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Grgurevic S, Montilla-Perez P, Bradbury A, Gilhodes J, Queille S, Pelofy S, Bancaud A, Filleron T, Ysebaert L, Récher C, Laurent G, Fournié JJ, Cazaux C, Quillet-Mary A, Hoffmann JS. DNA polymerase ν gene expression influences fludarabine resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia independently of p53 status. Haematologica 2018; 103:1038-1046. [PMID: 29567785 PMCID: PMC6058778 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.174243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Alteration in the DNA replication, repair or recombination processes is a highly relevant mechanism of genomic instability. Despite genomic aberrations manifested in hematologic malignancies, such a defect as a source of biomarkers has been underexplored. Here, we investigated the prognostic value of expression of 82 genes involved in DNA replication-repair-recombination in a series of 99 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia without detectable 17p deletion or TP53 mutation. We found that expression of the POLN gene, encoding the specialized DNA polymerase ν (Pol ν) correlates with time to relapse after first-line therapy with fludarabine. Moreover, we found that POLN was the only gene up-regulated in primary patients’ lymphocytes when exposed in vitro to proliferative and pro-survival stimuli. By using two cell lines that were sequentially established from the same patient during the course of the disease and Pol ν knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts, we reveal that high relative POLN expression is important for DNA synthesis and cell survival upon fludarabine treatment. These findings suggest that Pol ν could influence therapeutic resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. (Patients’ samples were obtained from the CLL 2007 FMP clinical trial registered at: clinicaltrials.gov identifer: 00564512).
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Affiliation(s)
- Srdana Grgurevic
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | - Patricia Montilla-Perez
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | | | - Julia Gilhodes
- Clinical Trials Office - Biostatistics Unit, Institute Claudius Regaud, Institute Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole (IUCT-O), Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie Queille
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | | | | | - Thomas Filleron
- Clinical Trials Office - Biostatistics Unit, Institute Claudius Regaud, Institute Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole (IUCT-O), Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Ysebaert
- Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Guy Laurent
- Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Fournié
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | - Anne Quillet-Mary
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- CRCT, Université de Toulouse, Inserm, CNRS, UPS, France; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, France
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Goullet de Rugy T, Bashkurov M, Datti A, Betous R, Guitton-Sert L, Cazaux C, Durocher D, Hoffmann JS. Excess Polθ functions in response to replicative stress in homologous recombination-proficient cancer cells. Biol Open 2016; 5:1485-1492. [PMID: 27612511 PMCID: PMC5087683 DOI: 10.1242/bio.018028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase theta (Polθ) is a specialized A-family DNA polymerase that functions in processes such as translesion synthesis (TLS), DNA double-strand break repair and DNA replication timing. Overexpression of POLQ, the gene encoding Polθ, is a prognostic marker for an adverse outcome in a wide range of human cancers. While increased Polθ dosage was recently suggested to promote survival of homologous recombination (HR)-deficient cancer cells, it remains unclear whether POLQ overexpression could be also beneficial to HR-proficient cancer cells. By performing a short interfering (si)RNA screen in which genes encoding druggable proteins were knocked down in Polθ-overexpressing cells as a means to uncover genetic vulnerabilities associated with POLQ overexpression, we could not identify genes that were essential for viability in Polθ-overexpressing cells in normal growth conditions. We also showed that, upon external DNA replication stress, Polθ expression promotes cell survival and limits genetic instability. Finally, we report that POLQ expression correlates with the expression of a set of HR genes in breast, lung and colorectal cancers. Collectively, our data suggest that Polθ upregulation, besides its importance for survival of HR-deficient cancer cells, may be crucial also for HR-proficient cells to better tolerate DNA replication stress, as part of a global gene deregulation response, including HR genes. Summary: Our work suggests that Polθ upregulation may be crucial for homologous recombination (HR)-proficient cells to better tolerate DNA replication stress, as part of a global gene deregulation response, including HR genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Goullet de Rugy
- UMR1037, Le Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert, Curien CS 53717, Toulouse 31037, Cedex 1, France UMR1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse, III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - M Bashkurov
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - A Datti
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5 Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia 06121-06135, Italy
| | - R Betous
- UMR1037, Le Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert, Curien CS 53717, Toulouse 31037, Cedex 1, France UMR1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse, III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - L Guitton-Sert
- UMR1037, Le Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert, Curien CS 53717, Toulouse 31037, Cedex 1, France UMR1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse, III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - C Cazaux
- UMR1037, Le Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert, Curien CS 53717, Toulouse 31037, Cedex 1, France UMR1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse, III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Toulouse F-31000, France
| | - D Durocher
- The Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, 600 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1X5
| | - J S Hoffmann
- UMR1037, Le Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), 2 Avenue Hubert, Curien CS 53717, Toulouse 31037, Cedex 1, France UMR1037, CRCT, Université Toulouse, III-Paul Sabatier, Toulouse F-31000, France Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Toulouse F-31000, France
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3
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Mansilla SF, Bertolin AP, Bergoglio V, Pillaire MJ, González Besteiro MA, Luzzani C, Miriuka SG, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Gottifredi V. Cyclin Kinase-independent role of p21 CDKN1A in the promotion of nascent DNA elongation in unstressed cells. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27740454 PMCID: PMC5120883 DOI: 10.7554/elife.18020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p21 are low in S phase and insufficient to inhibit CDKs. We show here that endogenous p21, instead of being residual, it is functional and necessary to preserve the genomic stability of unstressed cells. p21depletion slows down nascent DNA elongation, triggers permanent replication defects and promotes the instability of hard-to-replicate genomic regions, namely common fragile sites (CFS). The p21’s PCNA interacting region (PIR), and not its CDK binding domain, is needed to prevent the replication defects and the genomic instability caused by p21 depletion. The alternative polymerase kappa is accountable for such defects as they were not observed after simultaneous depletion of both p21 and polymerase kappa. Hence, in CDK-independent manner, endogenous p21 prevents a type of genomic instability which is not triggered by endogenous DNA lesions but by a dysregulation in the DNA polymerase choice during genomic DNA synthesis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18020.001 Cancer develops when cells in the body mutate in ways that allow them to rapidly grow and divide. To protect cells from becoming cancerous, various molecules act like guardians to prevent cells from dividing when their DNA is damaged, or if they are short of energy. Other guardian molecules monitor the DNA copying process to ensure that the newly-made DNA is as identical as possible to the original DNA template. A protein called p21 belongs to the first group of guardian molecules: DNA damage triggers the production of p21, which prevents the cell from copying its DNA. This role relies on a section of the protein called the CDK binding domain. Cells that have already started to copy their genetic material also have low levels of p21. Mansilla et al. used human cells to investigate whether p21 is also involved in the process of copying DNA. The experiments show that the low levels of p21 act to increase the speed at which the DNA is copied. This activity helps to ensure that all of the cell’s DNA is copied within the time available, including sections of DNA that are harder to copy because they are more fragile and prone to damage. This newly identified role does not involve the CDK binding domain, but instead requires a different section of the p21 protein known as the PCNA interacting region. Mansilla et al. propose that p21 plays a dual role in protecting us from developing cancer. The PCNA interacting region is also found in other proteins that are involved in copying DNA. Therefore, a future challenge is to find out how these proteins interact with each other to ensure that cells accurately copy their DNA in a timely fashion. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.18020.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina F Mansilla
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Agustina P Bertolin
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valérie Bergoglio
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM, Universite Paul Sabatier-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France.,Equipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Pillaire
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM, Universite Paul Sabatier-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France.,Equipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Marina A González Besteiro
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Carlos Luzzani
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Neurociencias, Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia, Belén de Escobar, Argentina
| | - Santiago G Miriuka
- Laboratorio de Investigaciones Aplicadas en Neurociencias, Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia, Belén de Escobar, Argentina
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM, Universite Paul Sabatier-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France.,Equipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,INSERM, Universite Paul Sabatier-CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence TOUCAN, Toulouse, France.,Equipe labellisée La Ligue contre le Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Vanesa Gottifredi
- Fundación Instituto Leloir-Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires, Consejo de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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David L, Fernandez-Vidal A, Bertoli S, Grgurevic S, Lepage B, Deshaies D, Prade N, Cartel M, Larrue C, Sarry JE, Delabesse E, Cazaux C, Didier C, Récher C, Manenti S, Hoffmann JS. CHK1 as a therapeutic target to bypass chemoresistance in AML. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra90. [PMID: 27625304 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aac9704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nucleoside analog cytarabine, an inhibitor of DNA replication fork progression that results in DNA damage, is currently used in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We explored the prognostic value of the expression of 72 genes involved in various aspects of DNA replication in a set of 198 AML patients treated by cytarabine-based chemotherapy. We unveiled that high expression of the DNA replication checkpoint gene CHEK1 is a prognostic marker associated with shorter overall, event-free, and relapse-free survivals and determined that the expression of CHEK1 can predict more frequent and earlier postremission relapse. CHEK1 encodes checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), which is activated by the kinase ATR when DNA replication is impaired by DNA damage. High abundance of CHK1 in AML patient cells correlated with higher clonogenic ability and more efficient DNA replication fork progression upon cytarabine treatment. Exposing the patient cells with the high abundance of CHK1 to SCH900776, an inhibitor of the kinase activity of CHK1, reduced clonogenic ability and progression of DNA replication in the presence of cytarabine. These results indicated that some AML cells rely on an efficient CHK1-mediated replication stress response for viability and that therapeutic strategies that inhibit CHK1 could extend current cytarabine-based treatments and overcome drug resistance. Furthermore, monitoring CHEK1 expression could be used both as a predictor of outcome and as a marker to select AML patients for CHK1 inhibitor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laure David
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fernandez-Vidal
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Bertoli
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Service d'hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Srdana Grgurevic
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Benoît Lepage
- Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Département d'Epidémiologie, Economie de la Santé et Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1027, Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique: Risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps, Faculté de médecine, Toulouse, France
| | - Dominique Deshaies
- Département d'Epidémiologie, Economie de la Santé et Santé Publique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Naïs Prade
- Service d'hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Maëlle Cartel
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Larrue
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Emmanuel Sarry
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Delabesse
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Service d'hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Didier
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christian Récher
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France. Service d'hématologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer Toulouse-Oncopole, 1 avenue Irène Joliot-Curie, 31059 Toulouse, Cedex 9, France.
