. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-4486.2008.01697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity in severely mentally ill (SMI) populations is an increasing problem, but there is no controlled data regarding the relationship between SMI and weight perception. METHOD Fifty patients with schizophrenia and 50 demographically matched control participants were recruited. Weight, height, and body image accuracy were assessed for all participants, and assessments of mood, psychotic symptom severity and anxiety, and preferred modes of weight loss were assessed for the schizophrenia sample. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia were significantly more likely to be obese than controls (46% vs. 18%, P < 0.005), and most patients expressed an interest in losing weight. Obese participants with schizophrenia underestimated their body size (11.0%) more than controls (4.9%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Patients with schizophrenia are more likely to underestimate their body size, independent of the effects of obesity. However, they also express concern about weight issues and willingness to participate in psychoeducational groups targeted at weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loh
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, University of California, San Diego, CA 92161, USA.
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14
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Pauly T, Ding YH, Kamath A, Loh C, Low S, Mroczkowski B, Zhu J, Ermolieff J, Castro A, Rejto P. Structure of guinea pig 11β steroid dehydrogenase 1 with glycyrrhetinic acid. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305089488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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15
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Iezza G, Loh C, Lanman TH, Yong WH. June 2003: 33-year-old male with a frontal lobe mass. Brain Pathol 2003; 13:643-5. [PMID: 14655769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The June 2003 COM. A 33-year-old male with a history of seizures was found to have an intra- and extra-axial frontal lobe mass. The histology of the resected tumor showed a meningioma with underlying meningioangiomatosis. Meningioangiomatosis (MA) is a benign intracortical plaque-like proliferation of meningothelial cells, microvasculature and fibroblast-like cells probably of hamartomatous origin. Very rarely, MA is associated with an overlying meningioma as in this case. When MA is accompanied by a meningioma, it is generally not associated with clinical evidence of neurofibromatosis. It is important to distinguish MA from an invasive meningioma, because of its favorable prognosis after resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Iezza
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (Neuropathology), Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, Calif, USA
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16
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Gidycz CA, Lynn SJ, Rich CL, Marioni NL, Loh C, Blackwell LM, Stafford J, Fite R, Pashdag J. The evaluation of a sexual assault risk reduction program: a multisite investigation. J Consult Clin Psychol 2002. [PMID: 11777112 DOI: 10.1037//0022-006x.69.6.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes the results of the Ohio University Sexual Assault Risk Reduction Project, which is a program designed to reduce college women's risk for sexual assault. The program was evaluated at 2 separate universities with 762 women. Participants were randomly assigned either to the program or to the no-treatment comparison group, and they completed measures that assessed sexual victimization, dating behaviors, sexual communication, and rape empathy at the pretest and at the 2-month and 6-month follow-ups. At the 2-month follow-up, there were no differences between the groups on any of the outcome measures. However, those women who were moderately victimized during the 2-month follow-up were significantly less likely to be revictimized during the 6-month follow-up period if they participated in the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Gidycz
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University Athens 45701, USA.
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17
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Gidycz CA, Lynn SJ, Rich CL, Marioni NL, Loh C, Blackwell LM, Stafford J, Fite R, Pashdag J. The evaluation of a sexual assault risk reduction program: a multisite investigation. J Consult Clin Psychol 2001; 69:1073-8. [PMID: 11777112 DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.69.6.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article summarizes the results of the Ohio University Sexual Assault Risk Reduction Project, which is a program designed to reduce college women's risk for sexual assault. The program was evaluated at 2 separate universities with 762 women. Participants were randomly assigned either to the program or to the no-treatment comparison group, and they completed measures that assessed sexual victimization, dating behaviors, sexual communication, and rape empathy at the pretest and at the 2-month and 6-month follow-ups. At the 2-month follow-up, there were no differences between the groups on any of the outcome measures. However, those women who were moderately victimized during the 2-month follow-up were significantly less likely to be revictimized during the 6-month follow-up period if they participated in the program.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Gidycz
- Department of Psychology, Ohio University Athens 45701, USA.
