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Hubeau C, Sullivan J, Brown C, Mayo M, Dixit V, Enerson B, Rong H, Yang B, De Savi C, Gollob J, Mainolfi N, Slavin A. OP0080 STAT3 DEGRADERS INHIBIT Th17 DEVELOPMENT AND CYTOKINE PRODUCTION RESULTING IN PROFOUND INHIBITION OF COLLAGEN-INDUCED AUTOIMMUNE MURINE ARTHRITIS. Ann Rheum Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundSignal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that belongs to a class of targets devoid of catalytic function, thus deemed “undruggable” by standard modalities such as small molecule inhibitors or biologics. STAT3 can be activated by various receptor- and non-receptor tyrosine kinases, playing a critical role in activation pathways triggered by cytokines, hormones, and growth factors, making it an attractive target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.ObjectivesKymera has developed heterobifunctional molecules that selectively target STAT3 for degradation and elimination by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. We sought to evaluate the pharmacologic potential of these STAT3 degraders through in vitro and in vivo studies relevant to human autoimmune disease, including murine collagen-induced arthritis.MethodsWe evaluated the impact of STAT3 degraders on the activation of human monocytes, dermal fibroblasts, CD4+ T cells, and PBMC by LPS, IL-6/IL-6R, IL-21, IL-23, as well as anti-CD3/CD28 plus a cocktail of cytokines and antibodies. STAT3 degradation and pSTAT3 inhibition were determined in comparison to a JAK1/2 small molecule inhibitor. Inhibition of cytokines, chemokines, and collagen release, as well as Th17 (CD4+CD25-RORγt+CXCR6+) and Treg (CD4+CD25+CD127lowFOXP3+) expansion were used as in vitro efficacy assays. Finally, STAT3 degraders were tested in vivo, in a mechanistic (IL-6 challenge) as well as a disease model (murine CIA) relevant to rheumatology indications.ResultsSTAT3 degraders showed broad and potent activity in-vitro against TLR receptor and cytokine-induced activation of immune and stromal cells, including soluble mediator release such as MCP-1/CCL2 and Collagen1a1. STAT3 degradation in CD4+ T cells robustly inhibited the development of Th17 cells, abrogating IL-17, IL-22, IL-8/CXCL8, and TNFα production, and increased Treg numbers in a manner superior to JAK1/2 inhibition. In mice injected with IL-6, plasma levels of serum amyloid A were dose-dependently suppressed by STAT3 degradation. In the murine collagen-induced arthritis model, STAT3 degradation resulted in robust, dose-dependent delay of disease onset and decreased disease incidence, clinical scores, local cytokine expression (paws) and histopathological scores, including the complete alleviation of periosteal bone growth.ConclusionThese data demonstrate the broad activity of STAT3 degradation in alleviating autoimmune inflammation in models relevant to human disease. Targeted protein degradation of STAT3 thus represents a novel therapeutic approach to treating autoimmune/autoinflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.Disclosure of InterestsCedric Hubeau Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Jeffrey Sullivan Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Crystal Brown Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Michele Mayo Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Vaishali Dixit Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Bradley Enerson Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Haojing Rong Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Bin Yang Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Chris De Savi Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Jared Gollob Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Nello Mainolfi Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics, Anthony Slavin Shareholder of: Kymera Therapeutics, Employee of: Kymera Therapeutics.
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Wu DO H, Rong H, Ying Z, Jinjin F, Ning L, Xiao Y. POS-097 MECHANISM OF LOW POTASSIUM AND ITS EFFECT ON INTESTINAL BACTERIAL TRANSLOCATION. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Wu J, Ji W, Fu N, Rong H. P35.16 Biomarker Landscape in Multicenter China Lung Cancer Precision Medicine Registry. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.01.717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ma H, Rong H, Zhang JJ, Shi JM, Sun ZQ. TWO Yb(III)-CONTAINING COORDINATION POLYMERS:
STRUCTURAL INSIGHTS AND SYNERGY EFFECT WITH SEVENTY-FLAVOR PEARL PILLS ON CEREBRAL ISCHEMIA BY REGULATING MONOAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476620080156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Slavin A, Campbell V, Mayo M, Rong H, Zheng X, Ji N, Weiss M, Rusin S, Sharma K, Gollob J, Mainolfi N. 588 Identification of highly potent and selective Interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) degraders for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. J Invest Dermatol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.03.598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Kelleher J, Campbell V, Chen J, Gollob J, Ji N, Kamadurai H, Klaus C, Li H, Loh C, McDonald A, Rong H, Rusin S, Sharma K, Vigil D, Walker D, Weiss M, Yuan K, Zhang Y, Mainolfi N. KYM-001, A FIRST-IN-CLASS ORAL IRAK4 PROTEIN DEGRADER, INDUCES TUMOR REGRESSION IN XENOGRAFT MODELS OF MYD88-MUTANT ABC DLBCL ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH BTK INHIBITION. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.89_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Kelleher
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - V. Campbell
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - J. Chen
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - J. Gollob
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - N. Ji
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Kamadurai
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - C. Klaus
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Li
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - C. Loh
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - A. McDonald
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - H. Rong
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - S. Rusin
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - K. Sharma
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - D. Vigil
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - D. Walker
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - M. Weiss
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - K. Yuan
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - Y. Zhang
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
| | - N. Mainolfi
- Discovery; Kymera Therapeutics; Cambridge United States
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Wang SZ, Wang XB, Li M, Shen RX, Rong H, Li JS. [Application of three-dimensional visualization in pancreatic tumor: a pilot study]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:760-764. [PMID: 29050177 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To study the value of three-dimensional(3D) visualization in the diagnosis and surgical treatment for pancreatic tumor. Methods: From June to September 2016, 26 patients with pancreatic tumors in Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University were involved. The study included 26 patients(8 females and 18 males) with mean age of (57±12)years (ranging from 23 to 77 years). And there were 20 malignant tumors and 6 benign tumors. All of them were examined with abdominal thin slice CT scanning and the CT images were imported into 3D visualization system for 3D visualization. The main elements examined by 3D visualization included tumor shape, size, and location; distribution and morphology of the peripancreatic lymph node; the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels. Results: Among the 26 patients, there were 21 cases with pancreatic cancer, of which 15 cases successfully underwent standard pancreatectomy. All patients were operated underwent accurate assessment. The 3D model demonstrated the origination and bifurcations of blood vessels, and the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels efficiently. The 3D technique could facilitate to evaluate response of neiadjuvant chemotherapy in the pancreatic cancer patients (n=5).3D reconstruction could detect the lymph-node metastases accurately (n=12) in patients with pancreatic cancer. 3D reconstruction were applied to evaluate the the size and range of tumor on 5 cases. Conclusions: 3D reconstruction allows stereoscopic identification of the spatial relationships between physiologic and pathologic structures.The 3D technique could facilitate to evaluate distribution and morphology of the peripancreatic lymph node, and to evaluate the relationships among neoplasms, organs and blood vessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Wang
- Research Institute of General Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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Tong HQ, Jiang ZQ, Dou TF, Li QH, Xu ZQ, Liu LX, Gu DH, Rong H, Huang Y, Chen XB, Jois M, Te Pas MFW, Ge CR, Jia JJ. Comparison and analysis of Wuding and avian chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8815. [PMID: 27808377 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15048815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Chicken skeletal muscle satellite cells are located between the basement membrane and the sarcolemma of mature muscle fibers. Avian broilers have been genetically selected based on their high growth velocity and large muscle mass. The Wuding chicken is a famous local chicken in Yunnan Province that undergoes non-selection breeding and is slow growing. In this study, we aimed to explore differences in the proliferation and differentiation properties of satellite cells isolated from the two chicken breeds. Using immunofluorescence, hematoxylin-eosin staining and real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, we analyzed the in vitro characteristics of proliferating and differentiating satellite cells isolated from the two chicken breeds. The growth curve of satellite cells was S-shaped, and cells from Wuding chickens entered the logarithmic phase and plateau phase 1 day later than those from Avian chicken. The results also showed that the two skeletal muscle satellite cell lines were positive for Pax7, MyoD and IGF-1. The expression of Pax7 followed a downward trend, whereas that of MyoD and IGF-1 first increased and subsequently decreased in cells isolated from the two chickens. These data indicated that the skeletal muscle satellite cells of Avian chicken grow and differentiate faster than did those of Wuding chickens. We suggest that the methods of breeding selection applied to these breeds regulate the characteristics of skeletal muscle satellite cells to influence muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Q Tong