| | - Stéphane Manenti
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- Equipe Labellisée, La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Toulouse, France. Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex TOUCAN, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France. Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
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Bétous R, Renoud M, Hoede C, Gonzalez I, Jones N, Longy M, Sensebé L, Cazaux C, Hoffmann J. Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Expanded Under Ambient Oxygen Concentration Accumulate Oxidative DNA Lesions and Experience Procarcinogenic DNA Replication Stress. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:68-76. [PMID: 28170194 PMCID: PMC5442744 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2015-0401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose‐derived stem cells (ADSCs) have led to growing interest in cell‐based therapy because they can be easily harvested from an abundant tissue. ADSCs must be expanded in vitro before transplantation. This essential step causes concerns about the safety of adult stem cells in terms of potential transformation. Tumorigenesis is driven in its earliest step by DNA replication stress, which is characterized by the accumulation of stalled DNA replication forks and activation of the DNA damage response. Thus, to evaluate the safety of ADSCs during ex vivo expansion, we monitored DNA replication under atmospheric (21%) or physiologic (1%) oxygen concentration. Here, by combining immunofluorescence and DNA combing, we show that ADSCs cultured under 21% oxygen accumulate endogenous oxidative DNA lesions, which interfere with DNA replication by increasing fork stalling events, thereby leading to incomplete DNA replication and fork collapse. Moreover, we found by RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) that culture of ADSCs under atmospheric oxygen concentration leads to misexpression of cell cycle and DNA replication genes, which could contribute to DNA replication stress. Finally, analysis of acquired small nucleotide polymorphism shows that expansion of ADSCs under 21% oxygen induces a mutational bias toward deleterious transversions. Overall, our results suggest that expanding ADSCs at a low oxygen concentration could reduce the risk for DNA replication stress‐associated transformation, as occurs in neoplastic tissues. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:68–76
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Bétous
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
- University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie‐Laure Renoud
- University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pyrénées Méditerranée, Toulouse, France
- INSERM U1031, UMR5273, Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Hoede
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 875, Unité de Mathématique et Informatique Appliquées, PF Bioinfo Genotoul, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Ignacio Gonzalez
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UR 875, Unité de Mathématique et Informatique Appliquées, PF Bioinfo Genotoul, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Natalie Jones
- INSERM U916 Vinco, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel Longy
- INSERM U916 Vinco, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Bergonié, Bordeaux, France
| | - Luc Sensebé
- University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Etablissement Français du Sang Pyrénées Méditerranée, Toulouse, France
- INSERM U1031, UMR5273, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
- University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean‐Sébastien Hoffmann
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
- Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, INSERM U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
- University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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6
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Grgurevic S, Berquet L, Quillet-Mary A, Laurent G, Récher C, Ysebaert L, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. 3R gene expression in chronic lymphocytic leukemia reveals insight into disease evolution. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e429. [PMID: 27258610 PMCID: PMC5141354 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Grgurevic
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe 'Labellisée LA LIGUE CONTRE LE CANCER 2013', Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - L Berquet
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France
| | - A Quillet-Mary
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
| | - G Laurent
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer (IUC), Toulouse, France
| | - C Récher
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer (IUC), Toulouse, France
| | - L Ysebaert
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Department of Hematology, Institut Universitaire du Cancer (IUC), Toulouse, France
| | | | - J S Hoffmann
- INSERM, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, U1037, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,CNRS, ERL5294, CRCT, Toulouse, France.,Equipe 'Labellisée LA LIGUE CONTRE LE CANCER 2013', Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer Labex Toucan, CRCT, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France
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Brandalize APC, Schüler-Faccini L, Hoffmann JS, Caleffi M, Cazaux C, Ashton-Prolla P. A DNA repair variant in POLQ (c.-1060A > G) is associated to hereditary breast cancer patients: a case-control study. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:850. [PMID: 25409685 PMCID: PMC4246548 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the hallmarks of cancer is the occurrence of high levels of chromosomal rearrangements as a result of inaccurate repair of double-strand breaks (DSB). Germline mutations in BRCA and RAD51 genes, involved in DSB repair, are strongly associated with hereditary breast cancer. Pol θ, a translesional DNA polymerase specialized in the replication of damaged DNA, has been also shown to contribute to DNA synthesis associated to DSB repair. It is noteworthy that POLQ is highly expressed in breast tumors and this expression is able to predict patient outcome. The objective of this study was to analyze genetic variants related to POLQ as new population biomarkers of risk in hereditary (HBC) and sporadic (SBC) breast cancer. METHODS We analyzed through case-control study nine SNPs of POLQ in hereditary (HBC) and sporadic (SBC) breast cancer patients using Taqman Real Time PCR assays. Polymorphisms were systematically identified through the NCBI database and are located within exons or promoter regions. We recruited 204 breast cancer patients (101 SBC and 103 HBC) and 212 unaffected controls residing in Southern Brazil. RESULTS The rs581553 SNP located in the promoter region was strongly associated with HBC (c.-1060A > G; HBC GG = 15, Control TT = 8; OR = 5.67, CI95% = 2.26-14.20; p < 0.0001). Interestingly, 11 of 15 homozygotes for this polymorphism fulfilled criteria for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome. Furthermore, 12 of them developed bilateral breast cancer and one had a familial history of bilateral breast cancer. This polymorphism was also associated with bilateral breast cancer in 67 patients (OR = 9.86, CI95% = 3.81-25.54). There was no statistically significant difference of age at breast cancer diagnosis between SNP carriers and non-carriers. CONCLUSIONS Considering that Pol θ is involved in DBS repair, our results suggest that this polymorphism may contribute to the etiology of HBC, particularly in patients with bilateral breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Carneiro Brandalize
- />Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- />Laboratory of Genomics, Proteomics and DNA Repair, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, Brazil
- />Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lavínia Schüler-Faccini
- />Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- />Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- />Equipe « Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 » INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294, CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), Toulouse Oncopole, France
- />University of Toulouse; UPS, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | | | - Christophe Cazaux
- />Equipe « Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 » INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294, CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), Toulouse Oncopole, France
- />University of Toulouse; UPS, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Patricia Ashton-Prolla
- />Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Experimental Research Center, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- />Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- />Instituto Nacional de Genética Médica Populacional, INAGEMP, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Fernandez-Vidal A, Guitton-Sert L, Cadoret JC, Drac M, Schwob E, Baldacci G, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. A role for DNA polymerase θ in the timing of DNA replication. Nat Commun 2014; 5:4285. [PMID: 24989122 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms5285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although DNA polymerase θ (Pol θ) is known to carry out translesion synthesis and has been implicated in DNA repair, its physiological function under normal growth conditions remains unclear. Here we present evidence that Pol θ plays a role in determining the timing of replication in human cells. We find that Pol θ binds to chromatin during early G1, interacts with the Orc2 and Orc4 components of the Origin recognition complex and that the association of Mcm proteins with chromatin is enhanced in G1 when Pol θ is downregulated. Pol θ-depleted cells exhibit a normal density of activated origins in S phase, but early-to-late and late-to-early shifts are observed at a number of replication domains. Pol θ overexpression, on the other hand, causes delayed replication. Our results therefore suggest that Pol θ functions during the earliest steps of DNA replication and influences the timing of replication initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Fernandez-Vidal
- 1] Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294; CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), BP3028, CHU Purpan, Toulouse 31024, France [2] Université Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse F-31062, France [3]
| | - Laure Guitton-Sert
- 1] Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294; CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), BP3028, CHU Purpan, Toulouse 31024, France [2] Université Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse F-31062, France [3]
| | - Jean-Charles Cadoret
- 1] Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592, CNRS and University Paris-Diderot, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, Paris, Cedex 13 75205, France [2]
| | - Marjorie Drac
- Institut of Molecular Genetics, CNRS UMR5535 and University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Etienne Schwob
- Institut of Molecular Genetics, CNRS UMR5535 and University of Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, France
| | - Giuseppe Baldacci
- Institut Jacques Monod, UMR7592, CNRS and University Paris-Diderot, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, Paris, Cedex 13 75205, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- 1] Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294; CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), BP3028, CHU Purpan, Toulouse 31024, France [2] Université Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- 1] Equipe Labellisée Ligue contre le Cancer 2013 INSERM Unit 1037; CNRS ERL 5294; CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), BP3028, CHU Purpan, Toulouse 31024, France [2] Université Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse III, Toulouse F-31062, France
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9
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Rouquier S, Pillaire MJ, Cazaux C, Giorgi D. Expression of the microtubule-associated protein MAP9/ASAP and its partners AURKA and PLK1 in colorectal and breast cancers. Dis Markers 2014; 2014:798170. [PMID: 24876664 PMCID: PMC4022107 DOI: 10.1155/2014/798170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal and breast cancers are among the most common cancers worldwide. They result from a conjugated deficiency of gene maintenance and cell cycle control. OBJECTIVE We investigate the expression of the microtubule-associated protein MAP9/ASAP and its two partners AURKA and PLK1 in colorectal tumors as well as in ductal breast cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS 26 colorectal cancer samples and adjacent normal tissues and 77 ductal breast cancer samples from grade I to grade III were collected. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to analyse the expression of MAP9, AURKA, and PLK1. Results. Expression of MAP9 is downregulated in colorectal cancer compared to normal tissues (P > 10(-3)), whereas those of AURKA and PLK1 are upregulated (P > 10(-4)). In ductal breast cancer, we found a grade-dependent increase of AURKA expression (P > 10(-3)), while the variations of expression of MAP9 and PLK1 are not significant (P > 0.2). CONCLUSIONS MAP9 downregulation is associated with colorectal malignancy and could be used as a disease marker and a new drug target, while AURKA and PLK1 are upregulated. In ductal breast cancer, AURKA overexpression is strongly associated with the tumor grade and is therefore of prognostic value for the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Rouquier
- Institute of Human Genetics, UPR 1142, CNRS, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Pillaire
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, ERL5294, INSERM, CNRS and University Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse, 205, route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, U1037, ERL5294, INSERM, CNRS and University Paul Sabatier, University of Toulouse, 205, route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Dominique Giorgi