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18
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Loh C, Sadler MA. Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis and a solitary renal angiomyolipoma in a 26-year-old woman who presented with spontaneous pneumothorax. Emerg Radiol 2001. [DOI: 10.1007/pl00011871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Abstract
The effects of cerium and lanthanum on the vegetative growth, floral initiation and reproductive growth of Arabidopsis thaliana were studied. Addition of cerium nitrate (0.5-10 µM) or lanthanum nitrate (0.5-50 µM) to the culture medium significantly increased the lengths of primary roots, but had no significant effects on the number of rosette leaves produced per plant, plant heights and dry weights during the vegetative growth stage (17 days after seed germination). The percentage of plants bolted was significantly increased with the addition of 0.5-10.0 µM cerium nitrate or lanthanum nitrate. The combination of 0.5 µM cerium nitrate and 0.5 µM lanthanum nitrate was found to be most effective on the induction of floral initiation. The height, dry weight and average number of flower numbers of 35-day-old plants growing in media containing cerium nitrate or/and lanthanum nitrate (0.5-10.0 µM) were found to be significantly higher than those in the control medium. The endogenous levels of cytokinins (zeatin riboside, dihydrozeatin riboside and isopentenyl adenosine) and carbohydrates (sucrose, glucose and fructose) in leaf and root tissues of plants growing in the medium supplemented with 0.5 µM cerium nitrate and 0.5 µM lanthanum nitrate were not significantly different from those of plants in the control medium. Application of 0.5 µM cerium nitrate and 0.5 µM lanthanum nitrate enhanced the effects of 10(-6) M IPA on root growth, plant height and flowering. The role of cerium and lanthanum in promoting floral initiation and reproductive growth and the possibility of developing non-hormonal flowering promoting agents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y He
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
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Kashishian A, Howard M, Loh C, Gallatin WM, Hoekstra MF, Lai Y. AKAP79 inhibits calcineurin through a site distinct from the immunophilin-binding region. J Biol Chem 1998; 273:27412-9. [PMID: 9765270 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.273.42.27412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeting of protein kinases and phosphatases provides additional specificity to substrate selectivity in cellular signaling. In the case of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin, AKAP79 has been shown to bind calcineurin and inhibit its activity in vitro (Coghlan, V., Perrino, B. A., Howard, M., Langeberg, L. K., Hicks, J. B., Gallatin, W. M., and Scott, J. D. (1995) Science 267, 108-111). In the present study, we characterized the binding regions on calcineurin A (CnA) and AKAP79 that are important for this interaction. Residues 30-98 and 311-336 on CnA, and residues 108-280 on AKAP79 were found to be important for binding. The binding of CnA by AKAP79 does not require the calcineurin B subunit, and occurs in a region distinct from where the immunosuppressant-immunophilin complex bind. AKAP79 also bound to CnA in cells transfected with AKAP79 and CnA. To determine the function of AKAP79-calcineurin interaction in intact cells, we measured the dephosphorylation and subsequent activation of NFAT, a transcription factor that is a substrate for calcineurin. Overexpression of AKAP79 inhibited NFAT dephosphorylation, resulting in a decrease in NFAT activation. These results demonstrated that AKAP79 can bind to and inhibit calcineurin activity in vivo, suggesting a physiological role for AKAP79-calcineurin interaction in NFAT-mediated signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kashishian
- ICOS Corporation, Bothell, Washington 98021, USA
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21
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Abstract
Calcineurin plays a pivotal role in the T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated signal transduction pathway and serves as a common target for the immunosuppressants FK506 and cyclosporin A. We report the identification of a novel endogenous calcineurin binding protein named Cabin 1 that inhibits calcineurin-mediated signal transduction. The interaction between Cabin 1 and calcineurin is dependent on PKC activation. Overexpression of Cabin 1 or its N-terminal truncation mutants inhibits the transcriptional activation of calcineurin-responsive elements in the interleukin-2 promoter and blocks dephosphorylation of NF-AT upon T cell activation. These results suggest a negative regulatory role for Cabin 1 in calcineurin signaling and provide a possible mechanism of feedback inhibition of TCR signaling through cross-talk between protein kinases and calcineurin.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sun
- Center for Cancer Research and Deparmtent of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA
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22
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Niwayama S, Loh C, Turk BE, Liu JO, Miyachi H, Hashimoto Y. Enhanced potency of perfluorinated thalidomide derivatives for inhibition of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha production is associated with a change of mechanism of action. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 1998; 8:1071-6. [PMID: 9871710 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(98)00171-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Perfluorination of phthalimides leads to dramatically increased potency as inhibitors of TNF-alpha production. We examined the enantiodependence for several tetrafluorophthalimides and alpha-methylthalidomide, 3. Only 3 exhibited strikingly enantiodependent activity. The key structural determinant for the enhanced activity is the tetrafluorophthaloyl group, which confers enhanced potency and a change in the mechanism of inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Niwayama