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Z Q Jiang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - T F Dou
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Q H Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Z Q Xu
- Department of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - L X Liu
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - D H Gu
- Department of Food Science, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - H Rong
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Y Huang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - X B Chen
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - M Jois
- School of Life Sciences Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - M F W Te Pas
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Centre, Wageningen UR Livestock Science, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - C R Ge
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
| | - J J Jia
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China
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Singh P, Rong H, Gordi T, Bosley J, Bhattacharya I. Translational Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of MYO-029 Antibody for Muscular Dystrophy. Clin Transl Sci 2016; 9:302-310. [PMID: 27700008 PMCID: PMC5351001 DOI: 10.1111/cts.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppression of the myostatin (GDF‐8) pathway has emerged as an important therapeutic paradigm for muscle‐wasting disorders. In this study, we conducted a translational pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis of MYO‐029, an anti‐myostatin monoclonal antibody, using PK data in mice, rats, monkeys, humans, mouse tissue distribution data with 125I‐labeled MYO‐029, muscle weight increase in SCID mice, and muscle circumference changes in monkeys. This analysis revealed significant in vivo potency shift between mice and monkeys (72 nM vs. 1.3 μM for 50% effect on quadriceps). Estimated central clearance of MYO‐029 (0.38 mL/h/kg) in humans was greater than twofold higher than typical IgG mAbs. Peak and trough steady‐state exposures of MYO‐029 in patients at biweekly intravenous doses of 10 mg/kg MYO‐029 are predicted to achieve only 50% and 10% of the maximum effect seen in monkeys, respectively. These retrospective analyses results suggest that the MYO‐029 exposures in this trial had a low probability of producing robust efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Singh
- Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism, Pfizer, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H Rong
- Shire Pharmaceutical, Lexington, Massachusetts, USA
| | - T Gordi
- Nektar Therapeutics, Inc, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - J Bosley
- Clermont Bosley LLC, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - I Bhattacharya
- Clinical Pharmacology, Pfizer, Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Liu L, Dou T, Li Q, Rong H, Tong H, Xu Z, Huang Y, Gu D, Chen X, Ge C, Jia J. Myostatin mRNA expression and its association with body weight and carcass traits in Yunnan Wuding chicken. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr-15-04-gmr.15048967. [DOI: 10.4238/gmr15048967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hu YB, Zhang J, Zhang XN, Rong H, Wu Y, Yu Y, Hao QX. Preparation and characterisation of porous titanium using plasma activated sintering technique. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1179/1432891714z.000000000380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. B. Hu
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringKunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - J. Zhang
- Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033, China
| | - X. N. Zhang
- Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033, China
| | - H. Rong
- Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033, China
| | - Y. Wu
- Faculty of Economics, Yunnan University of Nationalities, Kunming 650031, China
| | - Y. Yu
- Kunming Metallurgy College Kunming 650033, China
| | - Q. X. Hao
- Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringKunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
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Feng G, Rong H. The role of hemodynamic and vasoactive substances on hepatopulmonary syndrome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2014; 18:380-386. [PMID: 24563438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a chronic hepatic complication characterized by defect in arterial oxygenation induced by pulmonary vascular dilatation and vasoactive substances in the setting of chronic liver disease (CLD). This study is to investigate the abnormality of hemodynamic and vasoactive substances in hepatopulmonary syndrome. PATIENTS AND METHODS From September 2007 to September 2012, 58 patients with HPS in the General Surgery Department and Transplantation Center of Renji Hospital were enrolled for the case-control study. HPS patients enrolled were referred to as group H, CLD without HPS to as group C and case controls to as group N. Hemodynamic parameters of the systemic and pulmonary circulations as well as vasoactive substances in the radial and pulmonary arteries were measured in all patients. Univariate and multiple regression analysis were performed afterwards. RESULTS The mean pulmonary arterial pressure, pulmonary artery wedge pressure, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in HPS patients were significantly lower than those in CLD patients without HPS (p < 0.05). The nitrite-to-nitrate ratio (NO2-/NO3-), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the radial and pulmonary arteries differed significantly among group H, group C and case controls (group N) separately (p < 0.05). The vasoactive intestinal peptide and 6-keto-prostaglandin-F1α in the radial and pulmonary arteries of group H were significantly higher than those in group N (p < 0.05). The NO2(-)/NO3(-) levels correlated negatively with PVR (r = -0.535, p < 0.05) and Endothelin-1 (r = -0.624, p < 0.05). CO (p < 0.05), CI (p < 0.05), SI (p < 0.05) and TNF-α (p < 0.05) level are considered significantly when performed with multiple regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS The CO increases and PVR decreases in HPS patients. The abnormally elevated NO2-/NO3- level in the pulmonary circulation leads to pulmonary vasodilation. ET-1 may induce nitric oxide synthesis and correlated negatively with PVR in HPS. CO, CI, SI and TNF-α level are independent risk factors for HPS patients' survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Pudong, Shanghai, China.
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Bi B, Xiao X, Zhang H, Gao J, Tao M, Niu H, Wang Y, Wang Q, Chen C, Sun N, Li K, Fu J, Gan Z, Sang W, Zhang G, Yang L, Tian T, Li Q, Yang Q, Sun L, Li Y, Rong H, Guan C, Zhao X, Ye D, Zhang Y, Ma Z, Li H, He K, Chen J, Cai Y, Zhou C, Luo Y, Wang S, Gao S, Liu J, Guo L, Guan J, Kang Z, Di D, Li Y, Shi S, Li Y, Chen Y, Flint J, Kendler K, Liu Y. A comparison of the clinical characteristics of women with recurrent major depression with and without suicidal symptomatology. Psychol Med 2012; 42:2591-2598. [PMID: 22716960 PMCID: PMC3488812 DOI: 10.1017/s003329171200058x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between recurrent major depression (MD) in women and suicidality is complex. We investigated the extent to which patients who suffered with various forms of suicidal symptomatology can be distinguished from those subjects without such symptoms. METHOD We examined the clinical features of the worst episode in 1970 Han Chinese women with recurrent DSM-IV MD between the ages of 30 and 60 years from across China. Student's t tests, and logistic and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine the association between suicidality and other clinical features of MD. RESULTS Suicidal symptomatology is significantly associated with a more severe form of MD, as indexed by both the number of episodes and number of MD symptoms. Patients reporting suicidal thoughts, plans or attempts experienced a significantly greater number of stressful life events. The depressive symptom most strongly associated with lifetime suicide attempt was feelings of worthlessness (odds ratio 4.25, 95% confidence interval 2.9-6.3). Excessive guilt, diminished concentration and impaired decision-making were also significantly associated with a suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS This study contributes to the existing literature on risk factors for suicidal symptomatology in depressed women. Identifying specific depressive symptoms and co-morbid psychiatric disorders may help improve the clinical assessment of suicide risk in depressed patients. These findings could be helpful in identifying those who need more intense treatment strategies in order to prevent suicide.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Bi
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China (PRC)
| | - X. Xiao
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China (PRC)
| | - H. Zhang
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China (PRC)
| | - J. Gao
- ZheJiang Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, Hangzhou, PRC
| | - M. Tao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, PRC
| | - H. Niu
- No. 1 Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PRC
| | - Y. Wang
- Shandong Mental Health Center, Shan Dong, PRC
| | - Q. Wang
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, PRC
| | - C. Chen
- No. 1 Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shaan Xi, PRC
| | - N. Sun
- No. 1 Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, PRC
| | - K. Li