- Institute of Human Genetics, UPR 1142, CNRS, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34396 Montpellier, France
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10
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Orsetti B, Selves J, Bascoul-Mollevi C, Lasorsa L, Gordien K, Bibeau F, Massemin B, Paraf F, Soubeyran I, Hostein I, Dapremont V, Guimbaud R, Cazaux C, Longy M, Theillet C. Impact of chromosomal instability on colorectal cancer progression and outcome. BMC Cancer 2014; 14:121. [PMID: 24559140 PMCID: PMC4233623 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-14-121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It remains presently unclear whether disease progression in colorectal carcinoma (CRC), from early, to invasive and metastatic forms, is associated to a gradual increase in genetic instability and to a scheme of sequentially occurring Copy Number Alterations (CNAs). Methods In this work we set to determine the existence of such links between CRC progression and genetic instability and searched for associations with patient outcome. To this aim we analyzed a set of 162 Chromosomal Instable (CIN) CRCs comprising 131 primary carcinomas evenly distributed through stage 1 to 4, 31 metastases and 14 adenomas by array-CGH. CNA profiles were established according to disease stage and compared. We, also, asked whether the level of genomic instability was correlated to disease outcome in stage 2 and 3 CRCs. Two metrics of chromosomal instability were used; (i) Global Genomic Index (GGI), corresponding to the fraction of the genome involved in CNA, (ii) number of breakpoints (nbBP). Results Stage 1, 2, 3 and 4 tumors did not differ significantly at the level of their CNA profiles precluding the conventional definition of a progression scheme based on increasing levels of genetic instability. Combining GGI and nbBP,we classified genomic profiles into 5 groups presenting distinct patterns of chromosomal instability and defined two risk classes of tumors, showing strong differences in outcome and hazard risk (RFS: p = 0.012, HR = 3; OS: p < 0.001, HR = 9.7). While tumors of the high risk group were characterized by frequent fractional CNAs, low risk tumors presented predominantly whole chromosomal arm CNAs. Searching for CNAs correlating with negative outcome we found that losses at 16p13.3 and 19q13.3 observed in 10% (7/72) of stage 2–3 tumors showed strong association with early relapse (p < 0.001) and death (p < 0.007, p < 0.016). Both events showed frequent co-occurrence (p < 1x10-8) and could, therefore, mark for stage 2–3 CRC susceptible to negative outcome. Conclusions Our data show that CRC disease progression from stage 1 to stage 4 is not paralleled by increased levels of genetic instability. However, they suggest that stage 2–3 CRC with elevated genetic instability and particularly profiles with fractional CNA represent a subset of aggressive tumors.
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11
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Boyer AS, Grgurevic S, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. The Human Specialized DNA Polymerases and Non-B DNA: Vital Relationships to Preserve Genome Integrity. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:4767-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2013] [Revised: 09/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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12
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Bétous R, Pillaire MJ, Pierini L, van der Laan S, Recolin B, Ohl-Séguy E, Guo C, Niimi N, Grúz P, Nohmi T, Friedberg E, Cazaux C, Maiorano D, Hoffmann JS. DNA polymerase κ-dependent DNA synthesis at stalled replication forks is important for CHK1 activation. EMBO J 2013; 32:2172-85. [PMID: 23799366 PMCID: PMC3730229 DOI: 10.1038/emboj.2013.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Formation of primed single-stranded DNA at stalled replication forks triggers activation of the replication checkpoint signalling cascade resulting in the ATR-mediated phosphorylation of the Chk1 protein kinase, thus preventing genomic instability. By using siRNA-mediated depletion in human cells and immunodepletion and reconstitution experiments in Xenopus egg extracts, we report that the Y-family translesion (TLS) DNA polymerase kappa (Pol κ) contributes to the replication checkpoint response and is required for recovery after replication stress. We found that Pol κ is implicated in the synthesis of short DNA intermediates at stalled forks, facilitating the recruitment of the 9-1-1 checkpoint clamp. Furthermore, we show that Pol κ interacts with the Rad9 subunit of the 9-1-1 complex. Finally, we show that this novel checkpoint function of Pol κ is required for the maintenance of genomic stability and cell proliferation in unstressed human cells. A vertebrate translesion synthesis DNA polymerase broadly contributes to checkpoint-activating primer synthesis at stalled replication forks, a role previously ascribed only to replicative polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Bétous
- Equipe Labellisée La Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, INSERM UMR 1037, CNRS ERL 505294, CRCT (Cancer Research Center of Toulouse), Toulouse, France
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13
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Bergoglio V, Boyer AS, Walsh E, Naim V, Legube G, Lee MYWT, Rey L, Rosselli F, Cazaux C, Eckert KA, Hoffmann JS. DNA synthesis by Pol η promotes fragile site stability by preventing under-replicated DNA in mitosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 201:395-408. [PMID: 23609533 PMCID: PMC3639397 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201207066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pol η–dependent DNA synthesis at stalled replication forks during S phase suppresses chronic fragile site instability by preventing checkpoint-blind under-replicated DNA in mitosis. Human DNA polymerase η (Pol η) is best known for its role in responding to UV irradiation–induced genome damage. We have recently observed that Pol η is also required for the stability of common fragile sites (CFSs), whose rearrangements are considered a driving force of oncogenesis. Here, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying this newly identified role. We demonstrated that Pol η accumulated at CFSs upon partial replication stress and could efficiently replicate non-B DNA sequences within CFSs. Pol η deficiency led to persistence of checkpoint-blind under-replicated CFS regions in mitosis, detectable as FANCD2-associated chromosomal sites that were transmitted to daughter cells in 53BP1-shielded nuclear bodies. Expression of a catalytically inactive mutant of Pol η increased replication fork stalling and activated the replication checkpoint. These data are consistent with the requirement of Pol η–dependent DNA synthesis during S phase at replication forks stalled in CFS regions to suppress CFS instability by preventing checkpoint-blind under-replicated DNA in mitosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bergoglio
- Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer 2013, INSERM Unit 1037, ERL5294 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, BP3028, CHU Purpan, 31024 Toulouse, France
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14
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Brandalize APC, Minozzo R, Schüller-Faccini L, Hoffman JS, Cazaux C, Ashton-Prolla P. Genetic variants involved in specialized DNA replication and their relation with breast cancer risk, disease progression and patient prognosis. BMC Proc 2013. [PMCID: PMC3624106 DOI: 10.1186/1753-6561-7-s2-p7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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15
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Allera-Moreau C, Rouquette I, Lepage B, Oumouhou N, Walschaerts M, Leconte E, Schilling V, Gordien K, Brouchet L, Delisle MB, Mazieres J, Hoffmann JS, Pasero P, Cazaux C. DNA replication stress response involving PLK1, CDC6, POLQ, RAD51 and CLASPIN upregulation prognoses the outcome of early/mid-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients. Oncogenesis 2012; 1:e30. [PMID: 23552402 PMCID: PMC3503291 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2012.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Clinical staging classification is generally insufficient to provide a reliable prognosis, particularly for early stages. In addition, prognostic factors are therefore needed to better forecast life expectancy and optimize adjuvant therapeutic strategy. Recent evidence indicates that alterations of the DNA replication program contribute to neoplasia from its early stages and that cancer cells are frequently exposed to endogenous replication stress. We therefore hypothesized that genes involved in the replication stress response may represent an under-explored source of biomarkers. Expressions of 77 DNA replication-associated genes implicated in different aspects of chromosomal DNA replication, including licensing, firing of origins, elongation, replication fork maintenance and recovery, lesion bypass and post-replicative repair were determined in primary tumors and adjacent normal tissues from 93 patients suffering from early- or mid-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We then investigated a statistically significant interaction between gene expressions and survival of early-stage NSCLC patients.The expression of five genes, that is, POLQ, PLK1, RAD51, CLASPIN and CDC6 was associated with overall, disease-free and relapse-free survival. The expression levels are independent of treatment and stage classification. Except RAD51, their prognostic role on survival persists after adjustment on age, sex, treatment, stage classification and conventional proliferation markers, with a hazard ratio of 36.3 for POLQ (95%CI 2.6–517.4, P=0.008), 23.5 for PLK1 (95%CI 1.9–288.4, P=0.01), 20.7 for CLASPIN (95%CI 1.5–275.9, P=0.02) and 18.5 for CDC6 (95%CI 1.3–267.4, P=0.03). We also show that a five-gene signature including POLQ, PLK1, RAD51, CLASPIN and CDC6 separates patients into low- and high-risk groups, with a hazard ratio of 14.3 (95% CI 5.1–40.3, P<0.001). This ‘replication stress' metamarker may be a reliable predictor of survival for NSCLC, and may also help understand the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Allera-Moreau
- 1] Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Inserm U1037, CNRS ERL5294, University of Toulouse, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France [2] Rangueil-Larrey University Hospital, University of Toulouse, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Canitrot Y, Frechet M, Servant L, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Cancer et chaos génétique : une possible implication de l'ADN polymérase β ? Med Sci (Paris) 2012. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/1350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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17
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Schamber-Reis BLF, Nardelli S, Régis-Silva CG, Campos PC, Cerqueira PG, Lima SA, Franco GR, Macedo AM, Pena SDJ, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Motta MCM, Schenkman S, Teixeira SMR, Machado CR. DNA polymerase beta from Trypanosoma cruzi is involved in kinetoplast DNA replication and repair of oxidative lesions. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2012; 183:122-31. [PMID: 22369885 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 02/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Specific DNA repair pathways from Trypanosoma cruzi are believed to protect genomic DNA and kinetoplast DNA (kDNA) from mutations. Particular pathways are supposed to operate in order to repair nucleotides oxidized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) during parasite infection, being 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8oxoG) a frequent and highly mutagenic base alteration. If unrepaired, 8oxoG can lead to cytotoxic base transversions during DNA replication. In mammals, DNA polymerase beta (Polβ) is mainly involved in base excision repair (BER) of oxidative damage. However its biological role in T. cruzi is still unknown. We show, by immunofluorescence localization, that T. cruzi DNA polymerase beta (Tcpolβ) is restricted to the antipodal sites of kDNA in replicative epimastigote and amastigote developmental stages, being strictly localized to kDNA antipodal sites between G1/S and early G2 phase in replicative epimastigotes. Nevertheless, this polymerase was detected inside the mitochondrial matrix of trypomastigote forms, which are not able to replicate in culture. Parasites over expressing Tcpolβ showed reduced levels of 8oxoG in kDNA and an increased survival after treatment with hydrogen peroxide when compared to control cells. However, this resistance was lost after treating Tcpolβ overexpressors with methoxiamine, a potent BER inhibitor. Curiously, a presumed DNA repair focus containing Tcpolβ was identified in the vicinity of kDNA of cultured wild type epimastigotes after treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Taken together our data suggest participation of Tcpolβ during kDNA replication and repair of oxidative DNA damage induced by genotoxic stress in this organelle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Luiz Fonseca Schamber-Reis
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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18
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Allera-Moreau C, Delisle MB, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Rouquette I, Lepage B, Oumouhou N, Gordien K, Brouchet L, Mazieres J, Pasero P. Abstract B4: A “DNA replication stress” gene signature associated with a poor prognosis in early non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.12aacriaslc-b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The conventional clinical staging classification is not sufficient to predict the survival of patients who suffer from early lung cancer. Additional prognostic factors are then needed to better forecast their outcome.
