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Campbell J, Kaur A, Gamino D, Benoit E, Amos B, Windsor L. Individual and structural determinants of COVID-19 vaccine uptake in a marginalized community in the United States. Vaccine 2023; 41:5706-5714. [PMID: 37550145 PMCID: PMC10560547 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Socially and medically vulnerable groups (e.g., people 65 years or older, minoritized racial groups, non-telework essential workers, and people with comorbid conditions) experience barriers to COVID-19 prevention and treatment, increased burden of disease, and increased risk of death from COVID-19. Researchers are paying increased attention to social determinants of health (SDH) in explaining inequities in COVID-19-related health outcomes and rates of vaccine uptake. The purpose of the present manuscript is to identify clinically significant predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people who were socially and medically vulnerable to SARs-CoV-2 infection. Analysis was informed by the SDH framework and included a sample of 641 baseline surveys from participants in a clinical trial designed to increase COVID-19 testing. All participants were at high risk of developing COVID-19-related complications or dying from COVID-19. Following community-based participatory research principles, a well-established community collaborative board conducted every aspect of the study. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to examine the relationships between individual and structural factors and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. In the final time adjusted model, we found that vaccine uptake was only predicted by specific individual-level factors: being 65 years and older, living with HIV/AIDS, and having previously received a flu vaccine or a COVID-19 test. Those reporting to believe in COVID-19-conspiracy theories were less likely to get the COVID-19 vaccine. More research is needed to identify predictors of vaccine uptake among people with comorbidities that make them more vulnerable to COVID-19 complications or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanna Campbell
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1010 W Nevada St, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
| | - Amandeep Kaur
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 901 W University Ave Ste 201 C-261, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - Danilo Gamino
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Ellen Benoit
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Brianna Amos
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, 1 Washington Square N, New York, NY 10003, United States
| | - Liliane Windsor
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, 1010 W Nevada St, Urbana, IL 61801, United States; North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
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Lee CA, Gamino D, Lore M, Donelson C, Windsor LC. Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART): a practical example of automating double randomization. BMC Med Res Methodol 2023; 23:162. [PMID: 37415099 PMCID: PMC10327314 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-023-01986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adaptive interventions are often used in individualized health care to meet the unique needs of clients. Recently, more researchers have adopted the Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), a type of research design, to build optimal adaptive interventions. SMART requires research participants to be randomized multiple times over time, depending upon their response to earlier interventions. Despite the increasing popularity of SMART designs, conducting a successful SMART study poses unique technological and logistical challenges (e.g., effectively concealing and masking allocation sequence to investigators, involved health care providers, and subjects) in addition to other challenges common to all study designs (e.g., study invitations, eligibility screening, consenting procedures, and data confidentiality protocols). Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, browser-based web application widely used by researchers for data collection. REDCap offers unique features that support researchers' ability to conduct rigorous SMARTs. This manuscript provides an effective strategy for performing automatic double randomization for SMARTs using REDCap. METHODS Between January and March 2022, we conducted a SMART using a sample of adult (age 18 and older) New Jersey residents to optimize an adaptive intervention to increase COVID-19 testing uptake. In the current report, we discuss how we used REDCap for our SMART, which required double randomization. Further, we share our REDCap project XML file for future investigators to use when designing and conducting SMARTs. RESULTS We report on the randomization feature that REDCap offers and describe how the study team automated an additional randomization that was required for our SMART. An application programming interface was used to automate the double randomizations in conjunction with the randomization feature provided by REDCap. CONCLUSIONS REDCap offers powerful tools to facilitate the implementation of longitudinal data collection and SMARTs. Investigators can make use of this electronic data capturing system to reduce errors and bias in the implementation of their SMARTs by automating double randomization. TRIAL REGISTRATION The SMART study was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov; registration number: NCT04757298, date of registration: 17/02/2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A. Lee
- Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex Building 16, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Room 222W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
| | - Danilo Gamino
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 USA
| | - Michelle Lore
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 405 N. Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Curt Donelson
- Data and Technology Innovation Group, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 901 West University Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
| | - Liliane C. Windsor
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1010 W. Nevada St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA
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Lee CA, Gamino D, Lore M, Donelson C, Windsor LC. Use of research electronic data capture (REDCap) in a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART): A practical example of automating double randomization. Res Sq 2023:rs.3.rs-2573133. [PMID: 36865151 PMCID: PMC9980278 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2573133/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Background: Adaptive interventions are often used in individualized health care to meet the unique needs of clients. Recently, more researchers have adopted the Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), a type of research design, to build optimal adaptive interventions. SMART requires research participants to be randomized multiple times over time, depending upon their response to earlier interventions. Despite the increasing popularity of SMART designs, conducting a successful SMART study poses unique technological and logistical challenges (e.g., effectively concealing and masking allocation sequence to investigators, involved health care providers, and subjects) in addition to other challenges common to all study designs (e.g., study invitations, eligibility screening, consenting procedures, and data confidentiality protocols). Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) is a secure, browser-based web application widely used by researchers for data collection. REDCap offers unique features that support researchers’ ability to conduct rigorous SMARTs. This manuscript provides an effective strategy for performing automatic double randomization for SMARTs using REDCap. Methods: Between January and March 2022, we conducted a SMART using a sample of adult (age 18 and older) New Jersey residents to optimize an adaptive intervention to increase COVID-19 testing uptake. In the current report, we discuss how we used REDCap for our SMART, which required double randomization. Further, we share our REDCap project XML file for future investigators to use when designing and conducting SMARTs. Results: We report on the randomization feature that REDCap offers and describe how the study team automated an additional randomization that was required for our SMART. An application programming interface was used to automate the double randomizations in conjunction with the randomization feature provided by REDCap. Conclusions: REDCap offers powerful tools to facilitate the implementation of longitudinal data collection and SMARTs. Investigators can make use of this electronic data capturing system to reduce errors and bias in the implementation of their SMARTs by automating double randomization. Trial registration: The SMART study was prospectively registered at Clinicaltrials.gov; registration number: NCT04757298, date of registration: 17/02/2021. Keywords: Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap), randomized controlled trials (RCT), adaptive interventions, Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART), randomization, experimental design, reducing human errors, automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol A Lee
- Addiction Center, University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex Building 16, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Danilo Gamino
- North Jersey Community Research Initiative, 393 Central Ave., Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Michelle Lore
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 901 West University Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Curt Donelson
- Data and Technology Innovation Group, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 901 West University Ave., Urbana, IL 61801
| | - Liliane C Windsor
- School of Social Work, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, 1010 W. Nevada St., Urbana, IL 61801
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Saith SE, Gamino D, Teruya S, Guadalupe S, Helmke S, Santos JDL, Goldsmith J, Rosenblum HR, Griffin JM, Maurer MS. Factors associated with changes in serum transthyretin after treatment with tafamidis and outcomes in transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis. Amyloid 2021; 28:267-268. [PMID: 34379010 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2021.1904390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sunil E Saith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Danilo Gamino
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sergio Teruya