- Mental Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi, PRC
| | - J. Fu
- ShengJing Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, PRC
| | - Z. Gan
- No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Zhongshan University, Guangdong, PRC
| | - W. Sang
- Hebei Mental Health Center, Hebei, PRC
| | - G. Zhang
- No. 4 Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiang Su, PRC
| | - L. Yang
- Jilin Brain Hospital, Jilin, PRC
| | - T. Tian
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Tianjin, PRC
| | - Q. Li
- No. 1 Mental Health Center Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - Q. Yang
- Chongqing Mental Health Center, Chongqing, PRC
| | - L. Sun
- Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province, Henan, PRC
| | - Ying Li
- Dalian No. 7 People's Hospital and Dalian Mental Health Center, Dalian, PRC
| | - H. Rong
- Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, PRC
| | - C. Guan
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Jiang Su, PRC
| | - X. Zhao
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, PRC
| | - D. Ye
- Sichuan Mental Health Center, Sichuan, PRC
| | - Y. Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Gansu Province, PRC
| | - Z. Ma
- No. 1 Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PRC
| | - H. Li
- Mental Health Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Si Chuan, PRC
| | - K. He
- Shanghai Tongji University Affiliated Tongji Hospital, Shanghai, PRC
| | - J. Chen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Y. Cai
- Fudan University Affiliated Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, PRC
| | - C. Zhou
- Wuhan Mental Health Center, Hubei, PRC
| | - Y. Luo
- No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang, PRC
| | - S. Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, PRC
| | - S. Gao
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Zhejiang, PRC
| | - J. Liu
- Suzhou Guangji Hospital, Jiangsu, PRC
| | - L. Guo
- The Fourth Military Medical University Affiliated Xijing Hospital, Shaanxi, PRC
| | - J. Guan
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital/Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Guangzhou, PRC
| | - Z. Kang
- No. 4 People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Shandong, PRC
| | - D. Di
- Mental Health Institute of Jining Medical College, Shandong, PRC
| | - Yajuan Li
- Xian Mental Health Center, Xian, Shanxi, PRC
| | - S. Shi
- Fudan University Affiliated Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, PRC
| | - Yihan Li
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - Y. Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Richard Doll Building, Oxford, UK
| | - J. Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - K. Kendler
- Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Y. Liu
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China (PRC)
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Cong E, Li Y, Shao C, Chen J, Wu W, Shang X, Wang Z, Liu Y, Liu L, Gao C, Li Y, Wu J, Deng H, Liu J, Sang W, Liu G, Rong H, Gan Z, Li L, Li K, Pan J, Li Y, Cui Y, Sun L, Liu L, Liu H, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Zhang R, Chen Y, Wang X, Li H, Chen Y, Lin Y, Kendler KS, Flint J, Shi S. Childhood sexual abuse and the risk for recurrent major depression in Chinese women. Psychol Med 2012; 42:409-417. [PMID: 21835095 PMCID: PMC3250087 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291711001462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in Western countries have repeatedly shown that women with a history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) are at increased risk for developing major depression (MD). Would this relationship be found in China? METHOD Three levels of CSA (non-genital, genital, and intercourse) were assessed by self-report in two groups of Han Chinese women: 1970 clinically ascertained with recurrent MD and 2597 matched controls. Diagnostic and other risk factor information was assessed at personal interview. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated by logistic regression and regression coefficients by linear or Poisson regression. RESULTS Any form of CSA was significantly associated with recurrent MD [OR 3.26, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95-5.45]. This association strengthened with increasing CSA severity: non-genital (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.17-5.23), genital (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.32-5.83) and intercourse (OR 13.35, 95% CI 1.83-97.42). The association between any form of CSA and MD remained significant after accounting for parental history of depression, childhood emotional neglect (CEN), childhood physical abuse (CPA) and parent-child relationship. Among the depressed women, those with CSA had an earlier age of onset, longer depressive episodes and an increased risk for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD; OR 1.92, 95% CI 1.39-2.66) and dysthymia (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.52-3.09). CONCLUSIONS In Chinese women CSA is strongly associated with MD and this association increases with greater severity of CSA. Depressed women with CSA have an earlier age of onset, longer depressive episodes and increased co-morbidity with GAD and dysthymia. Although reporting biases cannot be ruled out, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that, as in Western countries, CSA substantially increases the risk for MD in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Cong
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - Y. Li
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - C. Shao
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - J. Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - W. Wu
- Tongji Hospital, Shanghai Tongji University, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - X. Shang
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Z. Wang
- No. 4 Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Y. Liu
- Tianjin Anding Hospital, Hexi District, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - L. Liu
- Shandong Mental Health Centre, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - C. Gao
- No. 1 Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Y. Li
- No. 1 Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - J. Wu
- No. 1 Mental Health Centre Affiliated Harbin Medical University, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - H. Deng
- Mental Health Centre of West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Wu Hou District, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - J. Liu
- Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xicheng District, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - W. Sang
- Hebei Mental Health Centre, Baoding, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - G. Liu
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Heping District Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - H. Rong
- Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Luo Hu, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Z. Gan
- No. 3 Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Tian He District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - L. Li
- No. 1 Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - K. Li
- Mental Hospital of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - J. Pan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Tian He District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Y. Li
- Wuhan Mental Health Centre, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Y. Cui
- No. 3 Hospital of Heilongjiang Province, Beian, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - L. Sun
- Jilin Brain Hospital, Siping, Jilin, P.R. China
| | - L. Liu
- The First Hospital of China Medical University, He Ping District, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - H. Liu
- Dalian No. 7 People's Hospital and Dalian Mental Health Centre, Gan Jing Zi District, Dalian, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - X. Zhao
- The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, P.R. China
| | - Y. Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, P.R. China
| | - R. Zhang
- Psychiatric Hospital of Henan Province, Xinxiang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Y. Chen
- The Fourth Military Medical University affiliated Xijing Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - X. Wang
- No. 4 People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Liaocheng, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - H. Li
- Guangzhou Brain Hospital/Guangzhou Psychiatric Hospital, Li Wan District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Y. Chen
- Clinical Trial Service Unit, Richard Doll Building, Oxford, UK
| | - Y. Lin
- Fuzhou Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Fuzhou City, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - K. S. Kendler
- Department of Psychiatry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - J. Flint
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, UK
| | - S. Shi
- Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Mental Health Centre, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Junping K, Xiaohui L, Qiang L, Rong H, Jiahui W, Changsheng M. e0341 Effect of fasting glucose levels on mortality rate in patients with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease undergoing revascularization. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Rong H, Changsheng M, Shaoping N, Qiang L, Junping K, Xiaohui L. e0376 Effect of metabolic syndrome on prognosis of revascularization in patients with coronary artery disease. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Qiang L, Xiaohui L, Junping K, Rong H, Jiahui W, Changsheng M. e0453 Effect of blood pressure levels on prognosis in patients of non st segment elevated acute coronary syndrome without prior history of hypertension. Heart 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2010.208967.453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abbott B, Abbott R, Adhikari R, Ageev A, Allen B, Amin R, Anderson SB, Anderson WG, Araya M, Armandula H, Ashley M, Asiri F, Aufmuth P, Aulbert C, Babak S, Balasubramanian R, Ballmer S, Barish BC, Barker C, Barker D, Barnes M, Barr B, Barton MA, Bayer K, Beausoleil R, Belczynski K, Bennett R, Berukoff SJ, Betzwieser J, Bhawal B, Bilenko IA, Billingsley G, Black E, Blackburn K, Blackburn L, Bland B, Bochner B, Bogue L, Bork R, Bose S, Brady PR, Braginsky VB, Brau JE, Brown DA, Bullington A, Bunkowski A, Buonanno A, Burgess R, Busby D, Butler WE, Byer RL, Cadonati L, Cagnoli G, Camp JB, Cantley CA, Cardenas L, Carter K, Casey MM, Castiglione J, Chandler A, Chapsky J, Charlton P, Chatterji S, Chelkowski S, Chen Y, Chickarmane V, Chin D, Christensen N, Churches D, Cokelaer T, Colacino C, Coldwell R, Coles M, Cook D, Corbitt T, Coyne D, Creighton JDE, Creighton TD, Crooks DRM, Csatorday P, Cusack BJ, Cutler C, D'Ambrosio E, Danzmann K, Daw E, DeBra D, Delker T, Dergachev V, DeSalvo R, Dhurandhar S, Di Credico A, Díaz M, Ding H, Drever RWP, Dupuis RJ, Edlund JA, Ehrens P, Elliffe EJ, Etzel T, Evans M, Evans T, Fairhurst S, Fallnich C, Farnham D, Fejer MM, Findley T, Fine M, Finn LS, Franzen KY, Freise A, Frey R, Fritschel P, Frolov VV, Fyffe M, Ganezer KS, Garofoli J, Giaime JA, Gillespie A, Goda K, González G, Gossler S, Grandclément P, Grant A, Gray C, Gretarsson AM, Grimmett D, Grote H, Grunewald S, Guenther M, Gustafson E, Gustafson R, Hamilton WO, Hammond M, Hanson J, Hardham C, Harms J, Harry G, Hartunian A, Heefner J, Hefetz Y, Heinzel G, Heng IS, Hennessy M, Hepler N, Heptonstall A, Heurs M, Hewitson M, Hild S, Hindman N, Hoang P, Hough J, Hrynevych M, Hua W, Ito M, Itoh Y, Ivanov A, Jennrich O, Johnson B, Johnson WW, Johnston WR, Jones DI, Jones L, Jungwirth D, Kalogera V, Katsavounidis E, Kawabe K, Kawamura S, Kells W, Kern J, Khan A, Killbourn S, Killow CJ, Kim C, King C, King P, Klimenko S, Koranda S, Kötter K, Kovalik J, Kozak D, Krishnan B, Landry M, Langdale J, Lantz B, Lawrence R, Lazzarini A, Lei M, Leonor I, Libbrecht K, Libson A, Lindquist P, Liu S, Logan J, Lormand M, Lubinski M, Lück H, Lyons TT, Machenschalk B, MacInnis M, Mageswaran M, Mailand K, Majid W, Malec M, Mann F, Marin A, Márka S, Maros E, Mason J, Mason K, Matherny O, Matone L, Mavalvala N, McCarthy R, McClelland DE, McHugh M, McNabb JWC, Mendell G, Mercer RA, Meshkov S, Messaritaki E, Messenger C, Mitrofanov VP, Mitselmakher G, Mittleman R, Miyakawa O, Miyoki S, Mohanty S, Moreno G, Mossavi K, Mueller G, Mukherjee S, Murray P, Myers J, Nagano S, Nash T, Nayak R, Newton G, Nocera F, Noel JS, Nutzman P, Olson T, O'Reilly B, Ottaway DJ, Ottewill A, Ouimette D, Overmier H, Owen BJ, Pan Y, Papa MA, Parameshwaraiah V, Parameswariah C, Pedraza M, Penn S, Pitkin M, Plissi M, Prix R, Quetschke V, Raab F, Radkins H, Rahkola R, Rakhmanov M, Rao SR, Rawlins K, Ray-Majumder S, Re V, Redding D, Regehr MW, Regimbau T, Reid S, Reilly KT, Reithmaier K, Reitze DH, Richman S, Riesen R, Riles K, Rivera B, Rizzi A, Robertson DI, Robertson NA, Robison L, Roddy S, Rollins J, Romano JD, Romie J, Rong H, Rose D, Rotthoff E, Rowan S, Rüdiger A, Russell P, Ryan K, Salzman I, Sandberg V, Sanders GH, Sannibale V, Sathyaprakash B, Saulson PR, Savage R, Sazonov A, Schilling R, Schlaufman K, Schmidt V, Schnabel R, Schofield R, Schutz BF, Schwinberg P, Scott SM, Seader SE, Searle AC, Sears B, Seel S, Seifert F, Sengupta AS, Shapiro CA, Shawhan P, Shoemaker DH, Shu QZ, Sibley A, Siemens X, Sievers L, Sigg D, Sintes AM, Smith JR, Smith M, Smith MR, Sneddon PH, Spero R, Stapfer G, Steussy D, Strain KA, Strom D, Stuver A, Summerscales T, Sumner MC, Sutton PJ, Sylvestre J, Takamori A, Tanner DB, Tariq H, Taylor I, Taylor R, Taylor R, Thorne KA, Thorne KS, Tibbits M, Tilav S, Tinto M, Tokmakov KV, Torres C, Torrie C, Traylor G, Tyler W, Ugolini D, Ungarelli C, Vallisneri M, van Putten M, Vass S, Vecchio A, Veitch J, Vorvick C, Vyachanin SP, Wallace L, Walther H, Ward H, Ware B, Watts K, Webber D, Weidner A, Weiland U, Weinstein A, Weiss R, Welling H, Wen L, Wen S, Whelan JT, Whitcomb SE, Whiting BF, Wiley S, Wilkinson C, Willems PA, Williams PR, Williams R, Willke B, Wilson A, Winjum BJ, Winkler W, Wise S, Wiseman AG, Woan G, Wooley R, Worden J, Wu W, Yakushin I, Yamamoto H, Yoshida S, Zaleski KD, Zanolin M, Zawischa I, Zhang L, Zhu R, Zotov N, Zucker M, Zweizig J, Kramer M, Lyne AG. Limits on gravitational-wave emission from selected pulsars using LIGO data. Phys Rev Lett 2005; 94:181103. [PMID: 15904354 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.94.181103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
We place direct upper limits on the amplitude of gravitational waves from 28 isolated radio pulsars by a coherent multidetector analysis of the data collected during the second science run of the LIGO interferometric detectors. These are the first direct upper limits for 26 of the 28 pulsars. We use coordinated radio observations for the first time to build radio-guided phase templates for the expected gravitational-wave signals. The unprecedented sensitivity of the detectors allows us to set strain upper limits as low as a few times 10(-24). These strain limits translate into limits on the equatorial ellipticities of the pulsars, which are smaller than 10(-5) for the four closest pulsars.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Abbott
- LIGO-California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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Elisabeth D, Emmanuel T, Emmanuel T, Alain S, Denis G, Sidney H, Rolland P, Rong H, Françoise P, Michel S. Results of definitive irradiation in a series of 305 epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Milligan S, Kalita J, Pocock V, Heyerick A, De Cooman L, Rong H, De Keukeleire D. Oestrogenic activity of the hop phyto-oestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin. Reproduction 2002; 123:235-42. [PMID: 11866690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
The female flowers of the hop plant (hop cones) are used as a preservative and as a flavouring agent in beer. A novel phyto-oestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin, was recently identified in hops and this study was undertaken to characterize the oestrogenic activity of this compound using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays. Natural and semi-synthetic 8-prenylnaringenin showed similar bioactivities both in a yeast screen transfected with the human oestrogen receptor and in oestrogen-responsive human Ishikawa Var-I cells. 8-Prenylnaringenin showed comparable binding activity to both oestrogen receptor isoforms (ER alpha and ER beta). 8-Prenylnaringenin extracted from hops contains similar amounts of both (R)- and (S)- enantiomers, indicating that the compound is normally formed non-enzymatically. Both enantiomers showed similar bioactivity in vitro and similar binding characteristics to ER alpha and ER beta. The oestrogenic activity of 8-prenyl-naringenin in vitro was greater than that of established phyto-oestrogens such as coumestrol, genistein and daidzein. The high oestrogenic activity was confirmed in an acute in vivo test using uterine vascular permeability as an end point. When the compound was given to ovariectomized mice in their drinking water, oestrogenic stimulation of the vaginal epithelium required concentrations of 100 mug ml(-1) (about 500-fold greater than can be found in any beer).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Milligan
- Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College, Guy's Campus, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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Milligan S, Kalita J, Pocock V, Heyerick A, De Cooman L, Rong H, De Keukeleire D. Oestrogenic activity of the hop phyto-oestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin. Reproduction 2002. [DOI: 10.1530/rep.0.1230235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The female flowers of the hop plant (hop cones) are used as a preservative and as a flavouring agent in beer. A novel phyto-oestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin, was recently identified in hops and this study was undertaken to characterize the oestrogenic activity of this compound using a combination of in vitro and in vivo assays. Natural and semi-synthetic 8-prenylnaringenin showed similar bioactivities both in a yeast screen transfected with the human oestrogen receptor and in oestrogen-responsive human Ishikawa Var-I cells. 8-Prenylnaringenin showed comparable binding activity to both oestrogen receptor isoforms (ER alpha and ER beta). 8-Prenylnaringenin extracted from hops contains similar amounts of both (R)- and (S)- enantiomers, indicating that the compound is normally formed non-enzymatically. Both enantiomers showed similar bioactivity in vitro and similar binding characteristics to ER alpha and ER beta. The oestrogenic activity of 8-prenyl-naringenin in vitro was greater than that of established phyto-oestrogens such as coumestrol, genistein and daidzein. The high oestrogenic activity was confirmed in an acute in vivo test using uterine vascular permeability as an end point. When the compound was given to ovariectomized mice in their drinking water, oestrogenic stimulation of the vaginal epithelium required concentrations of 100 mug ml(-1) (about 500-fold greater than can be found in any beer).
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Fritschel P, Bork R, González G, Mavalvala N, Ouimette D, Rong H, Sigg D, Zucker M. Readout and control of a power-recycled interferometric gravitational-wave antenna. Appl Opt 2001; 40:4988-4998. [PMID: 18364777 DOI: 10.1364/ao.40.004988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Interferometric gravitational-wave antennas are based on Michelson interferometers whose sensitivity to small differential length changes has been enhanced by the addition of multiple coupled optical resonators. The use of optical cavities is essential for reaching the required sensitivity but sets challenges for the control system, which must maintain the cavities near resonance. The goal for the strain sensitivity of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) is 10(-21) rms, integrated over a 100-Hz bandwidth centered at 150 Hz. We present the major design features of the LIGO length and frequency sensing and control system, which will hold the differential length to within 5 x 10(-14) m of the operating point. We also highlight the restrictions imposed by couplings of noise into the gravitational-wave readout signal and the required immunity against them.