Since perturbation of the genome replication i.e. the so-called “replicative stress” is admitted to contribute to neoplasia from its early stages, we hypothesized that genes involved in such process may therefore represent a still under-explored source of such biomarkers.
We specifically assessed in primary tumors and adjacent normal tissues from a series of 93 patients suffering from early- or mid-stage non-small cell lung adenocarcinoma the expression (RT-qPCR) of 77 “DNA replication” genes involved in either initiation/licensing at the 50,000 replication origins dispersed along the genome, elongation of DNA chains onto damaged or undamaged DNA, maintenance of stalled DNA replication forks or intra-S phase DNA damage processing and signaling.
A 4-gene signature separated patients to high-risk and low-risk subgroups with significantly different survival. This prognostic effect was independent on age, sex, treatment, stage classification and expression of proliferation markers.
We propose that a “cancer replisome” signature could be a predictor of the cancer survival and might also help understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression in lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Allera-Moreau
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Marie-Bernadette Delisle
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Sebastien Hoffmann
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Isabelle Rouquette
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Benoit Lepage
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Naima Oumouhou
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Karine Gordien
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Brouchet
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Mazieres
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Philippe Pasero
- 1Cancer Research Center of Toulouse Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 2Service of Epidemiology Inserm University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 3Rangueil-Larrey Hospital, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France, 4Institute of Human Genetics CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Aberrant expression of alternative DNA polymerases: a source of mutator phenotype as well as replicative stress in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2010; 20:312-9. [PMID: 20934518 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2010] [Accepted: 10/01/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cell life span depends on a subtle equilibrium between the accurate duplication of the genomic DNA and less stringent DNA transactions which allow cells to tolerate mutations associated with DNA damage. The physiological role of the alternative, specialized or TLS (translesion synthesis) DNA polymerases could be to favor the necessary "flexibility" of the replication machinery, by allowing DNA replication to occur even in the presence of blocking DNA damage. As these alternative DNA polymerases are inaccurate when replicating undamaged DNA, the regulation of their expression needs to be carefully controlled. Evidence in the literature supports that dysregulation of these error-prone enzymes contributes to the acquisition of a mutator phenotype that, along with defective cell cycle control or other genome stability pathways, could be a motor for accelerated tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- CNRS, IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205, route de Narbonne, University of Toulouse, UPS, 31077 Toulouse, France.
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20
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Cazaux C. R59 – Oral: La réplication non conventionnelle de l’ADN comme source de marqueurs pronostiques et de traitements ciblés dans les cancers du sein, du côlon et du poumon. ASCI structurante « les 3R comme signature péjorative de la maladie ». Bull Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(15)30976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Allera Moreau C, Rouquette I, Gordien K, Bourcier C, Bieth A, Pillaire M, Mazieres J, Pasero P, Cazaux C, Delisle M. R56: Étude en nanofluidique de l’expression des gènes des 3R dans le cancer du poumon. Bull Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(15)30974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Fernandez-Vidal A, Magdeleine E, Wood R, Cazaux C, Hoffmann J. R66: Rôle de l’ADN polymérase thêta dans le maintien de l’intégrité du génome en absence de stress exogène. Bull Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0007-4551(15)30983-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Capp JP, Boudsocq F, Bergoglio V, Trouche D, Cazaux C, Blanco L, Hoffmann JS, Canitrot Y. The R438W polymorphism of human DNA polymerase lambda triggers cellular sensitivity to camptothecin by compromising the homologous recombination repair pathway. Carcinogenesis 2010; 31:1742-7. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgq166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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24
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Lemée F, Bergoglio V, Fernandez-Vidal A, Machado-Silva A, Pillaire MJ, Bieth A, Gentil C, Baker L, Martin AL, Leduc C, Lam E, Magdeleine E, Filleron T, Oumouhou N, Kaina B, Seki M, Grimal F, Lacroix-Triki M, Thompson A, Roché H, Bourdon JC, Wood RD, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. DNA polymerase theta up-regulation is associated with poor survival in breast cancer, perturbs DNA replication, and promotes genetic instability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:13390-5. [PMID: 20624954 PMCID: PMC2922118 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0910759107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
"Replicative stress" is one of the main factors underlying neoplasia from its early stages. Genes involved in DNA synthesis may therefore represent an underexplored source of potential prognostic markers for cancer. To this aim, we generated gene expression profiles from two independent cohorts (France, n=206; United Kingdom, n=117) of patients with previously untreated primary breast cancers. We report here that among the 13 human nuclear DNA polymerase genes, DNA Polymerase (POLQ) is the only one significantly up-regulated in breast cancer compared with normal breast tissues. Importantly, POLQ up-regulation significantly correlates with poor clinical outcome (4.3-fold increased risk of death in patients with high POLQ expression), and this correlation is independent of Cyclin E expression or the number of positive nodes, which are currently considered as markers for poor outcome. POLQ expression provides thus an additional indicator for the survival outcome of patients with high Cyclin E tumor expression or high number of positive lymph nodes. Furthermore, to decipher the molecular consequences of POLQ up-regulation in breast cancer, we generated human MRC5-SV cell lines that stably overexpress POLQ. Strong POLQ expression was directly associated with defective DNA replication fork progression and chromosomal damage. Therefore, POLQ overexpression may be a promising genetic instability and prognostic marker for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Lemée
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Bergoglio
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Fernandez-Vidal
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Alice Machado-Silva
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
- European Associated Laboratory, University of Dundee, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U858, Dundee DD1 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Jeanne Pillaire
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Bieth
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Gentil
- Service d’ Epidémiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U558, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31073 Toulouse, France
| | - Lee Baker
- Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Laure Martin
- Fédération des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer, 75654 Paris, France
| | - Claire Leduc
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Elena Lam
- Department of Toxicology, University of Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Eddy Magdeleine
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas Filleron
- Institut Claudius Régaud, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31052 Toulouse, France
| | - Naïma Oumouhou
- Service d’ Epidémiologie, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U558, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31073 Toulouse, France
| | - Bernd Kaina
- Department of Toxicology, University of Mainz, D-55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mineaki Seki
- Laboratories for Organismal Biosystems, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Fanny Grimal
- Département d’ Oncogenèse et de Signalisation des Cellules Hématopoïétiques, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U563, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31059 Toulouse, France; and
| | - Magali Lacroix-Triki
- Institut Claudius Régaud, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31052 Toulouse, France
| | - Alastair Thompson
- Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Henri Roché
- Institut Claudius Régaud, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31052 Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Bourdon
- European Associated Laboratory, University of Dundee, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U858, Dundee DD1 9SY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard D. Wood
- Science Park–Research Division, University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Smithville, TX 78957
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale and Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier, 31077 Toulouse, France
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25
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Pillaire MJ, Selves J, Gordien K, Gourraud PA, Gentil C, Danjoux M, Do C, Negre V, Bieth A, Guimbaud R, Trouche D, Pasero P, Méchali M, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Erratum: A ‘DNA replication’ signature of progression and negative outcome in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2010. [DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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26
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Pillaire MJ, Selves J, Gordien K, Gourraud PA, Gouraud PA, Gentil C, Danjoux M, Do C, Negre V, Bieth A, Guimbaud R, Trouche D, Pasero P, Méchali M, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. A 'DNA replication' signature of progression and negative outcome in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2010; 29:876-87. [PMID: 19901968 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2009.378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2008] [Revised: 07/15/2009] [Accepted: 10/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. As the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging classification does not allow to predict the survival of patients in many cases, additional prognostic factors are needed to better forecast their outcome. Genes involved in DNA replication may represent an underexplored source of such prognostic markers. Indeed, accidents during DNA replication can trigger 'replicative stress', one of the main features of cancer from earlier stages onward. In this study, we assessed the expression of 47 'DNA replication' genes in primary tumors and adjacent normal tissues from a homogeneous series of 74 patients. We found that genes coding for translesional (TLS) DNA polymerases, initiation of DNA replication, S-phase signaling and protection of replication forks were significantly deregulated in tumors. We also observed that the overexpression of either the MCM7 helicase or the TLS DNA polymerase POLQ (if also associated with a concomitant overexpression of firing genes) was significantly related to poor patient survival. Our data suggest the existence of a 'DNA replication signature' that might represent a source of new prognostic markers. Such a signature could help in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor progression in colorectal cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M-J Pillaire