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samantha Guadalupe
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Stephen Helmke
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffeny De Los Santos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hannah R Rosenblum
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jan M Griffin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mathew S Maurer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
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Saith SE, Gamino D, Teryua S, Santos JDL, Guadalupe S, Cuomo M, Rodriguez C, Helmke S, Rosenblum H, Griffin JM, Maurer MS. Myocardial Contraction Fraction in Outcomes in Transthyretin Amyloidosis. J Card Fail 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2020.09.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Elisofon SA, Magee JC, Ng VL, Horslen SP, Fioravanti V, Economides J, Erinjeri J, Anand R, Mazariegos GV, Martin A, Mannino D, Flynn L, Mohammad S, Alonso E, Superina R, Brandt K, Riordan M, Lokar J, Ito J, Elisofon S, Zapata L, Jain A, Foristal E, Gupta N, Whitlow C, Naik K, Espinosa H, Miethke A, Hawkins A, Hardy J, Engels E, Schreibeis A, Ovchinsky N, Kogan‐Liberman D, Cunningham R, Malik P, Sundaram S, Feldman A, Garcia B, Yanni G, Kohli R, Emamaullee J, Secules C, Magee J, Lopez J, Bilhartz J, Hollenbeck J, Shaw B, Bartow C, Forest S, Rand E, Byrne A, Linguiti I, Wann L, Seidman C, Mazariegos G, Soltys K, Squires J, Kepler A, Vitola B, Telega G, Lerret S, Desai D, Moghe J, Cutright L, Daniel J, Andrews W, Fioravanti V, Slowik V, Cisneros R, Faseler M, Hufferd M, Kelly B, Sudan D, Mavis A, Moats L, Swan‐Nesbit S, Yazigi N, Buranych A, Hobby A, Rao G, Maccaby B, Gopalareddy V, Boulware M, Ibrahim S, El Youssef M, Furuya K, Schatz A, Weckwerth J, Lovejoy C, Kasi N, Nadig S, Law M, Arnon R, Chu J, Bucuvalas J, Czurda M, Secheli B, Almy C, Haydel B, Lobritto S, Emand J, Biney‐Amissah E, Gamino D, Gomez A, Himes R, Seal J, Stewart S, Bergeron J, Truxillo A, Lebel S, Davidson H, Book L, Ramstack D, Riley A, Jennings C, Horslen S, Hsu E, Wallace K, Turmelle Y, Nadler M, Postma S, Miloh T, Economides J, Timmons K, Ng V, Subramonian A, Dharmaraj B, McDiarmid S, Feist S, Rhee S, Perito E, Gallagher L, Smith K, Ebel N, Zerofsky M, Nogueira J, Greer R, Gilmour S, Robert C, Cars C, Azzam R, Boone P, Garbarino N, Lalonde M, Kerkar N, Dokus K, Helbig K, Grizzanti M, Tomiyama K, Cocking J, Alexopoulos S, Bhave C, Schillo R, Bailey A, Dulek D, Ramsey L, Ekong U, Valentino P, Hettiarachchi D, Tomlin R. Society of pediatric liver transplantation: Current registry status 2011-2018. Pediatr Transplant 2020; 24:e13605. [PMID: 31680409 DOI: 10.1111/petr.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SPLIT was founded in 1995 in order to collect comprehensive prospective data on pediatric liver transplantation, including waiting list data, transplant, and early and late outcomes. Since 2011, data collection of the current registry has been refined to focus on prospective data and outcomes only after transplant to serve as a foundation for the future development of targeted clinical studies. OBJECTIVE To report the outcomes of the SPLIT registry from 2011 to 2018. METHODS This is a multicenter, cross-sectional analysis characterizing patients transplanted and enrolled in the SPLIT registry between 2011 and 2018. All patients, <18 years of age, received a first liver-only, a combined liver-kidney, or a combined liver-pancreas transplant during this study period. RESULTS A total of 1911 recipients from 39 participating centers in North America were registered. Indications included biliary atresia (38.5%), metabolic disease (19.1%), tumors (11.7%), and fulminant liver failure (11.5%). Greater than 50% of recipients were transplanted as either Status 1A/1B or with a MELD/PELD exception score. Incompatible transplants were performed in 4.1%. Kaplan-Meier estimates of 1-year patient and graft survival were 97.3% and 96.6%. First 30 days of surgical complications included reoperation (31.7%), hepatic artery thrombosis (6.3%), and portal vein thrombosis (3.2%). In the first 90 days, biliary tract complications were reported in 13.6%. Acute cellular rejection during first year was 34.7%. At 1 and 2 years of follow-up, 39.2% and 50.6% had normal liver tests on monotherapy (tacrolimus or sirolimus). Further surgical, survival, allograft function, and complications are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Elisofon
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John C Magee
- Division of Surgery, University of Michigan Transplant Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Vicky L Ng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Center, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Simon P Horslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington
| | - Vicki Fioravanti
- Section of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | | | | | | | - George V Mazariegos
- Division of Pediatric Transplant Surgery, Hillman Center for Pediatric Transplantation, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Gamino D, Teruya S, De Los Santos J, Helmke S, Guadalupe S, Maurer M. Tafamidis Increases Serum TTR (Prealbumin) Levels in both ATTRh and ATTRwt Cardiac Amyloidosis. J Card Fail 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.07.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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