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Rong H, Boterberg T, Maubach J, Stove C, Depypere H, Van Slambrouck S, Serreyn R, De Keukeleire D, Mareel M, Bracke M. 8-Prenylnaringenin, the phytoestrogen in hops and beer, upregulates the function of the E-cadherin/catenin complex in human mammary carcinoma cells. Eur J Cell Biol 2001; 80:580-5. [PMID: 11675933 DOI: 10.1078/0171-9335-00190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The E-cadherin/catenin complex is a powerful invasion suppressor in epithelial cells. It is expressed in the human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line family, but functionally defective in the invasive MCF-7/6 variant. Previous experiments have shown that IGF-I, tamoxifen, retinoic acid and tangeretin are able to upregulate the function of this complex in MCF-7/6 cells. We investigated the effect of 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN), the phytoestrogen present in hops and beer, on aggregation, growth and invasion in MCF-7/6 cells. 8-PN was found to stimulate E-cadherin-dependent aggregation and growth of MCF-7/6 cells in suspension. These effects could be inhibited by the pure anti-estrogen ICI 182,780. 8-PN did not affect invasion of MCF-7/6 cells in the chick heart assay in vitro. In all these aspects 8-PN mimics the effects of 17beta-estradiol on MCF-7/6 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Gent, Belgium
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Milligan SR, Kalita JC, Pocock V, Van De Kauter V, Stevens JF, Deinzer ML, Rong H, De Keukeleire D. The endocrine activities of 8-prenylnaringenin and related hop (Humulus lupulus L.) flavonoids. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:4912-5. [PMID: 11134162 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.85.12.7168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The female flowers of the hop plant have long been used as a preservative and a flavoring agent in beer, but they are now being included in some herbal preparations for women for "breast enhancement." This study investigated the relative estrogenic, androgenic and progestogenic activities of the known phytoestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin, and structurally related hop flavonoids. 6-Prenylnaringenin, 6,8-diprenylnaringenin and 8-geranylnaringenin exhibited some estrogenicity, but their potency was less than 1% of that of 8-prenylnaringenin. 8-Prenylnaringenin alone competed strongly with 17ss-estradiol for binding to both the alpha- and ss-estrogen receptors. None of the compounds (xanthohumol, isoxanthohumol, 8-prenyl-naringenin, 6-prenylnaringenin, 3'-geranylchalconaringenin, 6-geranylnaringenin, 8-geranylnaringenin, 4'-O:-methyl-3'-prenylchalconaringenin and 6,8-diprenylnaringenin) nor polyphenolic hop extracts showed progestogenic or androgenic bioactivity. These results indicate that the endocrine properties of hops and hop products are due to the very high estrogenic activity of 8-prenylnaringenin and concern must be expressed about the unrestricted use of hops in herbal preparations for women.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Milligan
- Endocrinology and Reproduction Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom
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Pauletti G, Dandekar S, Rong H, Ramos L, Peng H, Seshadri R, Slamon DJ. Assessment of methods for tissue-based detection of the HER-2/neu alteration in human breast cancer: a direct comparison of fluorescence in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18:3651-64. [PMID: 11054438 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2000.18.21.3651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the efficacy of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) in detecting the HER-2/neu alteration in human breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Unselected stage I, II, and III breast cancer patients (N = 900) were tested for HER-2/neu gene amplification by FISH in paraffin-embedded, formalin-fixed archival material. Of these samples, 856 were tested for HER-2/neu overexpression by non-antigen-retrieval IHC with the polyclonal antibody R60, the sensitivity and specificity of which was preliminarily compared with the United States Food and Drug Administration-approved HercepTest (Dako Corp, Carpinteria, CA). Patient survival was analyzed in relation to the presence of the HER-2/neu alteration as determined by these two methodologies. RESULTS A total of 189 (21%) of 900 patients were positive by FISH and 147 (17.2%) of 856 were positive by IHC. This discrepancy is consistent with expected loss of IHC sensitivity associated with tissue fixation/embedding. The HercepTest did not improve sensitivity and introduced false positives. Comparison of R60-based IHC with FISH demonstrates that patient survival is associated progressively to gene amplification level as determined by FISH, whereas for IHC an association is found only in the highest (3+) immunostaining group. Among FISH-negative tumors, 45 (6.6%) of 678 were IHC-positive, with a survival probability similar to that of FISH-negative/IHC-negative cases; FISH-positive/IHC-negative patients have a survival probability similar to that of FISH-positive/IHC-positive cases. CONCLUSION IHC does not consistently discriminate patients likely to have a poor prognosis, whereas FISH provides superior prognostic information in segregating high-risk from lower-risk beast cancers. HER-2/neu protein overexpression in the absence of gene amplification occurs infrequently in breast cancer, in which case, patient outcome is similar to that of patients without the alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Pauletti
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California at Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- D De Keukeleire
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Gent, Belgium
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Tsai JA, Rong H, Torring O, Matsushita H, Bucht E. Interleukin-1beta upregulates PTHrP-mRNA expression and protein production and decreases TGF-beta in normal human osteoblast-like cells. Calcif Tissue Int 2000; 66:363-9. [PMID: 10773106 DOI: 10.1007/s002230010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are regulated by complex interactions among systemic hormones, cytokines, and local growth factors. Bone resorption, at the level of the basic multicellular unit, is initiated by stimulation of osteoblast activity. The stimulatory effect of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) on bone resorption has not been fully clarified. We have therefore studied the influence of IL-1beta on the local production and secretion of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) from normal human osteoblast-like cells (hOB cells). Using a quantitative PCR-assay following reverse transcription of RNA, in situ hybridization, and a two-site immunofluorometric assay for PTHrP, we demonstrate that IL-1beta in a dose- and time-dependent manner increases PTHrP-mRNA expression and PTHrP-protein secretion. In addition, IL-1beta decreased the TGF-beta protein concentration in conditioned medium. Our results suggest that the actions of IL-1beta on bone may be mediated by novel mechanisms involving both local increase of PTHrP, a potent stimulator of bone resorption, and a decrease of TGF-beta, an important anabolic and coupling factor for bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Tsai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Hospital L1:02, Karolinska Institutet, S-171-76, Stockholm, Sweden
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Rong H, Zhao Y, Lazou K, De Keukeleire D, Milligan SR, Sandra P. Quantitation of 8-prenylnaringenin, a novel phytoestrogen in hops (Humulus lupulus L.), hop products, and beers, by benchtop HPLC-MS using electrospray ionization. Chromatographia 2000. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02490811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Vanhoenacker G, Rong H, De Keukeleire D, Baeyens W, Van Der Weken G, Sandra P. Simultaneous analysis of hop acids and prenylated flavanones by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography with diode array detection. Biomed Chromatogr 2000; 14:34-6. [PMID: 10664559 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-0801(200002)14:1<34::aid-bmc961>3.0.co;2-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G Vanhoenacker
- University of Gent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Gent, Belgium
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Zharnikov M, Frey S, Rong H, Yang YJ, Heister K, Buck M, Grunze M. The effect of sulfur–metal bonding on the structure of self-assembled monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1039/b004232n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Tekel' J, De Keukeleire D, Rong H, Daeseleire E, Van Peteghem C. Determination of the hop-derived phytoestrogen, 8-prenylnaringenin, in beer by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Agric Food Chem 1999; 47:5059-5063. [PMID: 10606572 DOI: 10.1021/jf990645m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A method was developed to determine 8-prenylnaringenin, a novel hop-derived phytoestrogen, in beer. Matrix purification involved solid-phase extraction on octadecyl silica followed by liquid/liquid extraction on a ChemElut 1010 column connected to a Florisil adsorption/desorption cartridge. 8-Prenylnaringenin was eluted from the tandem columns using a 1:1 mixture of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate and subsequently determined as tris(trimethylsilyl) ether by GC/MS-SIM. The recovery of 8-prenylnaringenin in beer samples was between 61.1 +/- 6.6 and 82.2 +/- 8.8% for levels of 37 and 92.5 microg L(-1), respectively, and the detection limit was approximately 5 microg L(-1). Although most beers do not contain 8-prenylnaringenin in detectable quantities, the highest concentration found was 19.8 microg L(-1). The concentration of 8-prenylnaringenin in beers and, possibly, its absence depend on the selection of particular hop varieties, the hopping rate, or the type of hop product used in brewing. The efficiency of transfer of 8-prenylnaringenin from hops to beer is between 10 and 20%.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Tekel'
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Nuclear Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov 10, SK-832 32 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Rong H, Ji H, Tsai JA, Pernow Y, Bucht E. Calcitonin-suppressed expression of parathyroid hormone-related protein in breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 265:260-4. [PMID: 10548524 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a key factor behind humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). It is produced in most breast tumors and may be an important local mediator of skeletal metastases due to breast cancer. PTHrP may mediate local bone destruction in the absence of increased circulating PTHrP. Calcitonin (CT) is used for treatment of HHM, but there are data showing that CT can increase PTHrP expression and secretion in vitro. We have therefore studied the effect of CT on PTHrP gene expression and secretion in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. PTHrP mRNA decreased significantly after 4, 8, and 16 h incubation with 10 nM salmon calcitonin (sCT) when compared with the respective controls. PTHrP mRNA also decreased significantly and dose-dependently after incubation with sCT at 0.1 to 10 nM for 16 h. The PTHrP levels in the conditioned medium also decreased in a similar dose-dependent manner. The adenylate cyclase agonist forskolin lowered the PTHrP mRNA dose-dependently. In cells exposed to varying concentrations of sCT for 15 min, the cAMP levels increased dose-dependently. In conclusion, sCT can suppress PTHrP gene expression in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The suppressive effect is probably exerted mainly via the cAMP-protein kinase A pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Endocrine & Diabetes Unit, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chegini N, Rong H. Postoperative exposure to glove powders modulates production of peritoneal eicosanoids during peritoneal wound healing. Eur J Surg 1999; 165:698-704. [PMID: 10452266 DOI: 10.1080/11024159950189771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of postsurgical exposure of peritoneal cavity to glove powders, Hydrocote, latex proteins, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on eicosanoid production in peritoneal fluid and cellular distribution of eicosanoid enzymes in peritoneal wound during healing. DESIGN Randomised experimental study. SETTING Institute for Wound Research, USA. ANIMALS 360 mice randomised into six groups of 60 each. INTERVENTION Abrasion of peritoneal cavity followed by instillation of 500 microl of sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) alone (Control) or containing 100 microg/ml of Biosorb, Keoflo, Hydrocote, 1 mg/ml of latex proteins, or 12.5 microg/ml of LPS. Mice were killed at 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days, and the peritoneal washing obtained from each animal and concentration of eicosanoids measured. Tissue were immunostained for cyclooxygenases and 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A2 (TXA2) synthetase. RESULTS Peritoneal fluid from uninjured controls contained 3.9 (0.8), 5.2 (0.3) and 0.2 (0.02) ng/ml of thromboxane B2 (TXB2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), respectively. These increased significantly during the first week to 6.3 (0.3), 11.7 (0.8) and 2.6 (0.1) ng/ml, p<0.05, before returning to baseline by day 14. In all the treated groups the values were significantly higher than in controls (p<0.05). Immunoreactive cyclo-oxygenases, 5-lipoxygenase and TXA2 synthetase proteins were present in various cell types in uninjured skin and peritoneum, incisional and peritoneal wounds and adhesion tissues. Staining was more intense at the site of wounds and paralleled eicosanoid concentrations during healing. There was no difference between exposed and unexposed groups. CONCLUSION The presence of glove powders, latex proteins and LPS in peritoneal cavity cause increased eicosanoid production and aggravate the normal inflammatory reaction to tissue injury. This may contribute to the inflammatory or immune reactions and development of adhesions caused by glove powders.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chegini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for Wound Research, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610, USA