- Genetic Instability and Cancer Group, Department Biology of Cancer, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, UMR5089 CNRS, University of Toulouse, University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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27
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Terrados G, Capp JP, Canitrot Y, García-Díaz M, Bebenek K, Kirchhoff T, Villanueva A, Boudsocq F, Bergoglio V, Cazaux C, Kunkel TA, Hoffmann JS, Blanco L. Characterization of a natural mutator variant of human DNA polymerase lambda which promotes chromosomal instability by compromising NHEJ. PLoS One 2009; 4:e7290. [PMID: 19806195 PMCID: PMC2751832 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0007290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA polymerase lambda (Polλ) is a DNA repair polymerase, which likely plays a role in base excision repair (BER) and in non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB). Principal Findings Here, we described a novel natural allelic variant of human Polλ (hPolλ) characterized by a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), C/T variation in the first base of codon 438, resulting in the amino acid change Arg to Trp. In vitro enzyme activity assays of the purified W438 Polλ variant revealed that it retained both DNA polymerization and deoxyribose phosphate (dRP) lyase activities, but had reduced base substitution fidelity. Ectopic expression of the W438 hPolλ variant in mammalian cells increases mutation frequency, affects the DSB repair NHEJ pathway, and generates chromosome aberrations. All these phenotypes are dependent upon the catalytic activity of the W438 hPolλ. Conclusions The expression of a cancer-related natural variant of one specialized DNA polymerase can be associated to generic instability at the cromosomal level, probably due a defective NHEJ. These results establish that chromosomal aberrations can result from mutations in specialized DNA repair polymerases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Terrados
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jean-Pascal Capp
- Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Sistèmes Biologiques et des Procédés. UMR INSA/CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Yvan Canitrot
- CNRS-IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), Toulouse, France
| | - Miguel García-Díaz
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Katarzyna Bebenek
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Tomas Kirchhoff
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- Clinical Genetics Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- Laboratory of Translational Research, Institut Català d'Oncologia-IDIBELL, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - François Boudsocq
- CNRS-IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), Toulouse, France
| | - Valérie Bergoglio
- CNRS-IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- CNRS-IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), Toulouse, France
| | - Thomas A. Kunkel
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- CNRS-IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), Toulouse, France
- * E-mail: (LB); (JSH)
| | - Luis Blanco
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (LB); (JSH)
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28
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Faumont N, Le Clorennec C, Teira P, Goormachtigh G, Coll J, Canitrot Y, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Brousset P, Delsol G, Feuillard J, Meggetto F. Regulation of DNA polymerase beta by the LMP1 oncoprotein of EBV through the nuclear factor-kappaB pathway. Cancer Res 2009; 69:5177-85. [PMID: 19491276 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-08-2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The repair DNA polymerase beta (Polbeta), when overexpressed, plays a critical role in generating genetic instability via its interference with the genomic replication program. Up-regulation of Polbeta has been reported in many tumor types that exhibit genetic aberrations, including EBV-related B-cell lymphomas. However, the mechanisms responsible for its overexpression have never been examined. Here, we report that both expression and activity of Polbeta, in EBV-immortalized B cells, are induced by several natural genetic variants of LMP1, an oncoprotein associated with the vast majority of EBV-related tumors. Conversely, we found that the expression of Polbeta decreased when LMP1 signaling was down-regulated by a dominant negative of LMP1 or an inhibitor of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway, the main transduction pathway activated by LMP1, strongly supporting a role of NF-kappaB in the LMP1-mediated Polbeta regulation. Using electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments from several EBV-immortalized B-cell nuclear extracts, we identified an LMP1-dependent p50/c-Rel heterodimer on a proximal kappaB binding site (-211 to -199nt) of the Polbeta promoter. This result was correlated with a specific Polbeta kappaB transcriptional activity. Taken together, our data enlighten a new mechanism responsible for Polbeta overexpression in EBV-infected cells, mediated by LMP1 and dependent on NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Faumont
- Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale-U563, CPTP
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29
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Bétous R, Rey L, Wang G, Pillaire MJ, Puget N, Selves J, Biard DSF, Shin-ya K, Vasquez KM, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. Role of TLS DNA polymerases eta and kappa in processing naturally occurring structured DNA in human cells. Mol Carcinog 2009; 48:369-78. [PMID: 19117014 DOI: 10.1002/mc.20509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Accurate DNA replication during S-phase is fundamental to maintain genome integrity. During this critical process, replication forks frequently encounter obstacles that impede their progression. While the regulatory pathways which act in response to exogenous replication stress are beginning to emerge, the mechanisms by which fork integrity is maintained at naturally occurring endogenous replication-impeding sequences remains obscure. Notably, little is known about how cells replicate through special chromosomal regions containing structured non-B DNA, for example, G4 quartets, known to hamper fork progression or trigger chromosomal rearrangements. Here, we have investigated the role in this process of the human translesion synthesis (TLS) DNA polymerases of the Y-family (pol eta, pol iota, and pol kappa), specialized enzymes known to synthesize DNA through DNA damage. We show that depletion by RNA interference of expression of the genes for Pol eta or Pol kappa, but not Pol iota, sensitizes U2OS cells treated with the G4-tetraplex interactive compound telomestatin and triggers double-strand breaks in HeLa cells harboring multiple copies of a G-rich sequence from the promoter region of the human c-MYC gene, chromosomally integrated as a transgene. Moreover, we found that downregulation of Pol kappa only raises the level of DSB in HeLa cells containing either one of two breakage hotspot structured DNA sequences in the chromosome, the major break region (Mbr) of BCL-2 gene and the GA rich region from the far right-hand end of the genome of the Kaposi Sarcoma associated Herpesvirus. These data suggest that naturally occurring DNA structures are physiological substrates of both pol eta and pol kappa. We discuss these data in the light of their downregulation in human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Bétous
- CNRS, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology (IPBS), Toulouse, France
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30
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Lopes DO, Falconi FC, Goes AM, Canitrot Y, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Franco GR, Macedo AM, Pena SDJ, Machado CR. Isolation and characterization of HC1: a novel human DNA repair gene. Genet Mol Res 2009; 8:247-60. [PMID: 19291873 DOI: 10.4238/vol8-1gmr554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide excision repair (NER) acts on a broad spectrum of large lesions, while base excision repair removes individual modified bases. Although both processes have been well studied in human cells, novel genes involved in these DNA repair pathways have been described. Using a heterologous complementation approach, we identified a fetal human cDNA that complemented two Escherichia coli mutants that are defective in 3-methyl adenine glycosylase and in three endonucleases, all of which are enzymes with important roles in base excision repair. The central cDNA open reading frame complemented NER mutant strains and promoted an increase in survival rate of bacteria exposed to UV light. The corresponding protein was able to restore nucleotide-excision-repair activity when added to a cell extract from Chinese hamster ovary cells deficient in the ERCC1 protein, an enzyme known to promote incision at the 5' end of the lesion during NER. In contrast, that protein was not able to complement XPG Chinese hamster ovary cells deficient in the 3' incision step of NER. These data indicate a new human repair gene, which we named HC1; it is involved in the recognition of two kinds of DNA lesions and it contributes to the 5' DNA incision step in NER.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Lopes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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31
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Mattera L, Escaffit F, Pillaire MJ, Selves J, Tyteca S, Hoffmann JS, Gourraud PA, Chevillard-Briet M, Cazaux C, Trouche D. The p400/Tip60 ratio is critical for colorectal cancer cell proliferation through DNA damage response pathways. Oncogene 2009; 28:1506-17. [PMID: 19169279 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The Tip60 histone acetyltransferase belongs to a multimolecular complex that contains many chromatin remodeling enzymes including the ATPase p400, a protein involved in nucleosomal incorporation of specific histone variants and that can directly or indirectly repress some Tip60-dependent pathways. Tip60 activity is critical for the cellular response to DNA damage and is affected during cancer progression. Here, we found that the ratio between Tip60 and p400 mRNAs is affected in most colorectal carcinoma. Strikingly, reversing the p400/Tip60 imbalance by Tip60 overexpression or the use of siRNAs resulted in increased apoptosis and decreased proliferation of colon-cancer-derived cells, suggesting that this ratio defect is important for cancer progression. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the p400/Tip60 ratio controls the oncogene-induced DNA damage response, a known anticancer barrier. Finally, we found that it is also critical for the response to 5-fluorouracil, a first-line treatment against colon cancer. Together, our data indicate that the p400/Tip60 ratio is critical for colon cancer cells proliferation and response to therapeutic drugs through the control of stress-response pathways.