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, USA
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Datta SN, Allman R, Loh C, Mason M, Matthews PN. Effect of photodynamic therapy in combination with mitomycin C on a mitomycin-resistant bladder cancer cell line. Br J Cancer 1997; 76:312-7. [PMID: 9252197 PMCID: PMC2224056 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.1997.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is a method for treating cancer using drugs activated by light. A new compound, 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA), is a precursor of the active photosensitizer protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and has fewer side-effects and much more transient phototoxicity than previous photosensitizers. Cell survival of ALA-mediated photodynamic therapy was measured in the J82 bladder cancer cell line, along with its mitomycin C-resistant counterpart J82/MMC. This demonstrated that mitomycin resistance is not cross-resistant to photodynamic therapy. There was also a suggestion that the mitomycin-resistant cells were more susceptible to photodynamic therapy than the parent cell line. Photodynamic therapy appeared to enhance the effect of mitomycin C, when mitomycin C was given first. This phenomenon was apparent for both drug-resistant and drug-sensitive cell lines. This suggests a possible role for combined mitomycin C and photodynamic therapy in superficial bladder tumours that have recurred despite intravesical cytotoxic drug treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Datta
- Department of Urology, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff
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24
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Loh C, Carew JA, Kim J, Hogan PG, Rao A. T-cell receptor stimulation elicits an early phase of activation and a later phase of deactivation of the transcription factor NFAT1. Mol Cell Biol 1996; 16:3945-54. [PMID: 8668212 PMCID: PMC231391 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.16.7.3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We show here that NFAT1 is rapidly activated, then slowly deactivated, by stimulation of T cells through their antigen receptor. Within minutes of T-cell receptor stimulation, NFAT1 is dephosphorylated, translocates from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, and shows an increase in its ability to bind to DNA. These changes are dependent on calcium mobilization and calcineurin activation, since they are also elicited by ionomycin and are blocked by the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A. After several hours of T-cell receptor stimulation, the majority of the NFAT1 in the cell reverts to its original phosphorylated form, reappears in the cytoplasm, and again displays a low affinity for DNA. Deactivation of NFAT1 is facilitated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and inhibitors of capacitative calcium entry and most likely reflects the slow return of intracellular free calcium concentrations towards resting levels. Our results suggest that calcineurin-dependent signalling pathways mediate the early activation of NFAT1, while phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-dependent feedback pathways contribute to the late deactivation. Persistent NFAT-dependent cytokine gene transcription in activated T cells may be mediated by other NFAT family proteins in addition to NFAT1 during the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loh
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
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25
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Loh C, Shaw KT, Carew J, Viola JP, Luo C, Perrino BA, Rao A. Calcineurin binds the transcription factor NFAT1 and reversibly regulates its activity. J Biol Chem 1996; 271:10884-91. [PMID: 8631904 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.271.18.10884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
NFAT1 (previously termed NFATp) is a cytoplasmic transcription factor involved in the induction of cytokine genes. We have previously shown that the dephosphorylation of NFAT1, accompanied by its nuclear translocation and increased DNA binding activity, is regulated by calcium- and calcineurin-dependent mechanisms, as each of these hallmarks of NFAT1 activation is elicited by ionomycin and blocked by the immunosuppressive drugs cyclosporin A and FK506 (Shaw, K.T.-Y., Ho, A.M., Raghavan, A., Kim, J., Jain, J., Park, J., Sharma, S., Rao, A., and Hogan, P.G. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92, 11205-11209). Here we show that the activation state of NFAT1 in T cells is remarkably sensitive to the level of calcineurin activity. Addition of cyclosporin A, even in the presence of ongoing ionomycin stimulation, results in rephosphorylation of NFAT1, its reappearance in the cytoplasm, and a return of its DNA binding activity to low levels. Similar effects are observed upon removal of ionomycin or addition of EGTA. We also demonstrate a direct interaction between calcineurin and NFAT1 that is consistent with a direct enzyme-substrate relation between these two proteins and that may underlie the sensitivity of NFAT1 activation to the level of calcineurin activity. The NFAT1-calcineurin interaction, which involves an N-terminal region of NFAT1 conserved in other NFAT family proteins, may provide a target for the design of novel immunosuppressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loh