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Milligan SR, Kalita JC, Heyerick A, Rong H, De Cooman L, De Keukeleire D. Identification of a potent phytoestrogen in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and beer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999; 84:2249-52. [PMID: 10372741 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.84.6.5887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The female flowers of the hop plant are used as a preservative and as a flavoring agent in beer. However, a recurring suggestion has been that hops have a powerful estrogenic activity and that beer may also be estrogenic. In this study, sensitive and specific in vitro bioassays for estrogens were used for an activity-guided fractionation of hops via selective solvent extraction and appropriate HPLC separation. We have identified a potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8-prenylnaringenin, which has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. The estrogenic activity of this compound was reflected in its relative binding affinity to estrogen receptors from rat uteri. The presence of 8-prenylnaringenin in hops may provide an explanation for the accounts of menstrual disturbances in female hop workers. This phytoestrogen can also be detected in beer, but the levels are low and should not pose any cause for concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Milligan
- Physiology Division, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College, Strand, London, UK
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Milligan SR, Kalita JC, Heyerick A, Rong H, De Cooman L, De Keukeleire D. Identification of a potent phytoestrogen in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and beer. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1999. [PMID: 10372741 DOI: 10.1210/jc.84.6.2249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The female flowers of the hop plant are used as a preservative and as a flavoring agent in beer. However, a recurring suggestion has been that hops have a powerful estrogenic activity and that beer may also be estrogenic. In this study, sensitive and specific in vitro bioassays for estrogens were used for an activity-guided fractionation of hops via selective solvent extraction and appropriate HPLC separation. We have identified a potent phytoestrogen in hops, 8-prenylnaringenin, which has an activity greater than other established plant estrogens. The estrogenic activity of this compound was reflected in its relative binding affinity to estrogen receptors from rat uteri. The presence of 8-prenylnaringenin in hops may provide an explanation for the accounts of menstrual disturbances in female hop workers. This phytoestrogen can also be detected in beer, but the levels are low and should not pose any cause for concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Milligan
- Physiology Division, School of Biomedical Sciences, King's College, Strand, London, UK
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36
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Chegini N, Rong H, Bennett B, Stone IK. Peritoneal fluid cytokine and eicosanoid levels and their relation to the incidence of peritoneal adhesion. J Soc Gynecol Investig 1999; 6:153-7. [PMID: 10376272 DOI: 10.1016/s1071-5576(99)00007-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the peritoneal fluid content of several cytokines and eicosanoids with inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and fibrotic activities, and to assess the relationship of these levels with the incidence of peritoneal adhesions. METHODS Peritoneal fluids were collected from 30 subjects with adhesions (n = 22) or with normal pelvic anatomy (n = 8), and the level of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-beta 1), granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and radioreceptor assay. RESULTS The peritoneal fluid content of these factors varied considerably, with low levels of IL-1 beta, TNF-alpha, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF. Only IFN-gamma levels were significantly lower in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The levels of total (latent + active) and active TGF-beta 1 were higher than those of other cytokines assayed and were significantly higher in subjects with adhesions compared with the normal group (P < .05). The peritoneal fluid content of PGE2, TXB2, and LTB4 was significantly higher than that of the cytokines and was higher, but not significantly so, in subjects with adhesions compared with normal subjects (P = .06). CONCLUSION Although the effect of length of time since the adhesions were formed is not known, the results indicate that peritoneal fluid content of these cytokines and eicosanoids, with the exception of IFN-gamma and TGF-beta 1, does not correlate with the presence of peritoneal adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chegini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610-0294, USA.
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37
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Abstract
The isoflavones of the roots of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi (Puerariae Radix) were investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled to photodiode array (PDA) and to mass spectroscopy (MS) using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) in combination with collision-activated decomposition (CAD) (HPLC-APCI-CAD-MS or ESI-CAD-MS) for identification of glycosides and HPLC-APCI-CAD-MS for identification of aglycones. The major glycosides are derived from daidzein ( 9) and most are 8- C-glycosides. 3'-Hydroxypuerarin-4'- O-deoxyhexoside ( 2B) and 3'-methoxy-6''- O- D-xylosylpuerarin ( 6) were identified as new constituents. MS data were obtained for puerarin-4'- O- D-glucoside ( 1), 3'-hydroxypuerarin ( 2A), puerarin ( 3), 3'-methoxypuerarin ( 4), 6''- O- D-xylosylpuerarin ( 5), daidzin ( 7) and 3'-methoxydaidzin ( 8), which were previously characterized by NMR analysis. Isoflavones identified in Puerariae Radix comprise 3'-methoxydaidzein ( 10), genistein ( 12), daidzein-7- O-methyl ether ( 13A), 3'-methoxydaidzein-7- O-methyl ether or 3'-methoxyformononetin ( 13B) and biochanin A ( 15), while previous characterization of daidzein ( 9) and formononetin ( 14) was substantiated by MS data. The structure of compound 11 could not be established by MS techniques. The estrogenic activity was mainly located in the aglycone fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- University of Gent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gent, Belgium
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Bucht E, Rong H, Pernow Y, Nordqvist AC, Eriksson E, Rankin W, von Schoultz E, Burtis WJ, Granberg B, Falkmer UG, Burton DW, Deftos LJ. Parathyroid hormone-related protein in patients with primary breast cancer and eucalcemia. Cancer Res 1998; 58:4113-6. [PMID: 9751621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a causative factor of humoral hypercalcemia in breast cancer and other malignancies. We studied circulating PTHrP levels with three different immunoassays directed against different parts of the PTHrP molecule in 48 patients with breast cancer and eucalcemia. The methods used were: (a) a RIA with antibodies directed toward the midregion (63-78); (b) an immunofluorometric assay with two antibodies against 1-34 and 38-67; and (c) an immunoradiometric assay with antibodies against 1-40 and 1-72. Although most patients had PTHrP levels indistinguishable from normal when measured by all three methods, four patients had increased serum levels in the IFMA. PTHrP was detected by immunohistochemistry in tumors from nearly all patients. One patient with elevated PTHrP in plasma measured by IFMA showed intense staining of tumor by immunohistochemistry; the tumor was histologically graded as III (severe) and was the largest of all tumors in this patient group. The IFMA can identify increased serum PTHrP in some patients with breast cancer who are not hypercalcemic. This assay may be especially useful in screening patients for this tumor during a relative early phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Bucht
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, University of Gent, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Belgium
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Rong H, Ji H, Pernow Y, Sjöstedt U, Bucht E. Quantification of parathyroid hormone-related protein mRNA by competitive PCR and time-resolved lanthanide fluorometry. Clin Chem 1997; 43:2268-73. [PMID: 9439443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Using dissociation and enhancement time-resolved lanthanide fluorometry, we have developed a quantitative competitive (QC)-PCR for measuring parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) mRNA after reverse transcription. A cloned PTHrP cDNA target was also modified by deletion of 10 bp and insertion of 21 bp in the midregion of the fragment and cloned for use as a competitor (i.e., internal standard). Two primers spanning 362 bp of target and 373 bp of competitor were designed and one of the primers was biotinylated. Two oligonucleotide probes, one recognizing the target and the other hybridizing to the competitor, were labeled with Eu chelate. Two equal aliquots of PCR products were assayed with each probe separately in streptavidin-coated wells. After 35 PCR cycles, the competitor signal decreased exponentially (y = e(3.74 - 0.624x); r2 = 0.965) and the target signal increased exponentially (y = e(1.14 + 0.497x); r2 = 0.984) when 1000 copies/tube of the competitor and 0-100,000 copies/tube of the target DNA were added. Log-transformed data for the ratio of target to competitor signals (y) and the copies of the target DNA added (x) were used for plotting the linear calibration curve (y = 2.79 + 2.76x; r2 = 0.976). This QC-PCR enables analysis of multiple samples simultaneously and can be used to study PTHrP gene expression in malignancy and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Abstract
Phototransduction in the vertebrate rod and cone photoreceptors is regulated by structurally homologous and yet distinct groups of signaling proteins. We have previously identified in bovine retinas a cone-specific G-protein gamma subunit (G gamma c, previously named G gamma b), which may play a key role in coupling the cone visual pigment to phosphodiesterase (O. C. Ong et al., 1995, J. Biol. Chem. 270:8495-8500). We report here the characterization of human G gamma c and its gene structure. Human G gamma c subunit shares a high degree of sequence identity with the corresponding bovine G gamma c isoform (85%) and human rod G gamma 1 (63%). The protein is specifically localized in cones, as indicated by immunohistochemical staining using anti-G gamma c antibodies. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the G gamma c gene (GNGT2) reveals a structure consisting of three exons and two introns, with the intron splice sites similar to that of the rod G gamma 1 gene (GNGT1). By using fluorescence in situ hybridization, we have further localized the human GNGT2 gene to chromosome 17q21. The elucidation of the G gamma c gene structure would facilitate the identification of genetic defects associated with cone degeneration.