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32
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Lopes DDO, Schamber-Reis BLF, Regis-da-Silva CG, Rajão MA, Darocha WD, Macedo AM, Franco GR, Nardelli SC, Schenkman S, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Pena SDJ, Teixeira SMR, Machado CR. Biochemical studies with DNA polymerase beta and DNA polymerase beta-PAK of Trypanosoma cruzi suggest the involvement of these proteins in mitochondrial DNA maintenance. DNA Repair (Amst) 2008; 7:1882-92. [PMID: 18761429 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2008.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2007] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 07/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian DNA polymerase beta is a nuclear enzyme involved in the base excision and single-stranded DNA break repair pathways. In trypanosomatids, this protein does not have a defined cellular localization, and its function is poorly understood. We characterized two Trypanosoma cruzi proteins homologous to mammalian DNA polymerasebeta, TcPolbeta and TcPolbetaPAK, and showed that both enzymes localize to the parasite kinetoplast. In vitro assays with purified proteins showed that they have DNA polymerization and deoxyribose phosphate lyase activities. Optimal conditions for polymerization were different for each protein with respect to dNTP concentration and temperature, and TcPolbetaPAK, in comparison to TcPolbeta, conducted DNA synthesis over a much broader pH range. TcPolbeta was unable to carry out mismatch extension or DNA synthesis across 8-oxodG lesions, and was able to discriminate between dNTP and ddNTP. These specific abilities of TcPolbeta were not observed for TcPolbetaPAK or other X family members, and are not due to a phenylalanine residue at position 395 in the C-terminal region of TcPolbeta, as assessed by a site-directed mutagenesis experiment reversing this residue to a well conserved tyrosine. Our data suggest that both polymerases from T. cruzi could cooperate to maintain mitochondrial DNA integrity through their multiple roles in base excision repair, gap filling and translesion synthesis.
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33
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Brondello JM, Pillaire MJ, Rodriguez C, Gourraud PA, Selves J, Cazaux C, Piette J. Novel evidences for a tumor suppressor role of Rev3, the catalytic subunit of Pol zeta. Oncogene 2008; 27:6093-101. [PMID: 18622427 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2008.212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair act in concert to ensure DNA integrity during perturbation of normal replication or in response to genotoxic agents. Deficiencies in these protective mechanisms can lead to cellular transformation and ultimately tumorigenesis. Here we focused on Rev3, the catalytic subunit of the low-fidelity DNA repair polymerase zeta. Rev3 is believed to play a role in double-strand break (DSB)-induced DNA repair by homologous recombination. In line with this hypothesis, we show the accumulation of chromatin-bound Rev3 protein in late S-G2 of untreated cells and in response to clastogenic DNA damage as well as an gamma-H2AX accumulation in Rev3-depleted cells. Moreover, serine 995 of Rev3 is in vitro phosphorylated by the DSB-inducible checkpoint kinase, Chk2. Our data also disclose a significant reduction of rev3 gene expression in 74 colon carcinomas when compared to the normal adjacent tissues. This reduced expression is independent of the carcinoma stages, suggesting that the downregulation of rev3 might have occurred early during tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-M Brondello
- Centre Régional de Cancérologie de Montpellier (INSERM-Université de Montpellier I Unité 868) Identité et Plasticité Tumorale, CRCM Val d'Aurelle-Lamarque, Montpellier cedex 5, France.
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Hazan C, Boudsocq F, Gervais V, Saurel O, Ciais M, Cazaux C, Czaplicki J, Milon A. Structural insights on the pamoic acid and the 8 kDa domain of DNA polymerase beta complex: towards the design of higher-affinity inhibitors. BMC Struct Biol 2008; 8:22. [PMID: 18416825 PMCID: PMC2375893 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6807-8-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2007] [Accepted: 04/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA polymerase beta (pol beta), the error-prone DNA polymerase of single-stranded DNA break repair as well as base excision repair pathways, is overexpressed in several tumors and takes part in chemotherapeutic agent resistance, like that of cisplatin, through translesion synthesis. For this reason pol beta has become a therapeutic target. Several inhibitors have been identified, but none of them presents a sufficient affinity and specificity to become a drug. The fragment-based inhibitor design allows an important improvement in affinity of small molecules. The initial and critical step for setting up the fragment-based strategy consists in the identification and structural characterization of the first fragment bound to the target. RESULTS We have performed docking studies of pamoic acid, a 9 micromolar pol beta inhibitor, and found that it binds in a single pocket at the surface of the 8 kDa domain of pol beta. However, docking studies provided five possible conformations for pamoic acid in this site. NMR experiments were performed on the complex to select a single conformation among the five retained. Chemical Shift Mapping data confirmed pamoic acid binding site found by docking while NOESY and saturation transfer experiments provided distances between pairs of protons from the pamoic acid and those of the 8 kDa domain that allowed the identification of the correct conformation. CONCLUSION Combining NMR experiments on the complex with docking results allowed us to build a three-dimensional structural model. This model serves as the starting point for further structural studies aimed at improving the affinity of pamoic acid for binding to DNA polymerase beta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Hazan
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - François Boudsocq
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Virginie Gervais
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Olivier Saurel
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Ciais
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Jerzy Czaplicki
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
| | - Alain Milon
- University of Toulouse, UPS; IPBS (Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
- CNRS, IPBS, UMR5089, Toulouse, France
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Balin-Gauthier D, Delord JP, Pillaire MJ, Rochaix P, Hoffman JS, Bugat R, Cazaux C, Canal P, Allal BC. Cetuximab potentiates oxaliplatin cytotoxic effect through a defect in NER and DNA replication initiation. Br J Cancer 2008; 98:120-8. [PMID: 18182978 PMCID: PMC2359709 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 11/12/2007] [Accepted: 11/14/2007] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have demonstrated that the chemotherapeutic action of oxaliplatin, a third generation platinum derivative, is improved when combined with cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptors. To explore the mechanism of this synergistic benefit, we used HCT-8 and HCT-116, two human colon cancer cell lines, respectively, responsive and non-responsive to the oxaliplatin/cetuximab combination. We examined the effect of drug exposure on glutathione-S-transferase-mediated oxaliplatin detoxification, DNA-platinum adducts formation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and the expression of multiple targets involved in DNA replication, recombination, and repair. The major changes we found in HCT-8 were a stimulation of oxaliplatin-DNA adduct formation associated with reduced expression of the key enzyme (excision repair cross complementation group1: ERCC1) in the key repair process of oxaliplatin-DNA platinum adduct, the nucleotide excision repair (NER), both at the mRNA and protein levels. We also observed a reduced expression of factors involved in DNA replication initiation, which correlates with an enrichment of cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle as well as an acceleration of apoptosis. None of these changes occurred in the non-responsive HCT-116 cell that we used as a negative control. These findings support the fact that cetuximab potentiates the oxaliplatin-mediated cytotoxic effect as the result of inhibition of NER and also DNA replication initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Balin-Gauthier
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - J-P Delord
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, Toulouse Cedex 31052, France
| | - M-J Pillaire
- équipe Instabilité génétique et cancer du département ‘Mécanismes de surveillance du génome’ Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089 (IPBS) 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse Cedex 31077, France
| | - P Rochaix
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, Toulouse Cedex 31052, France
| | - J-S Hoffman
- équipe Instabilité génétique et cancer du département ‘Mécanismes de surveillance du génome’ Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089 (IPBS) 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse Cedex 31077, France
| | - R Bugat
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, Toulouse Cedex 31052, France
| | - C Cazaux
- équipe Instabilité génétique et cancer du département ‘Mécanismes de surveillance du génome’ Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089 (IPBS) 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse Cedex 31077, France
| | - P Canal
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, Toulouse Cedex 31052, France
| | - B C Allal
- EA 3035 Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Clinique et Expérimentale des Médicaments Anticancéreux, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- Institut Claudius Regaud, 20-24, rue du Pont Saint Pierre, Toulouse Cedex 31052, France
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Lopes DO, Regis-da-Silva CG, Machado-Silva A, Macedo AM, Franco GR, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Pena SDJ, Teixeira SMR, Machado CR. Analysis of DNA polymerase activity in vitro using non-radioactive primer extension assay in an automated DNA sequencer. Genet Mol Res 2007; 6:250-5. [PMID: 17573654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Although different DNA polymerases have distinct functions and substrate affinities, their general mechanism of action is similar. Thus, they can all be studied using the same technical principle, the primer extension assay employing radioactive tags. Even though fluorescence has been used routinely for many years for DNA sequencing, it has not been used in the in vitro primer extension assay. The use of fluorescence labels has obvious advantages over radioactivity, including safety, speed and ease of manipulation. In the present study, we demonstrated the potential of non-radioactive in vitro primer extension for DNA polymerase studies. By using an M13 tag in the substrate, we can use the same fluorescent M13 primer to study different substrate sequences. This technique allows quantification of the DNA polymerase activity of the Klenow fragment using different templates and under different conditions with similar sensitivity to the radioactive assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- D O Lopes
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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Capp JP, Boudsocq F, Besnard AG, Lopez BS, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Canitrot Y. Involvement of DNA polymerase mu in the repair of a specific subset of DNA double-strand breaks in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2007; 35:3551-60. [PMID: 17483519 PMCID: PMC1920243 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkm243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2007] [Accepted: 04/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB) requires processing of the broken ends to complete the ligation process. Recently, it has been shown that DNA polymerase mu (polmu) and DNA polymerase lambda (pollambda) are both involved in such processing during non-homologous end joining in vitro. However, no phenotype was observed in animal models defective for either polmu and/or pollambda. Such observations could result from a functional redundancy shared by the X family of DNA polymerases. To avoid such redundancy and to clarify the role of polmu in the end joining process, we generated cells over-expressing the wild type as well as an inactive form of polmu (polmuD). We observed that cell sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR) was increased when either polmu or polmuD was over-expressed. However, the genetic instability in response to IR increased only in cells expressing polmuD. Moreover, analysis of intrachromosomal repair of the I-SceI-induced DNA DSB, did not reveal any effect of either polmu or polmuD expression on the efficiency of ligation of both cohesive and partially complementary ends. Finally, the sequences of the repaired ends were specifically affected when polmu or polmuD was over-expressed, supporting the hypothesis that polmu could be involved in the repair of a DSB subset when resolution of junctions requires some gap filling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Pascal Capp
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - François Boudsocq
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - Anne-Gaelle Besnard
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - Bernard S. Lopez
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | - Yvan Canitrot
- Genetic instability and Cancer group, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex and Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie, 60-68 av. Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
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Golzio M, Mazzolini L, Ledoux A, Paganin A, Izard M, Hellaudais L, Bieth A, Pillaire MJ, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Couderc B, Teissié J. In vivo gene silencing in solid tumors by targeted electrically mediated siRNA delivery. Gene Ther 2007; 14:752-9. [PMID: 17344906 DOI: 10.1038/sj.gt.3302920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene silencing approaches appear very promising for therapies based on the targeted inhibition of disease-relevant genes. The major hurdle to the therapeutic development of RNAi strategies remains, however, the efficient delivery of the RNAi-inducing molecules, the short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs), to the target tissue. With respect to cancer treatment the development of efficient delivery methods into solid tumors appears as a critical issue. However, very few studies have addressed this problem. In this study we have investigated the contribution of electrically mediated delivery of siRNA into murine tumors stably expressing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) target reporter gene. The silencing of EGFP gene expression was quantified over time by fluorescence imaging in the living animal. Our study indicates that electric field can be used as an efficient method for siRNA delivery and associated gene silencing into cells of solid tumors in vivo.