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Barrington JW, Loh C, Cartledge J, Stephenson TP. Acute on chronic renal failure associated with complete vaginal vault prolapse after hysterectomy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 1996. [DOI: 10.3109/01443619609004106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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27
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Abstract
The past two years have seen significant advances in our understanding of IL-2 gene transcription. Many of the relevant transcription factors have been identified, the intracellular mechanisms regulating their functions are being elucidated, and the multiple roles of calcineurin are beginning to be appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jain
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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28
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Loh C, Romeo C, Seed B, Bruder JT, Rapp U, Rao A. Association of Raf with the CD3 delta and gamma chains of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. J Biol Chem 1994; 269:8817-25. [PMID: 8132616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinases and phosphatases play an important role in signal transduction. In the T cell, activation via the T cell receptor-CD3 complex results in rapid tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins, as well as subsequent increases in serine/threonine phosphorylation. The Raf serine/threonine kinase has been implicated in many receptor signaling pathways, including those of platelet-derived growth factor, epidermal growth factor, insulin, and interleukin-2 receptors. We show here that Raf is associated with the T cell receptor-CD3 complex in unstimulated murine T cells. Using a COS cell expression system, we show that a hypophosphorylated form of Raf specifically associates with the CD3 gamma and delta chains but not with the CD3 epsilon or zeta chains. These results suggest that Raf mediates signal transduction from the gamma and delta chains of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex, analogous to the role played by ZAP-70 in signal transduction mediated by the zeta chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Loh
- Division of Tumor Virology and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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29
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Loh C, Romeo C, Seed B, Bruder J, Rapp U, Rao A. Association of Raf with the CD3 delta and gamma chains of the T cell receptor-CD3 complex. J Biol Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)37042-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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30
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Herman TS, Teicher BA, Chan V, Collins LS, Kaufmann ME, Loh C. Effect of hyperthermia on the action of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), rhodamine 123(2) [tetrachloroplatinum(II)], rhodamine 123, and potassium tetrachloroplatinate in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Res 1988; 48:2335-41. [PMID: 3356001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Platinum rhodamine 123 [Pt(Rh-123)2] was synthesized in an effort to produce a new drug which would have the selective uptake into carcinoma cells of Rh-123 and the alkylating and radiosensitizing properties of the chloroplatinum moiety. Because both Rh-123 and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (CDDP) have been shown to become more cytotoxic at elevated temperatures, we tested the interactions between Pt(Rh-123)2 and hyperthermia both in EMT6 cells in vitro and in the Lewis lung carcinoma in vivo. In the EMT6 cells, CDDP was far more cytotoxic than Pt(Rh-123)2 at 37 degrees C, but its cytotoxicity was less enhanced by exposure of cells to the drug at 42 degrees C than was true for Pt(Rh-123)2 [about 2 logs of increased killing at 42 degrees C after exposure to 10 microM CDDP versus over 3 logs of increased killing at 42 degrees C after exposure to 500 microM Pt(Rh-123)2]. Both Rh-123 and K2PtCl4 also are more cytotoxic to EMT6 cells at 42 degrees C than at 37 degrees C, but the hyperthermic enhancement was far less striking. In the Lewis lung carcinoma, the growth delay produced by CDDP (8 mg/kg) increased by a factor of approximately 2.5 when the drug was given i.p. just prior to local heating of the s.c. thigh tumor to 43 degrees C for 30 min, but the growth delay produced by Pt(Rh-123)2 (100 mg/kg) given i.p. 1 h before local hyperthermia increased by a factor of 5. In contrast, K2PtCl4 and Rh-123 given i.p. produced very short growth delays at normal temperatures and these growth delays were not enhanced by hyperthermia. The effect of these drugs at 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C on the conformation of superhelical pBR322 DNA was also examined. Exposure to CDDP caused progressive alteration from the supercoiled to the linear form of the DNA over time. In contrast, Pt(Rh-123)2 apparently produced progressive degradation of the DNA. Hyperthermia did not alter the qualitative damage produced by the drugs but increased the rate at which the changes occurred. These results suggest both that Pt(Rh-123)2 probably has a different mechanism of action at the DNA than does CDDP and that Pt(Rh-123)2 may be a good drug to use with local hyperthermia and radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Herman
- Joint Center for Radiation Therapy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115
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31
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Mencer EJ, Loh C, McElhinney AJ. Ileocolic intussusception presenting as a left upper quadrant mass, masquerading as pancreatic pseudocyst. Mt Sinai J Med 1975; 42:581-5. [PMID: 1082075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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