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MESH Headings
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Blotting, Northern
- Blotting, Western
- Cattle
- Chromosome Mapping
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17/genetics
- Cloning, Molecular
- GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry
- GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Molecular Sequence Data
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Restriction Mapping
- Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells/chemistry
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Affiliation(s)
- O C Ong
- Jules Stein Eye Institute, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine 90095, USA
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Rong H, Berg U, Tørring O, Sundberg CJ, Granberg B, Bucht E. Effect of acute endurance and strength exercise on circulating calcium-regulating hormones and bone markers in young healthy males. Scand J Med Sci Sports 1997; 7:152-9. [PMID: 9200319 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1997.tb00132.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity plays a role in the maintenance of the skeleton but the mechanical, metabolic and hormonal mechanisms involved are largely unknown. The influence of acute endurance and strength exercise on circulating levels of calcitonin, parathyroid hormone (PTH), PTH-related peptide (PTHrP), osteocalcin, carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) and ionized calcium (Ca2+) was therefore evaluated. Eight healthy young males performed three exercise bouts on separate occasions: endurance exercise, i.e. cycling on a cycle ergometer for 45 min at 55% of Vo2max (E55%) and 15 min at 85% of Vo2max (E85%) and strength exercise at 85% of three repetitions maximum using a leg-press device (STR). Control experiments included the same subjects with the same time schedule but without exercise. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after exercise and during the recovery period. Hormones and bone markers were measured by use of various immunoassays. There was no obvious influence on calcitonin and PTHrP levels, whereas PTH was increased after strength exercise. ICTP and osteocalcin levels correlated positively at all times and showed regular variations. In comparison with the controls, ICTP levels showed a more pronounced decrease following physical activity whereas osteocalcin followed the same pattern as the controls except for after prolonged endurance exercise when a decrease was abolished. In conclusion, an increase in PTH after strength exercise and a pronounced decrease in ICTP after all exercise together with a relative increase in osteocalcin after prolonged endurance exercise might reflect some mechanisms involved in the positive effect of physical activity on bone mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Rong H, Hydbring E, Olsson K, Burtis WJ, Rankin W, Grill V, Bucht E. Parathyroid hormone-related protein in neonatal and reproductive goats determined by a sensitive time-resolved immunofluorometric assay. Eur J Endocrinol 1997; 136:546-51. [PMID: 9186276 DOI: 10.1530/eje.0.1360546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High concentrations of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) have been found in goat milk but it is not known whether it can enter the circulation of the neonate. In this study we have developed a sensitive two-site lanthanide immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) using dissociation and enhancement time-resolved fluorometry to address this question. METHOD Affinity-purified anti-PTHrP 38-67 raised in rabbit was biotinylated and immobilized in streptavidin-coated microtitration wells as a 'capture' antibody. As a signal, affinity-purified anti-PTHrP 1-34, raised in sheep, was labeled with an europium chelate. A sensitivity of 0.3 pmol/l was achieved. PTHrP levels were determined in the plasma of eleven neonatal, seven parturient and six non-pregnant, non-lactating goats as well as in goat milk. RESULTS The circulating PTHrP levels (mean +/- S.D.) were significantly increased at day 1 (6.1 +/- 1.7 pmol/l: P < 0.01) and day 3 (3.5 +/- 0.6 pmol/l: P < 0.05) after birth in the male kids (n = 8) bottle-fed with milk from the dams, compared with before (2.2 +/- 0.7 pmol/l) and 30 min after (2.0 +/- 0.6 pmol/l) the first feeding and 14 days (2.4 +/- 0.8 pmol/l) later. In the female kids (n = 3) fed with formula there was no such increase and the concentrations remained between 1.6-1.9 pmol/l. In the parturient goats the mean +/- S.D. PTHrP levels before, during and after parturition were 2.9 +/- 1.7, 4.2 +/- 2.4 and 3.7 +/- 2.2 pmol/l respectively (n = 7) which demonstrated that plasma PTHrP was higher during and after parturition in comparison with before (P < 0.05). The levels in non-pregnant, non-lactating goats were 3.3 +/- 1.5 pmol/l (n = 6). PTHrP levels in goat milk were in the nanomolar range and were highest in the colostrum. CONCLUSIONS A significant increase of plasma PTHrP was observed in goat kids fed with milk from their dams and this increase was not found in kids fed with formula. Plasma PTHrP was also increased during parturition.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholn, Sweden
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Rong H, Tang XM, Zhao Y, Juneja SC, Fay MF, Williams RS. Postsurgical intraperitoneal exposure to glove powders modulates inflammatory and immune-related cytokine production. Wound Repair Regen 1997; 5:89-96. [PMID: 16984462 DOI: 10.1046/j.1524-475x.1997.50116.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine whether intraperitoneal exposure to glove powders modulates the inflammatory and immune responses by altering the influx of inflammatory and immune cells and peritoneal fluid cytokines and thus the outcome of surgically induced peritoneal wound healing. Peritoneal wall injuries were made by scraping the tissue until bleeding occurred in 360 mice. One of the following fluids was then introduced into the peritoneal cavity: phosphate-buffered saline solution, phosphate-buffered saline solution containing glove powders (Biosorb and Keoflo, 100 microg/ml), Hydrocote (Hydrogel film, Biogel 100 microg/ml), latex proteins (1 mg/ml), or lipopolysaccharides (12.5 microg/ml). At intervals of 1 to 28 days after injury, 10 mice per treatment per day and 10 uninjured mice were killed, peritoneal fluids were collected to determine the cytokine levels, the rate of fibrous adhesions formed at the site of injuries was graded, and peritoneal walls with attached fibrous adhesions were removed to determine the degree of inflammatory and immune cell infiltration into the wound. The results indicated that, with the exception of interferon-gamma, the peritoneal fluid levels of transforming growth factor-beta1, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and granulocyte-macrophage-colony stimulating factor in the phosphate-buffered saline solution-treated injured group significantly increased, reaching maximum between days 4 and 7 (p < 0.05) compared with the uninjured group and returned to uninjured values by day 14 after injury. The level of transforming growth factor-beta1 was higher in glove powders and Hydrocote-treated groups than in latex, lipo-saccharides, or phosphate-buffered saline solution-treated groups until day 14 after surgery (p < 0.05). The levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta increased in all treatment groups during the first week after injury compared with uninjured controls, with the exception of Hydrocote. The number of T helper/inducers (CD4), total leukocytes (CD11a), B lymphocytes (CD45R), granulocytes (Gr-1), and mononuclear phagocytes (Mac-3) in the wound increased during the first week after peritoneal wounding with no significant difference between treated and untreated groups. The rate of adhesion formation was not significantly altered in treated compared with untreated groups. These data suggest that a mechanism which mediates glove powder-induced peritoneal inflammatory and immune reactions in the postsurgical setting involves augmentation of cytokine production without influencing the influx of inflammatory and immune cells or adhesion formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Institute for Wound Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
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Rong H, Deftos LJ, Ji H, Bucht E. Two-site immunofluorometric assay of intact salmon calcitonin with improved sensitivity. Clin Chem 1997; 43:71-5. [PMID: 8990225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We recently developed a two-site immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) of salmon calcitonin (SCT) by DELFIA (dissociation enhancement lanthanide fluoroimmunoassay) technique using the same polyclonal antibodies both for "catching" the antigen and for signaling. In the present study we used a monoclonal antibody to SCT 1-11 as the capture antibody. This antibody was biotinylated before use in streptavidin-coated microtitration plates. The polyclonal antibody labeled with Eu chelate was used as a signaling marker. This combination of antibodies resulted in an assay that was three to four times more sensitive than the previous IFMA, with a detection limit of 0.3 pmol/L serum. Intact SCT 1-32 was detected by the assay (recoveries 94-96%), but not the fragments SCT 1-11 and SCT 10-32 or human calcitonin. Dilutions of plasma samples containing SCT were parallel to the calibration curve of SCT 1-32. Pharmacokinetic studies of SCT, 100 IU administered intramuscularly to 10 men, indicated peak serum concentrations of 32-128 pmol/L within 10-20 min with apparent half-life of 56+/-18 min (mean+/-SD). This new assay will allow study of the pharmacokinetics of new calcitonin preparations that do not require injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Endocrine and Diabetes Unit, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Chegini N, Rong H, Dou Q, Kipersztok S, Williams RS. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and GnRH receptor gene expression in human myometrium and leiomyomata and the direct action of GnRH analogs on myometrial smooth muscle cells and interaction with ovarian steroids in vitro. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:3215-21. [PMID: 8784072 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.81.9.8784072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine whether GnRH and GnRH receptor are expressed in myometrium and leiomyomata, and if GnRH analogs alone or in the presence of ovarian steroids can modulate the rate of DNA synthesis, proliferation, and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1) production in myometrial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Reverse transcription-PCR revealed that leiomyomata, unaffected myometrium, and isolated myometrial smooth muscle cells express GnRH and GnRH receptor messenger ribonucleic acid. Furthermore, in a dose-dependent manner, GnRH agonist (leuprolide acetate) inhibited, but GnRH antagonist [D-pGlu1,D-Phe2,D-Trp3.6] (GnRH-Ant1) stimulated, the rate of [3H]thymidine incorporation into myometrial smooth muscle cells (P < 0.05), whereas GnRH-Ant2 (Ac-D-P-Cl-Phe1.2,D-Trp3,D-Arg6,D-Ala10) had no effect. 17 beta-Estradiol (E2) medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and E2 plus MPA (1 micromol/L) stimulated the rate of DNA synthesis by smooth muscle cells (P < 0.05), which was inhibited by GnRH analogs used at 5 micromol/L (P < 0.05). GnRH analogs had no significant effect on myometrial smooth muscle cell proliferation, with the exception of GnRH-Ant1; however, they inhibited the stimulatory action of E2, MPA, and E2 plus MPA in a time-dependent manner (P < 0.05). These cells also synthesized and released approximately 1.32 +/- 0.02 ng/mL total (active plus latent) TGF beta 1, of which 0.73 +/- 0.02 ng/mL was in an active form. E2, MPA, E2 plus MPA, and GnRH analog treatments resulted in an increase in total TGF beta 1 production, whereas GnRH agonist and GnRH-Ant2, but not GnRH-An1, inhibited active TGF beta 1 (P < 0.05). GnRH analogs also inhibited the action of E2 plus MPA on total and active TGF beta 1 production, whereas GnRH-Ant1 further stimulated E2, MPA, or E2 plus MPA action on active TGF beta 1 production (P < 0.05). The data demonstrate for the first time that GnRH and GnRH receptor messenger ribonucleic acid are expressed in myometrium, leiomyomata, and myometrial smooth muscle cells. The local expression of GnRH and receptor along with the direct action of GnRH analogs on the smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis and TGF beta 1 production suggest an autocrine/paracrine role for GnRH in these tissues, a mechanism that may be involved in leiomyomata regression in women receiving GnRH agonist therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Chegini
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610, USA.