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Pillaire MJ, Betous R, Conti C, Czaplicki J, Pasero P, Bensimon A, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. Upregulation of error-prone DNA polymerases beta and kappa slows down fork progression without activating the replication checkpoint. Cell Cycle 2007; 6:471-7. [PMID: 17329970 DOI: 10.4161/cc.6.4.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
There is rising evidence that cancer development is associated from its earliest stages with DNA replication stress, a major source of spontaneous genomic instability. However, the origin of these replication defects has remained unclear. We have investigated the consequences of upregulating error-prone DNA polymerases (pol) beta and kappa on chromosomal DNA replication. These enzymes are misregulated in different types of cancers and induce major chromosomal instabilities when overexpressed at low levels. Here, we have used DNA combing to show that a moderate overexpression of pol beta or pol kappa is sufficient to impede replication fork progression and to promote the activation of additional replication origins. Interestingly, alterations of the normal replication program induced by excess error-prone polymerases were not detected by the replication checkpoint. We therefore propose that upregulation of error-prone DNA polymerases induces a checkpoint-blind replication stress that contributes to genomic instability and to cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Jeanne Pillaire
- Group Instabilité génétique et cancer équipe labellisée par La ligue contre le cancer, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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Lemée F, Bavoux C, Pillaire MJ, Bieth A, Machado CR, Pena SD, Guimbaud R, Selves J, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Characterization of promoter regulatory elements involved in downexpression of the DNA polymerase kappa in colorectal cancer. Oncogene 2006; 26:3387-94. [PMID: 17099721 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The low-fidelity DNA polymerases thought to be specialized in DNA damage processing are frequently misregulated in cancers. We show here that DNA polymerase kappa (polkappa), prone to replicate across oxidative and aromatic adducts and known to function in nucleotide excision repair (NER), is downregulated in colorectal tumour biopsies. Contrary to the replicative poldelta and polalpha, for which only activating domains were described, we identified an upstream 465-bp-long repressor region in the promoter of POLK. We also found an activating 237-bp region that includes stimulating protein-1 (SP1) and cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding sites. Mutations at one CRE-binding site led to a dramatic 80% decrease in promoter activity. Alterations of the SP1-binding site also affected, to a lesser extent, the transcription. Gel shift assays confirmed the role played by CRE/SP1 recognition sequences. Moreover, ectopic expression of SP1 or CRE-binding protein (CREB) protein favoured polkappa transcription. Finally, we found that polkappa downexpression in colorectal biopsies correlated with a decreased level of CREB and SP1 transcripts. This work shows that the promoter of POLK is cis-controlled and suggests that silencing of CREB and SP1 proteins could contribute to downregulation of this repair polymerase in colorectal tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Lemée
- 1Laboratory Genetic Instability and Cancer, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, UMR CNRS 5089, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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Regis-da-Silva CG, Freitas JM, Passos-Silva DG, Furtado C, Augusto-Pinto L, Pereira MT, DaRocha WD, Franco GR, Macedo AM, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Pena SDJ, Teixeira SMR, Machado CR. Characterization of the Trypanosoma cruzi Rad51 gene and its role in recombination events associated with the parasite resistance to ionizing radiation. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2006; 149:191-200. [PMID: 16828179 DOI: 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2005] [Revised: 05/26/2006] [Accepted: 05/30/2006] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The Rad51 gene encodes a highly conserved enzyme involved in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair and recombination processes. We cloned and characterized the Rad51 gene from Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. This gene is expressed in all three forms of the parasite life cycle, with mRNA levels that are two-fold more abundant in the intracellular amastigote form. The recombinase activity of the TcRad51 gene product was verified by an increase in recombination events observed in transfected mammalian cells expressing TcRad51 and containing two inactive copies of the neomycin-resistant gene. As a component of the DSB repair machinery, we investigated the role of TcRad51 in the resistance to ionizing radiation and zeocin treatment presented by T. cruzi. When exposed to gamma irradiation, different strains of the parasite survive to dosages as high as 1 kGy. A role for TcRad51 in this process was evidenced by the increased expression of its mRNA after irradiation. Furthermore, transfected parasites over-expressing TcRad51 have a faster kinetics of recovery of the normal pattern of chromosomal bands after irradiation as well as a higher resistance to zeocin treatment than do wild-type cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gustavo Regis-da-Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 6627, Caixa Postal 486, Belo Horizonte 30161-970, MG, Brazil
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Capp JP, Boudsocq F, Bertrand P, Laroche-Clary A, Pourquier P, Lopez BS, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS, Canitrot Y. The DNA polymerase lambda is required for the repair of non-compatible DNA double strand breaks by NHEJ in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2006; 34:2998-3007. [PMID: 16738138 PMCID: PMC1474058 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkl380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase lambda (polλ) is a recently identified DNA polymerase whose cellular function remains elusive. Here we show, that polλ participates at the molecular level in a chromosomal context, in the repair of DNA double strand breaks (DSB) via non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) in mammalian cells. The expression of a catalytically inactive form of polλ (polλDN) decreases the frequency of NHEJ events in response to I-Sce-I-induced DSB whereas inactivated forms of its homologues polβ and polμ do not. Only events requiring DNA end processing before ligation are affected; this defect is associated with large deletions arising in the vicinity of the induced DSB. Furthermore, polλDN-expressing cells exhibit increased sensitization and genomic instability in response to ionizing radiation similar to that of NHEJ-defective cells. Our data support a requirement for polλ in repairing a subset of DSB in genomic DNA, thereby contributing to the maintenance of genetic stability mediated by the NHEJ pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Pascale Bertrand
- Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie60-68 avenue Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | | | - Philippe Pourquier
- Institut BergoniéINSERM E437, 229 cours de l'Argonne, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bernard S. Lopez
- Département de Radiobiologie et Radiopathologie60-68 avenue Général Leclerc, UMR 217 CNRS-CEA, 92265 Fontenay aux Roses cedex, France
| | | | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- Correspondence may also be addressed to Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann. Tel: +33 5 61 17 59 75; Fax: +33 5 61 17 59 94;
| | - Yvan Canitrot
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: Tel: +33 5 61 17 5861; Fax: +33 5 61 17 5994;
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Canitrot Y, Laurent G, Astarie-Dequeker C, Bordier C, Cazaux C, Hoffmann JS. Enhanced expression and activity of DNA polymerase beta in chronic myelogenous leukemia. Anticancer Res 2006; 26:523-5. [PMID: 16739313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by an initial chronic phase that invariably evolves to the more aggressive phase of blast crisis. Although the determinants of this transition are still unknown, it has been shown that the blast crisis is accompanied by genetic instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS The expression and activity of the error-prone DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) were investigated in blood samples from CML patients, by Western blotting and by an in vitro replication assay, respectively. RESULTS Pol beta expression and activity were significantly higher in CML samples compared to those of healthy donors. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the excess of pol beta in CML could contribute to the genetic instability observed during the evolution of the disease from the chronic phase to blast crisis.
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MESH Headings
- Blotting, Western
- DNA Polymerase beta/biosynthesis
- DNA Polymerase beta/blood
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/blood
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/enzymology
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Neutrophils/enzymology
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Canitrot
- Groupe Instabilité Génétique et Cancer, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, UMR CNRS 5089, Toulouse, France.