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Dou Q, Zhao Y, Tarnuzzer RW, Rong H, Williams RS, Schultz GS, Chegini N. Suppression of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) and TGF beta receptor messenger ribonucleic acid and protein expression in leiomyomata in women receiving gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist therapy. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1996; 81:3222-30. [PMID: 8784073 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.81.9.8784073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The expression and cellular distribution of transforming growth factor-1 (TGF beta 1) through TGF beta 3 and TGF beta type I-III receptor messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein were analyzed in leiomyomata from patients receiving GnRH agonist (GnRHa; leuprolide acetate) compared to those in untreated controls. Standard reverse transcription-PCR revealed that the unaffected myometrium and leiomyomata from leuprolide-treated and untreated patients express TGF beta 1-3 and TGF beta type I-III receptor mRNA. The myometrial and leiomyomata smooth muscle cells were the primary site of TGF beta 1-3 and TGF beta type I and II receptor mRNA and protein expression, as determined by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical localization. These observations indicate that leiomyomata express a higher of level of TGF beta and TGF beta receptor mRNA and protein than unaffected myometrium during the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, and women who received leuprolide acetate therapy had a substantially lower level of expression than untreated controls. Furthermore, competition-based quantitative reverse transcription-PCR using synthetic internal standards revealed that leiomyomata express a significantly higher number (copies per cell) of TGF beta type II receptor mRNA, followed by TGF beta 1, TGF beta type I receptor, TGF beta 2, and TGF beta 3 (P < 0.05). However, there was a significant decrease in the levels (copies per cell) of TGF beta 1, TGF beta 3, and TGF beta type I and type II receptor mRNA expression in leiomyomata from leuprolide-treated compared to untreated patients (P < 0.05). The data provide further evidence that leiomyomata express mRNA and protein for all components of the TGF beta system, and GnRHa therapy results in down-regulation of their expression. More specifically, these data suggest that TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 3 may play a more important role in leiomyomata growth than TGF beta 2, which leads us to propose that lowering TGF beta and receptor expression may have a direct effect on leiomyomata regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Dou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610, USA
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Zheng LM, Ojcius DM, Garaud F, Roth C, Maxwell E, Li Z, Rong H, Chen J, Wang XY, Catino JJ, King I. Interleukin-10 inhibits tumor metastasis through an NK cell-dependent mechanism. J Exp Med 1996; 184:579-84. [PMID: 8760811 PMCID: PMC2192723 DOI: 10.1084/jem.184.2.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a recently described pleiotropic cytokine secreted mainly by type 2 helper T cells. Previous studies have shown that IL-10 suppresses cytokine expression by natural killer (NK) and type 1 T cells, thus down-regulating cell-mediated immunity and stimulating humoral responses. We here report that injected IL-10 protein is an efficient inhibitor of tumor metastasis in experimental (B16-F10) and spontaneous (M27 and Lox human melanoma) metastasis models in vivo at doses that do not have toxic effects on normal or cancer cells. Histological characterization after IL-10 treatment confirmed the absence of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and macrophages at the sites of tumor growth, but abundant NK cells were localized at these sites. This unexpected finding was confirmed by showing that IL-10 inhibits most B16-F10 and Lox metastases in mice deficient in T or B cells (SCID and nu/nu mice), but not in those deficient in NK cells (beige mice or NK cell-depleted mice). However, IL-10 downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine production and/or recruitment of additional effector cells may also be involved in the anti-tumor effect at higher local concentrations of IL-10, since transfected B16 tumor cells expressing high amounts of IL-10 were rejected by normal, nu/nu, or SCID mice at the primary tumor stage, and there was still a 33% inhibition of tumor metastasis in beige mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Zheng
- Tumor Biology Department, Schering-Plough Research Institute, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, USA
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Magnusson G, Kaijser L, Rong H, Isberg B, Sylvén C, Saltin B. Exercise capacity in heart failure patients: relative importance of heart and skeletal muscle. Clin Physiol 1996; 16:183-95. [PMID: 8964135 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.1996.tb00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The knee extensor and the whole-body exercise capacities were measured in 11 chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and 11 healthy age- and sex-matched controls, and were related to ejection fraction and to biochemical and histochemical markers of the musculature. The CHF patients had a 39% lower maximal oxygen uptake measured on an ergometer cycle than the healthy controls (1.54 +/- 0.57 vs. 2.51 +/- 0.70 1 min-1, P < 0.001). The low exercise capacity was markedly related to the ejection fraction (r = 0.77, P < 0.001). The maximal strength of m. quadriceps femoris was 15% lower in the CHF patients than in the controls (P < 0.05). The cross-sectional area (CSA) of m. quadriceps femoris explained 55% (r = 0.74, P < 0.001) of the difference in strength between both groups. The endurance capacity of m. quadriceps femoris was 30% lower in CHF patients than in controls, partly as a result of the 25% lower capillary density (P < 0.05) and the 27% lower aerobic enzyme capacity (P < 0.05), as estimated by the citrate synthase activity, in the CHF patients. The citrate synthase activity correlated with the maximal oxygen uptake (r = 0.61, P < 0.05). Moreover, the ejection fraction, together with the CSA of m. quadriceps femoris, explained 75% (r = 0.86%, P < 0.01) of the difference in maximal oxygen uptake between CHF patients and controls. These results demonstrate that CHF patients have both a lower local and a lower whole-body work capacity than healthy controls. This is a function of a smaller leg muscle mass and a lower capillary density and mitochondrial enzyme capacity in the CHF patients; however, a lowered pump capacity of the heart is the factor which limits the exercise capacity the most.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Magnusson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital, Sweden
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Abstract
Physiological concentrations of monomeric calcitonin can inhibit osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro. We therefore investigated the circulating molecular forms, including monomer-like calcitonin, and their concentrations in 9 men and 9 women with established osteoporosis. Calcitonin was immunoextracted from serum by the use of rabbit calcitonin antibodies coupled to Sepharose 4B. The lyophilized extracts were incubated with 6 M urea overnight and gel chromatographed in a fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) system; calcitonin was measured by radioimmunoassay in the fractions. FPLC disclosed immunoreactive calcitonin of three different molecular sizes in the patients. The two largest forms were approximately 30 and 10 kDa and one eluted at the same position as monomeric calcitonin (3.4 kDa). After extraction and FPLC we found slightly higher calcitonin concentrations in osteoporotic women than previously reported levels in age-matched healthy women. Male patients had higher levels than female patients. None of the osteoporotic patients lacked monomer-like calcitonin. There was no significant correlation between the extracted total or monomer-like calcitonin and bone mineral density of the femoral neck. It is concluded that the circulating calcitonin in both male and female patients comprises three different molecular forms and that there is no deficiency of the monomer-like form. The calcitonin levels in the female patients were slightly higher than in a previous control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rong
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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