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Massiot G, Long C, David B, Serrano MJ, Daubié F, Alby F, Ausseil F, Knibiehler M, Moretti C, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C, Lavaud C. Acylphloroglucinol derivatives from Mahurea palustris. J Nat Prod 2005; 68:979-84. [PMID: 16038535 DOI: 10.1021/np049676o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Five new acylphloroglucinol derivatives, mahureones A-E (1, 3-6), have been isolated from the leaves of Mahurea palustris, and their structures determined by spectroscopic means. During the isolation process, several byproducts (7-9) were formed by reaction of one of the isoprenyl side chains with TFA, water, and acetonitrile. All the compounds were assayed for their ability to inhibit human DNA polymerase beta. The most active compounds, mahureones A (1) and D (5), exhibited IC50 values in the 10 microM range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Massiot
- Joint Service Unit No. 2597, National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS)-Pierre Fabre, Sciences and Technologies Institute of Medicine of Toulouse, 31432 Toulouse, France.
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45
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Bavoux C, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Adaptation to DNA damage and stimulation of genetic instability: the double-edged sword mammalian DNA polymerase kappa. Biochimie 2005; 87:637-46. [PMID: 15989980 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2005.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2004] [Accepted: 02/10/2005] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A major tolerance mechanism that functions to replicate damaged genomic DNA across lesions that have escaped elimination by repair mechanism is translesion DNA synthesis (TLS). DNA polymerase kappa (Pol kappa), a specialised low-fidelity DNA polymerase which is able to perform DNA synthesis across several damaged bases, is one of the enzymes involved in the process. The mutagenic nature of Pol kappa implies that its expression must be tightly regulated to prevent the formation of excessive genetic disorders along undamaged parts of the genome. Indeed, Pol kappa overexpression, which is notably observed in lung cancer, results not only in increased spontaneous mutagenesis, but also in pleiotropic alterations such as DNA breaks, genetic exchanges and aneuploidy. This review will discuss both aspects of DNA polymerase kappa, which can be considered as a genomic supervisor participating in genome maintenance and when misregulated as a genetic instability enhancer as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Bavoux
- Laboratory Genetic instability and cancer, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 5089, 205, route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse cedex, France
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46
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Boudsocq F, Benaim P, Canitrot Y, Knibiehler M, Ausseil F, Capp JP, Bieth A, Long C, David B, Shevelev I, Frierich-Heinecken E, Hübscher U, Amalric F, Massiot G, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Modulation of cellular response to cisplatin by a novel inhibitor of DNA polymerase beta. Mol Pharmacol 2005; 67:1485-92. [PMID: 15703384 DOI: 10.1124/mol.104.001776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA polymerase beta (Pol beta) is an error-prone enzyme whose up-regulation has been shown to be a genetic instability enhancer as well as a contributor to cisplatin resistance in tumor cells. In this work, we describe the isolation of new Pol beta inhibitors after high throughput screening of 8448 semipurified natural extracts. In vitro, the selected molecules affect specifically Pol beta-mediated DNA synthesis compared with replicative extracts from cell nuclei. One of them, masticadienonic acid (MA), is particularly attractive because it perturbs neither the activity of the purified replicative Pol delta nor that of nuclear HeLa cell extracts. With an IC50 value of 8 microM, MA is the most potent of the Pol beta inhibitors found so far. Docking simulation revealed that this molecule could substitute for single-strand DNA in the binding site of Pol beta by binding Lys35, Lys68, and Lys60, which are the main residues involved in the interaction Pol beta/single-strand DNA. Selected inhibitors also affect the Pol beta-mediated translesion synthesis (TLS) across cisplatin adducts; MA was still the most efficient. Therefore, masticadienonic acid sensitized the cisplatin-resistant 2008C13*5.25 human tumor cells. Our data suggest that molecules such as masticadienonic acid could be suitable in conjunction with cisplatin to enhance anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Boudsocq
- Equipe Instabilité Génétique et Cancer, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Unité Mixte Recherche Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5089, Toulouse, France
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47
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Bavoux C, Leopoldino AM, Bergoglio V, O-Wang J, Ogi T, Bieth A, Judde JG, Pena SDJ, Poupon MF, Helleday T, Tagawa M, Machado C, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Up-Regulation of the Error-Prone DNA Polymerase κ Promotes Pleiotropic Genetic Alterations and Tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2005. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.325.65.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
It is currently widely accepted that genetic instability is key to cancer development. Many types of cancers arise as a consequence of a gradual accumulation of nucleotide aberrations, each mutation conferring growth and/or survival advantage. Genetic instability could also proceed in sudden bursts leading to a more drastic upheaval of structure and organization of the genome. Genetic instability, as an operative force, will produce genetic variants and the greater the instability, the larger the number of variants. We report here that the overexpression of human DNA polymerase κ, an error-prone enzyme that is up-regulated in lung cancers, induces DNA breaks and stimulates DNA exchanges as well as aneuploidy. Probably as the result of so many perturbations, excess polymerase κ favors the proliferation of competent tumor cells as observed in immunodeficient mice. These data suggest that altered regulation of DNA metabolism might be related to cancer-associated genetic changes and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Bavoux
- 1Laboratory ≪ Genetic instability and cancer ≫, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Valérie Bergoglio
- 1Laboratory ≪ Genetic instability and cancer ≫, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Jiyang O-Wang
- 3Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, RIKEN Yokohama Institute, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Tomoo Ogi
- 4Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Bieth
- 1Laboratory ≪ Genetic instability and cancer ≫, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Gabriel Judde
- 5FRE2584 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Section Recherche, Institut Curie-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Sérgio Danilo Junho Pena
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Marie-France Poupon
- 5FRE2584 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Section Recherche, Institut Curie-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Helleday
- 6Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Sheffield, Medical School, Sheffield, United Kingdom; and
| | - Masatoshi Tagawa
- 7Division of Pathology, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - CarlosRenato Machado
- 2Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hoffmann
- 1Laboratory ≪ Genetic instability and cancer ≫, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Cazaux
- 1Laboratory ≪ Genetic instability and cancer ≫, Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
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48
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Bavoux C, Leopoldino AM, Bergoglio V, O-Wang J, Ogi T, Bieth A, Judde JG, Pena SDJ, Poupon MF, Helleday T, Tagawa M, Machado C, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Up-regulation of the error-prone DNA polymerase {kappa} promotes pleiotropic genetic alterations and tumorigenesis. Cancer Res 2005; 65:325-30. [PMID: 15665310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
It is currently widely accepted that genetic instability is key to cancer development. Many types of cancers arise as a consequence of a gradual accumulation of nucleotide aberrations, each mutation conferring growth and/or survival advantage. Genetic instability could also proceed in sudden bursts leading to a more drastic upheaval of structure and organization of the genome. Genetic instability, as an operative force, will produce genetic variants and the greater the instability, the larger the number of variants. We report here that the overexpression of human DNA polymerase kappa, an error-prone enzyme that is up-regulated in lung cancers, induces DNA breaks and stimulates DNA exchanges as well as aneuploidy. Probably as the result of so many perturbations, excess polymerase kappa favors the proliferation of competent tumor cells as observed in immunodeficient mice. These data suggest that altered regulation of DNA metabolism might be related to cancer-associated genetic changes and phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarisse Bavoux
- Institute of Pharmacology and Structural Biology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Toulouse, France
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Canitrot Y, Capp JP, Puget N, Bieth A, Lopez B, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. DNA polymerase beta overexpression stimulates the Rad51-dependent homologous recombination in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32:5104-12. [PMID: 15452277 PMCID: PMC521661 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkh848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of DNA polymerase beta (polbeta), an error-prone DNA repair enzyme, has been shown to result in mutagenesis, aneuploidy and tumorigenesis. To further investigate the molecular basis leading to cancer-associated genetic changes, we examined whether the DNA polbeta could affect homologous recombination (HR). Using mammalian cells carrying an intrachromosomal recombination marker we showed that the DNA polbeta overexpression increased the HR mostly by enhancing gene conversion. Concomitantly, we observed the generation of DNA strand breaks as well as a DNA polbeta-dependent formation of Rad51 foci. The stimulation of HR was abolished by the coexpression of a dominant negative form of Rad51, suggesting that the Rad51 was involved in the increased HR events. The expression of different DNA polbeta mutants lacking polymerase activity did not result in HR stimulation, indicating that the DNA synthesis activity of DNA polbeta was related to this phenotype. These results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the genetic instability observed in DNA polbeta overexpressing tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Canitrot
- Genetic Instability and Cancer Group, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale UMR CNRS 5089, 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
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50
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Bergoglio V, Fréchet M, Philippe M, Bieth A, Mercier P, Morello D, Lacroix-Tricki M, Delsol G, Hoffmann JS, Cazaux C. Evidence of finely tuned expression of DNA polymerase beta in vivo using transgenic mice. FEBS Lett 2004; 566:147-50. [PMID: 15147885 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2004] [Revised: 04/14/2004] [Accepted: 04/14/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
DNA polymerase (Pol) is an error-prone repair DNA polymerase that has been shown to create genetic instability and tumorigenesis when overexpressed by only 2-fold in cells, suggesting that a rigorous regulation of its expression may be essential in vivo. To address this question, we have generated mice which express a transgene (Tg) bearing the Pol cDNA under the control of the ubiquitous promoter of the mouse H-2K gene from the major histocompatibility complex. These mice express the Tg only in thymus, an organ which normally contains the most abundant endogenous Pol mRNA and protein, supporting the idea of a tight regulation of Pol in vivo. Furthermore, we found no tumor incidence, suggesting that the single Pol overexpression event is not sufficient to initiate tumorigenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Bergoglio
- Equipe labellisée La ligue Nationale contre le cancer 2001 - Instabilité Génétique et Cancer, France
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